Key performance indicators of Sberbank for the year. Economic performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia
Theoretical foundations of banking statistics. Analysis of the structure of the loan portfolio. Determination of the index of concentration of financial flows. Calculation of dynamics indicators and trend identification. Studying the dependence of bank assets on the value of private deposits.
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MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Bryansk State Technical University
Department of Economics, Organization of Production, Management
Course work
discipline "Statistics"
Statistical analysis of the bank (for example, PJSC "Sberbank of Russia")
Completed by: Student Damansky D.A.
Checked: Ph.D., Assoc. Novikova A.V.
Bryansk 2016
Introduction
Chapter 1. The theoretical basis of banking statistics
1.1 Socio-economic essence of the banking system and banking statistics
1.2 Key performance indicators of the bank
1.3 Overview of banking services for 2010-2015
1.4 Forecast of the development of the banking system
Chapter 2. Calculation and analysis of performance indicators of PJSC Sberbank of Russia
2.1 Calculation of the number of groups and interval values
2.2 Calculation of relative values
2.3 Average values \u200b\u200band indicators of variation
2.4 Application of the selective method
2.5 Calculation of indicators of dynamics and trend identification
2.6 Correlation and regression analysis
Conclusion
Bibliography
application
Introduction
The development of banks is a necessary condition for the real creation of a market mechanism. The emergence of new structures (in the area of \u200b\u200bindividual banking operations) increases the likelihood of unpredictable changes and forces banks to develop a flexible policy for managing their activities. Therefore, it is important to study the financial performance of banks. After all, they reflect the main aspects of the bank. Of particular relevance is the knowledge of the nature and strength of the relationships between these indicators, which allows you to manage socio-economic processes and predict their development.
Statistical analysis of the bank is one of the main conditions for ensuring the quality and effectiveness of management decisions. Reliable work of a bank depends on its ability to fall in love with a love moment in time and fully comply with its obligations, i.e. the bank must at any time quickly make payments to customers and be liable for its obligations in the event of a crisis in the bank or in the financial market. The course work focuses on the statistical study of performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia.
The object of the study is PJSC Sberbank of Russia.
The subject of the study is banking statistics.
The aim of the course work is to study the statistical indicators of the activities of PJSC Sberbank of Russia.
Tasks of work:
Outline the theoretical foundations of banking statistics;
To calculate the statistical indicators characterizing the activities of the bank.
Chapter1. The theoretical basis of banking statistics
The banking system is an integral part of the economy of any state. Modern banking systems in different countries have a multi-level structure. The main link of any banking system is the Central (national) bank. It belongs to government bodies (monetary authorities) and performs the functions of monetary regulation:
Issue of national currency;
Management of international reserves of the country;
Acceptance of obligations in the form of deposits of other banks;
The role of the lender of last resort;
The role of the fiscal agent of the central government.
The banking system includes existing banks, credit institutions and organizations that perform certain banking operations that support the activities of banks and credit institutions (cash settlement centers, bank audit firms, etc.). The banking system is the main component of the credit system, which is part of the country's economic system. Thus, the banking system actively interacts with other parts of the social and economic mechanism.
Distinguish a single-level and two-level banking system. One thing is said about the tiered banking system when there is no central bank in the state or all banks function as central banks. This type of banking system is not characteristic of a market economy. A developed economy is characterized by a two-tier banking system, the first tier of which is the central bank, the second - commercial banks and credit institutions. Such a banking system takes into account freedom of enterprise, on the one hand, and allows you to control the activities of commercial banks, on the other hand.
Russia has a two-tier banking system, including the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia) and credit organizations, as well as their branches and offices, representative offices of foreign banks.
The main areas of socio-economic statistical analysis are:
Development of strategies and tactics of the monetary policy of the country's monetary authorities;
Determining the size of the official refinancing rate depending on the state and prospects of economic development;
Development of a strategy and tactics of payment policy;
Supervision of the performance of individual credit organizations and the banking system as a whole;
Control over monetary policy;
Drawing up the balance of payments of the Russian Federation.
1.1 Socio-economic essence of the banking system and banking statistics
Consider some basic concepts of the subject of study.
A bank is a credit institution that has the exclusive right to collectively carry out the following banking operations: attraction of funds of individuals and legal entities in deposits; placement of funds on its own behalf and at its own expense on the terms of repayment, payment, urgency; opening and maintaining bank accounts of individuals and legal entities.
A credit institution is a legal entity that, for profit, as the main goal of its activity, on the basis of a special permit (license) of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation has the right to carry out banking operations provided for by the Federal Law “On Banks and Banking Activities”. A credit institution is prohibited from engaging in manufacturing, trading, and insurance activities.
A non-bank credit institution has the right to carry out certain banking operations provided for by federal law. Non-bank credit organizations include: insurance, leasing, financial companies; pension, investment, charity funds; pawnshops; credit unions, societies and partnerships, etc.
A commercial bank is a multifunctional institution performing operations in all sectors of the loan capital market. In other words, banks make loans, settlements and financing of individual enterprises, groups of enterprises, industries, trade, other legal entities and individuals at the expense of attracted funds (deposits). All these operations are carried out on a paid basis.
Banking statistics is a branch of financial statistics whose tasks are to obtain information to characterize the functions performed by the banking system, to develop analytical materials for the needs of managing the country's monetary system, primarily credit and cash planning and monitoring the use of plans.
In banking statistics, the following objects are distinguished:
Bank resources and their use;
Short-term loan;
Cashless payments;
Cash circulation;
Savings business;
Financing and lending of capital investments;
Cash execution of the state budget.
An example of the result of banking statistics is table 1.
Table 1 - the Number and structure of credit organizations
Definition |
|||||
The number of credit organizations registered in the Russian Federation |
|||||
including those entitled to conduct banking operations (existing) |
|||||
The number of credit organizations with foreign participation in the authorized capital authorized to conduct banking operations |
|||||
including: |
|||||
with 100% foreign participation |
|||||
with foreign participation from 50 to 100% |
|||||
The number of branches of existing credit organizations in the Russian Federation |
|||||
Sberbank of Russia |
|||||
banks with 100% foreign participation in the authorized capital |
|||||
The number of branches of existing credit organizations abroad |
|||||
Registered authorized capital of existing credit organizations, billion rubles |
|||||
The number of credit organizations having licenses (permits) providing the right: |
|||||
to attract deposits |
|||||
for operations in foreign currency |
|||||
for general licenses |
|||||
for operations with precious metals |
Thus, the subject of statistical analysis is both the banks themselves and other lending institutions, real and potential customers, and correspondents, individuals and legal entities.
1.2 Key performance indicators of the bank
The main statistical indicators used by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation are grouped into 6 blocks:
Banking sector structures;
Capital adequacy and liquidity;
Loan portfolio structures;
Values \u200b\u200band structures of gold and foreign exchange reserves;
The main factors determining the official exchange rate;
Indicators determining official interest rates.
Of these, the first 3 blocks are directly related to banking statistics. Let us consider in more detail precisely their indicators.
The structure of the banking sector includes the following indicators:
The number of registered and the number of operating banks in Russia and their distribution in the regional context;
The number of branches of credit organizations and their distribution by region ..
Index of the number of banking institutions in the region. It is calculated as the ratio of the number of banking institutions in the region to the same average Russian indicator, expressed as a percentage. Used in calculating the concentration index of financial flows.
The average number of branches created by one bank. It is calculated by dividing the number of branches of banks registered in this region, regardless of the location of these branches, by the number of banks registered in the territory.
Grouping of credit organizations in accordance with the amount of total or paid capital.
Grouping of credit organizations in accordance with the type of licenses issued by the CBR.
Capital adequacy is an indicator of the bank’s activity, expressed as the ratio of the bank’s own funds to the total amount of risk-weighted assets.
Capital adequacy and liquidity involves the study of the following indicators:
The growth rate of total banks equity;
Capital of the banking sector, including as a percentage of GDP; to the value of banking sector assets;
The ratio of bank capital to the value of assets weighted by risk level;
Ratio of fixed capital to risk-weighted assets;
The ratio of highly liquid assets to the total assets of the banking sector;
The ratio of liquid assets to total assets;
The ratio of highly liquid assets to demand liabilities;
The ratio of customer accounts to the value of total loans.
Indicators of the structure of the loan portfolio of the banking system:
The ratio of the total amount of bank deposits attracted (with and without taking into account received interbank deposits) in domestic and foreign currency to GDP;
The ratio of the total amount of loans issued by banks (including and excluding granted interbank loans) in domestic and foreign currency to GDP;
The ratio of the total amount of interbank loans (deposits) in domestic and foreign currency to GDP;
The growth rate of total credit investments of banks (including and excluding interbank loans);
The growth rate of short-term credit investments of banks (with and without taking into account relevant interbank loans);
The growth rate of total (short and long-term) deposits of bank customers (with and without interbank deposits);
The specificity of banks as intermediaries is that most of their income depends on interest rates, and if for clients of banks the level of both real and nominal interest rates matters, then for banks the most important parameter is the difference between interest rates.
Assets of a financial institution are usually reflected in the balance sheet of an institution. Assets are the resources available to the organization.
The return on bank assets is a single indicator of assessing the effectiveness of a bank, which characterizes in relative units the use of all resources received by the bank at its disposal. The return on bank assets is the ratio of profit to average total assets.
The rate of return on assets (Kd.a) is defined as the ratio of total income to the value of bank assets:
Kd.a \u003d D / A (1),
A is the value of the bank’s assets.
2) The rate of return on assets generating income (CA APD) is defined as the ratio of total income to the value of assets generating income:
K D APD \u003d D / APD (2),
where D is the total income of the bank;
The coefficient of interest income generating income (K AP APD), is defined as the ratio of interest income to the value of active assets:
K PD APD \u003d Dp / APD (3),
where Dp - interest income of the bank;
APD - income generating assets (operating).
The non-interest rate of return on assets generating income (KNI APD) is defined as the ratio of non-interest income to the amount of income-generating assets:
K NDAPD \u003d Dn / APD (4),
where Dn - non-interest income of the bank.
The rate of return on assets shows the amount of income per 1 ruble. bank assets.
Bank profitability is an indicator of the bank's activity, characterizing:
For shareholders - return on invested capital;
For depositors - a guarantee of the reliability and efficiency of the bank;
For the bank - the main source of equity
The main criteria for profitability are return on assets and net profit. The main and most stable component of the commercial bank’s net profit is the net interest margin, which makes it possible to determine the effectiveness of the use of paid resources in assets placed at a percentage.
Interest margin can be defined as follows:
PMP \u003d (DP - RP) / APD * 100% \u003d PP / APD * 100% (5),
where Dp - interest income of the bank; Rp - interest expense of the bank;
APD - income generating assets (operating);
PP - interest income.
If in formula (5) instead of income-generating assets, total assets (averaged) are used, then this indicator is called the total interest margin (ПМ О):
PMO \u003d PP / A * 100% (6),
where A is the value of the bank’s assets.
We will draw up a ranking table by experts of bank performance indicators by their importance for the concept of bank reliability (tab. 2).
Table 2 - Experts ranking the indicators of the bank's activity by their importance for the concept of bank reliability
Index |
% of experts who indicated this indicator among the most important |
|
Share of overdue loans |
||
Current liquidity |
||
Capital adequacy |
||
Equity |
||
The share of long-term liabilities in the balance sheet |
||
The share of non-performing assets in the balance sheet currency |
||
Return on equity |
||
Instant liquidity |
||
The share of long-term loans in the balance sheet currency |
The table shows that the experts consider the share of overdue loans in loans issued to be the most important characteristic of the bank's activities. The group most influencing reliability also included indicators of asset liquidity, capital adequacy, profitability and equity. The share of long-term loans in the economy was not in the top five, however, 20% of experts consider this indicator important.
1.3 Overview of banking services for 2010-2015
According to the Bank of Russia, in the first seven months of 2015, banks received a total profit (before taxes) of 34 billion rubles, which turned out to be 15 times less than the same indicator in 2014.
Considering that for the first half of 2015, the sector's profit amounted to 51.5 billion rubles, in July 2015, banks completed with losses of 17.5 billion rubles. It should be noted that the depth of the decline in the banking system is smoothed out by the significant positive contribution of Sberbank of Russia OJSC, which continued to increase profits, receiving 32.8 billion rubles in July. profit (before taxes), and at the end of seven months - 127.8 billion rubles. Excluding Sberbank of Russia, banking sector losses in January-July amounted to 93.8 billion rubles, and in July - 50.3 billion rubles. The reason for the colossal losses of most banking organizations in Russia is the continuing rapid decline in the quality of assets, which leads to an increase in overdue debts. In particular, in July, the growth in the aggregate share of overdue debt accelerated, increasing by 0.2 percentage points. and reaching 6.5% by August 1, 2015, which is only 0.2 pp below the peak value reached in May 2010.
One of the reasons for maintaining high growth rates of overdue debt is the difficult financial situation of most corporate borrowers, largely due to the continued contraction of consumer and investment demand - retail sales in July fell by 9.2% in annual terms.
In these circumstances, banks are forced to adhere to a more conservative credit policy, which also leads to the fact that the interest rates on short-term loans, necessary to replenish working capital, which are extremely important for the life of companies, have become prohibitively high for many borrowers. In particular, in June 2015, the average weighted rate on corporate loans up to 1 year (excluding Sberbank OJSC) amounted to 15.62%, which is only 1.11 percentage points. below the level of December 2014.
A similar situation has developed with respect to interest rates on loans for small and medium enterprises. After a sharp increase at the end of the last to the beginning of the current year (from 16.3% in December 2014 to 18.9% in January 2015), the level of interest rates for small and medium-sized businesses practically did not decrease, remaining critically high, which signals a continuation increased lending risks of this segment compared to the corporate sector as a whole.
In retail lending, the overall situation looks even more unfavorable. Interest rates on loans for individuals (up to 1 year, in rubles, excluding Sberbank of Russia) decreased in June by 2.16 percentage points up to 27%, however, they were not able to level the May jump immediately by 2.73 percentage points The reason for maintaining a high level of interest rates, despite the reduction in the cost of funding from the Bank of Russia, is also the growing cost of creating reserves associated with the outstripping growth of bad debts. In addition, the continued decline in real disposable incomes and wages of the population does not allow banks to increase lending, as a result of which the retail loan portfolio steadily decreased in the first six months of 2015, having lost 5.3% of its volume during this time. The accumulated problems in the banking system ultimately led to an acceleration in the growth of total losses of loss-making banks in July to 337.2 billion rubles. (+ 31.5% compared to June 2015) and an increase in the number of unprofitable credit organizations to 234. At the same time, a significant part of losses is attributable to retail banks: 6 of the 10 largest retail banks accounted for 74% of all losses among unprofitable retail banks in the first half of the year. according to RAS. In addition, the net loss of Russian Standard Bank under IFRS for the first half of 2015 reached a record 22 billion rubles, against a loss of 4.7 billion rubles. for the same period last year. The loss turned out to be higher than the expectations of Standard & Poor's and UBS analysts, who had previously forecasted it to be 15-16 billion rubles.
1.4 Forecast of the development of the banking system
The growth of the banking sector in April-May 2015 slowed sharply. This is largely due to the currency revaluation associated with the ruble appreciation in this period (just as the large-scale increase in bank balances at the end of 2014 was caused by a sharp weakening of the Russian currency). However, there is reason to believe that the current decline in growth rates is structural in nature and is associated with two important factors:
The effect associated with the closure of foreign financial markets due to sanctions (which de facto affected almost all large Russian borrowers) and the acute need for funding from Russian banks is fading;
Russian companies' investments in production capacities have been declining since the beginning of 2014 - enterprises simply do not need development loans.
Thus, in the near future, the current trend to slow down the growth of the banking system will continue. Moreover, most likely, anemic growth is expected by Russian banks in the medium term.
Strategic Forecast Background
The basic scenario for the development of the banking sector in 2015-19. based on the following assumptions regarding key factors:
The dynamics of the main macro variables corresponds to the base scenario of our macro forecast;
The revocation of licenses from Russian banks continues at a current pace during 2015-16, and begins to gradually slow down from 2017;
The gradual lifting of sanctions from the financial sanctions of the EU and the USA against Russian banks and enterprises does not begin earlier than 2017.
Assets: The growth rate of bank assets will sharply decline until the end of 2015. After reaching a minimum of about + 6%, growth will recover in early 2016, but will remain at a low level until the end of 2019. Banking penetration of GDP to the planning horizon will increase up to 120%.
Capital: It is assumed that in 2015-19. Russian banks will be able to maintain the level of capital adequacy at 12%. In addition, as the situation in the economy stabilizes, the risk appetite of banks will gradually begin to grow, and by the beginning of 2017, the ratio of risk-weighted assets (RWA) to total assets will return to pre-crisis values.
Unexpected peak of capital growth in the banking system in late 2015 and early 2016. due to the effect of a low base for RWA.
Banking services for companies: Corporate lending, including the segment of small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs), will continue to slow down compared to the 2014 record. At the beginning of 2016, a growth failure is expected due to the high base of early 2015. Subsequently, the loan portfolio growth will return to its average long-term level of 12-13%.
The growth of funds raised from corporate clients will also slow down. However, the failure at the beginning of 2016 will most likely be avoided due to the excessive liquidity accumulated by companies in bank accounts (Figure 1).
Figure 1 - Accounts and deposits
Retail Banking: The retail loan portfolio will begin to decline in the second half of 2015 and is unlikely to reach positive growth rates earlier than Q2. 2016. Trends in retail lending in the medium term:
Secured loans retain the greatest growth potential - mortgages and car loans (saturation in both market segments is low, consumers will continue to show demand for real estate and cars);
In the segment of unsecured consumer loans, a glut of the market is already noticeable, in the future this segment is unlikely to be able to grow rapidly;
The Bank of Russia’s attitude towards unsecured consumer loans is negative, so we can expect further “tightening up the screws” in regulating this type of loans in favor of credit cards, which are a more civilized type of retail loans.
The dynamics of population deposits after a slight slowdown in 2015 will return to the average long-term growth rate of about 14-15% (Figure 2).
Figure 2 - Retail loans
In general, the growth of the banking system in the medium term can be divided into two stages:
The period of inhibition or decline in 2015-16;
The resumption of growth in 2017-19.
Chapter2. Calculation and analysis of performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia
2.1 Calculation of the number of groups and the size of the interval
Let us analyze the 30 most reliable small and medium-sized banks of the Russian Federation using the grouping method according to the following data from Appendix A.
As a grouping attribute, we take the authorized capital. We form four groups of banks with equal intervals. The value of the interval is determined by the formula:
Denote the boundaries of the groups:
2100-7350 - 1st group
7350-12600 - 2nd group
12600-17850 - 3rd group
17850-23100 - 4th group.
After the grouping characteristic is determined - the authorized fund, the number of groups is set - 4 and the groups themselves are formed, it is necessary to select the indicators that characterize the groups and determine their values \u200b\u200bfor each group.
The indicators characterizing banks are spread across the four indicated groups and group totals are calculated. The results of the grouping are entered in the table and the overall results are determined for the totality of observation units for each indicator (table 3).
Table 3 - Grouping of commercial banks by the size of the authorized capital
Number of banks |
Statutory fund, million rubles |
Operating assets, mln. Rub. |
Capital, million rubles |
||
The structural grouping of commercial banks based on the data in table 4 will look like (table 4):
Table 4 - Grouping of commercial banks by the size of the authorized capital (in %% of the total)
Bank groups by the size of the authorized capital, million rubles |
Number of banks |
Statutory fund |
Working assets |
||
Table 4 shows that mainly small banks 60% dominate, which account for 42.5% of the total capital. A more specific analysis of the relationship of indicators can be done on the basis of the analytical grouping (table 5).
Table 5 - Grouping of commercial banks by the size of the authorized capital
Bank groups by fund size, million rubles statutory |
Number of banks |
Capital. million rubles Total |
Operating assets, mln. Rub. On average per bank |
On average per bank |
||
The amount of capital and working assets are directly dependent on each other, and the larger the bank, the more efficient the management of working assets.
2.2 Calculation of relative values
Using relative comparison indicators, compare the net profit volumes in the largest Russian banks for 2015 (table 6):
Table 6 - Net profit volumes in the largest Russian banks for 2015
The relative comparison indicator is the ratio of the same absolute indicator (in our case, the volume of net profit) characterizing different objects (banks):
To determine the relative magnitude of the comparison, we compare the initial data on the volume of net profit:
The volume of net profit of Sberbank of Russia for April 2015 exceeded the same indicator of Alfa-Bank by more than 9 times.
Sberbank's net profit exceeds the Raiffeisenbank's net profit by 14.6 times; VTB - 17.4 times; UniCredit Bank - 18.4 times.
2.3 Average values \u200b\u200band indicators of variation
To build a statistical series of distribution, we determine the size of the interval by the formula:
where n is the number of groups
million rubles - interval value
Let's compile a table of a series of distribution of banks by the volume of loans issued by commercial banks (table 7).
Table 7 - Calculation of average values
Initial data |
Estimated Values |
||||||
Groups of banks in terms of the volume of loans issued to businesses. banks, mln |
The number of banks in group f |
The middle of the interval, x |
Accumulated frequencies |
||||
Find the arithmetic mean.
For calculation, as the values \u200b\u200bof the characteristics in the groups, we take the middle of these intervals (x), since the values \u200b\u200bof the averaged characteristic are set in the form of intervals. We calculate and substitute the obtained values \u200b\u200bin the table.
So, the average volume of loans issued by commercial banks is 59,450 million rubles.
Find the root mean square deviation by the formula:
To do this, we make intermediate calculations and substitute them in the table.
Find the coefficient of variation:
We find the fashion by the formula:
where is the lower boundary of the modal interval;
Modal interval;
Frequencies in modal, previous and following modal intervals (respectively).
The modal series is determined by the highest frequency. The table shows that this interval is (34250 - 59450 million rubles).
Find the median by the formula:
where is the lower boundary of the median interval;
Median interval;
Half of the total number of observations;
The amount of observations accumulated before the start of the median interval; - the number of observations in the median interval.
First of all, we find the median interval. Such an interval will be (34,250 - 59,450 million rubles).
Findings: Since V\u003e 33%, this indicates a significant variability of the sign, the non-typicality of the average value, the heterogeneity of the population.
Since\u003e 0, i.e. (59450 - 44330)\u003e 0, then right-side asymmetry is observed.
2.4 Application of the selective method
A sample observation is such an incomplete observation in which the units to be examined are randomly selected, the selected part is studied, and the results apply to the entire initial population.
The population from which the selection is made is called the population (N). The set of units selected is a sample set (n).
Draw up an additional table "Calculation of indicators of sample observation" (table 8).
Table 8 - Calculation of indicators of sample observation
The average value of the characteristic in the sample is found by the formula (11)
The sampling error must be found by repeated sampling according to the formula (12)
where, is the variance in the general population (found by formula 13)
n is the number of units in the sample
N is the number of units in the population.
The condition says that the sample is 3% mechanical.
Therefore, n \u003d 37 is 3%, and N \u003d x is 100%.
Find x by the rule of proportion (formula 14)
Using formula 22, we find the sampling error by repeated sampling
The boundaries in which the average profit in the general population will be located are found by the formula (15)
t - Confidence coefficient, which depends on the probability (table 9).
Table 9 - Dependence of the coefficient of confidence on probability
Probability |
||
By condition, probability \u003d 0.683. Therefore, t \u003d 1
Find the boundaries in which the average size of profit in the general population will be located, according to the formula 15
Conclusion: in 683 cases out of 1000, the average profit in the total population will range from 169.58 million rubles. up to 192.04 million rubles.
In the remaining 317 cases out of 1000, it will go beyond these boundaries.
The error in sampling the share of banks with a profit of 153 million rubles. and more, find by the formula (16)
To find the value of u (the share in the sample), it is necessary to find out from how many banks the profit will be 153 million rubles. and more. According to table 1.3, the number of such banks \u003d 24 (N).
Find the proportion in the sample by the formula (17)
We find the error in sampling the share of banks with a profit of 153 million rubles. or more according to formula (16), using the value N \u003d 1233.34 already found in paragraph 1
We find the boundaries in which the general share will be located, by the formula (18)
57,16 < p < 72,56
Conclusion: in 683 cases out of 1000, the share of banks with a profit of 153 million rubles. and more in the general population will lie in the aisles from 57.16% to 72.56%.
In the remaining 317 cases, the share of such banks will go beyond these boundaries.
2.5 Calculation of indicators of dynamics and trend identification
To calculate the absolute and relative dynamics indicators, we use the formulas from table 10.
Table 10 - Formulas of absolute and relative indicators of dynamics
Index |
Basic |
||
Absolute increase |
|||
Growth rate |
|||
Growth rate |
|||
Rate of increase |
|||
The absolute value of 1% increase |
Designations:
U1,2,3 ... n - all levels of consecutive periods;
n is the number of levels in the series.
We will calculate the absolute and relative indicators using the data from Appendix B for 2003-2015.
The results are presented in table 11.
Table 11 - Calculation of indicators of dynamics
Accounts payable, billion rubles |
Indicators |
|||||||||||
Absolute growth, billion rubles |
Growth rate |
Growth rate, % |
Growth rate,% |
The absolute value of 1% growth, billion rubles. |
||||||||
The average dynamics for the analyzed period:
The average level of the interval of a number of dynamics:
Average absolute increase:
Average growth rate:
Average growth rate:
Average growth rate:
The average value of the absolute value of 1% increase:
Thus, the average growth rate of accounts payable of organizations (excluding small businesses) in the Russian Federation for 2003-2015. It amounted to 118.1% or 2803.5 billion rubles, which is determined by an average increase of 18.1% per year.
One of the main tasks of studying the series of dynamics is to identify the main tendency (pattern) in the change in the levels of the series, called the trend. To determine the trend based on table 9, we apply the method of analytical alignment using the equation. Calculations of the required values \u200b\u200bin table 12.
Table 12 - Calculation of values \u200b\u200bfor determining the trend
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Consideration of the nature, criteria for segmentation, risks (credit, liquidity, interest) and quality management of the loan portfolio of a commercial bank, familiarization with the problems of their diversification using the example of the Savings Bank of Russia.
term paper, added 04/14/2010
Overview of the mission and goals of the activities of Sberbank of Russia OJSC. Scheme of the organizational and functional structure of the Siberian Bank of Sberbank of Russia. Analysis of the financial position and financial reserves of the organization. Assessment of the implementation of the Bank's economic standards.
practice report added 03/22/2014
The concept of credit policy and the loan portfolio of a commercial bank. The main provisions and principles taken into account in the formation of the credit policy of the bank. Analysis of financial indicators, credit policy and loan portfolio of VTB 24 Bank (CJSC).
Financial and economic performance indicators of Sberbank of Russia PJSC
· The Bank’s total capital calculated in accordance with Bank of Russia Regulation No. 395-P dated December 28, 2012 “On the Methodology for Determining the Equity (Equity) of Credit Institutions of Credit Institutions (Basel III)” increased by 117.2 compared to January 1, 2016 billion rubles, up to 2,775.3 billion rubles. The source of capital growth was earned profit. Return on assets increased from 0.8% to 2.0%, due to the growth in net profit.
The return on equity for the first half of 2016 increased from 8.0% to 18.9% due to an increase in net profit.
· Net assets decreased compared to January 1, 2016 by 3.7%, or 0.8 trillion. rubles, up to 21.9 trillion. rubles. The net asset dynamics was strongly influenced by the negative revaluation of foreign currency balance sheet items as a result of the ruble appreciation. Thus, net loan debt compared with the beginning of the year decreased by 0.7 trillion. rubles, or 4.0%, which was a consequence of the revaluation of foreign currency loans to legal entities and non-resident banks. The dynamics of net loan debt was also affected by the investment of a part of funds previously placed on loans to banks in more profitable instruments, in particular, in securities. Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale increased by 16.1%, or by 0.4 trillion. rubles to 2.7 trillion. rubles. The increase in investments in subsidiaries and affiliates is associated with pre-capitalization of subsidiaries. Reduction of cash balances from the beginning of the year by 0.3 trillion. rubles, or 34.4%, which took place mainly in January, due to a seasonal decrease in demand for cash compared to the period of the New Year holidays. 12
· The customer’s funds remain the basis of the Bank’s resource base. Since the beginning of the year, their balance has decreased by 0.7 trillion. rubles, or 3.9%, to a value of 17.0 trillion. rubles. The dynamics of customer accounts was affected by a negative revaluation of foreign currency balances.
· The financial result (including other comprehensive income from revaluation of securities for sale) amounted to 295.1 billion rubles, which is 89.3 billion rubles, or 43.4%, more than the same period last year.
The liquidity indicators of Sberbank of Russia PJSC are presented in Table 2. Commercial deposit bank
For the 1st half of 2016, the total assets of Sberbank of Russia PJSC decreased by 831 billion rubles and in the second quarter amounted to 21,876 billion rubles (against 22,707 billion at the beginning of the year).
The main factors that determined the dynamics of assets were:
· A decrease in the amount of net loan debt (a decrease of 682 billion rubles per year to 16,188 billion rubles);
· A decrease in cash by 252 billion rubles due to a decrease in demand for cash from customers;
· Revaluation of assets at fair value through profit or loss (for 2015 - by 155 billion rubles),
· An increase in investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale, as well as an increase in investments in subsidiaries and affiliates (totaling 598 billion rubles for six months).
Sberbank is Russia's largest diversified financial institution, successfully developing commercial banking, investment and private banking, as well as leasing and asset management. The principles of doing business for a corporation are efficiency, reliability and transparency.
Sberbank of Russia PJSC is one of the largest Russian banks. According to rating studies, Sberbank of Russia PJSC holds leading positions among Russian banks in terms of assets, capital, corporate and retail loans and deposits. The central office of the Bank of PJSC Sberbank of Russia is located in Moscow. In the private deposit market, Sberbank owns 50.5%. He owns 30% of all loans issued in Russia. Sberbank ranks first in the ranking of banks in the Russian Federation. As a result of a recent IPO, 33% of the shares were in the hands of institutional investors, and 5% for private individuals. In total, the bank has 200 thousand shareholders. It accounts for 26% of the assets of the Russian banking system and 51.5% of deposits of individuals. This is the only bank that the Central Bank controls not only as a regulator, but also as a shareholder owning 57.6% of its shares. From October 2007 to today, Sberbank has been led by former Minister of Economic Development German Gref, who, in particular, intends to make bank loans more accessible to the public.
Acting in the interests of depositors, customers and shareholders, the Bank seeks to effectively invest borrowed funds of private and corporate clients in the real sector of the economy, lends to citizens, contributes to the stable functioning of the Russian banking system and the savings of population deposits.
The objectives and subject of activity of Sberbank of Russia PJSC are:
- - attracting funds from legal entities and individuals (customers) and placing them on the basis of repayment, payment, urgency;
- - implementation of cash settlement services to customers;
- - operations with foreign currency and securities, other banking operations;
- - ensuring the safety of funds entrusted to the bank.
Sberbank of Russia PJSC performs the following banking operations and services:
- - receiving, issuing deposits and other types of savings;
- - receiving payments from customers;
- - long-term and short-term lending to individuals and legal entities;
- - sale, purchase and management of government securities;
- - implementation of lottery tickets;
- - providing customers with individual safes for temporary use to store documents and valuables;
- - the provision of brokerage and consulting services, the implementation of leasing and trust operations;
- - acquisition of rights of claim arising from the delivery of goods and the provision of services, acceptance of the risk of the fulfillment of such requirements and collection of these requirements (forfaiting);
- - Representation of interests of enterprises, organizations in financial and economic bodies;
- - Settlements on behalf of clients, their cash services, as well as collection and transportation of money and valuables;
- - maintaining customer accounts;
- - issuance and payment, purchase and sale, storage of payment documents and securities (bonds, checks, letters of credit, bills, shares, etc.) and other operations with them;
- - conducting currency exchange and other currency transactions in the manner prescribed by Sberbank of Russia;
- - issuance of guarantees to secure obligations for third parties, providing for the execution in cash, in the manner established by Sberbank of Russia;
- - other banking customer service operations in accordance with the license of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and with the permission of Sberbank of Russia.
The main activities of the Bank:
- * lending to Russian enterprises;
- * lending to private clients;
- * an investment in government securities and bonds of the Bank of Russia;
- * operations on a commission basis.
Organizational structure of the department
The main conditions of credit policy.
Loans are provided to individuals - citizens of the Russian Federation over the age of 18 years, provided that the loan repayment term under the agreement:
in case of differentiated payments - occurs before the borrower is 75 years old;
for annuity payments - it is limited to the working age of the borrower.
Loans are provided:
at the place of permanent residence (registration) of the Borrowers, with temporary registration for the duration of the registration;
at the location of the enterprise - the employer of the Borrower, the Bank's client, if there is an employment contract for an indefinite period between him and the borrower
Loans in the amount of up to 45,000 rubles, inclusive, can be provided without collateral; more than 45,000 rubles are required to have collateral for timely and complete fulfillment of obligations by the borrower.
Having analyzed the main economic indicators of Sberbank of Russia for the period from 2013 to 2015, we can draw the following conclusion:
In 2013, the bank's capital increased by 863.3 billion rubles. and in 2015 amounted to 2514.7 billion rubles. Also for the period from 2013 to 2015. Bank assets increased by 6434 billion rubles. Also, over this period, the deposits of individuals increased by 2493.2 billion rubles. and in 2015 amounted to 8781.2 billion rubles. The bank’s profit fell by 419.5 billion rubles. and amounted to 55.2 billion rubles. As a result of the fall in profits, the net profit, which amounted to 48.7 billion rubles, also decreased. The decrease in net profit led to a drop in profitability indicators.
Thus, the activities of Sberbank of Russia PJSC turned out to be less effective compared to previous periods in the process of performing active and passive operations.
Having analyzed the accounting (financial) statements of Sberbank of Russia PJSC, we can draw the following conclusion:
The decrease in net profit for September 30, 2014 compared with the same period in 2013 is mainly due to a significant increase in the cost of creating reserves for loan impairment. The increase in net interest income is due to the growth of interest-earning assets, primarily loans. Net interest income remains the main component of operating income, accounting for 77.6% of total operating income before provisions for the provision for impairment of debt financial assets. Net interest margin decreased in the third quarter of 2014 due to an increase in the cost of funding by 10 basis points, amounting to 5.6%. Fee and commission income from operations with bank cards became a key source of growth, showing an increase of 34.6% compared to the 9 months of 2013. Revenues from servicing settlement transactions of customers also remain an essential component of commission income, accounting for 43.3% of total commission income for 9 months of 2014. The increase in operating income before expenses for the creation of reserves for impairment of debt financial assets is due to an increase in net interest income and net fee and commission income.
The main reason for the increase in operating expenses was an increase in personnel costs as a result of the growth of the Group's business. As the growth of operating income outstripped the growth of operating expenses, the ratio of operating expenses to income improved to 41.5% for 9 months of 2014 compared to 44.8% for the same period of 2013.
The main reasons for the increase in net expenses for the creation of reserves for loan impairment were: a general deterioration in the quality of the loan portfolio amid a slowdown in the Russian economy, in particular the creation of a reserve for possible losses on loans to some large borrowers; depreciation of the ruble, which entailed an increase in the amount of reserves in ruble terms for foreign currency loans, even in the absence of signs of deterioration in credit quality; creation of reserves for loans to Ukrainian borrowers due to the deterioration of the economy of Ukraine.
The main source of growth in total assets is an increase in the loan portfolio. An increase in corporate clients' funds is the main source of this growth. The main source of equity growth was net profit for the reporting period. Thus, the quality of revenue management of Sberbank of Russia OJSC has deteriorated compared to previous reporting periods, which affects the effective work of the bank both when working with Russian citizens and with citizens of other countries such as Ukraine.
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Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution
higher education
AMUR STATE UNIVERSITY
Faculty of Economics
Department of Finance
Direction of preparation 38.03.01 Economics
Profile: Finance and Credit
on the passage of training practice (practice to obtain primary
professional skills, including primary
skills of research activities)
Blagoveshchensk 2017
The report on educational practice contains p., 12 tables, 1 figure, 3 appendices, 13 sources.
CREDIT ORGANIZATION, HORIZONTAL ANALYSIS, VERTICAL ANALYSIS, ACTIVE OPERATIONS, PASSIVE OPE
The research methodology is based on the methods of analysis, synthesis of generalization, monographic method, horizontal and vertical analysis.
The report describes the activities of the object of study, explores the organizational structure of the credit institution, discloses the types of activities, tasks and directions, analyzes the main economic indicators, horizontal and vertical analysis of financial statements, describes the active, passive and cash settlement operations of the credit institution.
Based on the information of the accounting (financial) statements, an analysis of the financial condition is carried out, an assessment of the financial stability of the enterprise, sources of financing activities, factors that affect the financial condition are identified.
Introduction
1. Organizational, legal and economic characteristics of Sberbank PJSC
1.1 Form of incorporation and the main provisions of the Charter of PJSC Sberbank
1.2 Characteristics of the organizational and managerial structures of PJSC Sberbank
1.3 Types of activities of PJSC Sberbank
2. Analysis of the main economic indicators of Sberbank PJSC
2.1 Horizontal analysis of assets and liabilities of Sberbank
2.2 Vertical analysis of assets and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC
3. Description of operations of Sberbank PJSC
3.1 Description of active operations of Sberbank PJSC
3.2 Characteristics of passive operations of Sberbank PJSC
3.3 Description of settlement and cash transactions of PJSC Sberbank
Conclusion
Bibliographic list
application
Introduction
Sberbank of Russia PJSC is the largest bank in the Russian Federation and the CIS. Founded in 1841, Sberbank of Russia PJSC today is a modern universal bank that meets the needs of various customer groups in a wide range of banking services. Sberbank holds the largest share in the deposit market and is the main creditor of the Russian economy. Sberbank of Russia PJSC is a modern universal bank with a large share of private capital. The structure of Sberbank's equity capital testifies to its high investment attractiveness.
The main goal of Sberbank of Russia PJSC is to ensure the growth of investment attractiveness and maintain leadership in the Russian financial services market through the modernization of management and technological processes. To achieve this goal, the activities of Sberbank of Russia PJSC are aimed at improving client policy, creating a flexible effective system for interacting with customers based on the needs of various client groups.
Sberbank of Russia PJSC is a universal commercial bank that meets the needs of various groups of customers in a wide range of high-quality banking services throughout Russia. Acting in the interests of depositors, customers and shareholders, Sberbank of Russia PJSC seeks to effectively invest borrowed funds of private and corporate clients in the real sector of the economy, lends to citizens, contributes to the stable functioning of the Russian banking system and savings of population deposits.
The main activities of PJSC Sberbank of Russia:
Lending to Russian enterprises;
Lending to private clients;
Investment in government securities and bonds of the Bank of Russia;
Commission operations.
Funds for the implementation of these activities are attracted by the Bank from the following sources: funds of shareholders deposits of private clients; funds of legal entities; other sources, including borrowing in international financial markets.
The purpose of the report is to consolidate the knowledge gained in the process of educational practice and the acquisition of initial practical experience in collecting statistical material and calculating basic economic indicators.
Objectives of the practice report:
Study of the organizational, legal and economic structure of Sberbank;
Study of regulatory documents and types of activities of a credit institution;
Collection, systematization and analysis of the main economic indicators characterizing the activity of the object of study;
The study of active, passive, as well as cash settlement operations of a credit institution.
The research methodology is based on analysis methods, synthesis synthesis, a monographic method, horizontal and vertical analysis of indicators.
The information base of the report is educational and scientific literature, local regulatory acts, organizational documentation, accounting (financial) statements of Sberbank PJSC.
1. Organizational, legal and economic characteristics of PJSC SBERBANK
1.1 Legal form and main provisions of PJSC Sberbank
Sberbank Public Joint-Stock Company is a modern universal commercial bank that meets the needs of various groups of customers in a wide range of banking services.
Sberbank PJSC is part of the banking system of the Russian Federation and is guided in its activities by federal laws, other regulatory legal acts, including regulatory acts of the Bank of Russia and the Charter.
Regulatory documents on the basis of which the activities of a credit organization are regulated, as well as maintaining stability and protecting the interests of depositors and creditors, are Cbr.ru Electronic resource: officer. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017. :
Civil Code of the Russian Federation (parts one and two);
Federal Law of December 2, 1990, No. 395-1 “On Banks and Banking Activities”;
Federal Law of July 10, 2002 No. 86-FZ “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation”;
Federal Law of 08.08.2001 No. 128-ФЗ “On Licensing of Certain Types of Activities”;
Federal Law of December 26, 1995 No. 208-ФЗ On Joint-Stock Companies;
Federal Law of March 26, 1998 No. 41-ФЗ “On Precious Metals and Precious Stones”;
Federal Law of February 25, 1999 No. 40-ФЗ “On the Insolvency (Bankruptcy) of Credit Organizations”;
Federal Law of July 26, 2006 No. 135-ФЗ On Protection of Competition;
Federal Law of March 5, 1999 No. 46-ФЗ “On the Protection of the Rights and Legal Interests of Investors in the Securities Market”;
Bank of Russia Regulation No. 437 dated April 23, 1997 “On the Peculiarities of Registration of Credit Organizations with Foreign Investments and on the Procedure for Obtaining Prior Permission from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation to Increase the Authorized Capital of a Registered Credit Organization at the Cost of Non-Residents”;
Bank of Russia Regulation No. 103-P of December 30, 1999 “On the Procedure for Accounting of Transactions Associated with the Issue and Repayment of Savings and Deposit Certificates by Credit Institutions”.
The activities of Sberbank PJSC are carried out on the basis of the Bank’s Charter.
Name of the bank and its location (postal and legal address);
The list of banking operations performed by him;
The size of the authorized capital, reserve and other funds formed by the bank;
An indication that the bank is a legal entity and operates on a commercial basis;
Data on the bank's governing bodies, the order of formation and functions.
Public Joint Stock Company Sberbank of Russia is a credit institution.
The founder of Sberbank of Russia is the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.
The Bank is a commercial organization, the main purpose of which is to make a profit in carrying out activities in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, including in banking operations.
The management bodies of the Bank are: the General Meeting of Shareholders, the Supervisory Board of the Bank, the collegial executive body - the Management Board of the Bank, the sole executive body - the President, Chairman of the Management Board of the Bank.
Bank shareholders can be legal entities and individuals, including foreign ones. Shareholders are not liable for the obligations of the bank and bear the risk of losses associated with its activities, to the extent of the value of their shares. The Bank is not liable for the obligations of its shareholders. bank economic asset liabilities
Sberbank of Russia is not liable for the obligations of the state and its bodies. He is also not liable for the obligations of the Bank of Russia, and the Bank of Russia is not liable for the obligations of Sberbank of Russia, unless the Bank of Russia has assumed such obligations.
The Bank is entitled to issue, purchase, sell, record, store and perform other operations with securities that perform the functions of a payment document, with securities confirming the attraction of funds in deposits and bank accounts.
Sberbank of Russia has the right to carry out professional activities in the securities market, including brokerage, dealer, and depository.
The authorized capital of Sberbank of Russia is formed in the amount of 67760844000 rubles. It is equal to the total nominal value of the Bank’s shares acquired by Cbr.ru shareholders. Electronic resource: official. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017. .
The Bank placed 21586948000 ordinary shares with a par value of 3 rubles and 1,000,000,000 preferred shares with a par value of 3 rubles.
The authorized capital determines the minimum amount of property of the bank, guaranteeing the interests of its creditors.
The nominal value of placed preferred shares should not exceed 25% of the bank’s charter capital.
All shares of Sberbank of Russia are registered. The Bank placed ordinary shares and preferred shares of the same type - with the mandatory payment of a certain dividend in the amount of not less than 15% of the par value of the preferred share.
Shareholders - owners of preferred shares participate in the General Meeting of Shareholders with the right to vote in deciding on the reorganization or liquidation of the bank, as well as on exempting the bank from the obligation to disclose or provide information provided for by the securities legislation of the Russian Federation.
The Bank has full economic independence in matters of distribution of profit after tax (net profit).
Profit after tax is distributed among shareholders in the form of dividends, is used to form a reserve fund. Profits not directed to dividend payments and to the reserve fund remain at the disposal of the Bank in the form of retained earnings.
The Bank shall form a reserve fund in the amount of at least 5% of the authorized capital.
The reserve fund is formed by annual deductions in the amount of at least 5% of net profit until the established amount is reached.
Decisions on the payment of annual dividends, their amount, are taken by the General Meeting of Shareholders on the recommendation of the Bank’s Supervisory Board. Dividends are paid once a year. Dividends are paid to shareholders in cash, net of tax, within 30 days from the date of the decision to pay dividends.
The Bank pays insurance premiums to the Compulsory Deposit Insurance Fund for individuals by transferring funds.
Sberbank of Russia guarantees the secrecy of transactions, accounts and deposits of customers and correspondents. All employees of Sberbank of Russia are required to strictly observe the secrecy about the operations, accounts and deposits of the bank's customers and its correspondents, as well as the commercial secret of the bank.
The Bank maintains accounting records and provides financial and other statements.
The executive bodies of the bank are responsible for the accuracy of the information contained in the statements of Sberbank of Russia.
The grounds, procedure, forms of reorganization and liquidation of Sberbank of Russia are determined in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.
1.2 characteristics of the organizational and managerial structures of PJSC Sberbank
Organizational structure - a set of bank divisions that perform the functions assigned to them. The purpose of the organizational structure of the management of the functioning of the bank Zhukov E.F. Banks and non-bank credit organizations and their operations. M., 2013.S. 87..
The organizational structure of a commercial bank is determined, first of all, by its organizational and legal form of ownership, which determines the organizational structure of the bank, which, of course, is reflected in the Charter of the bank.
The organizational structure of the bank includes functional units and services of the bank, each of which has certain rights and obligations.
The choice of the optimal organizational structure of the bank is an important condition for the effectiveness of the organization of labor in the bank as a whole, its successful commercial activities.
The main criterion for the organizational structure of the bank is the economic content and volume of operations performed by the bank.
The management structure of the bank includes functional units and services, the number of which is determined by the economic content and volume of operations performed by the bank, which are reflected in the License for banking activities by this bank.
As of December 31, 2016, Sberbank in the Russian Federation has 14 territorial banks, 79 branches of territorial banks and 15,016 customer service points.
The management bodies of Sberbank are: the General Meeting of Shareholders, the Supervisory Board, the Management Board of the Bank. The Board is headed by the President and Chairman of the Board of the Bank.
The organizational structure of Sberbank is presented in Figure 1.
The General Meeting of Shareholders is the highest governing body of Sberbank of Russia. At the General Meeting of Shareholders decisions are made on the main issues of the Bank's activities. It is carried out once a year. The general meeting of shareholders resolves the following issues: approval of the annual report, considers the report of the audit commission, management report, procedure for distributing profit and its use (size and procedure for paying dividends), development plan for the next year, determines the development strategy of the bank, elects the Council of the bank.
Figure 1 - The organizational structure of Sberbank
In accordance with the Charter, the general management of the bank is carried out by the Supervisory Board. The competence of the Supervisory Board includes issues of determining priority areas of the bank’s activities, appointment of members of the Management Board and early termination of their powers, issues of convening and preparing General Meetings of Shareholders, recommendations on the amount of dividends on shares, periodic hearing of reports of the President, Chairman of the Management Board on bank activities and other issues.
The committees of the Supervisory Board are bodies created for the preliminary consideration of the most important issues within the competence of the Supervisory Board and for the preparation of recommendations on them. The formation of Committees is carried out annually from among the members of the Supervisory Board. Each Committee includes independent directors. The committees facilitate working interaction with the management bodies of the bank. The decisions of the Committees are advisory in nature. The committees of the Supervisory Board and their powers are presented in table 1.
Table 1 - Description of the Committees of the Supervisory Board of Cbr.ru Electronic resource: officer. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017.
Committee Name |
Credentials |
|
Audit committee |
Carries out a preliminary assessment of candidates for bank auditors, prepares recommendations to the Supervisory Board for the selection of an audit organization for approval at a general meeting of shareholders, considers the conclusions of the auditor and the Audit Commission, and evaluates the effectiveness of internal control. |
|
HR and Remuneration Committee |
It develops principles and criteria for determining the amount of remuneration for members of the Supervisory Board and executive bodies of the bank, determines the criteria for selecting candidates for members of the Supervisory Board and executive bodies of the bank, and also carries out a preliminary assessment of these candidates |
|
Strategic Planning Committee |
carries out a review and assessment of long-term trends in the development of the banking market, conducts analysis of strategic development projects of the bank, develops proposals for the formation of a bank's risk management policy, analyzes and evaluates the adequacy and effectiveness of bank risk management systems |
Management of current activities of the bank is carried out by the President, Chairman of the Management Board and the Management Board.
The Management Board is a collegial executive management body. The Board tentatively discusses all issues to be considered by the General Meeting of Shareholders and the Bank’s Supervisory Board, determines the bank’s policy in the field of risk management and other areas of activity, discusses reports of the heads of departments of the central office of the bank and heads of territorial banks on the results of activities, organizes the implementation of the most progressive banking technologies; implements projects for the comprehensive automation of banking operations; AET creating a modern banking infrastructure, solve the current issues of the bank.
Bank Committees: the retail lending committee ensures the implementation of the bank’s policy in the field of lending to individuals, the personnel management committee ensures the implementation of the Bank’s development strategy in terms of personnel management, the process and technology committee ensures the implementation of the bank’s development strategy in terms of development of processes and technologies, etc. .d Cbr.ru Electronic resource: official. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017. .
The bank has a permanent collegial working body - the Board of the Bank, which includes members of the Board of the bank, heads of territorial and subsidiary banks. The college is a platform for active discussion of strategic issues of the bank's development and development of optimal solutions that take into account the peculiarities of the regions.
To exercise control over the financial and economic activities of the bank, the Annual General Meeting of Shareholders elects a Revision Commission in the amount of 7 people. The Revision Commission verifies compliance by the bank with legislative and other acts regulating its activities, the establishment of internal control in the bank, and the legality of transactions. The Revision Commission assesses the reliability of the data included in the annual report and contained in the annual financial statements of the bank.
1.3 Types of activities of PJSC Sberbank
Sberbank PJSC was established with the aim of attracting temporarily free cash funds of the population and enterprises, and their effective allocation on the terms of repayment, payment, urgency, in the interests of bank depositors and in the interests of developing the national economy.
The main activities of the Bank Cbr.ru Electronic resource: officer. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017. :
Corporate business - providing services to corporate clients and organizations for servicing settlement and current accounts, opening deposits, providing all types of financing, guarantees, servicing foreign trade operations, collection services, etc .;
Retail business - the provision of banking services to customers - individuals on the acceptance of funds for deposits, lending, servicing bank cards, operations with precious metals, foreign exchange transactions, money transfers, payments, storage of valuables, etc .;
Operations in financial markets - operations with securities, operations for the placement and raising funds in the interbank market, for raising long-term funds in capital markets, operations with foreign currency and derivative financial instruments, as well as other operations in financial markets.
Within the framework of these areas of activity, Sberbank offers its customers a wide range of banking products and services.
Sberbank of Russia carries out the following banking operations there. :
Attraction of funds of individuals and legal entities (call and demand);
Placement of attracted funds on its own behalf and at its own expense;
Opening and maintaining bank accounts of individuals and legal entities;
Money transfers on behalf of individuals and legal entities, including correspondent banks, to their bank accounts;
Collection of cash, bills, payment and settlement documents and cash services to individuals and legal entities;
Purchase and sale of foreign currency in cash and non-cash forms;
Attraction of deposits and placement of precious metals;
Issuance of bank guarantees;
Money transfers without opening bank accounts, including electronic money (except for mail transfers).
In addition to banking operations, the Bank carries out the following transactions Cbr.ru Electronic resource: officer. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017. :
The issuance of guarantees for third parties providing for the fulfillment of obligations in cash;
Acquisition of the right to demand from third parties the performance of obligations in cash;
Trust management of cash and other property under an agreement with individuals and legal entities;
Operations with precious metals and precious stones in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation;
Leasing to individuals and legal entities of special premises or safes located in them for storing documents and valuables;
Leasing operations;
Providing consulting and information services.
The Blagoveshchensk branch of Sberbank of Russia provides services for individuals and legal entities: consumer, educational, mortgage, car loans, credit cards, credit refinancing. It accepts deposits and deposits: term deposit, online deposit, payment deposit, savings certificate, DIA payments, deposit compensation, as well as search of accounts. The Blagoveshchensk branch is part of the Far Eastern Bank with a central office in Khabarovsk, which serves the population and business in the Khabarovsk, Primorsky Territories, Amur and Sakhalin Regions, the Jewish Autonomous Region Cbr.ru Electronic resource: officer. site. - 05/17/2010. - Access mode: www.cbr.ru. - September 29, 2017. .
2. Analysis of the main economic indicators of PJSC SBERBANK
2.1 Horizontal analysis of assets, equity and liabilities of Sberbank
Using horizontal analysis, we study the change in the total balance sheet of Sberbank over time. Let us follow the changes that occurred in the previous and previous years.
In the table, based on the accounting statements presented in the appendix, a horizontal analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC was carried out.
Table 2 - a horizontal analysis of the assets of Sberbank
Indicator values |
Horizontal analysis |
||||
Absolute change |
Relative change,% |
||||
Assets, total |
|||||
Cash |
|||||
In the Central Bank of the Russian Federation |
|||||
Required reserves |
|||||
Net loan debt |
|||||
Net investments in securities and other financial assets available |
|||||
Deferred tax asset |
|||||
Other assets |
Having examined the horizontal analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC, it can be seen that the volume of assets as of 01.01.2017 decreased by 985 837 610 million rubles compared to the previous period. or 4.54%. This is due to a decrease in cash by 19.18%, funds of credit institutions by 2.31%, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss by 187.23%, net investments in securities and other financial assets available in stock for sale at 2.06%.
At the same time, as of January 1, 2017, as compared with January 1, 2016, the funds of credit institutions in the Central Bank increased by 39.34%, required reserves by 23.49%, investments in subsidiaries and affiliates by 22.43%, and Also, non-current assets held for sale increased by 22.33%.
Table 3 provides a horizontal analysis of equity and liabilities of Sberbank.
Table 3 - Horizontal analysis of equity and liabilities of Sberbank
Indicator values |
Horizontal analysis |
||||
Absolute change |
Relative change,% |
||||
Credit institution funds |
|||||
Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss |
|||||
Other liabilities |
|||||
Provisions for possible losses on contingent liabilities of a credit nature, other possible losses and operations with residents of offshore zones |
|||||
Total obligations |
|||||
Sources of equity |
|||||
Share premium |
|||||
Reserve fund |
|||||
Revaluation at fair value of securities |
|||||
From this table it is seen that the liabilities of Sberbank as of 01.01.2017 compared to the previous periods decreased by 1486605889 million rubles. or 7.87%.
This is due to a decrease in loans, deposits and other funds of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation by 0.32%, funds of credit institutions by 0.69%, funds of customers who are not credit organizations by 4.98%, financial liabilities at fair value through profit or a loss of 112.08%, issued debt obligations of 6.02%, deferred tax obligations of 422.13%.
Having examined the horizontal analysis of Sberbank's equity capital, we can conclude that, as of January 1, 2017, sources of equity increased by 500,768,279 million rubles as compared to the previous period. or 17.7%. This is due to an increase in income from revaluation of securities at fair value by 216.36%, there was also an increase in retained earnings of previous years by 7.99% and unused profit for the reporting period by 56.17%.
2.2 Vertical analysis of assets, equity and liabilities of Sberbank
Using vertical analysis, we consider the structure of the final data of the balance sheet in the form of relative values, and also analyze the change in the balance sheet items compared to previous years.
In table 4, on the basis of the financial statements presented in the appendix, a vertical analysis of the assets of Sberbank
Table 4 - Vertical analysis of the assets of Sberbank
Indicator values |
Vertical analysis |
||||
Assets, total |
|||||
Cash |
|||||
Required reserves |
|||||
Funds in credit organizations |
|||||
Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss |
|||||
Net loan debt |
|||||
Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale |
|||||
Investments in subsidiaries and affiliates |
|||||
Net investment in held-to-maturity securities |
|||||
Current income tax requirements |
|||||
Deferred tax asset |
|||||
Fixed assets, intangible assets and inventories |
|||||
Non-current assets held for sale |
|||||
Other assets |
Having examined the vertical analysis of the assets of Sberbank PJSC, we can conclude that as of 01.01.2017, a large share of the total assets is net ship debt of 74.68%. The same can be said about 2016, net ship debt is 74.29%.
Net investments in securities and other financial assets available for sale as of January 1, 2017 in the total assets amount to 10.45%, funds of credit organizations in the Central Bank of the Russian Federation - 4.45%. The smallest share in the total assets are long-term assets held for sale - 0.03%.
In table 5, on the basis of the financial statements presented in the appendix, a vertical analysis of equity and liabilities of Sberbank PJSC is carried out.
Table 5 - Vertical analysis of equity and liabilities of Sberbank
Indicator values |
Vertical analysis |
||||
Total obligations |
|||||
Loans, deposits and other funds of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation |
|||||
Credit institution funds |
|||||
Due to customers other than credit organizations |
|||||
Deposits (funds) of individuals, including individual entrepreneurs |
|||||
Fair value financial liabilities |
|||||
Debt obligations issued |
|||||
Current income tax liability |
|||||
Deferred tax liability |
|||||
Other liabilities |
|||||
Provisions for possible losses on credit related commitments |
|||||
Sources of equity |
|||||
Total equity sources |
|||||
Funds of shareholders (participants) |
|||||
Own shares (shares) repurchased from shareholders |
|||||
Share premium |
|||||
Reserve fund |
|||||
Revaluation at fair value of securities available for sale |
|||||
Revaluation of fixed assets reduced by deferred tax liability |
|||||
Revaluation of long-term consideration obligations |
|||||
Revaluation of Hedging Instruments |
|||||
Cash Free Funds |
|||||
Retained earnings of previous years |
|||||
Unused profit for the reporting period |
The table shows that as of 01.01.2017, the largest share in the total amount of liabilities is held by funds of customers who are not credit organizations - 89.36%. Then 57.89% belongs to deposits of individuals, including individual entrepreneurs. The smallest share in the bank's liabilities is held by the current income tax liabilities - 0.03%. In 2016, the largest share also amounted to funds of customers who are not credit organizations - 86.97%, then 50.16% belongs to deposits of individuals, as well as individual entrepreneurs.
Having examined the vertical analysis of sources of equity, we can conclude that as of 01.01.2017, the largest share in the total volume is retained earnings of past years - 68.79%. Unused profit for the reporting period is 17.61%. The smallest share in the total amount of equity is the funds of the reserve fund - 0.12%.
3. Description of operations of PJSC SBERBANK
3.1 Description of active operations of Sberbank
Active operations of the Savings Bank are related to the provision of loans to banks, organizations and the public within the limits of the resources at its disposal. Also active operations include all types of operations with securities. The implementation of active operations leads to an increase in cash in active accounts, reflecting cash, bank loans, investments in equipment, buildings, securities, etc.
Active operations include:
Operations on the placement of funds in securities;
Interbank lending;
Loans to legal entities and individuals.
When lending to legal entities, Sberbank of Russia adheres to the following areas:
1 Support for the following industries and sectors of the economy:
Industries that guarantee the satisfaction of the daily and most vital necessities of the population (retail chains, pharmacies, etc.);
Industries that perform life-supporting functions (electricity and water supply, transport, etc.);
Military-industrial complex;
Small business;
Agriculture.
2 Support for existing customers of Sberbank of Russia and fulfillment by the Bank of legal obligations already undertaken for lending under the concluded agreements, support for borrowers of the Bank, the continuity of which is critical for other borrowers of Sberbank of Russia.
3 Lending to current assets and current needs of the business of customers.
With respect to individuals, Sberbank of Russia follows the following priorities:
It increases the availability of loans by offering various methods of repaying them - in equal monthly (annuity) or differentiated payments, with the obligatory explanation of the clients of all the possibilities and limitations of a particular type of payments;
Helps customers to avoid taking on excessive debt burden, increasing attention to individual solvency when issuing new loans;
Retains the entire line of retail loan products and continues to optimize it, given the need to maintain the quality of the loan portfolio;
Provides increased financial literacy of the population, consultations and clarifications on all products and services of the bank;
Strengthens work to maintain and improve the quality of the loan portfolio, carefully assessing the financial capabilities of borrowers and the proposed collateral.
Sberbank PJSC provides the following types of loans:
1) consumer credit;
2) mortgage loan;
3) credit cards.
Consumer loan - a loan provided directly to citizens (households) for the purchase of consumer goods. Such a loan is taken not only for the purchase of durable goods (apartments, furniture, cars, etc.), but also for other purchases (mobile phones, household appliances, food). It appears either in the form of a sale of goods with deferred payment, or in the form of a bank loan for consumer purposes, including through credit cards. A rather high percentage is charged.
Table 6 shows the characteristic of consumer loans of PJSC Sberbank
Table 6 - Characteristics of consumer loans of PJSC Sberbank
Type of consumer loan |
Description |
Credit amount |
Interest rate |
Credit term |
|
Unsecured consumer credit |
A loan is provided for any purpose without collateral and surety |
Up to 3,000,000 rubles. |
From 13.9% per year |
||
Consumer loan guaranteed by individuals |
It is issued under the guarantee of two persons meeting the criteria for the borrower |
Up to 5,000,000 rubles. |
From 12.9% per year |
||
Out of credit secured by real estate |
The main condition is the guarantee of your own real estate. |
Up to 10,000,000 rubles. Must not exceed 70% of the appraised value of the property |
From 12% per year |
||
Consumer loan to military personnel - participants of the NIS (funded mortgage system) |
For any purpose, including as an additional payment for the purchased apartment |
Maximum loan amount: 500 000 rub. (without security), 1 000 000 rub. (with execution of guarantee of an individual). |
13.5% (with security), 14.5% (without security). |
||
Loan to individuals conducting personal subsidiary plots |
Special loan program for owners of personal subsidiary plots. |
Not more than 1,500,000 rubles. per farm |
|||
Consumer Refinancing Loan |
Loan refinancing loan. |
Up to 3,000,000 rubles. |
13.9% and 14.9% per year |
The annex provides a list of requirements for borrowers and the required documents for each type of consumer loan. Mortgage loan - the provision of a long-term loan secured by real estate (land, housing, etc.). Table 7 provides a description of mortgage loans of Sberbank PJSC.
Table 7 - Description of mortgage loans of PJSC Sberbank
Type of mortgage loan |
Description |
Credit amount |
Interest rate |
Credit term |
|
Acquisition of finished housing |
Loan for the purchase of an apartment or other residential premises in the secondary real estate market. |
From 300 000 rub. |
From 8.9% per year |
||
Promotion on new buildings |
Loan for the purchase of housing under construction or housing in a finished new building from the seller. |
From 300 000 rub. |
From 7.5% per year |
||
Mortgage Plus Maternity Capital |
When purchasing a home on credit, maternity capital funds can be used as an initial contribution. |
From 300 000 rub. |
From 8.9% per year |
||
Residential building |
Loan for individual construction of a residential building. |
From 300 000 rub. |
From 10% per year |
||
country estate |
A loan for the purchase, construction of a summer house (garden house) and other consumer buildings. |
From 300 000 rub. |
From 9.5% per year |
||
Military mortgage |
A loan for the purchase of an apartment, house or other residential premises in the secondary real estate market, as well as for the acquisition in the primary real estate market. |
Up to 2,200,000 rubles. |
10, 9% per year |
The annex presents the requirements for borrowers and the required documents for each type of mortgage loan.
The technology for issuing loans at Sberbank is presented in table 8.
Table 8 - Technology for issuing loans
Name |
Characteristic |
|
Duration of consideration loan application |
Within 2 business days from the date of submission to the Bank of a full package of documents. |
|
Loan procedure |
A loan is granted at a time, no later than 30 calendar days from the date of adoption by the Bank of a positive decision on the provision of a loan. The actual date of the loan is the date the loan was credited to the bank card account opened with PJSC Sberbank. |
|
Loan repayment procedure |
Annuity (equal) payments. |
|
Partial or full early repayment of a loan |
It is carried out at the request of the Bank branch. The application must contain the date of prepayment, the amount and the account from which the funds will be transferred. The application for early repayment is executed on the early repayment date specified in the application, which can occur both on a working day and on a weekend or holiday. The minimum amount of prepayment is unlimited. No prepayment fee is charged. |
|
Penalty for untimely repayment of a loan |
The penalty for late repayment of a consumer loan is 20% per annum from the amount of the late payment for the delay period from the date following the date of fulfillment of the obligation established by the Agreement to the date of repayment of the Overdue debt under the Agreement (inclusive). Penalty for untimely repayment of a mortgage loan corresponds to the size of the Bank of Russia key rate |
Credit card - a bank payment card designed to carry out transactions, the calculations of which are carried out exclusively at the expense of the funds provided by the bank to the client within the established limit in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement.
Table 9 presents the characteristics of Sberbank credit cards and the requirements applicable to borrowers.
Table 9 - Characteristics of Sberbank PJSC credit cards and requirements applicable to borrowers
Type of credit card |
Description |
Service cost |
Credit |
Loan interest |
Customer requirements |
|
Classic MasterCard |
Credit Card For Daily Use |
From 0 to 750 rubles. in year |
Up to 600,000 rubles. |
From 23.9% to 27.9% per year |
Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years, permanent registration on the territory of the Russian Federation. |
|
Gold MasterCard |
Credit card for daily use, including a set of additional services, special offers and discounts |
From 0 to 3000 rub. in year |
Up to 600,000 rubles. |
From 23.9% to 27.9% per year |
Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation. |
|
Premium MasterCard World Black Edition |
A credit card will allow you to return up to 10% of the cost of purchases with bonuses THANKS |
4900 rub. in year |
Up to 3,000,000 rubles. |
From 21.9% per year |
Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration in the territory of the Russian Federation, total work experience of at least 1 year over the past 5 years and work at the current place of at least 6 months |
|
Classic Visa Aeroflot Card |
Credit card allows you to accumulate Aeroflot Bonus miles and exchange them for award tickets of Aeroflot airline or Sky Team alliance companies |
900 rub in year |
Up to 600,000 rubles. |
23.9% to 27.9% |
Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation, total work experience of at least 1 year over the past 5 years and working period at the current place of at least 6 months. |
|
Gold Visa Aeroflot Card |
Credit card allows you to earn Aeroflot Bonus miles and enjoy special offers |
3500 rub. in year |
Up to 600,000 rubles. |
From 23.9% to 27.9% per year |
Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years inclusive, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation. |
|
Aeroflot Visa Signature Premium Card |
Credit card allowing you to earn more Aeroflot Bonus miles |
12 000 rub. in year |
From 300,000 to 3,000,000 rubles. |
21.9% per year |
Citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years inclusive, permanent or temporary registration on the territory of the Russian Federation |
|
Classic Visa Card “Give Life” |
50% of the cost of the first year of service and 0.3% of each purchase go to a charity fund |
From 0 to 900 rub. in year |
Up to 600,000 rubles. |
From 23.9% to 27.9% per year |
citizenship of the Russian Federation, age from 21 years to 65 years, permanent or temporary registration in the territory of the Russian Federation, total work experience of at least 1 year over the past 5 years and a term of work at the current place of work of at least 6 months. |
A credit card can be issued at any branch of Sberbank PJSC. Required documents for registration: passport of the Russian Federation and application form for a credit card. Loan term - 3 years.
Thus, Sberbank PJSC provides a wide range of lending services, taking into account the needs of various client groups.
3.2 Characteristics of passive operations of PJSC Sberbank
Deposit operations - this is the bank’s operations to raise funds of legal entities and individuals in deposits either for a certain period or on demand.
Considering the bank’s deposit policy as one of the elements of the banking policy as a whole, it is necessary to proceed from the fact that the main goal of the deposit policy is to attract as much money as possible at the lowest price.
The successful implementation of this multifaceted goal of the bank’s deposit policy presupposes solving in the process of its formation such tasks as:
Assistance in the process of conducting deposit operations to obtain bank profits or create conditions for future profits;
Maintaining the required level of bank liquidity;
Ensuring diversification of subjects of deposit operations and a combination of different forms of deposits;
Maintenance of interconnection and mutual coordination between deposit operations and operations on granting loans on the amounts and terms of deposits and credit investments;
Minimization of available funds in deposit accounts;
A flexible interest rate policy;
Constant search of ways and means of reducing interest expenses on attracted resources;
Development of banking services and improving the quality and culture of customer service.
The successful implementation of the goals and objectives that the bank sets in the process of development and implementation of the deposit policy largely depends on the effectiveness of the functioning of the mechanism for forming a deposit policy.
Each of the stages in the formation of the deposit policy of Sberbank is directly related to the others and is mandatory for the formation of an optimal deposit policy and the proper organization of the deposit process. In the process of developing the mechanism of the deposit policy of the bank, various structural divisions of the bank take part.
By maturity, deposits are divided into demand deposits and term deposits.
Demand deposit - under the agreement, the credit organization undertakes to return the invested funds at any time upon the customer's first request. Since the bank does not accept deposits for a certain period, the rate on such a deposit is minimal - on average no more than 0.1%.
Fixed-term deposit - deposits are placed for a specified period specified in the contract. The most common deposits are for three, six months or one year. In order to get the full interest rate, you need to keep money in the deposit for the entire duration of the agreement. Otherwise, the bank will return the deposit, but with a significantly reduced percentage - as a rule, at the level of the rate on demand deposits.
Time deposits can, in turn, be divided into separate subspecies according to their purpose: savings, savings or settlement. The simplest of them is savings. For such a deposit, replenishment and partial withdrawal operations are prohibited. Savings deposits tend to have the highest rates.
Savings deposits are designed for those who would like to replenish the deposit during the term of the contract. They are intended for those who would like to save up some large sum (for example, for an expensive purchase).
The settlement deposit allows the client to maintain, to one degree or another, control over their money, manage their savings, making income or expense transactions. Another name for this type of deposit is universal deposits. Settlement deposits are also replenished and expendable.
Types of deposits may also differentiate depending on who they are intended for.
The contribution for individuals is intended for ordinary citizens. Such deposits are covered by the deposit insurance system.
Contribution for legal entities - type of deposit calculated for organizations. Using it, companies place temporarily free cash. By agreement between the bank and the legal entity, early withdrawal of funds from the deposit may be prohibited, and this does not contradict the current legislation. In addition, deposits of legal entities are not subject to the deposit insurance system.
Special contributions are usually offered to a narrower group of individuals.
For example, banks can develop special products for seniors, students, etc. At Sberbank, this type of deposit includes the Social deposit. This is a special contribution for children without parental care. The deposit is issued for 3 years, the minimum amount is 1 ruble, the interest rate is 4, 06% in rubles.
Table 10 - Description of term deposits for individuals in Sberbank
Type of deposit |
Description |
Minimum deposit amount |
Interest rate |
Deposit term |
|
Save Online Deposit |
Online contribution for reliable saving and guaranteed income. |
4.05% to 5.63% |
From 1 month to 3 years inclusive |
||
Deposit "Replenish Online" |
A replenished deposit for those who prefer to save and regularly save their money. |
3.95% to 5.12% |
|||
Contribution “Manage Online” |
Online deposit for free cash management with the ability to use part of the funds without loss of interest. |
3.25% to 4.82% |
From 3 months to 3 years inclusive |
||
“Give life” contribution |
Contribution to help children with severe illnesses. Every 3 months, Sberbank transfers to the Give Life charity fund an amount of 0.3% per annum of the deposit amount |
||||
savings account |
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