1c enterprise is a self-explanatory tutorial for beginners. How to learn to work in the program "1C: Accounting
Automation of accounting is one of the key tasks facing the leadership of each enterprise. Time dictates its conditions, and for a long time no one reduces the debit with a loan manually: such accounting is cumbersome, slow, slow, labor-intensive and replete with errors. In this book, we will consider one of the most popular standard solutions of the 1C system - the “Enterprise Accounting” configuration, implemented on the 1C platform version 8.2. This release is the most relevant at the time of this writing. As a result of studying this book, you will gain all the necessary knowledge to fully work with the “1C Accounting 8” program, learn how to carry out the usual accounting operations in it (working with documents, generating postings, generating reports, etc.), independently create and connect information databases, and also prepare the program for work.
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The given introductory fragment of the book 1C: Accounting 8.2. A clear tutorial for beginners (A. A. Gladky, 2012) provided by our book partner - LitRes company.
Chapter 1. The first acquaintance with “1C Accounting 8”
The first chapter of the book contains basic information about the program "1C Accounting 8". You will find out what the functionality of this configuration is, what is the relationship between the System Configurator and its application solution, how to run a program, create and select information databases, and much more.
Program functionality
Due to the flexibility of the technological platform, the 1C Accounting 8 program can be successfully used in enterprises of various forms of ownership and areas of activity. The functions of accounting for financial resources, fixed assets and intangible assets, production, commercial and other types of costs, other assets and liabilities of the enterprise that are available in it open up great opportunities for management accounting and go far beyond traditional accounting standards.
Tasks solved using the program "1C: Accounting 8" can be formulated as follows:
♦ parallel accounting and tax accounting;
♦ automation of all accounting and management processes taking place in the enterprise;
♦ accounting of funds of the enterprise;
♦ accounting of banking and cash transactions;
♦ accounting for the movement of inventory items;
♦ accounting for settlements with counterparties;
♦ accounting of warehouse operations;
♦ production accounting;
♦ accounting of fixed assets and intangible assets;
♦ accounting for salaries and settlements with staff;
♦ conducting personnel records;
♦ setting up, generating and printing financial statements in the forms approved by regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, as well as reporting to tax authorities, the Pension Fund, and statistical agencies;
♦ conducting multicurrency accounting;
♦ building a variety of analytical reporting.
In addition to the above, with the help of the configuration in question it is possible to solve a number of other problems, the presence of which may be due to the specifics of a particular enterprise.
The relationship of the Configurator and the application solution
Any software product of the 1C family can function in two main modes: 1C: Enterprise (application solution) and Configurator. The desired mode is selected by clicking on the corresponding button in the launch window (Fig. 1.4).
The “1C: Enterprise” mode (Fig. 1.1) is an application solution of the program in accordance with its purpose. In other words, it is in the 1C: Enterprise mode that accountants, financiers, managers and other end users of the program work.
Fig. 1.1. 1C Enterprise mode
As for the "Configurator" mode (Fig. 1.2), it is designed to configure and administer the program. Here, configuration objects are created and edited, interfaces and dialog boxes are configured, the type and contents of the printed form of documents are determined, and a number of other actions to configure and configure the system are performed. In most cases, the Administrator or other authorized specialist works with the Configurator, since this requires specific knowledge.
Fig. 1.2. Configurator Mode
In this book, we will not dwell on the issues of configuring the program - this is too deep a topic that deserves a separate book. Moreover, it is not recommended for the average user to make changes to the Configurator independently: its unqualified editing can violate the integrity of the data, and indeed lead to unpredictable consequences. The only thing that we will do in the Configurator is to connect the “Accounting” configuration to the technological platform, and also tell how to use it and enable additional features implemented in the 1C 8.2 platform (see the relevant sections below).
A number of basic settings for the program are placed in the “1C: Enterprise” operating mode. You can edit them yourself, and how this is done will also be described in the corresponding section.
Program launch and basic actions with infobases
After installing the 1C program in the Start menu, its program group will be created. To run the program, the 1C Enterprise command is designed (Fig. 1.3).
Fig. 1.3. The program start command in the Start menu
When the program starts, the window shown in fig. 1.4.
Fig. 1.4. 1C program launch window
In this window, the required operating mode is selected, as well as the information base. As you already know, 1C program can function in two modes - “1C: Enterprise” and “Configurator”. The desired mode is selected by pressing the corresponding button in this window.
A list of infobases is presented in the central part of the program launch window. At the first start of the program, this list may contain an information base with a demo configuration; this base is included in the scope of delivery and is intended for preliminary acquaintance with the system. The selection of the infobase is done by clicking on the corresponding position in the list. You can add new ones to the list or edit and delete existing infobases - how to do this will be described below.
At the bottom of the window, the path to the directory of the information base on which the cursor is located is displayed.
The procedure for launching the program is as follows: first, in the launch window, select the information base with a mouse click, and then press the 1C: Enterprise or Configurator button, depending on the mode in which you want to start the program.
To start operating the program, it is necessary to create an information base at its first launch, in which all data will be stored and with which work will be conducted. To switch to the mode of creating the information base, you need to click the Add button in the program launch window (see Fig. 1.4) - as a result, the window shown in Fig. 1 will open on the screen. 1.5.
Fig. 1.5. Adding an infobase
Here, using the switch, you need to specify how the infobase should be created. If you are just starting to work with the 1C program, and no information databases have been created so far, you need to set the switch to Create a new information base to create a new empty database for further work. The second option is designed to connect the previously created infobase.
To proceed to the next step, click Next. When creating a new infobase, a window will appear on the screen, which is shown in Fig. 1.6.
Fig. 1.6. Choosing a way to create an infobase
If you need to create an infobase based on an existing template (for example, based on a demo configuration), you need to set the switch to Create an infobase from a template. In this case, a list of available configurations and templates will be displayed below, in which you need to select the desired position with a mouse click and click Next.
When you select the second option (the lower position of the switch), an infobase without configuration will be created. You can subsequently connect the required configuration from the corresponding file to it (we will consider the procedure for connecting the “Accounting” configuration below).
Fig. 1.7. Entering infobase parameters
In this window, in the Specify the name of the infobase field, you need to enter an arbitrary name for the created database using the keyboard. Under this name, the infobase will subsequently be displayed in the infobase list in the program launch window (see Fig. 1.4), later you can change it in the program settings.
Using the switch below, you need to specify in which place the created base will be located. In most cases, this is either a computer or a local area network, so by default the switch is set to On this computer or on a computer on the local network. After clicking the Next button, the window shown in fig. 1.8.
Fig. 1.8. Path to the infobase directory
This window indicates the path to the directory in which the infobase files will be stored. To change the default option, click the select button at the end of this field. As a result, the Select Directory window opens on the screen, in which, according to the usual Windows rules, the required path is specified (if necessary, you can create a new directory).
In the Language (Country) field, the language of the created infobase is selected from the drop-down list. The default value in this field is Russian. After clicking the Next button, a window opens, as in Fig. 1.9.
Fig. 1.9. Additional information base launch options
In this window, you can specify additional launch options for the infobase. If there are no special wishes to launch the infobase, you can leave the default values \u200b\u200bsuggested.
The process of creating an infobase is completed by clicking the Finish button in this window.
To change the parameters of the infobase, you need to select it in the launch window (see Figure 1.4) with a mouse click and click the Change button, and then make the necessary adjustments in a step-by-step mode.
Information databases are also deleted in the program launch window (see Fig. 1.4). To do this, select the database to be deleted with a mouse click and click the Delete button. In this case, the program will issue an additional request for confirmation of the delete operation.
Remember that the operation of the program requires the presence of at least one information base.
How to independently connect the configuration or download the infobase?
Recall that the 1C 8 system includes two main elements - the platform and configuration. First, the platform is installed, and then the configuration is connected to it (in our case, “Enterprise Accounting”). The configuration file is included with the system, has the extension cf and connects through the Configurator. Consider how this is done.
In the program launch window (see Fig. 1.4), select the name of the previously created infobase with a mouse click and click the Configurator button. As a result, the program window opens in the "Configurator" operating mode (Fig. 1.10).
Fig. 1.10. Configurator for the new infobase
In this window, you need to activate the main menu command Configuration Open configuration. As a result, the Configuration window will appear on the left (Fig. 1.11).
Fig. 1.11. Configuration Window
After that, we execute the command of the main menu Configuration Load configuration from file. Note that this command becomes available only when the Configuration window is open (see Fig. 1.11). When it is activated, the window Select the configuration file shown in Fig. 1.12.
Fig. 1.12. Path to configuration file
In this window, you need to specify the path to the configuration file, select this file with a mouse click and click the Open button. Immediately after this, the configuration loading process will begin. Information on the progress of this process will be displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the Configurator window.
NOTE
At the end of the download, the program will prompt you to update the database configuration. This request should be answered in the affirmative. Information on the progress of the update process will also be displayed in the status bar. At the same time, the program will issue another request - to accept configuration changes, which should also be answered positively (otherwise the update will not be completed).
Upon completion of the database configuration update, the title and version of the loaded configuration should be displayed in the title bar of the Configurator window. This will confirm that the configuration connection is correct.
If, when you try to connect a configuration, a message appears stating that the configuration structure is incompatible with the current version of the program, you can download it from a file with the extension dt a ready-made infobase included in the delivery package (two databases are offered - one with a demo and the second one empty). To do this, run the command of the main menu Administration Load infobase - as a result, the window opens, which is shown in Fig. 1.13.
Fig. 1.13. Path to the infobase file
In this window, you need to specify the path to the infobase file and click the Open button. After that, a warning message will open on the screen (Fig. 1.14).
Fig. 1.14. Continuation Request
This request should be answered in the affirmative by clicking Yes. After that, the process of loading the information base will begin, about which a corresponding information message will appear (Fig. 1.15).
Fig. 1.15. Information about the successful loading of the infobase
After clicking Yes in this window, the Configurator will automatically restart. If at the same time a request appears for converting the information base due to the fact that it is incompatible with the current version of the program, it must be answered in the affirmative. At the end of the conversion, the program will issue a corresponding information message (Fig. 1.16).
Fig. 1.16. Message about the successful completion of the conversion of the infobase
After clicking the OK button in this window, the Configurator window will open (this may take some time), which will now look like the one shown in Fig. 1.17.
Fig. 1.17. Configurator after loading infobase
Please note that the title and version of the current configuration should be displayed in the title bar of the Configurator window. This will confirm that the infobase has been loaded correctly.
Now, using the command of the main menu Service 1C Enterprise, also called by pressing the key combination Ctrl + F5, you can switch to the 1C: Enterprise operating mode. If you execute the Help About the main menu command (this can be done both in the Configurator and in the application solution), a window with information about the current version of the technology platform and configuration will be displayed on the screen (Fig. 1.18).
Fig. 1.18. Platform Version and Configuration Information
Now you can start operating the program. In the next section, we will talk about general rules for working with the “1C Accounting 8” program, and provide a description of its main interfaces and tools.
General description of the main interfaces and tools of the program
In the program "1C: Accounting 8" for each operating mode has its own user interface. This is a standard approach that is widely used in most Windows applications. Next, we will consider the main interfaces of “1C: Accounting 8”, which any user of the program has to work with, and after that we will get acquainted with the main tools of the program.
Overview of the main program interfaces
After starting the program, its main window is displayed on the screen, which is shown in Fig. 1.19.
Fig. 1.19. The main window of “1C Accounting 8”
Here the user selects the desired operating mode. This can be done using the main menu, the toolbar or the function panel, which occupies the main part of the interface.
ATTENTION
Please note that the contents of the main program window, as well as the set of available commands, functions, buttons, and other tools, depend on which interface you have enabled at the moment. For example, if you have the “Accounting” interface turned on, then more than half of the commands will be absent in the Operations menu, if the “Administrative” interface is turned on, then most of the main menu items will disappear, etc. The most complete set of tools can be used when the “ Full". The interface is selected using the appropriate commands of the Service Switch Interface interface submenu.
The selection of objects for further work is carried out in the selection or list interfaces. For example, to switch to the mode of working with any directory, you need to select it in the selection window (Fig. 1.20), which is called up on the screen using the menu command Operations Directories.
Fig. 1.20. Directory Selection Interface
In this window, you need to select the required object with a mouse click and press the OK button or the Enter key.
Also, the selection of objects for viewing or editing can be carried out in the list windows. A typical example is working with documents: when the corresponding command is activated, a list window opens (Fig. 1.21), in which a document is selected for further work. Note that at the beginning of the operation of the program with the newly created empty infobase, all the interfaces of the list will be empty, that is, they will not have a single position.
Fig. 1.21. Document List Window (Outgoing Payment Orders)
The list window contains a list of relevant items (documents, organizations, contractors, etc.). For each position of the list in the corresponding columns, general information is displayed: the date and number of the document, the counterparty to the document, the amount, type of operation, etc. (this is determined by the specific operating mode).
It should be noted that the order of work in different list interfaces is largely similar. In other words, in the window of the list of cash orders, and in the window of the list of bank documents, and in the window of the list of documents for the receipt of goods, and in many other similar operating modes, a series of similar, standard actionsdesigned to perform certain operations. Access to these actions is carried out using the corresponding commands of the Actions menu, which is opened by pressing the button in the upper left corner of the list window. Let us consider these commands in more detail, since during operation of the program most of them have to be constantly used. Along the way, we will get acquainted with a few more typical program interfaces (filter settings, data display, etc.).
Add - using this command, the user enters the mode of forming a new position. When it is executed, the input and editing window opens on the screen. You can also activate the Add command by pressing the Insert key.
Copy - the command is designed to create a new position based on an existing one (namely, based on the one on which the cursor is placed in the list). This command is convenient to use when creating several items of the same type, in which most of the details match. The Copy command is also called by pressing the F9 key.
Change - this command is also called by pressing the F2 key and is intended to enter the editing mode of the current position. The necessary actions are performed in the editing window, which opens on the screen when this command is activated.
Delete directly - with this command you can quickly and permanently delete the current list item. When it is executed, the program issues an additional request for confirmation of the delete operation. You can also activate the Delete command by pressing the key combination Shift + Delete.
Set deletion mark - this command (it is also called by pressing the Delete key) is intended to be marked to delete the current position of the list. After its execution, the corresponding symbol will appear in the leftmost column. In the future, objects marked for deletion can be deleted using the command of the main menu of the program Operations - Deleting marked objects. You can uncheck the deletion box at any time - to do this, re-run this command or press the Delete key.
Set the date interval - using this command, the filter is installed on the documents displayed in the list, depending on the date of their creation. Filter settings are configured in the Period settings window (Fig. 1.22), which opens on the screen when this command is activated.
Fig. 1.22. Entering filter parameters by date
The figure shows that this window consists of two tabs: Interval and Period. On the Interval tab, the beginning and end of the time interval (in other words, the type of time period) is indicated, and on the Period tab, specific time frames. For example, if on the Interval tab the values \u200b\u200bStart of year and End of year are set, then by default the current year will be taken as a filter condition; however, on the Period tab, you can choose not the current, but, for example, the last or the year before last. In the same way, a filter is set for any quarter, month, week or day. Also implemented the ability to enter an arbitrary period. If the Use this period setting when opening check box is selected, then the set filter for the displayed data will be automatically applied each time this window is opened again.
Search by number - this command is recommended to use when working with a large number of documents. It is designed to quickly search for the required document by its number in a given time interval (note that the time interval can not be set - in this case, the search will be conducted only by the document number). When this command is executed, the window shown in fig. 1.23.
Fig. 1.23. Search for a document by its number
In this window, in the Document number field using the keyboard or from the drop-down list, the number of the document to be found is entered. The time interval for the search is set in the fields In the date range from to; the required values \u200b\u200bcan be entered either from the keyboard or using the selection button, which is located at the end of each field. When you click on this button, the calendar window appears in which the required date is selected. In the Types of documents field, a check box should be selected next to the item corresponding to the type of document (in Fig. 1.23 this item is called the Payment order outgoing). The search process in accordance with the specified parameters is initiated by clicking the Find button; search results are displayed at the bottom of the window in the Found field. To quickly jump to the required position, you should position the cursor on it and press the Select button - as a result, the Search by document number window will automatically close, and the cursor will be placed on the selected document in the list window.
Post - this command is designed to post the document on which the cursor is positioned. If the document date is less than the current date, then when this command is activated, a corresponding warning will be displayed on the screen with a proposal to post the document inoperatively. The document will be held after a positive response to this request. Immediately after the document has been posted, the corresponding sign will be displayed in the leftmost column opposite it.
Cancel posting - this command is available only if the cursor is positioned on the posted document and is intended to cancel posting of the document. After performing this operation, the sign of the posted document will disappear in the leftmost column.
Set the selection and sorting of the list - with this command, the filter is configured to the positions displayed in the list window. When the command is executed, the window shown in fig. 1.24.
Fig. 1.24. Filter settings
NOTE
The contents of the filter parameter settings window may differ depending on the current operating mode. In fig. 1.24 it is shown in the operating mode with outgoing payment orders, and when working with documents for the receipt of inventory or power of attorney, some of its parameters will be different. But in any case, the principle of operation in this window is the same.
This window consists of two tabs: Selection (this tab is open in Fig. 1.24) and Sort. Consider the contents of each of them.
On the Selection tab, filter settings are configured. The left part of the tab contains a list of filter conditions (Number, Organization, Type of operation, etc.). To select the required condition, you must select the corresponding check box. To the right of the keyboard or using the selection button, the specific value of the selected filter is indicated: for example, in fig. 1.24 the Counterparty filter is selected, and the filter value is the Zarya Hotel. Between the filter condition and its value from the drop-down list, you should choose the option of applying the filter (Equal, Not Equal, In the list, Not in the list, etc. - different filter conditions have different applications). For example, in fig. 1.24 the Equal option is selected for the Counterparty filter. This means that after applying the filter, only documents that are executed with the counterparty Hotel Zarya will remain in the list. If you set the Not equal option, then all documents drawn up on behalf of the counterparty Hotel Zarya will be excluded from the list (simply put, using the Not equal option enables the reverse filter).
NOTE
Some users confuse Organization and Counterparty. Remember that the Organization parameter means the name of the organization on behalf of which the document is drawn up, and the Counterparty parameter - the name of the counterparty to the document.
To select a multiple filter value (for example, to specify several counterparties), you should select either List or Not list. In the first case, documents matching the specified parameters will be shown, in the second, such documents will be excluded from the list (by analogy with the Equal and Not Equal options).
Fig. 1.25. Filter settings for later use
In this window, enter the arbitrary name of the saved filter using the keyboard and click the Save button.
In the future, to apply the saved filter, open the Selection window, position the cursor in the appropriate position and click the Restore button - as a result, all the parameters of the selected filter will be restored in the Selection and sorting window on the Selection tab. To remove a filter from the Selection list window, place the cursor on it and click the Delete button. The Close button is used to close the Selection list window without selecting a filter, and using the Help button aboutthere is a call for help information.
On the Sort tab, you can configure the sorting of documents contained in the list window. The contents of the tab are shown in fig. 1.26.
Fig. 1.26. Setting Sort Options
On the right side of the tab contains a list of possible signs of sorting, on the left - those that need to be applied. The signs are moved from left to right and vice versa using the arrow buttons located in the central part of the tab. The order of using sorting elements and switching the direction of sorting is carried out using the arrow buttons, which are located in the upper left of the tab. If you select the Use this sorting setting when opening check box, then upon subsequent openings of the list window, all items in it will be sorted by default in accordance with the current sorting settings.
To apply the filter and sorting settings made in the Selection and Sorting window, click OK; using the Cancel button exits this mode without saving changes. The Help button is intended for calling up help information.
Selection by value in the current column - this menu command Actions is also intended to include a filter on the displayed data, and the current value is taken as a filter condition. The current value means the value of the field in which the cursor is located.
Selection history - this submenu is available only after a filter has been applied at least once in the current session. With it, you can quickly select any of the previously applied filters.
Disable selection - this command is available only after applying the filter and is designed to disable it.
Sorting - using the commands of this submenu, the required mode for sorting data in the list is turned on. The most popular options are by number or by date of the document.
Using the commands located in the Actions Based on submenu, you can quickly switch to the mode of generating a new document based on the current document, while the new document will be of a different type. For example, based on a cash receipt order, you can quickly generate a cash register order or an invoice issued using the corresponding command in this submenu, etc.
List customization - using this command, the user enters the configuration mode of the presentation of information contained in the window. When the command is executed, the window shown in fig. 1.27.
Fig. 1.27. List customization
Note that the contents of this window may depend on the current operating mode. For example, when working with cash orders, the set of parameters in it will slightly differ from the same window in the mode of working with powers of attorney or documents for the receipt of inventory items. However, the principle of operation does not change from this.
This window consists of two tabs: Columns and Others. On the Columns tab, by selecting the corresponding checkboxes, specify the columns that will be displayed in the list window. By default, all checkboxes are checked. Changing the order of columns in the list is carried out using the arrow buttons, which are located in the upper left of the tab. If necessary, you can quickly return to the default setting - to do this, use the Standard setting button.
The Other tab includes the following options:
♦ When opening, restore the position - if this check box is selected, then when you open the window of the list of incoming cash orders, the cursor will be set to the same position where it was when the window was last closed.
♦ When opening, go to - the value of this field is selected from the drop-down list. Possible options - At the beginning of the list (in this case, the cursor will be located at the first position of the list when opening the window), At the end of the list (the cursor will be placed at the end of the list), or Automatically.
♦ Update automatically every ... seconds - the use of this parameter is advisable in cases when during one session with the list changes made by other users may occur in it (for example, some documents were added or deleted). If the check box is selected, specify the time interval in seconds after which the list should be automatically updated.
These are the main actions that the user can perform when working in the list box.
Note that list interfaces may have different representations. In fig. 1.28 shows a two-pane list box.
Fig. 1.28. Two-pane list window
This figure shows the counterparty directory window, which, in fact, is also a list interface. As you can see in the figure, it consists of two panels: on the left, a list of groups of counterparties is formed (Buyers, Suppliers, Customers, etc.), and the contents of the current group are displayed on the right. Here we brought this window for an example only, and we will consider it in more detail later, in the corresponding section.
In order to switch to viewing and editing a position from any list window, select it with a mouse click and press the F2 key or Enter, or use the Actions Modify command.
The program provides editing interfaces for entering and changing data. An example of such an interface (in this case, the window for editing an outgoing payment order is shown) is shown in Fig. 1.29.
Fig. 1.29. Editing window example
In this mode, data are entered and edited, after which you need to click OK or Save to save them. In the first case, the entered data will not only be saved, but also recorded, and in the second case, it will only be saved without a document. We will consider editing interfaces in more detail later.
Another typical and important interface is the configuration and reporting interface. An example of such a window is shown in Fig. 1.30.
Fig. 1.30. Setup and report generation
Here you can see the settings and generation of one of the most popular reports - Account Cards, but most other reports are generated in the same way. In the upper part of the window, the parameters for generating the report are set (the time interval, the data of which should be included in the report, accounting account or name of the counterparty, etc.), and the report itself will be displayed in the lower one after clicking the Generate button. Later we will consider in detail the procedure for obtaining the most popular reports in the 1C: Accounting 8 program.
Thus, we got acquainted with the main, most typical interfaces of the program. Of course, here we did not consider all of them, but only those that we will encounter in the first place. With further study of the program, we will get acquainted with other modes of its operation.
Overview of the main tools of the program
Having studied the program interfaces, you can get acquainted with the main tools of the program “1C: Accounting 8”. This is what we will do in this section.
The following tools are used in the 1C Accounting 8 program: main menu, function panel, toolbars and context menu, as well as hotkey combinations.
The main menu is located at the top of the main program interface (see Fig. 1.19). By default, it includes the following menus.
♦ File - the commands in this menu are designed to work with files. These commands are probably familiar to Windows users: they include, for example, the New, Open, Save, Save As, Print, Preview, Exit, and other commands.
♦ Edit - this menu includes commands for editing, searching for data and replacing data. They are also familiar to Windows users: Cut, Copy, Paste, Select All, Find, etc.
♦ Operations - using the commands of this menu, you can select options for working with data from the information base. For example, when executing the Operations Directories command, a window for selecting a directory will open on the screen (see Fig. 1.20). Some commands of the Operations menu duplicate the main menu items.
♦ Bank, Cashier, Purchase, Sale, Warehouse, Production, OS, NMA, Salary, Personnel - each of the listed menus is intended for maintaining the corresponding accounting section. As we study the book, we will become more familiar with them.
♦ Reports - the commands of this menu are designed to configure, generate and print a wide variety of reports.
♦ Enterprise - this menu contains general commands. With their help, you can go, for example, to the mode of setting up the correct correspondence of accounts, determining the accounting policy, adjusting accounting parameters, viewing and editing the production calendar, etc.
♦ Service - this menu includes commands designed to enter the mode of working with the service functions of the system.
♦ Windows - this menu contains commands for managing program windows.
♦ Help - this menu includes commands designed to call up help information, as well as to view information about the program.
Directly under the main menu of the program is a toolbar. Its buttons duplicate the corresponding commands of the main menu. The user can independently change the contents of the toolbar, proposed by default.
In addition, each program interface has its own toolbar, usually located at the top of the window. For example, in the list interfaces (see Fig. 1.21 and 1.28), it can begin with the Actions button, and in the editing windows (see Fig. 1.29), with the Operation button.
In most program interfaces, right-clicking brings up the context menu. The contents of this menu depend on where it is called. Many context menu commands are duplicated by the Actions menu commands, as well as the corresponding buttons on the toolbar.
Another convenient and useful program tool is the function bar. It occupies the main part of the main program window, and consists of several tabs (in Fig. 1.19 the function panel is open on the Enterprise tab). Using the function panel, you can quickly, with one click, go to the desired operating mode immediately after starting the program.
Also in the program you can use the so-called "hot keys". For example, switching to document editing mode is performed by pressing the F2 key, deleting a position from the list using the Shift + Delete key combination (however, this operation requires the appropriate access rights), etc. As we become familiar with the program, we will use the most popular hotkeys, so there is no need to provide a description here.
The inclusion of new features of the technological platform 1C 8.2
The configuration “Enterprise Accounting”, which we consider in this book, works on the technological platform of version 8.2, although it was originally created under version 8.1. Therefore, after connecting the configuration to platform 8.2, the application solution interfaces look the same as in version 8.1.
To make the interface and tools of the 1C 8.2 platform look new, you must either use a configuration developed specifically for this version, or adapt the existing configuration to it. At the time of writing this book, specifically for the 1C 8.2 platform, only one configuration has been developed - "Trade Management" version 11. Therefore, in this section we will talk about how to adapt the "Enterprise Accounting" configuration created for the 1C 8.1 platform to the 1C 8.2 platform.
All necessary actions are performed in the “Configurator” mode after the existing configuration is connected to the platform (how to do this is described above in the section “How to connect the configuration or download the infobase?”). As we noted earlier, by default in the Configurator the application solution compatibility mode is enabled with version 8.1. To see the new platform 8.2 interface, this mode should be turned off. To do this, proceed as follows.
In the configuration tree, click on the top position of the hierarchy (by default it is called Accounting Enterprise). Then press the right mouse button, and in the context menu that opens, select the Properties command (this command is also called by pressing Alt + Enter). As a result, the configuration properties window opens, as shown in Fig. 1.31.
Fig. 1.31. Configuration properties
In this window, view and edit configuration properties. Please note that many parameters are organized into sections, and to open or close a section, you need to click on the small black triangle to the left of its name. For example, in fig. 1.31 sections Presentation and Development are closed, and the sections Basic, Reference and Compatibility are open. By default, when you open this window, all sections will be opened in it, so its appearance may differ from that shown in Fig. 1.31. If all sections of the window are open, use the vertical scroll bar to navigate.
In the context of this issue, we are interested in two parameters in this window: the Main launch mode field (General section) and the Compatibility mode field (Compatibility section). In the Primary launch mode field, from the drop-down list, select the value Managed application, and in the Compatibility mode field, select Do not use (Fig. 1.32).
Fig. 1.32. Editing configuration properties
After changing the compatibility mode, it is recommended to restart the Configurator, about which the program will issue a corresponding informational message. Previously, you should save the changes made: this can be done either using the main menu command Configuration Save configuration, or simply in the affirmative answer the corresponding request, which will be displayed on the screen when the Configurator is closed.
ATTENTION
If the parameters in the configuration properties window are not editable (in other words, you cannot change their values), you need to unlock the configuration. To do this, run the main menu command Configuration Support Configuring support, and in the window that opens, use the corresponding button to enable the possibility of changes.
After starting the Configurator, execute the command in the Configuration main menu in it. Update the database configuration (this command is also called by pressing the F7 key). This is necessary so that the changes made in the Configurator are reflected in the applied solution (that is, in the “1C Enterprise” mode). Now run the program in the “1C Enterprise” mode ”(this can be done both from the launch window, see Fig. 1.4, and from the Configurator using the 1C Enterprise Enterprise main menu command, also called by pressing the key combination Ctrl + F5) - as a result the application solution window will look as shown in Fig. 1.33.
Fig. 1.33. Applied solution on the platform 1C 8.2
Despite the fact that our configuration is already connected to the platform, we see that the application solution interface contains almost no tools for working. The main menu is now located not along the upper border of the program window, but opens in the form of a regular menu containing several submenus (see Fig. 1.33). Moreover, the main menu includes only commands that relate to the technological platform, and not to the configuration. In other words, no matter what configuration you work with - “Enterprise Accounting”, “Trade Management”, etc., the main menu of the program in the “1C Enterprise” mode will contain the same set of functions.
Obviously, for further work it is necessary to perform a number of actions to include the necessary tools in the program interface (at least - the commands designed to call the directories, select the operating mode, switch to reporting, etc.).
However, even in this form, you can operate the program, although this is not very convenient. To access its operating modes, execute the All Functions command in the main menu (see Fig. 1.33) - as a result, a window will appear on the screen, which is shown in Fig. 1.34.
Fig. 1.34. All functions and commands of the program
This window contains a hierarchical list of all configuration objects - in approximately the same form as it is formed in the Configurator (see Fig. 1.17). To switch, for example, to the mode of working with incoming cash orders, expand the Documents branch, select with the mouse the position Cash receipt order and click the Open button (you can also simply double-click on the required position). Similarly, the transition to the mode of work with directories, reports and other configuration objects.
But, as we have already noted, this is not very convenient, therefore this method can be used only in exceptional cases. For full-fledged work, a normal user interface should be formed, and we will describe how to do this later.
The main elements of the interface of the 1C 8.2 program are the section bar, navigation bar and action bar. In fig. 1.35 these elements are shown for the configuration "Trade Management" version 11, which was created specifically for the platform 1C 8.2.
Fig. 1.35. The working interface of the configuration "Trade Management" 11 on the platform 1C 8.2
A distinctive feature of version 8.2 compared to previous versions of the program is that now the structure of the subsystems formed in the “Configurator” directly affects the interface and toolkit of the application solution. The first level of the subsystem corresponds to the section in the application solution, the following levels correspond to the names of groups of commands in the navigation panel. As for the configuration objects included in the subsystem, they can be displayed both in the navigation panel and in the action panel (in particular, the Reports configuration objects are displayed in the action panel).
It is worth noting that the adaptation of the “Enterprise Accounting 1.6” configuration created for operation on platform 8.1 to platform 8.2 is a rather time-consuming process. It will not work just to switch something and automatically transfer configuration objects from one platform to the second - primarily because the platform 8.2 has some fundamental differences from 8.1. After switching the configuration, the program interface in the “1C: Enterprise” mode will look like the one shown in Fig. 1.33, simply saying “no way”. Therefore, you will have to determine on your own what exactly to include in the composition of the interface of the application solution, to come up with the structure of the interface, determine the order of grouping and placement of its elements, etc. Here we will not do this, but only with a specific example we will demonstrate how to independently form interface for working on the platform 8.2.
For example, we will create the Finance section, which will be displayed on the section panel, and include the Banks directory in it, as well as commands for switching to the operating mode of incoming and outgoing cash orders and incoming and outgoing payment orders.
After you turn on managed application mode and turn off compatibility mode (see Fig. 1.32) and get a new empty interface (see Fig. 1.33), exit the “1C: Enterprise” mode and return to the “Configurator” operating mode. In the configuration tree, right-click on the Subsystem branch and select the Add command in the context menu that opens (Fig. 1.36).
Fig. 1.36. Choosing a command to add a subsystem
In the window that opens, on the Basic tab, fill in the parameters as shown in Fig. 1.37.
Fig. 1.37. Adding a subsystem, Basic tab
Note that you can enter any arbitrary text in the Explanation field - it will be displayed as a tooltip when you move the mouse pointer to the section name in the “1C: Enterprise” mode. Be sure to check the Include in command interface box - otherwise, the section in the application solution will not be displayed.
Now go to the Composition tab, and in the upper part of the interface select the configuration objects to be included in the subsystem: in the Hierarchy section of the Directories, check the Banks checkbox, and in the Documents section - the Payment Receipt Incoming, Payment Order, Outgoing, Incoming Cash Order and Outgoing Cash Order positions. At the same time, a list of selected objects is automatically generated at the bottom of the tab (Fig. 1.38).
Fig. 1.38. Including configuration objects in the subsystem
Now close this window, open the Directories section in the configuration tree, right-click on the can’s position, and in the context menu that opens, select the Properties command (Fig. 1.39).
Fig. 1.39. Switching to the properties mode of the Banks configuration object
In the properties window that opens, in the View section, select the Use standard commands check box (Fig. 1.40).
Fig. 1.40. Editing configuration object properties
Close this window, then, in turn, perform the same operation for the configuration objects Payment Order Incoming, Payment Order Outgoing, Incoming Cash Register Order and Outgoing Cash Order, which are located in the configuration tree on the Documents branch.
After that, save changes made to the configuration using the Configuration main menu command Save configuration, and update the database configuration using the Configuration command Update database configuration. Now run the program in “1C: Enterprise” mode, and if everything was done correctly, the application solution interface will look like the one shown in Fig. 1.41.
Fig. 1.41. Self-designed application solution interface
Note that the Desktop section is automatically added (you can add the most frequently used elements to it), and we built the Finance section ourselves. If you click on the Banks link in the navigation panel, the contents of the banks directory will be displayed (Fig. 1.42).
Fig. 1.42. The reference book of banks in the application solution on the platform 1C 8.2
The same reference when working on platform 8.1 is shown in Fig. 3.23. As for the rest of the links we added, they are intended to switch to the mode of working with the corresponding configuration documents.
Similarly, you can add any sections you need to the application solution on the 1C 8.2 platform, and fill them with subsections and commands in accordance with your needs.
Using "1C: Accounting" today is so developed that they came up with many ways to learn how to work in this program:
Courses. Almost in every city there are methodological centers, the list of services of which includes a 1C training program. For a set amount, they will teach you how to work in the program, and explain the accounting basics. It turns out theory and practice, all in one.
Educational books. There are many tutorials and guides on this topic. In this literature, each action or operation is described step-by-step, a specific configuration and the features of work in it are described.
Demo version. Usually a disk with a demo version of the program is attached to a self-instruction book. When you start from a computer, an imitation of the fact that you are working in this program is created. A fictitious company is entered and then you can perform any actions that fall within the competence of the program: fill out documents, generate reports, make transactions, and perform other accounting-related activities.
Information from the Internet. This includes the knowledge of 1C using Internet resources: sites, forums, discussions, online publications and magazines,.
Direct work experience. This method is the best of all. If it is possible to learn in the process of performing a labor function, acquaintance with 1C will pass quickly and fruitfully.
Start of work in “1C: Accounting”
First you need to install the program on your computer’s hard drive. Entrust it to the specialist. After installing in a clean 1C, you will need to enter all the data about the organization in which the records are kept, these are the details, the accounting policy used in the work of the item. If initially all the settings are set correctly, then 1C will only work to help the accountant. In one program, you can create several databases with different companies.
“1C: Accounting” has the ability to process personnel documents, hiring and dismissing employees, arranging holidays, and accounting. Initially, all these data will need to be entered into the program. From time to time it is advisable to make a database archive in case of loss of information or computer breakdown. Also, as legislation changes and new releases become available, the program needs to be updated in order to work correctly and update the data.
Since “1C: Accounting” is a development of one manufacturer, it has its own individual interface developed over time and, despite continuous improvement and updates, it will be easy for those who once learned to work in it to master the new version.
The program "1C Accounting 8" was created to automate accounting and tax accounting. Suitable for various enterprises:
- trading companies (wholesale, retail, commission trade),
- organizations involved in the service sector,
- production organizations.
Basic Activities in Accounting 8.3
First you should familiarize yourself with the main actions available in the program. After all, Accounting 8.3 is a unique product that can notice several employees at once. Of course, it is necessary to evaluate in detail the main functions used in practice by each user.
- Accounting for documentation of one or more organizations;
- Inventory control;
- Accounting for contracts;
- Accounting for commissions;
- Accounting operations;
- Asset accounting;
- VAT accounting;
- Payroll preparation;
- Reporting.
An extensive list shows how useful the tutorial is. With its help, a person quickly becomes a real specialist. Yes, he will need accounting education, but it can become secondary.
The main part of the actions for the user is performed by the software, which means that he will not have to go into individual details. So it's time to get acquainted with a few separate actions.
Accounting and tax accounting in the program 1C Accounting 8 is carried out in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
The structure of “1C Accounting 8” includes a chart of accounts corresponding to the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation “On approval of a chart of accounts for accounting of financial and economic activities of organizations and instructions for its use”.
The composition of the accounts, the organization of analytical, currency, and quantitative accounting on the accounts comply with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation on conducting accounting and reporting data. If necessary, users have the opportunity to independently create additional sub-accounts and sections of analytical accounting.
Accounting “from the document” and typical operations
The main method of reflecting business transactions in the accounting is to enter configuration documents similar to the primary documents. The user can directly enter individual transactions.
You can also use collective entry posting. This tool is called "typical operations", it is not difficult to configure it.
Accounting for multiple organizations
The 1C Accounting 8 program makes it possible to use a common information base for accounting and tax accounting of several organizations - legal entities, as well as individual entrepreneurs. This is very convenient, especially if the economic activities of these enterprises are closely related.
Users can use common lists of goods, contractors, workers, warehouses (storage locations), etc., and create accounting and tax reporting separately for each organization.
Documentation of several organizations
One of the most advanced steps is to collaborate with several organizations. Such services are offered by accountants who prefer to work remotely.
They do not depend on the only organization in which Accounting 8.3 helps them. Its versatility allows you to simultaneously put various databases on the server in order to gain access to the documentation of enterprises.
Interestingly, version 8.3 was not a novelty in this matter. With the advent of 1C: Enterprise, many managers forgot about the permanent staff of specialists. It is easier for them to remotely collaborate with the only professional who can easily cope with papers in a huge plant. Of course, this is much more profitable, and business management is not violated by anything.
Accounting for material and material values \u200b\u200b(goods and materials)
Accounting for goods, materials and finished products is implemented in accordance with RAS 5/01 “Accounting for inventories” and guidelines for its use.
The following methods for valuation of MPZ at their disposal are supported:
- at average cost
- at the cost of the first time acquisition MPZ (method FIFO).
To support the methods for evaluating FIFO, batch accounts are maintained on the accounts of the MPZ. Different assessment methods can be applied independently for each organization. In the accounting and tax accounting of the organization, the methods for assessing the MPZ coincide.
Inventory control
In warehouses, quantitative or quantitative-total accounting may be kept. In the first case, the valuation of goods and materials for the purposes of accounting and tax accounting does not depend on which warehouse they were received from. Warehouse accounting can be disabled if it is not necessary.
In the "1C Accounting 8" program, inventory data is recorded that is automatically verified with accounting data. On the basis of the inventory reflects the identification of surpluses and write-offs of shortages.
In addition, you need to highlight stock accounting. Even the training version includes a lot of useful operations in this concept. Among them are accounting for incoming products, calculation of balances, volumes sold and other actions. At such a banal level, of course, it is impossible to describe in detail the true charm of ready-made databases, but nevertheless an example is useful.
Warehouse accounting has always been handled by a whole group of people. They had to count the units of goods according to the documents, and then combine the balances in order to calculate the profit.
Now the data appears in front of the user after just one click of the mouse, which reduces the time spent, reducing them to zero. Because of this, installing even the training version allows you to immediately prepare for convenience.
Trade Accounting
The program automates the accounting of operations of receipt and sale of goods and services. When selling goods, invoices are issued for payment, and waybills and invoices are drawn up. All wholesale operations are accounted for in the context of contracts with buyers and suppliers. For imported goods, data on the country of origin and the number of the customs declaration are taken into account.
For retail, both operational reflection of retail sales and sales reflection based on inventory results are supported. Retail products may be recorded at purchase or selling prices. For retail sales, payment by bank loans and the use of payment cards are supported.
In “1C Accounting 8”, the use of several types of prices is supported, for example: wholesale, small wholesale, retail, purchasing, etc. This simplifies the reflection of receipt and sale operations.
Commission trading accounting
The accounting of commission trade has been automated both in relation to goods taken for commission (from the principal) and transferred for further sale (to the commissioner). The reflection of operations on the transfer of goods to the subcommission is supported.
When generating a report to the principal or registering the report of the commission agent, you can immediately make a calculation and reflect the deduction of commission.
Accounting for agency contracts
In the program 1C Accounting 8, accounting of agent services is implemented on the part of the agent (rendering services on his own behalf, but at the expense of the principal) and on the part of the principal (rendering services through the agent).
Cash accounting
Implemented accounting of cash and non-cash cash flows and foreign exchange transactions. It supports the entry and printing of payment orders, credit and debit cash orders.
Settlement operations with suppliers, buyers, and accountants are automated (including transferring funds to employees' bank cards or corporate bank cards), depositing cash into a current account and receiving cash on a cash check, purchasing and selling foreign currency.
When transactions are reflected, the amounts of payments are automatically divided into advance and payment. On the basis of incoming and outgoing cash orders, a cash book of the established form is formed.
Implemented data exchange with programs such as "Bank Client".
Accounting for settlements with counterparties
Settlements with contractors in the configuration are always carried out accurate to the settlement document. When preparing documents for receipts and sales, you can use both general prices for all counterparties and individual prices for a specific contract.
Accounting for fixed assets and intangible assets
Accounting for fixed assets and intangible assets is carried out in accordance with PBU 6/01 “Accounting for fixed assets” and PBU 14/2007 “Accounting for intangible assets”.
All basic accounting operations are automated: receipt, acceptance for accounting, depreciation, modernization, transfer, write-off, inventory. It is possible to distribute the amount of accrued depreciation for the month between several accounts or objects of analytical accounting. For fixed assets that are used seasonally, depreciation schedules may be used.
Accounting for the main and auxiliary production
During the month, finished products are recorded at the planned cost, and at the end of the month, the actual cost of the manufactured products and services rendered is calculated.
Accounting indirect costs
The program has the ability to account for various costs that are not directly related to the release of products, the provision of work, services - indirect costs. At the end of the month, indirect costs are automatically debited.
To account for general business expenses, the use of the direct costing method is supported. This method provides that general business expenses are written off in the month of their occurrence and are fully allocated to expenses of the current period. If the organization does not use the direct costing method, then general business expenses are distributed between the value of the output and work in progress.
When writing off indirect costs, it is possible to use various distribution methods for product (service) product groups. For indirect costs, the following distribution bases are possible:
- output volume
- planned cost
- salary,
- material costs
- revenue
- direct costs,
- separate items of direct costs.
VAT accounting
The accounting of value added tax is implemented in accordance with the provisions of Ch. 21 of the Tax Code. Books of purchases and sales in 1C Accounting 8 are filled in automatically.
The calculation of the cost of production of goods and services manufactured by the main and auxiliary production, accounting of the processing of tolling raw materials, accounting of work clothes, special equipment, inventory and household supplies is automated.
Amounts of VAT on indirect costs in accordance with Art. 170 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation may be allocated to sales operations subject to VAT and exempt from VAT.
To control the procedure for performing routine operations, the program has a “VAT Accounting Assistant”.
Indeed, the full version of Accounting 8.3 allows you to forget about additional tax calculations. For this, there is a special setting that automatically exposes the necessary data, coping with the work instead of a specialist.
In the training version, you can freely familiarize yourself with a similar function, so that later you can regularly use it in practice. Even professionals never resort to additional resources and paper work. It is enough for them to use a ready-made own database in which the main ticks for daily work are marked.
Payroll, personnel and personified accounting
“1C Accounting 8” keeps track of the movement of personnel, including accounting for employees at the main place of work and part-time, while internal part-time support is optional, that is, support can be disabled if this is not accepted at the enterprise. The formation of uniform forms under labor law is ensured.
Automated:
- payroll to employees of the enterprise according to salary with the ability to specify the method of reflection in accounting separately for each type of accrual;
- conducting settlements with employees up to paying salaries and transferring salaries to card accounts of employees;
- deposit;
- calculation of taxes and contributions regulated by law, the taxable base of which is the salary of employees of organizations;
- generation of relevant reports (on personal income tax, social tax, contributions to the FIU), including the preparation of reports for the personalized accounting system of FIUs.
To simplify the work with documents on the accounting of personnel and wages, the "Assistant for the accounting of salaries" has been implemented.
The program "1C Accounting 8" supports different taxation systems:
- general taxation system (income tax for organizations in accordance with Chapter 25 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- simplified taxation system (Chapter 26.2 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- taxation system in the form of UTII (Chapter 26.3 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation);
- Personal income tax for individual entrepreneurs (in accordance with Chapter 23 of the Tax Code).
Payroll preparation
Using the training version, you can also get acquainted with the quick calculation of the salaries of all employees. Enterprise 8.3 is based on combining several individual products, so as a result you can always get the full amount of output data. Now the accountant will only have to display a ready-made report in which the amounts paid will be indicated.
Interestingly, the shell works with several types of salaries at once. It is prepared for interest, salary, and even ratios applied several decades ago.
This allows you to get acquainted with common principles during training, and then freely get a job in an organization of any size.
Income tax accounting
Income tax is maintained in the same accounts as the accounting. This simplifies the comparison of accounting and tax accounting data and compliance with the requirements of PBU 18/02 “Accounting for income tax calculations”.
According to tax accounting data, tax registers and income tax returns are automatically generated.
Simplified tax system
The accounting of the economic activities of organizations and individual entrepreneurs using a simplified taxation system is automated.
Tax accounting in accordance with the simplified tax system is maintained in accordance with Sec. 26.2 of the Tax Code. The following taxable items are supported:
- income
- income reduced by the amount of expenses.
The book of accounting for income and expenses is generated automatically.
Accounting for single tax on imputed income
Regardless of whether the organization uses the simplified tax system or the general taxation system, some of its activities may be subject to a single imputed income tax (UTII).
“1C Accounting 8” provides for the separation of accounting for income and expenses associated with activities taxable and non-taxable UTII. Expenses that cannot be attributed to a certain type of activity at the time of their completion can be allocated automatically at the end of the period.
Accounting of income and expenses of individual entrepreneurs - payers of personal income tax
The accounting of income and expenses of individual entrepreneurs applying the general taxation system is carried out in accordance with the Procedure for recording income and expenses and business transactions for individual entrepreneurs, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of 13.08.2002 No. 86n / BG-3-04 / 430, chapters 23 and 25 of the Tax Code.
The Book of income and expenses and business transactions is automatically generated in the form approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2002 No. 86н / БГ-3-04 / 430, and tax returns on personal income tax.
Final operations of the month
Automated routine operations performed at the end of the month, including currency revaluation, write-offs of deferred expenses, determination of financial results and others.
Standard accounting reports
The program "1C Accounting 8" provides the user with a set of standard reports that allow you to analyze balances, turns on accounting accounts in various sections.
When generating reports, the user has the opportunity to configure the grouping, selection and sorting of information displayed in the report, based on the specifics of the organization’s activities and the functions performed by the user.
Regulatory Reporting
The structure of “1C Accounting 8” includes all necessary forms of accounting and tax reporting reports, as well as reports for statistical agencies and state funds.
It is possible to upload accounting and tax reports to a file for delivery in electronic form. Also, the 1C Accounting 8 program supports the technology of applying a two-dimensional barcode on tax return sheets.
For the submission to the FIU of data on the calculated insurance period and insurance premiums paid, personified personnel records are kept. Corresponding reporting can also be recorded on magnetic media.
Reporting
Reporting is perhaps one of the most important software features. Because of this, the most time is devoted to these activities during training. Accordingly, the educational version makes it easy to get acquainted with all the main nuances, so that later they can be put into practice during work.
Training 1C in practice is a simple and useful step for a person. The presence of a limited version allows you to check the instructions, as well as work them out to automatism.
After that, the user freely switches to a full-fledged software shell to perform all necessary actions. As a result, the worked-out actions will allow replacing the whole department with the help of a useful database.
At all times, the accounting of any organization required the hiring of several specialists. Moreover, a pile of papers still never understood, as it required too much time. Now there is software that can fix all problems instantly. It is well known to all professionals, like all other 1C products.
What is the essence of tutorial version 8.3?
If a person wants to master the work with a complex shell in practice, he will need the educational version 8.3. It has a lot of nuances that allow you to quickly master the basic skills of working with databases in order to move on to more serious developments. Moreover, the finished project guarantees a minimum investment of time, which is positively different from any courses.
It should be noted that Accounting 8.3 is a separate version of the Enterprise. It is prepared to work with several major databases of the organization, so you should consider its capabilities in detail. It is in them that the essence of accessible training is hidden, which occurs exclusively in practice with the help of complete instructions.
http://1c-md.com/stati/1s-buxgalteriya-8-3-uchebnaya.html
Enterprise 8.3 Practical Guide 1C Developer M. G. Radchenko
Release Year: 2013
Version: 3
Developer: M. G. Radchenko Ed. Firm 1C Examples and typical techniques
Developer's site: 1c.ru
Bit: 32bit-64
Language: Russian
Tabletka: Not required
System requirements: Processor: 1.4-2.5 GHz RAM 1.0 GB and 10 GB of free hard disk space
Description: Book of M. G. Radchenko 1C: Enterprise 8.3. Practical guide developer. Examples and typical techniques is a manual that allows you to quickly learn the methods of development and modification of applied solutions on the platform 1C: Enterprise 8.3. On the example of creating a real applied solution, the structure of various system objects, their purpose and methodology of use are shown. The procedures are given in the embedded language, including the use of the query language, which are provided with detailed comments. The book can be used both as a practical guide and as a reference manual. The application solution considered in the book takes into account the accumulated development experience in the 1C: Enterprise 8 system and demonstrates many new features and mechanisms provided by version 8.3. The material is designed for beginner developers who are not familiar with the 1C: Enterprise 8 system.
Clear Self-Tutorial 1C Accounting 8.3 - How to compile a report on retail sales.
1C: Enterprise 8.3
- this is a significant development of the platform architecture in the direction of multi-platform, mobility and work using the Internet. All these questions, of course, are of interest primarily to experienced developers and are beyond the scope of this book.
However, for beginners, this version of the platform contains interesting features that need to be understood and used effectively. The new interface “Taxi”, the operation of the interface without the use of modal windows, new search possibilities on the line, convenient methods for editing program code - these and other innovations of version 8.3 are considered in this edition. The authors hope that the book will be useful to anyone who wants to learn how to develop applied solutions on the new 1C: Enterprise 8.3 platform.
Who is this book for?
The book is based on a real example of the development of an applied solution for a small company that provides household services. As you study this book, you will learn the basic development techniques in the 1C: Enterprise system, master various areas of business automation, including accounting, payroll, etc.
Why was such an example chosen? On the one hand, the area of \u200b\u200bservice is well known to most of us. One way or another, but with a variety of services we encounter constantly. These are repair of various household appliances, car maintenance, laundry and dry cleaning, hairdressing and beauty services, and much more.
On the other hand, the activities of a repair company are well suited to demonstrate the capabilities of 1C: Enterprise. Here there are a variety of services provided to customers, supplying the company with necessary materials and their consumption in the provision of services. The work of such an enterprise allows you to consider personnel accounting and payroll. There is an opportunity to illustrate accounting. This variety of activities allows you to quite widely show the possibilities of generating various reports and summary data based on available information.
The book is addressed more to novice developers who are taking their first steps in developing applied solutions. The explanations given in the book are detailed and accessible even for those who are only remotely familiar with the basics of programming.
If you are just starting to work with “1C: Enterprise” or you are not even at all familiar with this system, but really want to learn, then this book is for you. The purpose of the book is to "hold your hand" on the main stages of developing a simple applied solution in the "1C: Enterprise" system and to show that there is nothing inaccessible to a person with intelligence.
For more experienced developers, this book will also be useful and will allow you to recall or study in more detail individual moments of development.
This article is the first of our series. This material will be useful not only to novice programmers and administrators who, by the nature of their activities, are faced with the installation of the 1C: Enterprise 8 platform, but also to ordinary users who have independently purchased any boxed configuration and are faced with system deployment issues.
The article describes in detail the deployment example, along with explaining basic concepts such as the platform, configuration, and its operating modes.
Applicability
The article was written for the “1C: Enterprise” platform version 8.3.4.437, but if you are working with a later version of the platform, then all the material is absolutely relevant.
Installation and start-up 1C: Enterprise 8
There are two modes of working with the information base: file and client-server. For now, we will only talk about the file mode of operation, since it is with him, as a rule, that beginners encounter.
The file mode of operation is intended only for a small number of users (usually up to 5-10 people). In this case, the entire infobase, configuration, list and user settings are in one file (1cv8.1CD) in the local network.
So, we will pass to concepts. A platform is, at its core, an environment for developing applications (configurations). It also ensures the operation of applications (the execution of program code). But the environment is very high. The platform defines a set of basic objects with their own properties and methods - these are constants, documents, directories, registers and many others.
The whole set of objects is enough to solve the problems of automation of accounting related to business (and many related tasks).
To work with many specific objects, a special development language was created in which high-level programs are written - the integrated language 1C: Enterprise 8. In addition, there are all kinds of editors: dialogs, tables, HTML documents.
Thus, from the set of objects available in the platform, specific applications can be created (the term configurations is often used). It is very important that the configuration is a solution that is open for editing.
That is, in the configuration itself, the programmer can add something from the set of objects at his disposal, or change something in the existing configuration objects.
However, it should be borne in mind that this mechanism is quite dangerous, especially in the hands of beginners who do not know all the features of a particular configuration. There were cases that instead of global rewriting of program code, it was enough to put 1-2 ticks in the system settings in user mode.
It should be noted that using one platform it is possible not only to create several configurations, but also to ensure the operation of many information databases (databases).
It seems that you already understood the difference between the platform and the configuration. But how is the configuration different from the base?
A configuration is something like a template. Based on this template, you can create any number of databases. All these databases will have the same structure, however, each of them can take into account different data (for example, for different enterprises).
For clarity and ease of understanding, the platform can be compared with a DVD writer. It allows you to record something and play. In this case, the configuration can be compared with the image for recording a disc. You can record many discs from one image, which in this example can be compared with infobases.
When you come to a client with a new box (this is often done by interns in franchisees), which contains disks and documentation, it should be borne in mind that disks usually contain an outdated platform and configuration. Therefore, you need to properly prepare for the visit.
To do this, put on your flash drive the latest distribution kit “1C: Enterprise Technology Platform for Windows” (note that some people confuse it with the 1C: Enterprise Thin Client distribution, which is not always suitable). On a flash drive, you still need a full distribution kit or configuration update distribution kit, and something else that will be discussed a bit later.
Distributions are installation files (sets of files) that contain software and allow you to correctly install it on your computer.
What to install earlier (platform or configuration) does not matter, but you cannot create a working base without a platform for sure. Let's start by installing the platform. In addition, in order to guarantee that you can immediately determine the template directory, it is better to first install the platform (we will talk about the template directory a little later in another article). Consider the simplest scenarios when the installation is completely done in manual mode.
There are various platform distributions for different operating systems. The most complete line of different platform distributions is presented for the 32-bit (x86) version of Windows.
Using these distributions, you can install a thick client (where you can configure, program), it is possible to install the Application Server 1C, there is a separate distribution for the thin client (previously noted).
The thin client is intended only for user mode (all calculations will be performed on the server, and mapping will occur on the client). It should be noted that for the 64-bit version of Windows, you can install 32-bit applications, they will work in emulation mode.
Consider the installation process of the platform. We will assume that your client has the operating system Windows XP, Windows 7 or Windows 8. Then you can safely install the platform distribution prepared by you.
The first time, indeed, quite often you will come across single (i.e., one computer) or local installations. At the same time, it is necessary to select those shown in the figure as part of the installed components.
By marking the first line, we select the main components of 1C: Enterprise, including components for administration, configuration, a thick and thin client.
If you click on the “Change” button (bottom right), you can change the directory for installing the platform. However, this should not be done without good reason, since different platform releases do not replace each other, but accumulate in directories C: \\ Program Files (x86) \\ 1cv8. By default, the latest release of the platform is launched, if necessary, any of them can be launched.
At the last step, the system offers to install the protection driver. Moreover, the installation flag is enabled by default.
A protection driver is needed only if there is a security key (local or server) on this computer. When using a network license or software protection, it makes no sense to install a protection driver.
To run the platform, in each release of the platform, there are three executable files in the bin subdirectory:
- 1cv8.exe - start in thick client mode;
- 1cv8c.exe - launch of the thin client (it is impossible to work in the Configurator mode);
- 1cv8s.exe - depending on the selected database parameters, it calls one of the two previous ones.
Also in the catalog C: \\ Program Files (x86) \\ 1cv8 \\ common \\ There is an interactive 1start.exe launcher. Unlike previous executable files, the latest platform release installed on the system is launched.
On the menu Start - 1C: Enterprise 8 the shortcut to this launcher is the first. It is the last way to launch the platform that is recommended.
We hope that everything turned out well for you, and in the next article we will be able to move on to the questions of installing configuration templates (on the basis of which infobases will be created), as well as installing updates for configurations.