Interest-free loan from the state for the purchase of housing. Interest-free mortgage: truth or myth? Collection of necessary documents
Today, many Russian citizens face the problem of buying their square meters on credit.
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The high cost of apartments, which has been preserved since 2019, as well as the low average salary, imperfect mortgage lending procedures in the context of the financial crisis.
All this becomes an obstacle for young families on the way to buying their own housing. For this reason, the Russian government pays close attention to this issue - housing legislation and state programs are being improved and supplemented.
Important Aspects
In this material, we will understand such important nuances of obtaining an interest-free loan for housing as the conditions for obtaining and necessary documents, the legislative framework and the procedure for repaying a loan.
For a young family, mortgage lending can be a way out and a solution to the housing problem, but you need to carefully weigh the pros and cons, calculate your options and choose the best lending scheme.
Many banks that work closely with the state offer favorable lending conditions for young families.
The system of products for young families has become the most widespread and important in the economy.
Definitions
State social program - measures developed by the government to support young families by subsidizing or providing a loan for an apartment on favorable terms.
- a loan provided by a bank purposefully for the purchase of real estate.
A young family is a man and a woman who are officially married in accordance with Russian law, as well as their child or children.
- a family raising three or more children, regardless of whether these children are native or adopted.
A needy family is a young family that does not own property, lives in a rented apartment or needs to improve their living conditions.
The need to improve living conditions must be confirmed by a certificate.
Down payment - a certain part of the cost of the apartment, which the borrower is obliged to pay to the bank when applying for a loan in order to confirm his solvency.
Interest rate - the amount that the borrower pays to the bank for using the loan over a certain period.
Subsidy - state assistance in monetary terms for privileged categories of citizens, which is provided in the form of repayment of a certain amount of a mortgage loan.
Accounting norm of living space - the minimum size of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe dwelling, which serves as the basis for calculating the need to improve living conditions.
What is the purpose of taking
An interest-free mortgage loan is aimed at young families who need to increase square meters, or who do not have their own living space at all.
Renting housing is unprofitable for the family budget, so families are looking for alternative solutions to the problem, including public social housing programs.
For 2019, the Young Family mortgage lending program has been developed and is being implemented.
It involves the issuance of an interest-free loan to young families for which you can pay money for several decades. This program is also designed for single-parent families.
Government social programs for the registration of subsidies for mortgages provide assistance to young families in the acquisition of housing capital.
Interest-free loans are issued by Gazprombank and Sberbank, which operate within the framework of social lending programs.
In 2019, in accordance with the conditions prescribed in the terms, a mortgage loan is issued for a young family without interest or without a down payment.
This financial assistance is also provided for families without children. But in this case, the maximum percentage of state subsidies is no more than 30% of the cost of housing.
In the case of a minor child, the subsidy is 35% of the amount. A 40% subsidy is offered when a third child appears in the family.
Government subsidies can be used to pay the down payment on a mortgage loan and interest.
Also, to pay for a mortgage, you can send funds from maternity capital or other social assistance programs.
The legislative framework
In the Russian Federation, mortgage lending is regulated by the following laws and regulations:
| It establishes general rules for granting and securing mortgage loans. | |
| Federal Law No. 102-FZ of July 16, 1998 | |
| Federal Law No. 218-FZ of December 30, 2004 (last edition) | |
| The concept of the development of the mortgage lending system in Russia | — |
| Federal Law No. 395-1-FZ of December 2, 1990 (last edition) | |
| Regulation of the Bank of Russia No. 54-P | |
| Government Decree of August 25, 2019 No. 889 |
Loan processing
In order to become members of the "Young Family" program, first of all, you need to contact the self-government bodies at the place of residence:
Thus, in Moscow, the Department of Housing Policy deals with this issue, and in St. Petersburg, the Center for the Construction of Housing for Young Families.
In the process of collecting documentation, you must also contact the Housing Office and take a certificate of registration and square meters on which the family is registered.
For families that are registered in a private house, a cadastral passport for real estate is also required. You can take it at the BTI at the place of residence.
In each individual region, other documents may be required to participate in the program, these details must be specified at the place of application.
What is a loan
In 2019, young families can take advantage of two ways of state assistance when buying a home:
| Mortgage loans with preferential terms can be obtained by young families who have become participants in the state program of assistance to socially vulnerable families | At the same time, both spouses without children and large families can count on participation in the program. The program "Young Family" involves the issuance of a significant amount of subsidy for the purchase of their own housing |
| A young family can also take advantage of a mortgage program in one of the commercial banks with a reduced interest rate or a reduced down payment. | For example, Sberbank offers favorable mortgage lending terms for young families, while the loan term is extended up to 30 years. |
The amount of the subsidy is calculated by the local government at the time of issuing the certificate of improvement of living conditions, it is indicated on the form and does not change during its validity.
Funds allocated to help a young family are not subject to cashing out - the family receives only a certificate for the specified amount of subsidies. This certificate is used as a repayment of the specified amount.
The certificates for subsidies received by the participants are not designed to fully cover the purchase of an apartment at the expense of the state.
In practice, it is used as a down payment in a commercial bank that cooperates with this state program.
The amount of the subsidy varies depending on the prices for apartments and the social policy of a particular region, ranging from 400 thousand rubles. up to 1 million rubles
Issuance conditions
The social mortgage program for 2019 is aimed at helping socially vulnerable citizens under 35 who do not yet have a stable high salary that allows them to independently purchase housing.
The following citizens can participate in the program:
According to the terms of the program, the family must have a document indicating the need to improve their living conditions. Also, the family must be registered.
A needy family is recognized in the absence of other housing in the property and living in a rented apartment.
For each region of Russia, the norm of square meters for each family member is established by law.
Young families submit documents to the housing registration organization and stand in line if all necessary conditions are met. If there are children or beneficiaries, such a family has the right to count on an entry in the queue higher.
Confirmation of participation in the social program is the receipt of a certificate for subsidizing 30% of credit funds for childless parents and from 35% in the case of one or more children.
The Mortgage for a Young Family lending program operates in 2019 at Sberbank, but it does not apply to the state subsidy program.
This program is a standard loan for housing, but with a reduced interest rate of 12.5% per annum and with favorable conditions:
Thus, there are two types of support for young families - state subsidies and preferential mortgage loans from Sberbank. And each family has the right to choose the most suitable option.
Required documents
To participate in the state subsidy program, the following documents are required:
The process of paperwork must be taken with full responsibility, since in the absence of at least one of the listed documents, the family may be denied a loan.
Interest-free loan for the purchase of housing in Moscow
The high cost of apartments in Moscow is many times higher than the income of average residents.
Without the opportunity to take interest-free loans from the state, young families will not be able to afford to purchase their own residential square meters.
Therefore, both the state and banking institutions are interested in providing preferential loans for young families. By supporting young specialists, the state is trying to raise the country's economy to the proper level.
If this is a young family
In other banks, the down payment averages 25% of the cost of the apartment, while Sberbank requires only 15% of the amount as a down payment.
The interest rate depends on the size of the family income and the number of children, and is 12.5-15% per annum. Reducing the interest rate is possible if parents have salary cards in Sberbank.
The parent certificate can be used both for the payment of the down payment and the main body of the loan. In this case, there is no need to wait for the child to be three years old. You also have the right to count on a deferred payment of the loan at the birth of a child.
To obtain such a loan from Sberbank, parents' passports, a marriage certificate, certificates of official income and a state certificate of registration in the state subsidy program are required.
Loan for a large family
In Russia, funds are annually allocated from the state budget for large families, since the state is interested in reducing orphanhood and raising a healthy generation.
Financial support is allocated to families with many children who are raising both their own children and those adopted from orphanages.
Housing benefits for large families include:
First of all, in order to receive these benefits, a large family in 2019 must receive a document confirming this status in a certain departmental organization.
Not every family with three or more children can receive this document.
The main factor for obtaining this is the fact of insufficient material support, that is, evidence is needed that the family does not have sufficient income and needs state assistance.
A special commission evaluates the living conditions of the family, the attention paid to children, the psychological background in the family, and on the basis of these data makes a decision on the need to provide benefits and subsidies to such a family.
Payments and subsidies to large families and benefits vary depending on the region, budget, real estate prices.
The amount of maternity capital allocated after the birth of a second child grows every year and can be used to pay the down payment on mortgage lending.
The state program offers a free allocation of 6-15 acres to families with three or more minor children.
Acquisition of residential space for many Russian families is an almost impossible dream. Especially for financially unprotected segments of the population: young or large families, pensioners, single mothers.
The state has developed a special program for the implementation of assistance to this category of citizens - an interest-free mortgage. Not all citizens can apply for it.
general information
State programs of assistance in acquiring ownership of an apartment or house imply preferential conditions for a mortgage loan.
There are several ways to help:
- subsidizing funds to improve existing housing conditions;
- partial repayment of interest on a loan;
- funds for a down payment on a mortgage;
- allocation from the housing stock of an apartment at a reduced cost.
In addition, all programs are divided depending on the category of citizens. Funds are allocated either from a regional fund or from a federal one.
Participation in a regional assistance program excludes re-participation in a similar state one and vice versa. If a family or a citizen falls under the same programs, then the choice is made on only one state support.
What is a mortgage without interest
An interest-free mortgage is not in the full sense a mortgage without any interest, since such cooperation with clients is unprofitable for banks.
This concept implies the participation of the state in the payment of part of the funds (usually not more than 30%) from the loan of a citizen of a preferential category participating in the assistance program. The meaning of help is the interest that the bank charges to the client is paid by the state. That's what a mortgage without interest is.
In order for funds for the purchase of housing to be issued without interest, the loan must be targeted - mortgage. Consumer loans cannot be subsidized by the state, since they do not imply a report from a citizen to the bank and authorities about spending.
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Who needs help
There are several categories of citizens who can count on a social mortgage in 2019:
- pensioners;
- young families;
large families; - single mothers;
- young specialists in public sector (health, education and others);
- employees from public organizations.
In addition to the fact that a family or citizen must fall into one of these categories, additional requirements apply to them:
- recognition as in need of better housing conditions (including the acquisition of an apartment or house in ownership);
- the ability to pay most of the loan on their own (about 70% of the loan amount).
How to get a mortgage
An interest-free mortgage is declarative in nature - a family or citizen is required to personally apply for entry into a suitable assistance program.
Depending on which category citizens belong to, different lists of documents have been formed.
Mortgages for young families
Participation in the co-financing program for the purchase of housing for such a family implies the purchase of an apartment or house, the area of which does not exceed 42 square meters - for a family without children, 18 square meters for each family member - for a family with children.
A young family can sell an apartment that is worse in terms of parameters or area, apply for a targeted loan from a bank to improve housing conditions, or join the program.
The federal budget will pay interest on the loan, the principal amount of the debt - by borrowers.
In order to join the program, you must contact the Administration of the district at the place of residence for an initial consultation and familiarization with the full conditions of participation. Interest-free mortgages for young families are approved at the federal level, however, in some regions there are also regional conditions for assistance.
Required documents for obtaining an interest-free loan:
- passport of one of the spouses for whom the mortgage is being issued;
- Marriage certificate;
- notarial permission of the second spouse for registration of the loan;
- birth certificate of all minor children;
- certificate of income for the last six months of the borrower;
- the estimated value of the property to be purchased.
In order for the mortgage to be interest-free (conditionally), registration as needy and solvent citizens is required in the local Administration.
If the family is not registered, then a mortgage in a bank is provided on a general basis without funding from regional or federal authorities.
Mortgage for pensioners
There is no interest-free loan for pensioners on the terms of state co-financing.
However, banking organizations independently develop lending conditions that are beneficial for borrowers whose age exceeds 55-60 years.
In order to apply for a mortgage, pensioners must present the following documents:
- the passport;
- pensioner's ID;
- certificate of ownership of the mortgaged property.
Each bank sets individual lending conditions for pensioners. As a rule, such conditions imply no down payment, reduced interest rate or no interest at all.
As solvency, the client pledges to the bank either the apartment or house he owns, or the property to be acquired.
Large families
Families with three or more children can count on state assistance when applying for a loan to purchase a dwelling.
Requirements are standard in all regions:
- the status of a large family;
- the ability to independently pay the loan;
- lack of ownership of an apartment or house, if the purpose of the loan is the acquisition of housing;
- inadequate living conditions, if the purpose of the loan is to improve living conditions;
- recognition as in need of support.
In 2019, families with many children can count on several types of benefits, including mortgages.
Initially, the family must obtain approval from the local Administration to join the support program. To do this, you must write an appropriate application and present the passports of the parents and birth certificates of all children.
It is necessary to apply for a loan only after joining the program "Housing for Large Families".
Banking requirements for documents:
- passport of one of the spouses for obtaining a loan;
- passport of the second spouse;
- notarized consent to the loan and the acquisition of real estate;
- birth certificates of all children;
- estimated cost of new housing;
- a document confirming participation in the state program;
- certificate of income of the spouses for the last six months (all income);
- statements from personal accounts of adult family members.
single mothers
There are no separate programs for single mothers in 2019, however, they can act as a large or young family. In this case, the set of documents for obtaining a loan will be the same as for the reasons described above.
Since the income of a single mother rarely exceeds the norms established in the region, as a confirmation of solvency, it is required to pledge real estate to the bank - owned or acquired at the expense of credit funds.
Young Professionals
Support for young professionals, whose income in the public sector rarely exceeds the minimum norms of the region, has been officially extended at the federal level until 2020.
Banks offer favorable conditions for this category of persons, and federal and regional authorities provide financial support in obtaining credit funds.
The main documents for applying for a loan include:
- the passport;
- certificate from the place of work about the position held;
- income statement for the last six months;
- appraised value of the acquired property;
- marriage certificate, if any;
- birth certificate of children, if available.
Dear readers!
We describe typical ways to resolve legal issues, but each case is unique and requires individual legal assistance.
For a prompt resolution of your problem, we recommend contacting qualified lawyers of our site.
Last changes
State assistance for beneficiaries has been extended until 2020-2022, which allows families in need to purchase an apartment or house on favorable terms.
In April 2019, a law on “mortgage holidays” was signed, according to which borrowers who find themselves in a difficult life situation will be able to count on a six-month grace period. During it, these people will be able to suspend loan payments or reduce their size.
The innovation applies to citizens who have lost their jobs, received disability groups 1-2 or lost their breadwinner. These rules will also apply to existing credit relations.
Our experts monitor all changes in legislation in order to provide you with reliable information.
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Interest-free mortgage from the state: basic provisions
January 25, 2017, 12:33 May 4, 2019 19:03 
The cost of housing at the moment on the market in the Russian Federation is quite high. That is why it is quite problematic to acquire it on your own. One way to keep costs to a minimum is to use a special interest-free mortgage - but this requires the obligatory fulfillment of special requirements.
Dear readers! The article talks about typical ways to solve legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to know how solve exactly your problem- contact a consultant:
APPLICATIONS AND CALLS ARE ACCEPTED 24/7 and 7 days a week.
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General concepts
At the moment, it is quite problematic to own private property in residential real estate. Therefore, almost without exception, citizens purchase housing precisely.
To do this, you need to conclude a special agreement with the bank - it provides a targeted loan.
Such contracts have a large number of different features and are called. All features and differences must be dealt with in advance.
First of all, it is important to understand the difference between a mortgage and a home loan. Mortgage is the issuance of a loan secured by real estate, which the borrower acquires as a property.
At the same time, a mortgage loan is understood as the issuance of funds secured by real estate that is already owned by a particular borrower-client.
Today, a mortgage loan has a large number of different advantages. But it also has disadvantages.
The most important disadvantage of a mortgage loan is the need to pay annual interest on the loan. Moreover, the larger the loan amount and the loan term, the higher the interest.
Sometimes the overpayment is equal to the amount borrowed. But there are a large number of different ways to reduce the cost of a loan or even avoid having to pay interest.
Before applying to the relevant authorities to obtain approval for this kind of interest-free mortgage, the following fundamental questions should be analyzed as carefully as possible:
- What it is?
- To whom does it apply?
- Where should you apply?
What it is
At the moment, a mortgage always involves the need to pay not only debt on funds allocated for the purchase of housing, but also interest.
A mortgage is the most common loan with some important features:
At the same time, there are legislative norms that allow the borrower to avoid having to pay interest on a mortgage loan. It is only important to remember that a fairly limited number of persons have such a right.
In addition, some special conditions must be met. They differ significantly depending on the type of preferential program, as well as the status of the borrower. You should familiarize yourself with them in advance.
Most often, the mortgage lending rate ranges from 10% to 16%. This parameter depends on a large number of different factors.
At the same time, assistance from the state in repaying interest on a mortgage loan can be different:
To whom does it apply
At the moment, the list of persons entitled to receive interest-free mortgages is quite extensive.
But it is important to remember that for each category of persons a separate special federal law has been developed, which allows you to partially or completely repay the debt on mortgage interest.
Today, such programs apply to the following categories of citizens:
- young families;
- large families;
- qualified specialists;
- employees of budgetary institutions;
- eligible to receive.
In each individual case, it will be necessary to fulfill certain essential conditions.
For example, for persons who wish to repay interest at the expense of the state, the following conditions must be met:
There are also some requirements for the number of children.
For example, if the family is large (3 or more children), then you can get a benefit in the amount of repayment of all 100% of accrued interest on a mortgage loan. This moment is established at the legislative level.
But the main condition for participation in specialized state programs is the availability of a document that confirms the need for housing or the expansion of existing housing space.
Where to go
Today, first of all, one should attend to the choice of a bank that cooperates with the state in this direction, when mortgages are subsidized for certain categories of persons.
The most reliable companies today are the following:
- Sberbank.
- Rosselkhozbank.
- "VTB 24".
- Gazprombank.
Other banking institutions are also cooperating with the state in this direction. But at the same time, you should remember about many different nuances.
After the best option with a credit company has been chosen, you will need to collect all the documents necessary in this case. Their list is extensive and varies depending on the status of the borrower.
Today, to apply for a mortgage loan of the type in question, you will definitely need to contact the following institutions:
You will also need to apply to the FIU if interest is repaid at the expense of maternity capital.
It is this institution that is responsible for distributing these funds. This moment is established at the legislative level.
It may also be necessary to interact with various other institutions.
It all depends on the status of the borrower, as well as the legislative basis, according to which he has the right to receive this kind of mortgage.
How to get an interest free mortgage
At the moment, the algorithm for obtaining an interest-free mortgage has a large number of very different nuances and features.
Moreover, the main stages of registration primarily depend on the category of persons to which the citizen applying for the benefit belongs. It is worth figuring out in advance who is given an interest-free mortgage.
At the moment, there are legislative acts that allow you to issue a mortgage loan to the following categories of citizens on the conditions under consideration:
Young family
To obtain an interest-free mortgage on this basis, it will be necessary to act in accordance with the following algorithm:
| Indicators | Description |
| Contact the city administration | to get the necessary advice |
| Obtain the relevant document from the FPC | confirming the need to obtain appropriate housing |
| Collect all necessary documents in this case |
|
Further, it will be necessary to submit all the documents required in this case to the bank. At the same time, for a mortgage, it is necessary to indicate the use of appropriate benefits from the state regarding the repayment of interest on a loan at its expense.
Large families
To date, large families at the federal level are not provided with this type of benefits.
But at the same time, in some regions there are special programs, according to which part of the interest debt is repaid from the local budget.
At the same time, the format for obtaining this kind is similar to maternity capital. Most often, a certain amount is allocated, established by law. After that, the authorities check its targeted spending.
The process of obtaining such a mortgage has a standard algorithm:
- the necessary documents are submitted to the administration or the regional department of the public protection authorities to obtain the appropriate certificate;
- collection of all necessary documents in a particular case;
- an appropriate agreement on mortgage lending is concluded with the bank;
- housing is purchased;
- the required amount of funds is transferred to the bank.
It is important to remember some features of the type of benefits under consideration.
The most important are:
It is worth familiarizing yourself with all the nuances in advance. So it will be possible to avoid a large number of errors, controversial points.
Pensioners
At the moment, there are simply no state programs that allow pensioners to purchase housing on a mortgage without interest, simply do not exist.
But at the same time, many banks allow you to solve the issue of paying interest using their own special programs. This issue may be resolved in various ways.
For example, AHML Bank offers extremely favorable conditions with its “Moving” program.
The main feature of this mortgage program is that the borrower can use the property already owned as payment of interest on the loan or down payment.
It is important to remember that the collateral property itself will be sold only after the end of the loan period.
At the same time, there are simply no monthly payments of various kinds. The entire required loan amount is paid by the borrower directly at the end of the loan term.
If the amount after the sale of real estate is not enough to pay off the debt, then the pensioner makes an additional payment at his own expense.
Similar lending programs operate in various other banks. But before a pensioner can take advantage of this kind of program, it will be necessary to study their features.
Specialists
Today, some banking institutions offer special conditions for obtaining mortgage loans for certain types of specialists.
For example, at the moment there are a fairly large number of various kinds of programs for young university graduates who decide to work in their specialty in rural areas.
Today, the most profitable programs of this type take place in the following institutions:
- Rosselkhozbank.
- "AIZhK".
The algorithm for obtaining this kind of mortgage loan is completely standard. In this case, it will be necessary to prepare a standard set of documents.
It includes the following:
At the same time, it is also required to submit a special direction for work in the countryside. Usually this document is drawn up in the district administration of the municipality where it will be carried out.
There are a large number of different nuances associated with the design of such programs.
State employees
Today, state employees, like many other categories of citizens, are not provided with any special lending conditions.
But at the same time, many banks make up special mortgage programs that allow you to reduce the amount of interest paid to the very minimum.
The most favorable conditions at the moment are offered by Sberbank. At the same time, in order to use this kind of program, it will be necessary to correspond to the category of “needy”.
The process of registration of this kind of mortgage is standard.
With maternity capital
At the moment, one of the measures to support families with two or more children is the payment of maternity capital. This payment is for a specific purpose.
However, you can use it at your discretion within the framework of the law. One acceptable solution is to pay off the interest on your mortgage.
This can be done on the basis of providing a special certificate to the bank.
Registration procedure
Today, the process of obtaining a mortgage loan without interest is individual in each case. But at the same time, it is possible to single out some basic steps that are common to all cases.
The most important questions are:
- Required documents.
- Validity in Moscow.
Required documents
The list of documents required in a particular case includes the following:
- passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- certificate of income in the form of 2-NDFL or in the form of a bank;
- a copy of the work book;
- military ID;
In some cases, the following may also be required:
If the use of a certain benefit requires meeting certain conditions, it will be necessary to issue documentary evidence of the presence of a certain status. Usually this requires contacting the administration.
Validity in Moscow
At the moment, some special programs have a fairly limited period of time.
For example, for a young family to apply for an interest-free mortgage, at least one parent must be under the age of 35.
Otherwise, it will not be possible to issue such a program. Therefore, before applying for the appropriate mortgage program, it will be necessary to carefully study the legislation.
Socially unprotected segments of the population who have a special status and can submit relevant supporting documents can apply for an interest-free mortgage. Such segments of the population include young families, both with and without a child, pensioners, families with many children, etc. For each year or other period, the Government of the Russian Federation approves the list of categories that will be granted mortgage benefits.
In addition, new programs are periodically approved, existing strategies are improved, and as a result, every year more and more people get the opportunity to buy their own apartment with a loan. And then we will talk about how to get an interest-free mortgage for young families, for the disabled, etc. in 2018.
What does interest free mortgage mean?
To begin with, let's define that a mortgage is a target type of loan issued by a lender to its client. Mortgages are issued by banks, at a certain percentage. And only in exceptional cases, for certain programs or social areas, mortgages can be issued at a low interest rate. But cases when it is provided to the borrower at 0 percent is rare. Most likely an exception to the rule.
If we consider the situation in the Russian Federation, then it also cannot be said that socially unprotected citizens are given free loans. This is not true. The state provides certain subsidies, benefits or subsidies (everything depends on the specific region, its financing) to those people who are entitled to them. Such benefits may include:
- Compensation for part of the cost of the apartment. In this case, a certain percentage, usually up to 30%, is transferred to the seller of real estate, and the remaining 70% is paid by the borrower at the expense of mortgage funds. In such cases, a subsidy from the state serves as a kind of down payment on a mortgage;
- Paying part of the mortgage interest. In this case, part of the interest rate is compensated to the mortgage lender from the federal or regional budget, or such compensation is sent to the bank, which sets a reduced rate for this client. A striking example is the announced program "Mortgage 6%", when the bank will be compensated for the difference between the market rate for such loans and the established rate of 6%;
- A mixed form of subsidies, when both part of the cost of housing and part of the interest rate are compensated at once. In most cases, such methods are used when the family can immediately go through both federal and regional programs.
For 2018, the following preferential programs work:
By the way, regarding the living conditions, regardless of which category of the listed a person is, he must necessarily stand in line for housing and / or need to improve living conditions.
Only married couples can participate in such a program, where each of the spouses or one is not older than 35 years. It is this criterion that limits the set of participants. It doesn't matter if you have children. You can take advantage of the chance both having children already and not. True, the formula for calculating the total area of an apartment, according to which you can receive a subsidy, will change.
If a married couple does not yet have their own child, then the norm for square meters is the norm of 42 square meters. meters. If the couple already has a baby, then the calculation is different: each family member should have at least 18 square meters.
An interest-free mortgage goes as follows: a loan is issued at a bank, but the body of the loan is paid directly by the borrower, and the interest on the loan is compensated from the budget. Many may be indignant: why didn’t they take out such a loan? Do not forget that it is mandatory to be included in the register of those who require better living conditions. And this must be officially confirmed by local authorities. Without this criterion, a mortgage is issued under normal conditions.
In order to take advantage of such subsidies, you must contact the authorities of your region, where you can clarify the conditions of a particular program. The authority will request the necessary documents, may conduct an examination of housing conditions and, if possible, include in the interest-free mortgage program. And only after such a decision, you can go to a bank that cooperates with the state and get a loan.
Speaking also about interest-free mortgages for young families, we should not forget about the program announced in 2018 - "Mortgage 6%". Of course, this is not a free loan, but in comparison with other mortgage programs, it is quite a profitable product. But there are also a number of limitations here.
The program can only be used by those families in which there is a 2nd or 3rd child born after 01/01/2018. If the baby appeared earlier, then it will be impossible to qualify for a mortgage at 6%. But the advantage is that there is no age limit and no need to queue for housing.
How the 6% mortgage program works: the bank enters into an agreement with the borrower and issues a loan on normal terms at the rate that corresponds to market conditions. The difference between such a rate of up to 6% will be compensated by the state to the bank. Another thing is that such a benefit on interest will not be valid for 20-30 years, as many people think. The benefit will be valid for families with two children for 3 years, and for families with three - 5 years
In addition, it cannot be argued that these are the only areas of preferential mortgages. Each region may have different programs of subsidies, assistance and loans. It is necessary to clarify everything with banks and local authorities.
For example, now Sberbank has promotional programs for young families for some new buildings. The rate is 7%, since the developers themselves are ready to compensate the bank for part of the interest. But here there is a feature - the subsidizing period is 12 years, that is, the rate of 7% will only be valid for 12 years.
It seemed that no one, not only would not issue a mortgage to pensioners, but would even begin to help pay off such a loan, since it is commonly believed that pensioners are not creditworthy, they do not have a stable income, etc. But this is not entirely true, in the Russian Federation there are special programs. Of course, they are not interest-free.
How it works: pensioners, according to some financial institutions, have a stable monthly income in the form of a good pension, they own some movable and immovable property, so they can take out a mortgage to improve their living conditions. Another thing is that pension mortgages have their own characteristics:
- The minimum loan term, as a rule, at the time of repayment of the last payment, the borrower should be no more than 75 years old. Thus, if a person applies for a loan at the age of 65, then the maximum allowable loan term is 10 years;
- The loan amount is limited, since no one will give out a large amount to a pensioner, this is due to high risks of non-repayment. But in such cases, providing the bank with collateral reduces the risks of the bank;
- The amount of the down payment can reach 50%;
- A more differentiated, that is, a classic repayment scheme is used. Such a scheme is characterized by a gradual decrease in the size of the payment: at the beginning of the period, the payment is the largest, at the end - the smallest.
Thus, every pensioner, if he receives a pension, has documents and wants to improve living conditions, can take a loan, no one limits him in this right.
Mortgage for large families
I would like to note right away that mortgages for large families in each individual region have their own specifics. But, the main thing for everyone is the presence of such a status. First, it must be issued, and then apply for a mortgage.
According to the state program, a large family, even when applying for an interest-free mortgage, must:
- Be able to fully pay mortgage payments on your own;
- The loan must be issued for real estate that is not owned by such a family;
- Mortgages are provided to improve living conditions.
In other words, such a family should have a stable income, but at the same time experience difficulties with living conditions: for example, 1 person has less than the established norm of square meters.
It is imperative to apply not to the bank, which cannot have any programs of such a plan, but to the local authorities. It is necessary to write an application for participation in the program "Housing for Large Families". And after considering the case, collect the necessary package of documents.
It should also be noted that socially unprotected citizens who receive subsidies for mortgages do not always have the free right to choose real estate. In some regions, the authorities provide a list of those residential facilities that participate in the program. And only from this list of new buildings it will be possible to choose a new apartment for yourself.
Mortgage for young professionals, state employees
As for mortgage programs for state employees, these are one of those programs that have pronounced specifics in certain regions. It all depends on what kind of specialist local authorities need. According to this principle, young personnel are attracted, who are motivated by affordable housing and a number of benefits provided upon employment.
Possible programs for state employees:
Mortgage for teachers. For such specialists, they provide a mortgage, in which they compensate up to 30% of the cost of housing. At the same time, an application for participation in such a program is written in the name of the employer where the teacher is employed. He must, without fail, obtain a certificate of participation in such a program, and only after that proceed with the registration of a mortgage. As a rule, a part of the cost of an apartment is issued from the regional budget after a certificate is provided to a person, and the rest is issued on credit. Money is transferred immediately to the bank;
For young doctors. The peculiarity is that not all doctors receive subsidies from the state when applying for a loan, but only those that the region needs. This may be a rehabilitation specialist, an anesthesiologist, a surgeon, etc.;
For young scientific researchers. These are the specialists who can get the most favorable credit conditions. They, as a rule, are subsidized with a part of the cost of housing, and subsequently compensate for part of the interest rate.
It is not known which program each individual specialist will get into, but the chances of help are great. In addition, state employees have the right to apply for a preferential mortgage not only at a young age, but also quite mature. This is no longer a motivator, but a reward. For example, for state employees with 25 years of experience in the public sector, the state also subsidizes part of the mortgage loan.
But there is also a minus in such programs - if a person receives a long-term housing loan for 20-30 years, then he thereby undertakes to continue working in this industry. It is allowed to change jobs, but only within the same industry (transition from school to school, from hospital to clinic, etc.).
Regarding programs for the disabled, for veterans of military operations, they do not have special privileges in the design of mortgage programs. There are a lot of other subsidies and preferences that can allow them to get free housing. But they can rarely take advantage of interest-free mortgages, only if they are within the framework of the previously discussed programs. True, such a fact as disability can be an advantage in decision-making by local authorities.
Conclusion: the state is aimed at solving the problems of society, therefore, it fully directs its forces to solve many problems, incl. and housing. In the Russian Federation there are a lot of programs and there are quite adequate conditions for mortgage lending, allowing many to solve their housing problem.
Buying your own home is the main problem of every Russian family. But saving up for an apartment or a house, taking into account rising prices and inflation, is almost impossible, and mortgage lending is too heavy a financial burden. That is why the state, supporting certain categories of citizens, creates and successfully applies various programs under the general name "interest-free mortgage".
All banking organizations are aimed at making a profit, so a zero mortgage is a completely unacceptable concept for them.
But since interest-free lending is provided by the state, it looks like this:
- The borrower receives a large amount of money from the bank at zero interest and without a mandatory down payment.
- The bank receives its profit from public funds, which are paid to the bank when applying for a mortgage to citizens from the preferential category.
Thus, all participants in lending get what they want.
To get an interest-free mortgage, potential borrowers will need:
- contact the local municipality or administration;
- clarify the existence of existing programs and requirements for participation in them;
- collect the necessary package of documents;
- write an application to the partner bank.
Who is supposed to
First of all, an interest-free mortgage is necessary for those Russians who cannot independently purchase housing due to a difficult financial situation:
- young and large families;
- single mothers raising children without the support of a second parent;
- young specialists and employees of the public sector who receive low wages due to the specifics of their profession and the lack of necessary experience.
Young family
At the legislative level, a couple under the age of 35 who has officially entered into a marriage is considered a young family. It doesn't matter if they have children or not. Families with or without children can apply for an interest-free loan, only calculations on the number of required square meters per family will be carried out differently.
At the federal and regional levels, many programs have been developed to provide housing for young couples. Families are allocated from 30 to 50% of the total cost of the mortgage at the expense of budgetary funds. These funds can be used to pay for:
- down payment;
- mortgage interest.
After that, the couple only needs to repay the body of the loan, without overpayment and additional fees.
single mother
There are no separate federal programs designed specifically for single parents in Russia. Single mothers of the appropriate age can receive a preferential loan under programs for young families as part of a social mortgage. In addition, some regions support single mothers and provide them with special cash certificates that can be used to pay off loans or purchase their own housing at a reduced price.
The large family
Families with many children with three or more children are entitled to various benefits and privileges from the federal and regional authorities (obtaining a free land plot, participating in housing programs for young families, etc.). Comfortable and well-maintained housing for large families is an urgent need.
But obtaining a mortgage loan for such families is possible under certain conditions:
- the availability of monthly earnings to repay the principal debt on a mortgage;
- official status of a large family;
- the need to improve the existing living space or the complete absence of real estate in the property;
- placement in the waiting list for housing as needy.
Young professionals
Young specialists are yesterday's graduates of higher educational institutions who studied at the expense of budgetary funds. Doctors, teachers, educators, scientists and nurses and other specialties are in demand in rural areas and remote regions of the country.
In order to attract young professionals, regional authorities are developing special social programs that help to purchase housing in the shortest possible time. Applicants may receive cash to pay the down payment on the mortgage and/or interest.
State employees
Public sector employees have a low monthly income, which does not allow them to use standard bank loan programs. Therefore, a special mortgage has been developed and operates for state employees.
For its registration, a number of conditions must be met:
- employment in a state or municipal organization;
- At least 3 years of experience in the public sector;
- availability of income sufficient to repay the "body" of the loan;
- the official status of a person in need of better housing conditions.
For Russian Railways employees
Unlike the above categories of citizens, Russian Railways employees receive preferential loans that are financed not from public funds, but from the company's budget.
Railway workers can count on the following preferential terms when applying for a mortgage:
- no down payment;
- low interest on the loan (from 2 to 4.5% per annum, the difference between the standard bank rate is covered by Russian Railways);
- additional subsidy at the expense of the company at the birth of a child during the period of the mortgage for an apartment.
How to get a state subsidy certificate
The algorithm of actions for obtaining a state subsidy that can be used to pay off a mortgage is as follows:
- Contacting local governments. Representatives of the administration give everyone lists of necessary documents.
- Providing a package of papers for consideration for registration as needy. The decision of the administration will be ready within 1 month. The applicant will receive an official letter with a document confirming participation in the program or a reasoned refusal.
- Waiting in line can take a long time (depending on the number of participants). When the time comes for a particular participant, he is notified by mail or by phone and invited to the administration, where he is awarded a state subsidy certificate.
- Appeal to the selected banking institution for registration of a mortgage.
Which bank to contact
Partners in state housing programs for preferential categories of citizens are the most trusted banks that have an impeccable business and financial reputation and have earned the trust of Russians.
These include:
- Sberbank of the Russian Federation;
- VTB 24;
- Gazprombank;
- Bank of Moscow;
- Svyazbank;
- Raiffeisenbank.
Mortgage in these banks is provided on the following conditions:
- initial payment from 10 to 20% of the total cost of the loan;
- the mortgage rate does not exceed 11% per annum;
- the duration of the loan is calculated for up to 30 years;
- possibility of early repayment.
AHML and partner banks should be considered as a creditor as a matter of priority. It is this structure that is responsible for the implementation of social mortgages and support for the population in the housing issue.
Requirements for the borrower
Interest-free mortgages are provided to various categories of citizens on different terms, so the list of requirements for the borrower may change.
But there are general, applicable to all preferential lending programs:
- the age of the borrower is up to 65-80 years;
- the status of a person in need of better housing conditions;
- confirmation of a special provision that allows participation in concessional lending (large families, a budget employee, a railway worker, etc.);
- at least 1 year of work experience in the last position;
- availability of the required level of income, confirmed by official documents (2NDFL certificate, bank statement, etc.).
List of documents
The most time-consuming part of lending is the collection of necessary papers and certificates.
The list of documents includes:
- original and copies of all pages of the passport of the borrower and co-borrowers;
- marriage or divorce certificate;
- documents confirming the presence of children;
- information about the composition of the family;
- documents confirming the special status of the borrower (single mother, large family, poor, etc.);
- extract from the Unified State Register of Real Estate about the absence of real estate;
- documents confirming the level of family income sufficient to repay the loan;
- a copy of the work book.
How to get an interest free mortgage
It is necessary to consider the standard lending scheme:
- Contacting the bank. A potential borrower fills out an initial application form and provides a minimum set of documents (passport, second identity document and income statement).
- Consideration of the applicant's candidacy by the bank's security service and making a decision on the loan.
- If the bank approves the application, the borrower will need to provide an extended package of documents, as well as a certificate of state subsidies.
- Find a suitable home and submit a preliminary sale and purchase agreement to the bank.
- After checking the legal purity of the presented property, the date of the transaction will be set.
- After signing the purchase and sale agreement, the necessary funds will be transferred to the seller, and the borrower will receive an apartment or house. The property will be pledged to the bank until the loan is fully repaid.
According to Sharia law
According to Sharia law, Muslims cannot participate in banking programs where there is interest. Therefore, special "Islamic banks" offer mortgage options for Muslims at zero percent per annum. Citizens are provided with housing for purchase, which can be purchased with a mortgage at a price that includes all costs and profits of the bank.
Conclusion
Lending is a real opportunity to purchase housing. You may be advised to contact the municipality and find out what preferential programs and loans operate in your locality and region. If the applicant falls under one of the preferential categories, he has every chance in the near future to become the owner of his own square meters.
Also valid since 2018. Please check the terms and conditions of this program. Perhaps you can get a mortgage at a favorable interest rate.
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