How to make a debt in 1c enterprise.
In other words, what reports in 1C Accounting 8 can show receivables and payables? Let's look at the example of 1C Accounting 8.2 how all this can be seen: how to find out our debts to suppliers, as well as how to find out the debts of our customers (clients) to us.
Note: The "Monitor" tab is excluded in version 8.3, but the reports are not changed. Do not get hung up on the program interface to the detriment of the general principles of working in it!
A quick way to find out how much you owe to suppliers
In 1C Accounting 8.2, the Functions Panel has a wonderful “Monitor” tab, which allows us to double-click at any time and our debts to suppliers. An example is shown in the figure below.
Of the shown in the picture, in this case we are interested in the block "Debtors and creditors". If it is empty there, then no one owes anything to anyone. On the contrary, in the above example, we owe OOO Wholesaler 145,000 rubles, therefore this counterparty is displayed in the "Lenders" column.
If there are customers who have not yet paid with our company for goods / services, then such counterparties will be displayed in the "Debtors" column. If the client has made an advance payment, but there has not yet been a sale, then such a client will be displayed already in the lenders.
It should be borne in mind that the Monitor tab is not intended to receive detailed information about debts to suppliers and debts of customers.
Firstly, it doesn’t show details on contracts with contractors. And secondly, if there are many debtors and / or creditors, then the first few are sorted in descending order of debt, and the rest are grouped in one line with the name "other" and the total amount. The latter often confuses novice users 1C 8.1-8.2, because they can not find the right counterparty in these lists.
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Reports on accounts payable and receivables in 1C 8.2
To obtain more detailed information about our debts to suppliers, as well as how much and which customers owe us, there are special reports on the tab "Manager" of the function panel. These are the reports "Debt to suppliers" and "Debt to customers".
Using both reports on debts is very easy, so I will not dwell on this in detail. I only note that if you can have several contracts with one counterparty, it will be useful to check the "By contracts" box. Below is an example of the report "Debt to suppliers".
site_Both reports are specifically designed for these purposes. However, sometimes other methods for debt analysis can be used.
Video tutorial on the use of 1C reports, allowing to find out mutual debts
Some special reports in the configuration of 1C Accounting allow you to find out both your debts to suppliers and the debts of buyers to your company. Examples are shown in version 8.2.
Today we will find out how to correct debt obligations in 1C program, namely debt adjustment, offsetting; we will find out the difference in the options of the corresponding adjustment mechanism in 1C.
We will consider the process of the specified debt servicing in the 1C Accounting program version 8.3., We also make footnotes on the debt adjustment document for the 1C Accounting version 8.2 program.
So, to adjust the debt and, for example, to allow offsetting between counterparties in 1C, the document “Debt adjustment” is used.
You can go to the journal of adjustment documents both in 1C 8.3 and in 1C 8.2 by opening any of the items on the "Buy" or "Sale" main menu.
Having made the transition to the journal of adjustment documents, we will create a new record.
Here we stop and consider in more detail the options for document operations proposed by the developer.
The developer suggests using the following options for correction of the balance of debt obligations:
Advances offset. The option is used to account for mutual settlements of advances issued by the counterparty.
Debt Settlement. Choosing this item, the accountant receives an automated tool for offsetting the resulting debt of the accounting organization for a specific counterparty. You can read the debt to a specific buyer, and to a third party.
Debt transfer. The option is used to transfer debt from one counterparty to another. It can also be used to move the debt of a certain counterparty to its contracts, documents and accounts.
Debt relief.It is obvious from the name that this item of transactions is used to write off bad debts or receivables. In this case, the amount will be included in income or expenses.
Other adjustments.Selecting the “Other adjustments” option allows you to take into account the various combinations of adjustments to both receivables and payables between different counterparties and accounts.
In 1C Accounting 8.2 the options will be slightly different, but their functional purpose varies slightly and is obvious from the names.
We continue debt offsetting in the 1C program, configuration “Accounting” version 8.3.
Having selected the option of the operation “Debt Settlement”, we indicate in the document the organization by which the operation will be carried out, the counterparty-buyer, the option of offsetting the debt, to which account the debts will be made, etc.
Then, depending on the status of settlements with the counterparty, we press either the “Add” button to manually enter the correction data, or the “Fill” button to automatically fill in the data on mutual settlements.
In the tabular section on the tab “Customer Debt (...)” appears the record we need.
We repeat filling in the accounting data on the second tab “Debt to the buyer (...)”.
Now that we have entered the data on netting the balance, the amounts of receivables, payables and, in fact, the resulting amount after the offset are displayed at the bottom of the document.
Because the amount of funds credited does not match, then the offset cannot be realized.
To correct the situation, go to the tab with a larger amount in the document and indicate the desired number in the field for offset.
Click "Record and Close." The offset document we need will be generated. Check the wiring:
Offset by us was successfully completed.
We print the act. Press the button “Settlement Act” in the adjustment document.
Back to now 1C version 8.2.
In general, the process of debt adjustment in 1C versions 8.3 and 8.2 is the same, although it has some differences. Selecting the type of operation "Settlement", fill out the header. Then we press the button “Fill in balances on mutual settlements”, the document will be filled with accounting data.
We conduct the generated document and verify the postings.
This is how debt is offset in the 1C accounting system. The debt adjustment mechanism for various configurations, although it has some differences, is generally similar and functionally the same. Our article addresses issues, 8 3, debt transfer, debt transfer,
Go to the section On the tab “Settlements” we set the flag “Planning payments from the buyer”:
- Implementation (acts, invoices);
- OS transfer;
- NMA transmission;
- The provision of production services;
We form a new document, say "Sales of goods (invoice)." Next, follow the link “Calculations” and indicate the date in the field “Payment to”:
If all counterparties have a single payment term, then in 1C 8.3 you can configure the default value substituted. To do this, go to the section Sales - Settings - Terms of payment by customers.
Step 3. Report “Customer Debt”
The next step is to generate a report on buyers' overdue debts taking into account the due date. Go to the section To the head - Settlements with buyers - Debt of buyers on terms of debt.
From the report we see that as of 05.21.2016, the buyer has unpaid arrears for up to 7 days in the amount of 2,264,455 rubles:
Step 4. Reminder of unpaid bills
We will create reminders for unpaid bills with the help of the "Expected payment from customers" assistant.
The assistant allows you to not only generate a report on existing debts of counterparties, but also remind counterparties of the need to pay bills.
Sales - Settlements with counterparties - Expected payment from buyers:
You can send a letter from 1C 8.3 with a reminder by the button <Напомнить>:
Supplier Payment Planning
First of all, you need to configure the program 1C 8.3, so that the function of scheduling payments to suppliers appears.
Step 1. Configuring the functionality of the program
Go to the section The main thing is Settings - Functionality.On the tab “Settlements”, check the box “Planning payments to suppliers”:
Step 2. Enter the payment term in the documents
- Receipt (acts, invoices);
- Receipt add. expenses;
- Receipt of intangible assets;
- Invoice from the supplier.
We will create a new document, for example, “Receipt: Goods, services, commission”. We follow the link “Calculations” and enter the data in the field “Payment term”:
If a single payment term is set for all counterparties, then you can configure the default value. To do this, go to the section Shopping - Settings - Payment deadlines for suppliers.
Step 3. Report “Debt to suppliers”
We will compile a report in 1C 8.3 on overdue debts to suppliers, taking into account the due date. To do this, go to the section To the head - Settlements with suppliers - Debt to suppliers on terms of debt.
From the report we see that as of June 15, 2016 there is an unpaid debt to the supplier for a period of up to 7 days in the amount of 202 098.00 rubles:
Step 4. Paying debt to suppliers
Through the assistant “Payment to suppliers” we will generate payment orders for payment.
The assistant gives you the opportunity to generate a report on existing debts to counterparties, create payment orders or change the deadline for payment.
Helper can be found in Bank and cash desk - Payment orders - “Pay” button - Goods and services:
You can make payment orders for selected lines using the button <Создать платежные поручения>:
If you specify several debts to one supplier at once, the assistant will generate one document “Payment order” for the entire amount of the debt.
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work with pleasure and with a full understanding of the functionality of 1C 8.3
In the program of the course, we included a large number of practical tests and tasks that will allow you to practice, get a hand and successfully start working in 1C Accounting 3.0 (8.3) without any doubt.
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Settlements in 1C 8.3 are carried out if the same counterparty is both a supplier and a buyer for your organization. In such a situation, receivables and payables may arise for this counterparty. In this case, the parties to the contract can offset the counterclaims of homogeneous claims, in other words - offset. In 1C 8.3, a special document is used to create it.
Settlement of counterclaims is possible if there are two conditions:
- reciprocity - when there is a receivable under one contract and payable - on another with the same counterparty;
- uniformity - liabilities are denominated in money.
We give an example. You sold to the counterparty of Start LLC batteries in the amount of 450,000 rubles under a sales agreement. Start LLC rendered you transport services in the amount of 100,000 rubles under a service agreement. There was a counter homogeneous debt - you owe Start LLC 100,000 rubles, Start LLC owes 450,000 rubles to your organization. Settlement of counterclaims can be made on the smaller of the two debts. In our example, in 1C 8.3 you can offset between the buyer and the supplier in the amount of 100,000 rubles. After offsetting in 1C 8.3, only accounts receivable from Start LLC will remain in front of you in the amount of 350,000 rubles. Before offsetting, sign a reconciliation report with the counterparty.
How to offset between the buyer and the supplier in 1C 8.3 in 3 steps, read in this article.
Step 1. Create a netting act in 1C 8.3
Go to the "Sales" section (1) and click on the link "Debt adjustment" (2). A window opens in which you can create a netting act.
In the window that opens, click on the "Create" button (3). In 1C 8.3, a form will open to fill out the netting act.
Step 2. Fill in the act of netting in 1C 8.3
In the form that opens, fill out a number of fields. In the field "Organization" (1) indicate your company. In the field “Transaction type” (2), select the value “Debt offset”. In the field “Buyer (debtor)” (3), select from the list of counterparty for which it is necessary to offset. Indicate the offset date (4).
In the tab "Customer debt (receivables)" (7) 1C 8.3 will automatically indicate the amount of receivables (8):
In the tab "Debt to the buyer (accounts payable)" (9) 1C 8.3 will automatically indicate the amount of accounts payable (10):
Compare the amounts in the two tabs. Go to the tab where the amount of debt is greater than (11), and manually correct it for the amount indicated in the tab with the smaller amount (12). After correction, the amounts of receivables and payables in both tabs should be equal.
Now the debt adjustment is created - it remains to save it. To do this, click “Save” (13) and “Post” (14). After that, in accounting, a posting on offsetting in 1s 8.3 between organizations will appear. You can see this posting by clicking on the “Show Postings ...” button (15).
In this article I want to talk about the document “Debt adjustment” and work with it in the program 1C: Accounting of the enterprise 8. First of all, we will consider situations in which it is advisable to apply it, and also talk about how to do it correctly. I hope that the article will help you understand the nuances of adjusting mutual settlements with counterparties in 1C and reduce the number of manual operations in your databases.
The document is located in the tabs Sales / Purchases - Settlements with counterparties - Debt adjustment.
It is intended for adjusting settlements with counterparties, that is, if, when compiling an SAL for 60, 62, or 76 accounts, we see an incorrect balance, advances not accounted for by mistake, overdue debts, then we do NOT create a “Manual Operation” document (about , why this document should be used as rarely as possible, we described in detail in the Manual postings article - why does 8 people “dislike” them, and the document “Debt adjustment”.
Let's look at some situations in more detail:
1) The wrong contract was selected during the document
It often happens that when loading a bank statement, forming a sale or receipt, the program automatically substitutes the “Main Contract”. If the contract is not chosen correctly, then in the SAL you can see the following picture:
When the period is closed, or there is no way to amend the contract and re-pass documents, you must use the document “Debt adjustment”.
We choose the type of operation “Set-off of advances”, set off the advance - to the “Supplier”, against the debt - “Our organization to the supplier”. If the confusion with the contracts occurred on account 62, then, accordingly, we choose to set off the advance payment - “Buyer”, and the debt - “Buyer to our organization”
Next, we move on to filling out the tabular part. You can use the "Fill in balances on mutual settlements" button on both tabs (advances to the supplier / debt to the supplier) or the "Fill" button located on the top panel of the document. After automatic filling, you need to check the amounts and accounts. If it is necessary to offset part of the amount, we adjust the information on the corresponding tabs manually. After the transaction, we obtain postings of the form:
2) Sales to one counterparty, and payment from another
Some companies split up a business for business. It is convenient for someone that each founder has his own LLC or individual entrepreneur, someone so separates wholesale / retail, the types of services provided. Therefore, there are often situations when the shipment occurred to one counterparty, and the payment came from another, for example, the account was blocked, there was not enough money, etc. Then in OSV on account 62 you can see the following:
In this case, it is also worth using the document “Debt adjustment”. Type of operation “Other adjustments”.
A debtor is our debtor, a counterparty to whom goods were shipped or services were rendered.
Lender - the counterparty who made the payment.
To fill out the tabular part, use the "Fill" button, if necessary, adjust the amounts (if the amount for one type of debt is less than for the other, for example, there was a partial payment, then we indicate a lower value on each tab).
After holding we will receive the following movements on the accounts:
Sometimes it can be very difficult to choose the right type of operation in the Debt Adjustment document, but please remember that if you need to offset between two counterparties, for example,
- payment for the sale of one went on account of the receipt of goods from another,
- we paid to one counterparty, and the receipt of goods and services came from another,
then in such situations we select the type of operation “Other adjustments” and carefully indicate the debtor and creditor.
3) Debt relief
Before the closing of the year, most accountants analyze the accounts of settlements with counterparties and periodically notice overdue debts. To write off bad debts, we also use the document “Debt adjustment”. For example, an overdue debt of a buyer on account 62.01 was discovered.
We create a document with the type of operation “Debt write-off”, write off “Debt of the buyer”, use the button “Fill balances of mutual settlements” on the tab of the debt of the buyer, and specify 91.02 on the tab “Write-off of debts” and select the sub-account.
After the document, the balances on the 62nd account will be closed:
The type of operation “Debt write-off” can also be used to write off the buyer’s advances, debt and advances to the supplier.
In this article, we examined only some cases of applying the document “Debt adjustment”, we will be happy to answer all the questions in the comments.