Basic engineering communications in the house. Engineering systems design
It is difficult to imagine a modern person without a comfortable living environment. When constructing a country house, it should be remembered that engineering Communication - cold and hot water supply, ventilation, gas supply, sewerage, heating, power supply, cannot be left last. They must be taken care of in advance, otherwise the construction of the house will turn into continuous alterations that will lead to significant financial costs and loss of precious time.
Not a cheap event, the purchase of equipment and its installation is about 15-20% of the cost of building a house. Based on this, first of all (at the stage of development of the architectural project), it is necessary to order the development of the corresponding project so that the engineering systems work smoothly during long-term operation.
It is good when, when developing a project, engineering networks will be considered in different versions, in order to find the most suitable and economically viable. The project for engineering networks must be agreed upon with all interested organizations, and the project organization that completed the project has an appropriate license for this type of activity. Designed engineering networks should also not violate the requirements of applicable regulatory documents and orders of local government bodies.
Engineering systems You should also correctly mount and link them together. In addition, you need to consider how to hide the utilities in the construction of the house as much as possible. For example, all ventilation ducts and pipelines, electrical wiring should be recessed into the walls at the stage of their construction, otherwise you will have to install hinged systems, reducing the useful area of \u200b\u200bthe premises. Network engineering domestic hot water and heating in the first place depend on the type of boiler or water heater selected.
The boiler selection criterion is the heated area of \u200b\u200ba country house or cottage, the number of people living, the place of its installation and other indicators. The heat distribution function in the house is performed by radiators and pipelines.
Water supply engineering communications can be connected from a common water supply system or from a well or a well. The pump is the main element for water supply. The power and type of pump (submersible or centrifugal) is selected based on the calculations made, which take into account the depth of the aquifer, the distance to the consumer and the required pressure. To maintain constant pressure, water supply systems use water supply stations operating in automatic mode.
For engineering systems to work reliably and for a long time, you should invite highly qualified specialists who will perform the installation of communications, commissioning and provide warranty service for the equipment.
In a modern private cottage there are quite a few types of systems that should perform their direct functions, not interfere with each other, but complement, be connected into a single infrastructure or automation system. Therefore, it is important that the design of the engineering networks of houses is carried out in close cooperation of the entire project team, in order to avoid collisions in the project.
The cost of designing engineering networks, as mentioned earlier, depends on the amount of work performed, its complexity, ramification and functional features of any individual system. In country houses, these types of networks are created:
- Power supply of various permanent and temporary consumers of electricity.
- Lighting - the creation of systems that provide a sufficient amount of artificial light.
- Normal ventilation, garage and smoke control.
- Air conditioning of all or just selected rooms.
- Water supply - outlet pipes to consumers: bathrooms, toilets, kitchen, pool, sauna, lawn watering, stationary car wash.
- Sewerage, both for the removal of drains from the house, and storm, drainage;
- Design of engineering systems of a country house aimed at security (video surveillance, burglar alarm, fire fighting equipment).
- Heating with the creation of water and / or electric circuits, up to heating a parking space, paths, roofs, underfloor heating, etc.
- Low-current systems: television, telephone networks, the Internet, intra-house communications.
- A gas pipeline, which although it is not everywhere, is most often used for heating systems due to lower costs for heating a house in comparison with many other options.
Designing engineering networks at home: heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC)
In the last decade, the autonomy and environmental friendliness of suburban residences is gaining popularity. Our customers are also increasingly paying attention to such solutions, which, although they are somewhat more expensive, but in the long term bring more benefits and enjoyment from living, reliably serve for years. An equally important point is the high-quality functional combination of heating and ventilation systems.
Designing the engineering networks of the house for ventilation, includes:
- Forced change of air masses due to the installation of ventilation equipment of the required power - blowers, fans, mines.
- Natural ventilation, which works due to the pressure difference inside the house and outside.
- Design of engineering systems of cottages to provide enhanced automated ventilation of critical areas and places with high humidity: garage, boiler room, sauna, gym, basement.
- The use of bioactive filters and fine filters to improve indoor air quality, creating the optimal microclimate.
The design of cottage engineering systems in terms of heating depends on its type, justified economically and technically, the ability and desire to connect to centralized networks or create an autonomous system:
- The stove system - with the simplest and cheapest type of fuel, but also requiring increased attention and control, and heating the house is not very fast.
- Convectors, heaters are a simple, convenient, but often very expensive way to heat a home with electrical appliances, although for some cottages it will be quite appropriate.
- An air system is a low cost in the process of both installation and operation, but it is necessary to carefully design the engineering system at the stage of creating a house project, since it will not be possible to attach it later.
- Water system - ease of operation and various types of energy carriers for heating water (or connection to central networks), higher costs for design and installation, however, the efficiency of the systems is also higher.
Engineering systems design services: water supply and sewerage (VK)
Designing engineering systems in Moscow and the Moscow Region by the efforts of InnovaStroy specialists allows you to choose a variety of network options that will meet your requirements, provide a comfortable stay, and will only need a scheduled inspection. Again, the type of system used depends on the ability to connect to central networks or create an autonomous network.
Water supply and sewage systems include:
- Creating an independent water intake from an artesian well with the organization of sedimentation tanks, filters and storage tanks, or inserting into existing water supply networks.
- Distribution of water engineering networks of the cottage, the design of which is carried out on a three-dimensional model, in order to arrange pipelines in an optimal way.
- Selection of components, parts of the expansion system, locking and distribution equipment, etc.
- The withdrawal of sewage into an external network, or the organization of local treatment systems, most often of which, based on a combination of factors, use septic tanks.
The development and design of engineering systems is always first carried out on computers, and then paper copies of drawings and diagrams are created for submission to supervisory authorities. When creating systems, it is extremely important to adhere to regulatory documentation, the requirements of SNiPs and GOSTs, as well as to comply with the necessary specifications issued by the resource supplying organization.
Designing engineering systems of a private house: electricity and lighting (EA)
Professional engineers of our company monitor changes in state standards that relate to the methods of building networks and their requirements. Design of engineering networks in Moscow and the Moscow Region should be based on specific technical conditions (TU) issued by electricity sales organizations upon your request for connection. Electricity supply includes:
- The layout of the power network, with the calculation of providing the necessary power and ease of operation for each consumer.
- The design scheme of the wiring of the lighting network inside the building based on the standards of the health authorities, design and design decisions, if necessary, with the possibility of automatic adjustment or remote control.
- Outdoor lighting of the territory of varying intensity, depending on the architectural project and landscape design.
- Schematic diagram of electrical wiring and a plan for the placement of electrical equipment, sockets, switches and electrical outputs with wiring.
- Specification of equipment, materials, all their technical characteristics.
Design of engineering systems of a private house: low-current systems (SS)
Design and construction of engineering networks also includes the organization of wiring low-voltage systems:
- Communication - all types of networks that are designed for permanent access to cable systems: telephony, Internet. The company InnovaStroy conducts such design of engineering systems on the basis of the requirements of service providers and standard standards for this activity.
- Television and radio broadcasting - engineering network design services extend to the development and installation of satellite dishes, the calculation of the characteristics and location of the necessary equipment, the distribution of cables to all consumers.
Automation of premises and processes: entrance and garage doors, video surveillance, alarm, fire extinguishing systems.
Integrated engineering systems design
There is the only reliable way to make cheaper the design of engineering systems, the cost of which will cover construction and installation work - this is the creation of "turnkey" networks, a range of works from the concept and design to commissioning activities.
For many years, InnovaStroy specialists have been creating reliable and efficient networks that require only periodic scheduled inspection. For the design of engineering systems, prices are based on functional complexity and ramification, selective or complete set of design work for this section and the features of the house project itself.
Depending on your wishes and the conditions of the area where your house will be located, we will calculate and offer the best solutions for a comfortable, safe stay, trouble-free coordination by government agencies, as well as minimizing further operating costs.
A modern country house is inconceivable without the effective functioning of engineering systems. Comfortable conditions are a reliable water, gas and electricity supply, as well as high-quality heating and sewage. In addition, in order to create conditions in the house that meet hygienic requirements, it is necessary to take care of the organization of the ventilation system. The organization that is developing the engineering communications project must have a license for this type of activity.
Sewer Network Design - Choosing the Type of System
When developing a project for engineering communications of a country house, one of the most important parts is the design of outdoor sewer networks. At the same time, the volume of effluents that the system will divert daily is calculated. In addition, the average indicators in the operation of the sewage system are calculated. Analyzing the data, engineers determine what the optimal capacity of the sewer storage system is, as well as what type of sewage system should be used (a septic tank or a station that provides autonomous biological treatment).
When developing a project of outdoor sewage at home, the average indicators of the volume of storm drains in the region are mandatory. When determining the volume of the sewer storage, experts proceed from the fact that it is more rational to exceed this indicator, since if the indicator is underestimated, further measures will have to be taken to remodel the waste water disposal system.
A separate part of the sewer network project is assigned to the development of a project for laying sewer communications inside the house, which also includes the placement of sanitary equipment.
Water Project - Autonomous Water Systems
If it is possible to connect the house to a centralized water supply, the development of a house project with utilities is simplified, since the task is to develop the location of the pipeline system and coordinate this part of the project with the body (Vodokanal) responsible for supplying water to the population.
In the standard design of an autonomous home water supply system, it is currently planned to install the following special equipment:
- a pump that will draw water from the well,
- water purification unit
- accumulator
- piping system of an external water supply network,
- piping system of the internal water supply network.
Engineering documentation of the water supply system is presented in the form of diagrams that provide detailed information on how hot and cold water will be supplied to consumers.
Types of work in the design of gas supply at home
The design of engineering communications for gas supply at home is carried out in several stages:
- At the beginning of work on the project to ensure access to the main gas pipeline, specialists of the design organization should inspect the facility, determine its features, calculate the planned gas consumption for the year and the consumption limit.
- At the next stage, pipes are laid through which gas will flow to the house and gas pressure is determined at the entrance to the customer’s house.
- The features of laying an external gas supply network are determined, which will provide the connection of the house with the gas main.
- Development of the design of gas control units, providing the possibility of lowering the gas pressure at the inlet.
- Development of a gas purification system (installation of filters).
- Drawing up drawings.
- Obtaining approval from the gas company to which you plan to connect.
Development of a project for heating a country house
When designing the heating system of a country house, the task is necessarily to create a thermal system of the house, which should be characterized by optimal efficiency. When drawing up a competent heating system design, a specialized company, as a rule, offers different options that are considered the most effective in specific conditions.
If it is possible to connect to the main gas pipeline, then the connection scheme will be designed to connect to it. If there is no gas line, then it is necessary to determine what type of fuel is supposed to be used to ensure the functioning of the heating system.
The project indicates all special equipment and places where it will be located. If you plan to install a universal boiler, then you can use different types of fuel. However, experts recommend installing specialized heating boilers that are designed to operate on a specific type of fuel (for example, solid fuel, liquid fuel boilers).
Currently, boilers are popular that provide heating of the air and its transmission through pipes. Such devices operate on solid fuel (wood, briquettes). Experts say that this is a highly efficient equipment.
To create a heating system in the house, a warm floor system can also be used. But to create an effective heating system in a country house using underfloor heating, it will be necessary to provide sealing of the adjoining windows to the window openings, as well as take measures to insulate all rooms.
Ventilation Design - Ensuring a Normal Air Environment
- This is one of the most important systems, the normal functioning of which ensures the state of the air environment in accordance with hygiene requirements. When designing a ventilation project, the type that will allow this system to function with the greatest efficiency is determined. Therefore, a particularly important part of the design of this system is the selection of special equipment. An accurate calculation of the air distribution network is necessarily carried out, an accurate diagram of the ventilation system and a specification for the equipment are drawn up.
Thus, the communications project of a private house is an obligatory part of the project documentation of the house, which must be developed by specialists and pass all necessary approvals before construction begins.
Video - Engineering communications for a country house
Today it is no longer necessary to choose between comfort in a city apartment and the charm of life outside a noisy city, because now engineering communications in a country house can even exceed the characteristics of those in the city. It is possible to organize high-quality engineering infrastructure even if there are no centralized networks in the region of a country house. If you entrust the compilation of the project and its implementation into reality for professionals, then the owners of a country house will not have any problems with their operation. Today it is not a problem to order such services inexpensively, and you can buy everything you need to organize a heating system, water supply and other things in any hardware store.
To order the installation of utilities in a country house - call +7 495 205-205-2
To conduct communications in a country house price
It is worth noting that before conducting communications to a country house the price of which depends on many factors, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the basic nuances of designing these very communications.
Of course, the best option would be to lay all communications at the stage of construction of a private house. All engineering networks are initially included in the project of the future home, so there are no problems with their organization. But sometimes it is simply impossible to do. It often happens that a house is bought ready to move in, but there is a desire to remake it to your liking. Or it may be such that all communications initially lacked the funds, so they will be organized gradually. Sometimes this process can drag on for several years.
If you entrust all the necessary work to specialists, then they will be able to perform any task that relates to laying communications even in a finished house. At the same time, they can use such methods that minimize the need for analysis of the main structures of the house. But still you need to be prepared for the fact that you will have to put up with some inconvenience in any case.
How much are communications in a country house
Many country life lovers are immediately interested in how much communication costs in a country house? In fact, the answer to this question will be possible only after the draft is completed. Its implementation should be entrusted to the specialists of the design bureau. Only a specialized company is able to clearly and competently perform such work. She has for this not only the necessary licenses, but also extensive experience, and the higher it is, the better the result.
In order to create a plan for future communications, you need a plan of the house itself, as well as a conversation with its owners. Features laying communications depend not only on the layout of the house, but also on the lifestyle of the owners. In simple words, it takes into account the number of people living in a country house, what water and energy-consuming equipment and so on are used. In addition to this, is taken into account the moment in which the country house is being used - as permanent or seasonal housing? By answering these and many other questions, it will be possible to develop the most optimal project for laying communications for a country house.
Engineering communications in a private house
As a rule, future engineering communications in a private house, namely their arrangement, begins with the creation of a preliminary design. It indicates all the engineering systems of the house that will fully meet the characteristics of the house itself and the requirements of the owner.
Based on the draft, a technical task is being developed for the design of future communications in the house. After that, you can engage in budgeting, thanks to which the owner of a country house can specifically see how much it will cost such a pleasure. Of course, the rationale for the use of certain materials is prescribed here, drawings of future communications are made, and the main components are detailed. It is worth noting that not everyone can organize accurate drawings. They should be not only accurate, but also as detailed as possible. The length of the pipeline, the location of the control valves and other details are indicated here.
Remarkably, the communications of a country house and a traditional city apartment are different. Even because the area of \u200b\u200bcountry houses is much larger than the average apartment, and therefore the load on the systems here will be higher. It is not difficult to guess that in this case, engineering communications in a country house should be equipped with more powerful and reliable equipment. In addition, in some regions there are no backbone networks, and therefore in this case you have to look for alternative solutions.
The cost of utilities in a private house
It is worth noting that the cost of utilities in a private house depends not only on the amount of work, but also on the qualifications of specialists, as well as the materials used. We can say with confidence that it is not worth saving on utilities. Not only the comfort of living in a country house, but also people's health depends on their quality.
It is quite difficult to indicate the exact cost of a particular service. It all depends on the prices of companies that are engaged in similar work. In order to choose a truly reliable engineering company, you need to focus on the following points:
- Qualification of the working group;
- Range of services provided;
- Service cost;
- Reviews about the company;
- Company experience;
- Used equipment during operation.
Turnkey cottage communications
If the need to save money lies not only in the desire, but also in the hopelessness of the situation, then the best option would be to order communications at the turnkey cottage. An integrated approach to organizing communications of a country house will cost less than dividing this process into several stages. In addition, the longer the need to postpone the need to complete a task, the more expensive it will cost, because the prices for materials become more and more every year. Another advantage of this service is that only one company will be engaged in the implementation of all work, and therefore all its actions will be correctly coordinated, which will positively affect the quality of the work done. The design and laying of communications even at the stage of construction of a country house will allow optimizing the process, both in price and in time spent.
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Express calculation of the cost of heating a private house
Communications for a turnkey country house
As you know, communications for a turnkey country house include the organization of water supply, sewage, heating, as well as electricity.
As for water supply, in this case a country house can be connected to the central water supply, if any, or to an autonomous source, which is a well or a well. In addition to the standard equipment that is familiar from a city apartment, in this case, additional equipment is also required. This includes a pumping station, a water storage tank, as well as a hydraulic accumulator, which will more smoothly start and stop the pump, which will positively affect its operational period. In addition, fine and coarse filters will be required. With their help, it will be possible to purify water from various pollutants and impurities, which subsequently will allow its use for drinking purposes. Before organizing the water supply of a country house, it will be necessary to equip the well or well with a caisson, and only after that install the pump. To transport water directly to the house, pipes of various materials can be used - copper, steel or polymer.
It is worth noting that if the pipe with cold and hot water are parallel, then in this case the pipe with cold water must be placed under the pipe with hot. By following this recommendation, condensate from the cold pipe will not drip onto the hot one.
How much does it cost to conduct communications in a private house
When answering the question - how much does it cost to carry out communications to a private house, it is necessary to consider that the materials used play a large role. Saving here will also be a place, because instead of expensive copper pipes, you can use polymer, and the like.
As for the sewerage of a country house, it is necessary to organize a treatment plant for it, in which the water used will be subjected to biological treatment. An example is the “topas” system, but in addition to it, a large number of others are presented on the market. Experts note that such systems are absolutely safe from an environmental point of view, in addition, they do not require additional maintenance from the owner of the house. For the internal sewerage system of a country house, PVC pipes are used. To date, this option is the most durable material, and the price is quite affordable.
Before choosing the necessary equipment for the organization of the sewerage of a country house, it is necessary to design the sewer networks, determine their performance, the depth of the laying, the height of the soil pipes, the location of the tank for water treatment, etc. It is worth noting that this tank should not be closer to home than 4-6 meters.
Private home communications
Of course, that not a single communication in a private house can do without a heating system. For heating a country house, a system of pipelines and radiators is used, as well as a heating source, which is presented in the form of a boiler. The result is a closed loop, through which the coolant will constantly circulate while the heating system is operating. In order for this system to work without failures, it is equipped with a circulation pump, which increases the circulation rate of the coolant. In addition, the heating system of a private house requires the installation of an expansion tank, automatic air vents, as well as a feed pipe. In order for the excess of the heated coolant to be able to be removed normally, relief and safety valves are installed in the system. It is worth noting that the heating system of a country and private house can be gas, electric, combined or work on solid or liquid fuel. Very often, the organization of the heating system of a private house requires the allocation for these purposes of a separate room, which is called a boiler room.
In addition to heating boilers, it is necessary to pay attention to radiators. They will affect not only the heating level of a country house, but also the total cost of organizing utilities:
- Cast iron radiators. This is the main version of the heating devices that were used in Soviet times. Despite the wide variety of popular models, such products are still very popular. But there is a significant drawback: in order for such batteries to heat up to 45 degrees, the temperature of the coolant should already be 70 degrees, and this does not affect the amount of fuel used in the best way;
- Aluminum radiators. Their appearance is much more attractive than that of cast-iron. The main advantage of this type of heater is its excellent thermal conductivity. It is immediately worth noting that such radiators are not always suitable for individual heating, as they are very sensitive to the quality of the coolant;
- Steel radiators. They can be panel and tubular. The former are a budget option and can not boast of high heat dissipation. As for tubular ones, they can be attributed to premium devices.
Turnkey Communications Price
The last point, which include turnkey communications, the price of which fully justifies the quality of the work done, is power supply. The main requirements for electrical networks are reliability and safety. Basically, the main source of electricity supply is the transformer. The voltage from the transformer goes through the wires and goes to the consumer, in the house of which the voltage should be within 380 V. To create a project for future electricity supply, it is necessary to make an accurate calculation of the future consumption of this energy. The choice of wires, as well as protective devices, will depend on the result.
Communications in a country house price
Before proceeding with the laying of communication in a country house, the price will need to be entered into an agreement with the relevant authorities on the power supply of the house. After laying the wiring, you will need to install a meter, and also open an account to pay for electricity consumed.
It should be noted that the main part of domestic fires is provoked by a fault in the wiring. The reason here may be improperly laid power networks, poor quality of materials, as well as errors in the calculation of loads. That is why, such work must be trusted by qualified specialists of a certain profile.