Is it possible to move walls in an apartment? Types of redevelopment that do not require approval

Many people, especially those living in Khrushchev-era apartment buildings, try to remodel their small and uncomfortable apartments using redevelopment. But it’s one thing to do it in an individual building, and quite another to change a doorway or move a partition in a high-rise building, where almost every wall is load-bearing. All this ensures the safety of residents in combination with all technical design Houses.

What is redevelopment? According to housing code– this concept includes all changes in the configuration of the apartment that require inclusion in the technical passport. This:

• changing the location of load-bearing walls and partitions,
• relocation of window and door openings,
• re-equipment of vestibules and dark storage rooms,
• interior arrangement,
• refurbishment of bathrooms,
• division of large rooms,
• expansion of living space due to household premises,
• glazing of a balcony or loggia,
• replacement gas stoves to electrical
• moving a bathroom, kitchen or toilet.

All these types of changes in the apartment are subject to redevelopment and the relevant authorities.

What cannot be demolished: a load-bearing wall

Most often, redevelopment involves the demolition of interior partitions. But not everyone knows which walls can be touched and which ones cannot. Reckless demolition of structures leads to a change in the action of forces on the remaining surfaces and rooms located below. In addition, ceilings left without support may not withstand the load and collapse at any time. Since, in addition to separating different rooms, the wall elements serve as ceiling supports for all similar structural elements located above.

The main (load-bearing) walls in practice are located perpendicular to the floor beams. If it is made of concrete slabs, then their ends rest on the surface of the supporting structure. Usually these are walls between apartments and blocks, or external ones. As a rule, only partitions are equipped inside the apartment.

How to find out which wall is load-bearing?

Is it possible to determine the purpose of the wall yourself? Certainly. By its thickness or the material from which it is built. In panel-type houses, internal blocks have a thickness of up to 120 mm. Therefore, they can be considered partitions (their thickness ranges from 80-120 mm). The load-bearing surface must have a thickness of at least 140 mm. Most often, in such houses, the external walls are made with a thickness of 200 mm. In brick houses, external, load-bearing structures have a thickness of 380 mm or more, inter-apartment structures - 250 mm, and partitions - 120 or 80 mm.

The material most often used for load-bearing walls in panel houses is wall or inter-apartment blocks made of reinforced concrete with various additives to lighten the structure and increase thermal protection. Internal partitions in 90% of panel houses are made of gypsum concrete panels. In brick buildings, the main material for all walls is red and sand-lime brick, differing in size. Gypsum concrete panels can also be used as partitions.

Of course, no one is going to demolish the outer walls, but the partitions can be removed by obtaining the appropriate permission. To accurately determine which wall is load-bearing, it is best to use BTI data - a detailed floor plan. There, all main walls are marked with thicker lines, and partitions that do not have such functions are marked with thinner lines.

What is needed for demolition?

In any case, before starting work on demolishing a particular wall and moving it, you need to consult a qualified specialist. As well as a full calculation that takes into account the distribution of loads that must be transferred from old structures to newly erected ones. In addition, you may have to change the power supply circuit. In addition, it must be borne in mind that uncoordinated demolition of the walls of the premises may prevent its sale or the preparation of donation documents, etc. But that’s not all. Such actions are considered illegal and entail fines, summonses to court, and can even lead to confiscation of the apartment.

Therefore, approval of the redevelopment project is necessary in any case. What is needed for that?

1. A plan developed by the BTI service specifically for this type of redevelopment.
2. Drawing up a technical report for the demolition of a wall.
3. Obtaining a positive conclusion from the housing inspection at the place of registration.

Attention! Updated information about necessary documents and the amount of fines for illegal redevelopment apartments:

Many people today are dissatisfied with the quality and layout of their apartments. This is evidenced by the statistics of redevelopments. There are a large number of home invasions every year. However, only five percent of redevelopments are carried out legally. As a result, officials decided to cancel some redundant requirements, and the approval procedure itself became clearer and simpler.

Reasons for apartment redevelopment

The main reason for the ongoing redevelopment is the housing issue, that is, people try to improve their living conditions whenever possible. Redevelopment of premises is a set of works that make changes to the purpose and configuration of the premises. It is an important issue for those who are planning to carry out a good renovation.

Some want to increase the area of ​​the rooms, others want to make two rooms out of one, and others need a dressing room or pantry, while others want to insulate the balcony and make a winter garden.

Previously, citizens had to coordinate almost every action they took, even replacing linoleum, glazing a balcony, and others. But most residents ignored these demands. As a result, in 2012, a document was born in which new rules for approving the redevelopment of apartments were adopted. It is compiled according to the principle: what is not prohibited is permitted.

Permitted work during redevelopment

The list of works related to the redevelopment of premises, which should be coordinated with the housing inspection, has today been reduced by thirteen points.

Currently, citizens have the opportunity to independently perform:

• replacing flooring,
• installation of a satellite dish on the facade,
• replacement of plumbing and toilets,
• the need for approvals for partial or complete dismantling of partitions, except for non-load-bearing and inter-apartment partitions, has been eliminated,
• there is no need for coordination when installing openings in non-load-bearing walls and constructing additional partitions without increasing the load on the floors. That is, such structures can be built from lightweight foam blocks.

Also covered by the amnesty are the installation of revolving or self-sliding doors and the replacement of some carpentry elements of the facade.

When remodeling an apartment, you must agree on:

• relocation of existing and installation of new gas appliances,
• installation of electric stoves instead of existing gas ones,
• changing the design of floors,
• making openings in inter-apartment partitions and load-bearing walls,
• combining loggias and interior spaces and moving bathrooms and toilets.

These types of redevelopments were previously classified as prohibited, and only new rules for approving the redevelopment of apartments allowed this work to be carried out.

Approvals for houses - monuments

Citizens who live in houses recognized as monuments, it is officially permitted to install air conditioners on courtyard facades if their installation is provided for in the project for the conservation of the monument. Basically, when approving redevelopment, there is now no need to order a historical and cultural examination, which is only necessary if the redevelopment process directly affects the subject of protection.

New rules for approving apartment redevelopment prohibit

You cannot carry out redevelopment that worsens the performance of the house and has a negative impact on the safety of living in it. It will still not be possible to coordinate the demolition of main walls, the reduction of ventilation channels and the installation of devices on common house utility networks. You cannot install “warm floors” from common house heating and hot water supply systems, move radiators to balconies and loggias, reconstruct the technical floor and attic, create niches and openings in pylon walls, and others.

Stages of approving the redevelopment of an apartment

To carry out redevelopment, you need to obtain permits, since an apartment “rebuilt” without permission will not be able to be sold, exchanged or carried out any transaction with it.

There are simple and complex redevelopment, so its project should be ordered from a design engineer. It should be borne in mind that redevelopment should not violate the rules established by GOSTs and SNiP.

The procedure for collecting documents for approval of redevelopment includes several stages:

• Obtaining a draft apartment plan taking into account redevelopment;
• Providing documents to the housing and communal services department to obtain permission;
• If necessary, obtain permission from the customer’s Directorate;
• If necessary, drawing up a technical report;
• Receiving an extract from the house register and an application for approval of redevelopment work with all owners and registered in this apartment;
• If necessary, obtain the consent of neighbors;
• Transfer of the collected package of documents to the department of architecture and the relevant bodies of local district self-government - the Administration;
• Registration of the received order of the Administration in the BTI.

Only after registering the redevelopment plan with the BTI can you begin to change the appearance of your apartment.

Almost every apartment owner wants to make it more convenient. But, before you take on changing the internal appearance of your home, it is worth remembering that some alterations require you to obtain a special one. And there are types of redevelopment that do not need to be approved.

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The Housing Code contains two terms relating to changes in the internal space of residential apartments:

• reconstruction;
• redevelopment.

Their main legal consequence is the introduction of new information into technical documentation for housing.

Redevelopment, according to , refers to changes made to various utilities:

• electrical wiring;
• pipelines;
• ventilation ducts, etc.

Many owners believe that if non-load-bearing walls are demolished or erected during the redevelopment process, then approval is not required. Let's try to figure out in which cases this is really the case, and in which changes still need to be legalized.

According to current legislation, redevelopment is considered to be any work in the apartment, the results of which must be reflected in the technical passport of the BTI. It follows from this that sometimes it is still possible to do without approval.

When redevelopment of non-load-bearing walls can be carried out without permission

Repairs that involve the dismantling of part of the non-load-bearing partitions and their erection in the same place in strict accordance with the BTI technical passport do not require approval. In fact, the owner has the right to shift non-load-bearing brick walls (for example, if they are uneven) or make partitions from a more reliable material (replace drywall with foam blocks).

However, the new wall must fully comply with the one recorded in the technical passport. In this case, the configuration of the apartment will not change and approval of the redevelopment will not be required.

Do I need permission to demolish or move a curtain wall?

Any change in the configuration of the apartment as a result of redevelopment requires approval:

• partial demolition of a curtain wall;
• construction of additional walls (for example, to highlight a dressing room or office);
• dismantling the wall when combining the kitchen and living room;
• moving a curtain wall.

Such changes must be legalized. To do this, you must draw up a redevelopment project and have it approved by the administration or the State Housing Inspectorate.

Do I need to approve the relocation of a doorway in a non-load-bearing wall?

This option for changing the configuration of an apartment most often raises questions among owners. In their opinion, on the one hand, a doorway in a non-load-bearing wall is a redevelopment, but on the other hand, after such work nothing disappears and nothing new appears, since the opening only moves.

In fact, changes are still present: the area remains unchanged, but the plan will not remain the same. In the BTI technical plan, doors are indicated in certain places. Relocating an opening in a non-load-bearing wall inevitably leads to a change in the graphic part of the technical plan. Therefore, approval in this case will be required.

But there is one nuance here. As a rule, such work is carried out by re-laying the entire wall. If it is built exactly in the same place and only the location of the opening changes, then you can get by with a sketch of the redevelopment without drawing up a project.

If you require approval for an opening in a non-load-bearing wall, demolition, relocation or construction of a partition, please contact the Gorod agency. Our team has sufficient experience in such matters, and all changes will be legalized without problems and in the shortest possible time. You just have to wait for a positive result.

We present to your attention an example of a redevelopment project that requires approval, in which non-load-bearing structures are affected.