Report of technical inspection of building structures. Report examples
The building consists of two different-storey sections, has a rectangular configuration with overall dimensions of 18.0 m × 24.0 m. The height - from the level of the day surface to the level of the roof edge is about 30.5 m. The constructive scheme of the building is frame, with a complete prefabricated reinforced concrete frame, with steel elements. The frame is multi-storey, designed in the transverse direction according to the frame scheme with rigid nodes at the points of junction of crossbars with columns. The foundations for the columns are monolithic reinforced concrete, separate glass type. The foundations of the shop walls are prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation beams.
The building is the year of construction, complex configuration in plan. The building in plan consists of five rectangular sections (two - one-story; three - two-story). The structure of the roof of the building consists of prefabricated slabs with an under-roof space of variable height. The under-roof space is equipped with a natural ventilation system by means of vents. In the natural ventilation system, the cornice vents are made in the form of holes arranged in the cornice part of the outer wall. The roof is flat, rolled (bitumen-based isoplast) with an organized internal drain.
The building is of the year of construction, two-story, rectangular in plan, dimensions in the axes 24.0 × 6 0.0 m, height 9.99 m (from the floor level of the 1st floor to the top of the roof). The structural scheme of the building is a frame-braced frame. The frame of the building is made of metal, according to a two-span scheme, with roof trusses. The frames are installed with a step of 6.0 m and combined with roof and wall purlins. Roof trusses are single-pitched, with a span of 12.0 m with a slope of the upper chords from the ridge to the sides at the roof slope. Made of cold-formed thin-walled C- and Z-profiles.
The building is a two-story, square configuration in plan, the dimensions in the axes are 30.0 × 30.0 m, the height is 9.13 m (from the floor level of the 1st floor to the top of the roof). A two-storey extension No. 1 (plan dimensions 9.0 × 18.45 m) and a one-story extension No. 2 (plan dimensions 10.86 × 5.06 m) adjoin the building from the north-eastern facade. Structural scheme of the FP building - a steel frame, consists of one section of the "Kislovodsk" type with a height of 6.6 m to the bottom of the roof structure, including a structural capless slab with a size of 27.0 × 27.0 m and four columns located at the corners of a square with a side of 18.0 m. The structural scheme of outbuildings No. 1 and No. 2 is a metal frame. The foundations for the columns and racks of the fachwerk of the main frame are columnar from monolithic reinforced concrete on a natural basis, shallow.
The building has an elongated, rectangular configuration. Overall dimensions of the building in the plan are 43.10 m × 12.50 m. The height of the building from the level of the day surface to the level of the roof edge is about 6.57 m. b columns with a step of 6 meters with prefabricated reinforced concrete beams (span - 11,400 m) laid on them. The building of the boiler house is a single-span frame building with a hard disk at the level of the floor slabs. The foundations for the columns are columnar monolithic reinforced concrete. Strip foundations internal brick wall - from prefabricated blocks according to GOST 13579-78.
Documents are being prepared for publication.
results
pre-project survey
COMPANY "...."
for the implementation of a corporate information system (CIS)
1C: "Institute for Standard Production Solutions" (ITRP)
Purpose of the survey |
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Organizational structure COMPANY "..." |
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Description of the functions of departments and existing workflow |
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Accepted accounting policy |
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Description of the current level of automation |
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Automated Functions |
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Software used |
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Overview of the existing computer park |
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Conclusions on the results of the survey of CJSC "..." |
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Division analysis |
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Analysis of current automation |
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System Composition |
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The main characteristics of the system (according to the areas of accounting) |
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The procedure for implementing KIS 1C: "ITRP" |
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The main plan for the implementation of KIS 1C: "ITRP" |
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Salary and personnel |
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Implementation Sequence Diagram |
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Economic expediency. |
Purpose of the survey
In the process of pre-project survey of CJSC “...”, the main directions of production and economic activities, the organizational structure of CJSC “...” are studied. Functions of departments, existing informational relationships between departments, internal and external document flow are determined.
Based on the analysis of this information, the required accounting subsystems are determined (for example; warehouse accounting of the SOE) covering several departments, each of which is interested in the efficiency and relevance of the data. Recommendations are being developed to improve the workflow, to eliminate duplication of information. When designing an integrated ITRP solution, solutions are laid that implement the principles of a single entry.
The current level of automation is being studied: the list of developed subsystems, the composition of automated workstations and the range of tasks to be solved are determined in order to determine the functional completeness of the system and automate accounting functions. Proposals are being developed on the required composition of the selected CIS subsystems (Corporate Information System), clarification of the list of tasks to be automated, and expansion of the composition of automated workstations in order to obtain complete operational information on accounting, operational and management accounting of production and economic activities of CJSC "..." , ensuring the adoption of the correct management decision in real time.
The software and information support used are determined and the state of the existing computer park is examined in order to develop proposals for the use of new ones. information technologies, proposals for the modernization or expansion of the computer park.
The used accounting policy is investigated in order to determine the specifics of accounting for CJSC "...".
A survey of existing business processes and business is carried out.
procedures. A comparative analysis of enterprise management technologies, existing workflow with technologies and workflow within the framework of the 1C: ITRP system is carried out.
An organizational and functional scheme of automation is being formed, and requirements are being developed for the designed CIS 1C: "ITRP". Based on the installed accounting subsystems and their readiness for automation, a phased calendar plan for the implementation of CIS 1C ITRP is formed.
2. Organizational structure of ZAO "...".
Appointment and information links of divisions
The block diagram of CJSC "..." is presented in Appendix 1.
The General Director manages the production, economic and financial and economic activities of CJSC "...", bearing full responsibility for the consequences of decisions made, financial and economic results of activities. Organizes the work and interaction of all structural divisions, directs their activities to the development and improvement of production, increase in work efficiency, increase in sales volumes of products and increase profits, quality and competitiveness of products.
The executive director determines the technical policy and directions of technical development of CJSC "...", the ways of reconstruction and technical re-equipment of the existing production. In accordance with the approved plans, manages the development of measures for the reconstruction and modernization of the enterprise. Organizes work to increase the range and improve the quality of products, the introduction into production of means of complex mechanization and automation of technological processes.
The commercial director manages the financial and economic activities of the enterprise in the field of logistics, procurement and storage of materials, marketing of products on the market. Takes measures for the timely conclusion of economic and financial contracts with suppliers of materials and buyers of finished products, expansion of direct and long-term economic relations, ensures the fulfillment of contractual obligations for the supply of products, and carries out foreign economic activity.
The technical director provides technical preparation of production, operation, repair and modernization of equipment. Provides performance of work on heat supply, ventilation, maintenance of compressor units, construction.
The head of production manages the production and economic activities of CJSC "...". Supervises the work on the operational regulation of the production process, ensuring the rhythmic release of products of the required range and quality. Carries out work to identify and master technical innovations, best practices that contribute to the improvement of technology, the organization of production and the growth of labor productivity.
CFO brings financial aspects to strategic and political activities; works in the field of diagnostics financial condition, economic trends, interpretation of legislative and financial aspects of state regulation. The financial director is responsible for managing the company's cash, ensuring the timely fulfillment of obligations by the company. Provides analysis of planned and economic activities of production and preparation of accounting, tax, management reporting. Supervises the Information Technology Department. Coordinates work with banks and leasing companies.
The production consists of three workshops: Whole-milk production workshop, Cheese production workshop, Drying workshop, Ice cream workshop.
The ice cream workshop is a remote workshop (~2 km distance), but is an integral part of the main production.
The acceptance of milk is carried out by the Department of Raw Materials Procurement, which manages the main receiving point located on the territory of the plant and 8 milk receivers located in the Pskov region.
The laboratory controls the quality of received milk and finished products.
Sales of finished products consists of divisions: Sales Department of the plant and (structural divisions) Trading House "...", Trading House "...", "Trading from ..."
3. Description of the functions of departments and existing workflow
Accounting ( Annex 2 )
Planning and Economic Department ( Appendix 3 )
Production ( Appendix 4 )
Sales department ( Appendix 5 )
Purchase department ( Appendix 6 )
Logistics department (OPGP-TsPM, OPGP - Ice cream shop) ( Appendix 7 )
4. Accepted accounting policy
Below are disclosed the key provisions of the accounting policy that determines the accounting in CJSC "...".
The main tasks of accounting are:
Formation of complete and reliable information about business processes and results of the enterprise;
Ensuring control over the availability and movement of property, the use of material, labor and financial resources;
Timely prevention of negative phenomena in economic and financial activities.
According to the accounting policy of the enterprise, accounting of property, liabilities and business transactions is carried out on the basis of natural meters in monetary terms through continuous, continuous, documentary and interconnected interaction.
Control and reflection on the accounts of all business transactions, the provision of operational and effective information in a timely manner should be ensured.
The fact of the completion of a business transaction is recorded by primary documents, which are the basis for entry in the accounting registers. Accounting is carried out according to the journal-order form, followed by filling in the General Ledger
5. Description of the current level of automation
The beginning of work on the automation of accounting functions in CJSC "..." dates back to 1993. At the moment, an automated system is functioning, built as a set of automated workstations (AWS), each of which has its own distinct functional specialization and provides a solution to problems in individual accounting areas. At the same time, the automated workplace of a separate accounting section is implemented on one or several computers that are not physically connected to each other, but work on the same information base, which is supported on all computers of this workplace. The exchange of information between the computers of the workstation is carried out via a floppy disk. The exchange of information between individual workstations is not carried out due to the lack of a unified information base and a unified system for classifying and coding information, which significantly reduces the efficiency of obtaining general information.
5.1. Automated Functions
Function |
location |
No. of PCs |
Language |
The name of the program |
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Labor accounting and wages |
Accounting 1 |
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Accounting for cash flow at the cash desk of the enterprise |
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Accounting for the passage of funds through the bank |
Accounting 1 |
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Settlement with accountable persons |
Accounting 1 |
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Payments for services |
Accounting 1 |
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Formation and printing of payment documents |
Accounting 1 |
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General ledger, Balance. |
Accounting 1 |
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Expedition dispatcher workstation |
Expedition |
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Accounting for product sales |
Accounting 2 |
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Accounting for the receipt of raw materials and settlements with suppliers of raw materials |
Acceptance of raw materials Accounting 2 |
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Accounting for the movement of materials and settlements with suppliers of materials |
Accounting 2 |
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Warehouse storekeeper workstation for finished products |
Expedition. Ice cream shop |
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Container master's workstation |
Expedition |
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Retail |
Accounting 3. |
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Settlement with suppliers retail |
Accounting 3. |
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Wholesale 1 pc |
Accounting 2. |
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Settlement with wholesale suppliers |
Accounting 2. |
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Sales of wholesale products (sausage cheese) |
Accounting 2. |
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Formation and printing of powers of attorney |
Accounting 1 |
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Accounting for fixed assets |
Accounting 1. |
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Calculation of cost estimates and production costs |
Not maintained |
Brief Description of Functions
1. Accounting for labor and wages - 1 PC-language. PROGRESS
Accounting 1.
2. Accounting for cash flow at the cash desk of the enterprise - 1 PC - lang. FOXPRO Program name
- - extract cash documents(receipts and expenses cash orders)
- - register of incoming documents
- - cashier's report
- - file of reports
- - reporting forms: w/o 1, statement to w/o 1, analytics, final certificate
3. Accounting for the passage of funds through the bank - 1 PC - lang. FOX PRO
Accounting 1.
- - maintaining a file of bank statements.
- - receipt of a journal, statements and analytics for all accounts or for separate accounts. account, folded or expanded.
- - summary note.
- - information about the organization.
- 4. Settlement with accountable persons - 1 PC - lang. FOX PRO
Accounting 1.
- - input advance. reports
- - input of payment - acceptance from AWS "CASH"
- - acceptance of statements from AWP "BANK"
- - managing turnovers and balances
- - w / o 7 (summary and advance reports)
- - summary note
- - book of purchases by shipment or by payment
- - VAT statement
- - analytics
5. Settlements for services - 1 PC - lang. FOX PRO
Accounting 1.
- - formation of accounts
- - payment input
- - maintenance of the balance
- - formation of invoices
- - f/o 8
- - total reference
- - Book of purchases
- - decryption of invoices not included in the purchase book
- - reconciliation acts
- - analytics
6. Formation and printing of payment documents 1 ANY PC-lang. PROGRESS
7. General ledger, Balance. 1 PC - lang. FOX PRO
- Accounting 1.
- - input of credit turnovers
- - receiving debit transactions
- - formation and printing of the general ledger, reverse. balance sheet, enterprise report BALANCE
- - formation of references on deb. and credit. accounts
- - print w\o
- - view rev. balance
- - corrector. revolutions in past periods
8. Expedition dispatcher workstation 4 PC - lang. FOX PRO
- - formation of TTN and invoices for the shipment of products
- - generating a pass-summary invoice for the checkpoint
- - print quality certificate
- - printing of reports on shipped products for the day and for the period
9. Accounting for the sale of products 1 PC - lang. FOX PRO
- Accounting 2.
- - receiving information about the shipment of products
- - formation and printing of invoices for shipment. products
- - input of payment of presented invoices 9receipt from AWP "KAASSA" and "BANK"
- - control of payment of presented invoices
- - acceptance of offsets for returnable packaging from AWS "TARA"
- - preparation of reporting forms and registers
- - drawing up a statement 16
- - operational calculation of the balance of payers
- - sales book
- - reconciliation acts
10. Accounting for the receipt of raw materials and settlements with suppliers of raw materials 2 PC - lang. FOX PRO
- 1st PC: Acceptance of raw materials.
- - extract of TTN for the receipt of raw materials, for return
- - issuance of acts in case of data discrepancy
- - extract TTN transfer from the points of reception
- - receiving reports on raw materials
- - obtaining information on qualities. indicators
2nd PC: Accounting 2.
- - forms and printing of receipts
- - input and control of payment (reception from AWP "CASS")
- - acceptance of offsets from AWS "REALIZATION"
- - Book of purchases
- - w\o 6-z
11. Accounting for the movement of materials and settlements with suppliers of materials 2 PC - lang. FOX PRO
1st PC: Accounting 2.
- - accounting for the presence and movement of storage places
- -input input documents (for cash settlement, from processing, internal turnover, from suppliers and other receipts)
- - acceptance of invoices from AWS "SUPPLIERS OF MATERIALS"
- - input of cons. documents (expenditure in production)
- - for processing
- - internal turnover
- - write-off
- - other expenses
- - Maintaining stock cards. accounting
- - Maintaining a card index of the number of sums. accounting
- - preparation of reporting registers:
- - MOT report
- - turnover sheet
- - balance sheet
- - lists of inputs and expenses
- - f/o 10
- - calculation of bargaining markup
- - carrying out inventory
- - compilation of inventory. and coll. statements
- - 16th statement
- - sales book
2nd PC: Accounting 2.
Etc.
5.2. Software used
The software on the basis of which the workplaces are implemented was developed by the ACS department of CJSC "...". The software of each workplace is a software package developed independently of others and operating autonomously. Programs are written in DBMS PROGRESS and DBMS FOXPRO to work in DOS operating environment. The software is maintained by the IT department.
5.3. Disadvantages of the software used:
The system does not have integrity and isolation. The fragmentation of information input entails duplication of objects (names, objects), there is no control over the uniqueness of the information being entered.
No, corresponding to the current time, efficiency.
There is no analysis of economic activity, accounting and tax reporting, balance formation.
Overview of the computer park of CJSC "..."
At the moment, 44 computers are installed at the plant. Of them:
1 machines with 286 processor
2 machines with 386 processor
1 machines with 486 processor
1 machine with Celeron 433 processor
6 machines with Celeron 466 processor
2 machines with Celeron 633 processor
2 machines with Celeron 700 processor
6 machines with Celeron 1700 processor
1 machines with Pentium II processor
3 Pentium III machines
19 Pentium IV machines
Subdivision |
Comp. |
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Pentium III 1300x2 |
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Pentium IV-1500 |
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Pentium IV-1600 |
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Intel Celeron 1700 |
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Intel Pentium III 750 MHz |
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Intel Celeron 1700 |
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Accounting
Head. boo. |
Intel Pentium IV 1500 MHz |
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Accounting (Deputy Chief Accountant) |
Intel Pentium IV 1500 MHz |
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Accounting (cash desk) |
Replacement |
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Accounting (materials) |
Intel Celeron 633 MHz |
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Accounting (MOL) |
Replacement |
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Accounting (taxes) |
Intel Celeron 633 MHz |
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Accounting (wholesale trading) |
Intel Pentium 133 MHz |
Replacement |
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Accounting (OS) |
Pentium IV-1700 |
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Accounting (suppliers of mat.) |
Intel Pentium III 700 MHz |
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Accounting (implementation) |
Pentium IV-1700 |
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Accounting (canteen) |
Cyrix 486 56 MHz |
Replacement |
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Accounting (finance) |
Intel Celeron 1700 |
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Accounting (Bank-Client) |
Intel Celeron 700 MHz |
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Accounting (payroll) |
Intel Celeron 1700 |
Control
General manager |
Intel Pentium III 733 MHz |
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Use Director |
Intel Celeron 1700 |
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CFO |
Pentium IV-1700 |
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Com. Director |
Pentium IV-1400 |
Sales department
Planning and Economic Department
Intel Celeron 1700 |
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Intel Pentium IV 1500 MHz |
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Intel Pentium IV 1500 MHz |
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Pentium IV-1600 |
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Intel Celeron 633 MHz |
Intel Pentium 120 MHz |
Replacement |
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Reception |
Intel Celeron 466 MHz |
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Supply |
Intel Pentium IV 1500 MHz |
Ice cream shop, OPGP
Ice cream shop |
Intel Celeron 700 MHz |
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Ice cream shop |
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Ice cream shop |
Intel Celeron 633 MHz |
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Ice cream shop |
Intel Celeron IV 1700 MHz |
OPCP (CMP)
Total: 5 computers need to be replaced, 2 are questionable.
Number of obsolete monitors - 5
Scheme of the local network of computers of CJSC “….”
6. Conclusions based on the results of the pre-project survey of CJSC "..."
The head of the enterprise is the General Director, who manages all production, economic, financial and economic activities.
Structural divisions of the administrative unit and auxiliary production are directly subordinate to him. The management of the activities of the technical support unit, the supply and marketing unit, as well as the production unit is carried out through the Executive Director, the Head of Production and the Technical Director
6.1. Division analysis
Department for the procurement of raw materials
Provides the production unit with a raw material base.
Purchase department
Engaged in the logistics of the main production.
Sales department
Sales of finished products. Acceptance of finished products. Order processing, customer service. Information on the sale of products is used by the marketing department, the planning and economic department.
Logistics Department
Documents for the receipt of materials, shipment of products, movement and production issue of materials, drawing up an operational production plan.
production block
Structural subdivisions of this block provide production and economic activities of CJSC "...". Information in the production block comes from the supply department (through the warehouse) - while providing production with raw materials and materials. Documentary reports to the accounting department with documents on internal movement and release of finished products. Reports on production activities are submitted to the accounting department, planning department. The activities of the production block in terms of quality are controlled by the laboratory and the planning department, which provides technical and economic planning. The production block is subordinated directly to the Head of Production, who manages the work on the operational regulation of the production process, ensuring the rhythmic release of products of the required range and quality. The executive director is working to identify and master technical innovations, best practices that contribute to the improvement of technology, the organization of production and the growth of labor productivity.
Laboratory
The laboratory is part of the administrative block and is directly connected with the production process (from the supply of raw materials to the release of products). It provides input control of raw materials, materials, production control, control of finished products, microbiological control of raw materials and components, production, finished products; control of used containers and packaging; control of the sanitary and hygienic regime of production; quality control of water used at the enterprise, etc. The department reports directly to the Executive Director.
Management block.
Management block directly to CEO. Structural subdivisions of this block provide administrative work for the rest of the production. They transmit and receive information from other departments, analyze it, transforming it into the necessary reporting, both internal and external.
Legal Department provides contracts for sales and supply services, ensures compliance with the law in the activities of UAB "..." and protection of its legal interests.
Accounting collects all documentary primary information and on the basis of it keeps accounting records of economic and financial activities at the enterprise.
Planning and Economic Department collects the documentary primary information necessary for him by departments, as well as reports on the activities of departments and carries out economic planning at the enterprise.
Department of ACS develops, maintains and develops a system of automated information processing for a single information network of the enterprise; develops software for solving production problems.
6.2 Analysis of current automation
Thus, practically all departments of UAB “...” are closely connected with each other in production and economic processes. There is a continuous exchange of information between departments, which implies some information duplication (especially in the production process, when a large number of departments use information, and information flows grow). The implementation of the CIS should provide the most convenient information exchange, in which once entered and recorded information can be used by all CIS subsystems to obtain the necessary reports, analyzes, and conclusions through forms that are convenient and accessible to users.
The system of automated accounting at the enterprise, which currently exists, is built correctly, but does not provide information in real time - with continuous accounting. Maintenance of separate areas of accounting is carried out in specialized blocks of the automated system, and if necessary, information is combined into one block. Financial information is processed only at the close of the previous period, which makes it difficult to quickly analyze financial and economic activities.
CJSC “...” has an automated control system implemented as a set of functional subsystems that solve the main tasks of accounting for the movement of raw materials and materials, production and sale of products, the sale of other goods and materials, settlements with suppliers and recipients, payroll, calculation of planned and actual cost and wholesale selling prices, accounting for transport services, etc.
Each of the subsystems has its own database and is implemented on one or more computers that are actually not connected to each other. The exchange of information is carried out through a diskette. Subsystem databases are stand-alone, no one system classification and coding of information, which excludes the operational exchange between subsystems.
The collection of information is carried out using diskettes. The lack of communication channels and a unified information base significantly reduces the efficiency of obtaining information necessary for making managerial decisions.
The AWP software was developed on the Progress and FoxPro DBMS and operates in the DOS operating environment. At the same time, the rapid development of information technology dictates the need to switch to modern technology for using a computer park and a multi-user information processing system. All computers of CJSC "..." must be combined into a single local area network, which will provide the possibility of complete integration of information. LAN will allow to combine all production and administrative buildings into a single information system.
The most promising technology for multi-user information processing is the “client-server” technology, which, when building systems for processing accounting information in the West, has become a standard and is proposed for use in building CIS CJSC “...”. The use of "client-server" technology significantly increases the reliability, performance and stability of the system, especially when a significant number of users work with large information databases.
As a network platform, it is proposed to use the Windows network operating system (on the server - Windows 2000 Advanced Server, on workstations - Windows 98, 2000) - a powerful, convenient and simple system for solving a wide variety of tasks, created by the world leader in software development - Microsoft Corporation. The system is easy to use, flexible in settings, contains tools for working in corporate networks and on the Internet, meets all modern requirements for computer systems. It is proposed to use Microsoft SQL Server 7.0 as a database server (hereinafter Microsoft SQL Server 2000, which showed higher performance on Xeon processors). As client applications, the program 1C: Enterprise for SQL, release 15. (Later releases of the program showed instability, at the moment there is release 20, but the program has not yet passed the test period of operation).
An analysis of the existing computer park showed that most of the equipment used meets the technical specifications and meets the requirements of today, with the exception of a small number. The proposed operating system is already used on the Main Server, the server configuration allows us to talk about the appropriate performance and reliability of the system, as well as the technical "reserve" for the implementation of CIS. But, considering the rapidly growing number of users of the system and the increase in the load on the database, it is recommended in the future to move the database to a separate “database server” (stored SQL database), connected to the “Main server” by a super high-speed network. This will allow using the "Main Server" as a terminal server (when the program will run on the server, and users will see only the image of the program), thereby increasing the speed of the CIS and using less powerful (inexpensive) workstations. From the point of view of the security of the future system, it is recommended to allocate a "file server": a server for archival copies of employees' documents, e-mail, a "mirror" of archival copies of the CIS database.
There is an insufficient amount of equipment in the areas, as well as a complete absence of computers connected taking into account the production unit necessary for the full implementation of CIS.
In connection with the above analysis, it is necessary to carry out work to modernize the computer park in terms of the complete replacement of obsolete models 386.486, Pentium I series, as well as the replacement of monitors that do not provide a high-resolution screen mode for working with CIS 1C: "ITRP". The need for new equipment for additional jobs will be drawn up after a detailed survey of the accounting area, as an appendix to the relevant Terms of Reference.
Analysis of the local network of CJSC "..." showed that the network is in a satisfactory condition. Network bandwidth 100mb. There are free sockets on the switches, for further development of the network in the near future. The bottleneck is the connection between the main switch (svitch) and the expedition, the distance between the points is ~200 meters. This section is implemented using an additional switch located in the middle, in the area of the raw material acceptance point, which allows you to maintain communication. The distance between switches, 100 meters, is the limit
6.3. System Composition
An analysis of the composition of automated subsystems showed that within the framework of the designed EIS, this composition should be somewhat expanded in order to ensure the full functionality of the system. The following subsystems are proposed:
Warehouse accounting of finished products (OPGP)
Non-current assets (OS).
Production.
Within the framework of these subsystems, to provide for the development of automated workstations of KIS 1C: "ITRP". Raw material receivers, supply department, raw material procurement department, head of marketing department, materials warehouse storekeeper, laboratory, production (CMP, Cheese-making, Drying, Butter-making), ice cream shop and OPGP to ensure the full scope of accounting work in real time, and management CJSC "..." - the required operational information.
One of the main tasks of the projected CIS is to assess the profitability of the enterprise; development of a financial planning mechanism.
Profitability directly depends on how the control and analysis of commodity and financial flows is set. It is necessary to provide the ability to dynamically analyze commodity and financial flows in various aspects - by dates, by partners, cost items, sales volumes, using for this purpose the procedure for maintaining operational and accounting records at the enterprise - input of primary documentation.
Accounting for the presence and movement of commodity flows, which include not only finished products, but also materials, should be traced at the batch level. At the same time, the history of each batch must be fully traced, starting from the moment it was received until it was completely consumed. Commodity accounting should be closely interconnected with quality control and production, since in these subsystems accounting is strictly batch. Currently, the enterprise records the quality of products (laboratory) is carried out almost manually.
In order to promptly and correctly respond to any possible changes in the state of the market, in order to obtain comprehensive and reasonable answers to the questions "what will happen if ..." regarding the development of production, it is necessary to introduce a block of financial planning based on business accounting data into the information system. The block is intended for drawing up financial plans (budgets) of an enterprise: cash flow budget, budget of income and expenses, balance of settlements with suppliers, etc. Generated reports, charts and graphs will allow you to control the implementation of plans, compare planned and actually achieved indicators and identify the reasons for their discrepancies.
Taking into account the characteristics of the automated accounting system functioning at the enterprise, the corporate information system will be based on the following:
The accounting policy determines the main tasks of accounting in the enterprise, and ensuring the solution of these tasks determines the introduction of a corporate information system in the enterprise. The features of accounting specified in the accounting policy should be reflected in the system being designed.
The system should be unified in terms of information, it should cover not only accounting, but also production and administrative accounting.
Conventionally, the functioning of CIS by types of accounting can be divided into 4 main areas:
1. Operational management:
Maintaining a database of contracts of various types;
Documentary settlement management system;
Operational control of the current state of mutual settlements with counterparties in the context of primary documents of the warehouse, cash desk and bank.
2. Management accounting:
Accounting and analysis of income and expenses;
Tracking and analysis of mutual settlements;
Analysis of the movement of goods and finished products;
Analysis of debtors and creditors.
3. Accounting:
Analysis of accounting accounts;
Multilevel analytical accounting;
Balance sheet and tax reporting;
4. Production accounting:
Costs in various aspects;
Calculation of the planned cost;
The actual cost of production;
Standard costs and variance analysis.
6.4 The main characteristics of the system (according to the areas of accounting):
Operational management accounting of production, performance of work and provision of services is carried out with a high degree of detail;
Accounting for inventory and movement of materials and goods, finished products;
Batch accounting of the cost of materials and goods, as well as finished products. Methods for determining the cost: "LIFO", "FIFO", "average" (according to the accounting policy - FIFO).
Accounting for mutual settlements with suppliers in the context of individual deliveries and payments;
Accounting for the release of finished products based on standard costs;
Accounting for the use of products for own needs;
Accounting for the sale of finished products and goods ("VAT on payment");
Accounting for work performed and services rendered;
Accounting for mutual settlements with buyers in the context of individual shipments and payments;
Accounting for the movement of direct and indirect production costs;
Accounting for additional costs for the purchase of goods and materials, the possibility of accounting for the sale of materials to the side, as well as accounting for arbitrary write-offs and receipts of goods and materials to reflect rare operations on the movement of goods and materials material assets. Also implemented is support for the movement of goods and materials between storage locations and the redistribution of goods and materials between accounting batches;
Calculation of the cost of finished products and services rendered;
Accounting for the cost of finished products.
Flexible options for accounting for settlements with counterparties: a system for separating settlements under contracts, the ability to select a specific strategy for paying contracts and allocating advances; development of a mechanism for registration of mutual settlements with suppliers and buyers.
7. The procedure for the implementation of the automation project of CJSC "..."
The order of implementation of the project and development is divided into several stages.
Pre-project survey (is an integral part of the project). This stage includes:
Initial acquaintance and study of the scheme of the enterprise;
Studying the list and structure of the enterprise's workflow;
Studying the current accounting policy of the enterprise;
Finding out the best ways to automate the enterprise, determining the accounting subsystems and the procedure for their implementation.
Preparation of terms of reference for the selected accounting subsystem (implementation stage). This stage includes:
A detailed survey of the units involved in this accounting subsystem.
Choosing the optimal implementation of accounting. Comparative analysis with the model of computer accounting in ITRP.
Coordination of terms of reference with heads of departments.
Program creation.
Programming based on agreed and approved terms of reference.
Training of employees of departments in the rules and methods of working with the modified ITRP system. Entering the necessary information, testing the program, trial operation. Drawing up, based on the results of testing, the corresponding protocols for the compliance of the created software product with the requirements of the TOR and the wishes of the departments, drawn up by the relevant documents. Making corrections and changes to the created software, if necessary.
Putting the created program into operation, correcting the found shortcomings ~ the commissioning period is set based on the TOR.
Transition to the next accounting subsystem, then according to item 2.
Note: Each subsequent stage will require more time, due to the correction of the shortcomings of the previous ones.
8. Basic system implementation plan
Warehouse accounting of finished products (GP)
Reflection of the fact of product development in quantitative and sum (according to the planned-normative cost price) expression.
Intershop transfers of finished products
Transfer of finished products to the expedition
Maintaining prices for finished products.
Sales of finished products to contractors. Returns.
Accounting for returnable packaging.
Sales book
Bukh reporting (41,43,40,90, D62)
Cash flow, mutual settlements with buyers and suppliers, cost accounting.
Mutual offsets with contractors
Mutual settlements with buyers
Calculations with accountable persons
Data exchange with the client-bank.
Accounting for indirect costs by departments
Management reporting
Bukh reporting (50,51,71, D26, D23, D44, K62)
Supply, warehouse accounting of materials and raw materials.
Receipt of raw materials
Receipt of materials
Mutual settlements with suppliers
Transfer of raw materials to production
Transfer of materials to production
Book of purchases
Management reporting
Buh reporting (10.60)
Quality accounting system. Laboratory.
Accounting for quality certificates (marking date, expiration date, batch numbers, physical and chemical indicators of finished products)
Batch accounting of cheese in two independent units of measurement (ch., kg.).
Product bar coding
Non-current assets (OS).
Nomenclature of Fixed Assets
OS arrival
OS commissioning
Moving OS
Depreciation
Bukh reporting (01,02,04,07,08)
Production.
Standards for the consumption of materials and raw materials GP
Production of semi-finished products
Movement of semi-finished products in production
Release of finished products
Movement of finished products in production
Movement of materials in production
The actual consumption of raw materials and materials for manufacturing
Management reporting
Accounting and tax reporting.
Bukh reporting (76,68,90,91,99)
Regulatory tax reports
Tax accounting.
Accounting financial result
Planning, budgeting of production.
Orders from buyers
Production order
Operational production planning
Production plan
Procurement plan
Connecting ITNALEV: Corporate Finance
Budgets
Management financial analysis
9. Salary and personnel
To implement payroll and personnel accounting, it is advisable to apply a separate 1C configuration: “Salary and Personnel”, in which the personnel department will be accounted for and the calculation, payroll of employees, followed by uploading data to the KIS 1C: “ITRP” system. Work on configuration settings and commissioning will be carried out in parallel with the main plan for the implementation of CIS 1C: "ITRP".
10. Economic feasibility.
The economic efficiency of the system is determined, on the one hand, by the costs associated with its installation and maintenance, and on the other hand, by the expected reduction in costs and increase in the profit of the enterprise.
What are the costs:
- cost of equipment and technology.
- program cost.
- setup and commissioning costs.
- maintenance costs
The total cost depends on the number of jobs and many other characteristics of the enterprise.
Expected results:
Reduced losses through improved cost accounting. Theft at many Russian enterprises has become a tradition, and the introduction of a system that tracks the movement of material assets can significantly reduce the associated losses.
Reducing losses associated with the dishonesty of the supplier (buyer). Tracking accounts receivable and accounts payable, storing the history of relationships with counterparties allows for their certification. In this case, formal signs can be used, or data from the system can serve as a “reason for reflection” for managers.
Decrease in stocks. The introduction of production planning and material flows allows you to purchase materials that are really necessary for production, which significantly reduces working capital frozen in the form of inventories, and normalizes the operational work of the supply department. An additional effect in this case may be a reduction in storage space.
Reducing the cost of the administrative and managerial apparatus by accelerating the processing of information.
The implementation of the 1C: "ITRP" program according to the above points will give 80% of the expected effect of automated accounting. The main goal of introducing ITRP is to create a functional core of accounting that will close all departments into a single information system, will identify and optimize the information links of departments, and will make it possible to develop a strategy for the further development of management accounting. Using the main advantage of ITRP, customization flexibility, "fertile ground" will be created for the implementation of a more powerful and fully functional ERP system. However, KIS 1C: "ITRP" will have the necessary functionality to use it for a long time.
Gantt Chart
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Before the construction of a structure or its reconstruction, pre-project work: survey site or building, assessment of their condition. This allows you to determine the feasibility of the project. During the analysis, various factors are taken into account: the type of terrain, the technical condition of the structures, the characteristics of the soil, the availability of communications, etc.
The task of the specialists who are entrusted with conducting a pre-project survey is to perform measurements with high-precision equipment, study all available documentation. The results obtained are compared with the parameters set by SNiP. V due diligence report the conclusions of specialists are given, on the basis of which the conclusion is formed.
Training
Before the beginning pre-project survey of the object necessary:
- Record the wishes of the customer. They must be taken into account when performing work.
- Collect the necessary technical documentation. It includes plans of the area, drawings of communications (if any), a diagram of the surrounding buildings.
- Make an initial idea about the object. To do this, performers go to the place and assess its external condition.
- Agree with the customer the cost and timing of the work.
When all the preparatory issues are settled, it begins directly. It includes:
- Step by step research of the object.
- Calculations and comparison of the obtained indicators with the normative ones.
- Registration pre-project survey report.
It should be said that the use of high-precision equipment allows all measurements to be made by a non-destructive method. This means that the integrity of the structures will not be violated.
Procedure value
Of course, the developer has the right to refuse a pre-project survey. There are quite a few examples of such cases. However, it is advisable if the customer is 100% sure of the success of the construction or reconstruction.
Meanwhile, even an insignificant factor, not taken into account at the preparatory stage, can lead to serious problems. As practice shows, construction or reconstruction is often frozen for a long time. Project design and implementation pre-project survey can be compared to playing roulette. Not only financial resources can be put at stake, but also the reputation of the developer company.
Quite often, projects are simply frozen. For example, the customer refused pre-project survey, purchased materials for reconstruction. However, before the start of work, a defect was found in the supporting structures. Accordingly, the purchased material is unsuitable for its strength characteristics for installation. A huge amount flew down the drain, and the work was frozen for a long time.
Key tasks
Pre-project survey performed for:
- Assessment of the real technical condition of the facility before modernization, reconstruction, etc.
- Determining the level of wear of structures. The validity and, in some cases, the legality of the subsequent operation of the structure depends on it.
- Fitness definitions land plot to build a building on it.
- Restoration of lost drawings and plans of the object, other technical documentation.
- Making adjustments to the project taking into account the identified circumstances.
- Estimates of upcoming costs for the reconstruction, restoration, construction of the facility. This is necessary for compiling business case capital investments. As a rule, it is required if financing is carried out from budget money.
results
After a comprehensive study is completed, a voluminous conclusion is drawn up. Depending on the specifics of the object, it includes:
- Description of design features, plans and drawings.
- The results of the inspection of the site for construction, assessment of the state of the foundation and soil.
- Photos of structural defects found during the examination.
- The results of the technical inspection of the structure, indicating the main parameters.
- Graphic images of identified defects with the dynamics of their expected development. For example, if a crack is found in the foundation, you can see what effect it will have on the condition of the structure in a few years.
- Results of laboratory analysis of samples of materials of load-bearing structures.
- Calculations for individual elements of the structure.
The list can be supplemented at the request of the customer. For example, a photo of the general view of the structure, some of the interior premises, information about the former owners of the object, etc. can be attached to the conclusion.
Nuance
It should be noted that a pre-project survey is usually carried out design organizations with the appropriate permission.
If the interested person orders only the examination, then you will have to pay for it. If the customer is set up for long-term cooperation with the company, that is, it is assumed that its employees will draw up a project, the conclusion based on the results of the inspection is provided free of charge.
Validity and effectiveness of the procedure
As a rule, the customer's refusal from the pre-project survey is conditioned by the unwillingness to incur additional costs, especially since the construction or reconstruction itself requires considerable investments. It is quite difficult to convince developers of the need to evaluate an object. However, by agreeing to the survey, the customer can significantly save:
- Lead time for major work.
- Resources. It's not just about the equipment, it's also about the workforce.
In addition, the developer does not need to use expensive technical means.
Timely detection of defects allows minimizing all risks associated with them. At the same time, if the condition of the facility is satisfactory, it is possible not to use expensive equipment for reconstruction and repair. Accordingly, knowing the weaknesses of the facility, the customer can correctly distribute tasks between workers.
Pre-project survey of the enterprise in process automation
For the effective implementation of the automation project, it is necessary to carefully analyze the features of the object, clarify the requirements of the customer. During pre-project inspection, according to GOST 34.601-90, a set of conditions is determined in which the system will be operated:
- Software, hardware resources.
- external conditions.
- The scope of work and the number of people involved in management.
In addition, a description of the functions of the system is carried out, restrictions are determined during development (terms for the completion of individual stages, organizational measures and procedures aimed at ensuring the protection of information, etc.).
Purpose of analysis
During the survey stage, general and vague knowledge about the requirements for the system is transformed into accurate. In particular, the following are defined:
- Functions, system architecture, external conditions for the distribution of tasks between software and
- interfaces.
- Requirements for information and program elements, database, necessary resources, the physical parameters of the components.
- Distribution of tasks between the system and the person.
Structural analysis
The choice of research method has a significant impact on the quality of design.
When using the structural method, the survey begins with a general overview of the system, followed by detailing. As a result, the AS acquires a hierarchical structure, the number of levels in which is constantly increasing.
This method involves dividing the system into stages with the allocation of a limited number of elements on each of them. As a rule, there are 3-7 such components. At each level, only those details that are essential to the system are identified. Information is considered in conjunction with the operations in which it is involved. The recording of elements is carried out according to strict formal rules, a system specification is drawn up. This allows you to get closer to the final result.
Principles
The methodology of the analysis is based on several provisions. Some of them regulate the organization of events at the initial stages of the system life cycle, others are used in the development of recommendations. The principles of decomposition and hierarchical ordering are considered basic.
The first involves solving complex issues of structuring sets of functional tasks. The problems that have arisen are divided into many smaller ones, easy to understand and, in fact, to solve.
According to the second principle, for a detailed formalized description of these parts, their internal structure is decisive. The ease of perception of a problem is enhanced by structuring its elements into a hierarchy. Simply put, the system is built and understood in levels, at each of which new details are added.
Automated design systems
In the field of automation of project activities, the CASE direction has been formed for several years. The intensive expansion of the scope of PC application, the constant complication of information bases, the tightening of requirements for them led to the need for industrialization of technologies.
One of the most important directions in the development of science and technology has become the development of integrated tools based on the concepts of systems management and their life cycle.
There is currently no precise definition of CASE. The content of the concept, as a rule, is determined by a list of problems solved with its help, a set of means and methods.
CASE technology is a complex of research methods, maintenance of an automated system. It provides a specific toolkit designed for system analysts, programmers, developers. It automates the design process. In addition, the technology allows for a pre-project survey, structural analysis, specification of projects using programming tools. CASE is used in modeling business applications to solve problems related to strategic and operational planning, resource management, development control.
Most of the tools included in the technology are based on a scientific approach. Within the framework of the methodology, instructions are formulated for the analysis and selection of the system project, stages of work, sequence, rules for using and assigning methods.
This section presents examples of our work in the framework of surveys and construction expertise
Technical report on the condition of the roof of the building
Date of examination: —
On the basis of defective statements, an assessment of the technical condition of building structures is given. The reasons for the formation of defects and damages are revealed. The degree of influence of defects and damages on the operation of structures is determined. Recommendations have been developed to eliminate the unsatisfactory condition of defective and damaged elements of the building. All examined structures are classified according to the hazard category.
Technical conclusion based on the results of inspection of bridge structures
Date of examination: August 2014
The purpose of the work is to assess the technical condition of building bridge structures, to assess their compliance with the requirements normative documentation.
The technical conclusion based on the results of the foundation survey consists of 63 pages of an explanatory note, including six tables and five appendices. The appendices contain graphical appendices, the location of defects, their photographic fixation, laboratory test reports and SRO approvals.
Technical conclusion on the state of the foundations and the monolithic slab of the building
Based on the results of field studies, an assessment of the technical condition of foundations and a monolithic slab was given. The actual strength of the completed structures was determined. The reasons for the formation of defects and damages are revealed. The degree of influence of defects and damages on the operation of structures is determined. Recommendations for the further operation of foundation structures have been developed.
and the possibility of its further safe operation and reconstruction
Date of examination: July 2015
Based on the results of a survey of the technical condition of the building structure for the possibility of its further safe operation and reconstruction.
Technical conclusion on the state of building structures of the building
Date of examination: May 2015
On the basis of defective statements, an assessment of the technical condition of building structures is given. The reasons for the formation of defects and damages are revealed. The degree of influence of defects and damages on the operation of structures is determined. Recommendations for the elimination of defects and damages in structural elements have been developed.
Expert opinion of the Judicial Construction and Technical Expertise
Date of examination: —
The court appointed a judicial construction and technical expertise to the experts of ZHILEKSPERTIZA LLC. In accordance with Art. 64 of the Arbitration Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, an expert examination is one of the types of evidence, and the arbitration court appoints it at the request of the participants in the case to clarify issues that arise during the consideration of the case and require special knowledge.
Technical conclusion on the state of building structures of the building
Survey date: 2015
During the survey, an assessment was made of the compliance of building structures with the requirements of regulatory documentation, Federal Law 384-FZ of December 30, 2009 “Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures” and GOST 31937-2011 “Buildings and Structures. Rules for the inspection and monitoring of the technical condition.
Technical conclusion for the inspection of the condition of the load-bearing structures of a part of the building
Date of examination: 2016
All examined structures are classified according to their technical condition and category of defect hazard. Recommendations have been developed to eliminate the unsatisfactory state of damaged building elements.
Technical conclusion on the state of the supporting structures of the metal frame and mezzanine
Date of examination: —
On the basis of the visual-instrumental survey, an assessment was made of the technical condition of the building structures of the building for examination of the state of the structures metal frame and the mezzanine of the building and the value of the maximum permissible load on the floor slab of the first floor.
Technical conclusion on the state of the building's load-bearing structures
Date of examination: —
Taking into account the identified defects, according to GOST 31937-2011, an assessment was made of the technical condition of the building structures. The reasons for the formation of defects and damages are revealed. The degree of influence of defects and damages on the operation of structures is determined.
Technical opinion on the condition of the foundation for equipment and floor slabs
Date of examination: 2016
On the basis of the visual-instrumental survey, an assessment was made of the technical condition of the building structures of a part of the building (the foundation for equipment and floor slabs).
Buildings of section No. 1.
The right to carry out this type of work is confirmed by the Certificate of Admission.
The survey was caused by the need to assess the technical condition of the building structures in connection with the existing deformations of the structural elements.
The design documentation for the inspection of building structures included the following types of work:
- performance of measurement work to determine the parameters of the bearing structural elements of the building;
- assessment of the actual technical condition of the main load-bearing structures and the building as a whole;
- issuance of recommendations to ensure the further operational suitability of the building.
Based on the results of a survey conducted in accordance with the requirements
SP 13-102-2003 and GOST 53778-2010, this report has been compiled, which includes:
- drawings of the building (plans, sections, facades);
- the results of the examination of structures (walls, ceilings, coatings, structural elements) with photographic fixation of existing defects;
- conclusions on the assessment of the technical condition of structures;
- recommendations for ensuring the further normal operation of the building.
When performing work, the following documentation was used:
1. Technical passport for the warehouse building.
2. A fragment of a topographic survey of the building site.
2.2. a brief description of object
2.2.1. common data
The surveyed building is located in Rostov-on-Don.
Climatic conditions:
- Climatic region - III B;
- design winter temperature - 220 С;
- calculated snow load for the II snow region (according to SNiP 2.01.07-85 *) on the horizontal projection of the roof - 1.20 kPa;
- standard wind pressure for the III region (according to SNiP 2.01.07-85 *) at a height of up to 10 m - 0.38 kPa;
- normative depth of soil freezing (according to SNiP 2.02.01-83) - 0.9 m;
- seismicity of the area - 6 points.
Building characteristics:
- level of responsibility of the building - normal;
- degree of durability - II;
- degree of fire resistance of the building - II;
- functional fire hazard class - f 1.1.
Technical and economic indicators:
Total area - 687.8 m2.
Construction volume - 2313 m3.
2.2.2. Conditions for the construction and operation of the building
The warehouse building was built in 1966. There is no information about previous inspections of the building, as well as about the surviving documentation for the construction of the building.
According to the employees who operate the building, several years ago, for a long time, the soils of the base of the foundations were soaked with hot water supply waters (in the area of \u200b\u200baxis "2").
During the survey, it was noted that part of the building in the axes "1" - "2" was attached later than the main building.
In the immediate vicinity of the axis "5" of the surveyed building is located next.
When examining the building, increased humidity and dampness in the basement rooms were noted.
2.2.3. Space-planning and design solutions
The building is one-story brick, rectangular in plan, overall dimensions in the axes 37.3x11.7 m. Under the part of the building in the axes "2/1" - "4" there is a basement 2.4 m high. The height of the first floor is 3.7 ... 3.8 m.
The constructive scheme of the building is frameless with load-bearing brick longitudinal walls.
Foundations - tape on a natural basis.
Basement ceiling - reinforced concrete multi-hollow slabs.
Covering - reinforced concrete ribbed and multi-hollow slabs.
The beam on which the floor slabs rest in the axes "1" - "2" is metal.
Lintels over window openings - metal.
The roof is made of rolled welded materials.
Plans, sections and facades are shown on the sheets of the graphic part and in photographs in Appendix 4.1.
2.3. Structural survey
2.3.1. Foundations and engineering-geological conditions
During the inspection of the building, the foundations were not opened and were not studied.
There are no data on engineering-geological surveys. The terrain is calm and flat.
2.3.2. Walls and lintels
Wall and lintel materials
The walls of the building are made of ceramic bricks. The surface of the walls in the premises is plastered. The thickness of the outer and inner walls is 440 mm with a plaster layer. Brick brand M100.
Brick partitions 150…300 mm thick were installed in the basement and first floor rooms.The thickness of the walls of the building does not meet the requirements of heat engineering standards.
Defects in walls and lintels
The main defect of the building walls are vertical, inclined and horizontal sedimentary cracks. The width of the opening of cracks in the walls of the building is up to 15 mm. The maximum deformations are marked in the axes "1" - "3".
Lintels over the openings of the building are made of metal from L75x75 corner and channel)