How to make a template for brickwork. Fixing a template for laying bricks with your own hands
In order for a brick wall to be even and of high quality, the use of the right tools is required. The bricklayer can be mass-produced or do-it-yourself. Each accessory product performs a specific function and simplifies the work process.
For long-term operation of the tool, it is necessary to monitor its cleanliness, choose the right material from which it is made.
Tools that are used for quality masonry
Basic set
- Container for the mixture. Designed for mixing material with a volume of 40-50 liters.
- Shovel. It is necessary to comply with the ratio of the components of the mixture and the primary mixing.
- 9-14 l bucket. Serves for carrying and lifting the solution to the upper floors.
- Trowels. A trowel of different shapes with a wooden handle is used to apply the solution to the work surface with an even distribution. There are trapezoidal K-B, drip K-P and other specific forms.
- Joining. It is used at the final stage for decorative work when processing seams. The jointing consists of a handle and an oblong metal part of a narrow shape.
- A pick hammer is used to eliminate brick defects. A light tap allows you to put the block in the right place, to compact the masonry. It comes in square and round shapes.
- Mop. A device with a steel handle, to which a rubber plate is attached between the flanges. The optimal dimensions are 140 × 140 × 10 mm. It is necessary for cleaning and smoothing, as well as for better filling of joints.
Control and measuring devices
Using the level, you can determine the deviation of the structure from the intended line.
- Plumb bob is a synthetic inelastic guide thread having a cone-shaped weight at the end and weighing 200-400 g or 600 g, 300 cm long. It is needed to control the vertical.
- Building level. The design is a volume ruler where special ampoules with liquid are embedded. Determines the deviation from the layout and the slope of the surface. With a perfectly straight line, the liquid is located strictly in the center of the ampoule.
- The rule is wood planks with a section of 3 × 8 cm and a length of 150-200 cm. It can be made of duralumin of a shorter length (120 cm). It is needed to control the evenness of the front masonry.
- Moorings. This is the name of the control tension cord. Stretches along brick rows, and serves to check the evenness of the masonry and horizontal straightness. The cords are made with a thickness of 3 mm.
- Ordering. It is a rail with a cross section of 5 × 5 cm or 7 × 5 cm in length - up to 200 cm. It can be both metal and wooden, marked with special divisions that correspond to a certain thickness of the brickwork. If the tool has holes every 7.7 (10) cm, a mooring cord is inserted through them. They are used for marking rows of standard or thickened building materials, as well as fixing the marks of the bottom and top of openings for doors and windows, floor slabs, lintels.
Mechanized instruments
With the help of a laser tape measure, the measurement data is obtained as accurate as possible.
- The laser level is a modern bricklaying tool. The axis builder is selected according to the range of the beam. With its help, quick markup is carried out.
- Laser tape measure. The device minimizes errors in determining volume, area and other quantities. Allows you to get accurate measurements of the wall, the amount of required building materials.
- Cuvette. Accurately measures the required mix volume for each joint type. The structure consists of walls and side strips without a bottom.
- Ordering-dispenser - modified cuvette with marking devices. More complex form the structure is equipped with a screw support for fastening to the bottom row of brick blocks. The multifunctional model can include elements for shaping the seams in the relief, as well as components for fixing and aligning the mesh.
Additional kits
In working with bricks, auxiliary tools for brickwork are also used, namely:
- Construction jig is a mounting device that is exposed for the convenience of working on a stable surface. It is used to secure temporary structures, various difficulties, guiding tools.
- Mooring brackets - steel structure in the shape of the letter P. Designed for fastening intermediate horizontal rows. The staple is inserted every 7 rows one above the other.
- The crosses help to get the thinnest possible seams, as well as maintain the distance between the rows for the most accurate and accurate styling. Most often, crosses are used to work with facing bricks.
- A device for carrying bricks. It can be a backpack, a wheelbarrow, pallets.
- Set for other types of brick blocks. This includes:
- Frame with 2 longitudinal sides, preferably made of wood or plastic. The distance from one rail to another is equal to the thickness of the wall. The design allows you to maintain the verticality of the wall, without using plumb lines and levels.
- Carrying handles. Serve to facilitate the use of the tool.
- Crossbars or rails in flat steel. This brick laying template allows you to control the linearity.
Brick is one of the most common building materials. But the arrangement of such masonry implies experience and the use of special tools, which guarantees a high-quality result. The fixtures can be homemade or you can purchase a standard version from the assortment available in stores.
Before you start laying bricks, you need to acquire all the necessary building materials and tools
Bricklaying tools
To help the bricklayer, a variety of devices are used that allow you to achieve the following benefits:
- The required accuracy is provided - the wall is flat;
- The work of the worker is made easier;
- Has a positive effect on worker productivity.
Hand tool
What a bricklayer will need:
- Trowel or trowel- a small metal spatula in the shape of a triangle on a wood / plastic handle, a trowel allows you to level or remove concrete mortar from the wall, grind the seams.
- Shovel bucket- is involved in the preparation of a joint solution, also facilitates the application of cement to the bed during large-scale works.
- Level- another common tool, it is used to measure the evenness of the wall horizontally. The measurement takes place at the expense of a sealed capsule with an anti-freeze and an air bubble - the air must be exactly in the middle of the capsule, which indicates the correct geometry of the wall.
- Pick hammer- indispensable for splitting building blocks for renovation work.
A bricklayer needs a whole range of tools
Popular fixtures:
- Plumb line- this is the most primitive measuring device for assessing the vertical evenness of the wall and the quality of the corners - and you can control the height of two or three floors.
- Cord (mooring)- indispensable for assessing the height of the wall, which is important at the preparatory stage, you can also assess the straightness and horizontalness of the finished wall.
- Embroidery- helps in the formation of the decor of the joint profile when laying the facing material. The seam turns out to be curly, firmwares come in different sizes and profiles.
- The rule Is just a flat bar for assessing the evenness of the walls.
- Ordering- it is attached to the 1st row, which makes it possible to predict in advance the location of the next rows of building materials. It is indispensable for the execution of drawings, cladding, control of the placement of openings, etc.
Bricklaying construction tools
Bricklaying devices
Having available materials, for example, polymeric materials, plastic, steel, you can create devices for even masonry with your own hands. The main difference from factory-made products will be the method of fastening the parts, as well as the durability of the product.
DIY dispenser
Laying bricks with a dispenser is easier
One of the most common devices is a dispenser that allows for a gentle application of the binder for the building material... Depending on the size and weight of this material, the thickness of the seam, and therefore the volume of the squeezed mixture, varies.
The width of the mortar strip corresponds to the geometry of the future wall and is limited by the front strips. The lower level of the stops corresponds to the seam thickness. An elementary device is a plywood limiter - for its manufacture, it is enough to buy material up to 25mm thick. We assemble the body according to the specified data, wooden blocks or pieces of plywood, metal corners are installed as frontal limits and stops.
Control devices
Laying a brick with a template is easier - it allows you to dose the volume of the laid mortar
The brickwork template is a special frame with two parallel sides, a handle and steel crossbars. The inner width of the frame is equal to the width of the wall - it can be 1-1.5 or more bricks. In the lower part of the device, there are special projections on both sides that align the block in the wall and at the same time capture the previous row of bricks. The material for the device is plywood or wood slats. In industrial production, metal or plastic can also be used.
For the manufacture of such a structure, an old box is most often used - we fix the bars of the lower stop and a wooden frame with self-tapping screws; when calculating the wall thickness, we take into account the standard seam thickness within 10-12 mm.
Homemade bricklaying device
DIY bricklayer option
A home-made device allows you to dose the solution and apply a perfectly even strip of binder to the brick. The device is nothing complicated- for the preparation of such a tool, you will need a metal sheet, the thickness of which will correspond to the required thickness of the seams. Cut out a rectangular hole in the sheet, the width of which corresponds to the width of the brick. A factory-made dispenser can be purchased.
The algorithm for using it is as follows: after laying a sheet with a hole on the installation, fill the form with a solution, and then level its surface with a trowel, removing excess. As a result, a strip of mortar 10 mm high is obtained on the bed - the wall will exactly correspond to the required dimensions indicated in the drawings.
The mortar for connecting blocks is a rather aggressive environment, therefore it is necessary to protect the devices used. If they are made of plastic or wood, then all internal surfaces in the templates must be treated with wear-resistant ship or parquet varnish. It is better to apply protection in several layers - this will increase the service life of the created dispenser.
After the end of the working day, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the tool from the remnants of the binder mixture - this reduces the wear of the materials and allows you to maintain the inner surfaces in working order. Otherwise, the tool will be damaged.
Factory products cost
If it comes about large volumes of work, it is better to buy devices made at the factory. Most often they are implemented in a set, for example, a set of "Brick" or "Bricklayer" includes the following elements:
- Templates for laying out the mixture on the bed;
- Trowel;
- The shape of the wall is one and a half bricks - 88 mm;
- Wall shape in one brick - 65 mm;
- Corner - allows you to check the angular parameters of the wall, the dock is attached to it;
- Operating instructions, most often in a video version.
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Brick is still one of the main building materials. Good masters are appreciated in the architectural business. To make learning the art of building faster, they use various devices for laying bricks. You can make them yourself at home. Many novice brick craftsmen use such devices to improve their skills.
Make the perfect brickwork
main destination
Bricklaying is a very demanding job. Not only the beauty of the future structure depends on it, but also its strength and durability. Therefore, when erecting walls, precision instruments are indispensable. Many decide to lay bricks with their own hands. The devices that help them in this must be available and in good condition. The necessary tools are divided into 3 groups:
- The main, or main.
- Control and measuring.
- Mechanical.
It is almost impossible to do without tools from the first group.
These include:
- Trowels or trowel. These are special blades of various shapes for applying and leveling mortar.
- Joining - a device for checking and leveling masonry joints.
- Hammer-pick. Fitting and splitting bricks into halves is impossible without this tool.
In this video, we will consider a device for laying bricks:
The second group is no less important. Without it, a high-quality wall is unlikely to work. Only very experienced bricklayers can afford to work without measuring instruments, and even then only on frivolous objects. This group includes:
- Plumb line. This is a very simple device, but without it, the construction of a perfectly vertical wall is unthinkable.
- The level is one of the most difficult building tools. Serves for checking horizontal planes and lines.
- The dock is usually a simple cord that is pulled to align the next row of bricks.
- Ordering - a template for laying bricks of different designs. It is used to control the quality of masonry. Different rulers, squares and their modifications can act as this tool.
The third group includes more complex fixtures for laying bricks.
They are usually done in order to facilitate the work of the bricklayer and make his work better and more efficient.
Some of these tools are:
- Cuvette. This device helps to distribute the mortar evenly over the next row of bricks.
- Ordering dispenser. A tool for laying a certain number of bricks. Usually has vertical and horizontal scales and clamps for firm hold.
- Integrated dispenser. This is a modified complex device that unites most necessary tools for work.
Without good tools, the end result of the work will be poor or completely unusable. If you allow irresponsibility in this matter, then a situation may arise that is dangerous to the health and life of those who will use the building.
Application in practice
Even the most experienced bricklayers use many quality control tools in their work. Despite the fact that they have gained tremendous experience over the years, they do not trust their eyes, and regularly check the masonry with the help of precision instruments. It is especially important to use such masonry devices. facing brick, because this type of work requires special care and precision.
The cladding is done to give the building a beautiful appearance. With the help of special bricks or tiles, not only the outer part of the house is decorated, but also its internal elements in many buildings. This is a very complex process. Here are just some of the difficulties that arise during such work:
- The cladding material is of an unusual configuration. Because of this, difficulties arise with its installation.
- Often the customer requires an original type of cladding, which forces the bricklayer to be very attentive and accurate. A very precise tool is required to lay out unusual shapes.
- Application of solutions with additional components. For example, very often in such cases, the joint mixture is tinted, and this, in turn, requires additional attention from the master to the quality of the masonry.
Naturally, when performing such precise work, the measuring instruments must be flawless. The more often and more responsibly they will be used in construction, the greater the guarantee of performance of work with a high final quality.
DIY making
Various kits are offered by many home improvement stores. However, sometimes it is difficult to find something that would fully satisfy the needs of the master. Therefore, many take on the independent manufacture of the necessary tool.
To make a level, it is enough to find a good metal cylinder, preferably with a sharp tapered nose, and tie it to a thin, strong cord. To check the evenness of the wall, a long straight strip or board is perfect. For convenience, a handle is made on it in the middle part.
The situation is more complicated with how to apply an even layer of solution to the next row. To do this, make a template for brickwork.
Here step by step diagram its manufacture:
- Prepare materials for work and tools.
- A frame is made from the slats. In width, it should be such that it fits tightly on the brickwork of the wall being erected. For this, the longitudinal strips should protrude 5-10 cm compared to the transverse ones.
- The cross bars are made in height equal to the height of the applied layer of the solution. For a brick wall of one and a half bricks, this is 10 cm.
- For convenience, handles are nailed on the sides.
- To protect against corrosion, the product is covered with parquet lacquer and cleaned regularly after use.
The use of simple devices greatly facilitates the work of a bricklayer and helps to make the result of his work better and more reliable. Having spent a little time and effort to purchase such equipment, a novice master will be able to master the basics of the art of bricklaying much faster.
The process of erecting a brick wall is a responsible task, on the quality of which the strength and safety of any structure will depend. The whole difficulty lies in the need to comply with many parameters, ranging from the correct identification of axial planes, inter-element dimensions and ending with mixing adhesive solutions. All this affects both the external data of the masonry itself and its technical features, which are manifested in the process of use. That is why a special device for laying bricks is required - purchased or made by hand, the essence does not change from this.
What tool do you need?
Construction work related to stone laying requires special experience, care and investment of a large amount of time, which, in addition to basic work, will be required to solve measuring problems.
For quick brick laying, you must use a specialized tool. You can buy a set in an online store, however, these kits today have a relatively high cost, moreover, the standard equipment will not allow taking into account all the technical characteristics of the material itself and design features structures.
The entire set of equipment used can be divided into three main categories:
- main elements,
- control and measuring devices,
- mechanical devices.
Main fixtures for bricklaying
The structure consists of a blade and a holder. With the help of a trowel, cement or other bonding material is applied to the upper surface and uniformly distributed over them. Trowels can also be used if it is necessary to cut and remove excess bonding mixture already on the erected wall. They, if necessary, chop off the solution.
Trowels are conventionally divided into two types: K-B - triangular blade shape, K-P - the working element has rounded corners and a pointed upper base zone.
Embroidery
It is intended for checking the layer of the applied solution and giving it a certain shape. It consists of a handle and an elongated working part with a specific formwork, in the form of which the subsequent formation of seams will be performed. The profile of the gutter can be concave or convex.
It is used in the process of performing several basic tasks of cutting stone to create the necessary shape, correct incorrect installation without dismantling the blocks and using lung technology tapping. Kirochka is produced in two types - with a rounded working element and a wide, square one.
VIDEO: Checking the "Bricklayer Set"
Control and measuring devices
These devices are required to ensure that the process of setting the stones is carried out as accurately as possible.
A small weight, weighing 200-400 grams, made in the form of a cone with a pointed end, fixed to the base using a synthetic inelastic thread, 300 cm long.If it is required to control the vertical plane of a structure with a height of several floors, the weight should be not less than 600 grams.
Required to track the level of deviation of vertical and horizontal planes. It consists of an oblong rectangular body, with a built-in ampoule, partially filled with a special liquid. It is the air bubble that determines the slope level - for a perfect straight line, it should be strictly in the center.
Acts as a control line for the ruler to be pulled along the rows of bricks.
Brick laying template, ordering
Various slats, rulers, squares designed to control the size and correctness of the shape.
Mechanized bricklayers
These indispensable tools at hand can reduce the labor and effort required for manual work to measure and control the construction process.
Allows you to accurately measure the required volumes of cement slurry for a specific area of the joint and at the same time to give the cement the appropriate shape. The tool has an elementary structure of walls and side stops, without the presence of a bottom.
A flat vessel with a scribe mechanism, adjustable length and modern support elements in the form of screw clamps.
Complex dispenser
The package includes a level and other instrumentation.
How to work with facing material?
The main purpose of facing brick masonry is to decorate the facade, with its help you can form a general appearance in one stylistic direction.
Decorative stone has specific shapes and textures, which complicate the process of its installation and drawing a straight line. Let's consider the main difficulties that can be encountered in the process of work.
- Rough fixtures are considered unsuitable for decorating walls with facing stone.
- It is important to comply with the individual requirements corresponding to such a facing material - temperature, humidity, working time.
- It is necessary to use a joint solution with additional, viscosity-increasing, admixtures and painting components.
- Complex technology of work using a thin or too thick type of facing stone.
- The emergence of difficulties in creating curly styling of elements.
In this case, it is very important to use mechanical devices that affect the accuracy and aesthetics of the appearance of the finished work.
Bricklayer kit
The construction market offers a wide range of accessories, bricklayer kits, which have parts from all major categories of tools.
The most popular Brick Kits and similar imported Bricky Kits include:
- a cuvette that allows you to apply the solution in an even layer;
- control elements;
- trowel, ordering and mooring;
- sample.
Homemade
Some of the tools can be made with your own hands, for which you need wood slats, plywood sheet or chipboard, steel profile.
Regardless of what the building material consists of, aluminum or steel, the following elements will serve as structural elements of the device for laying bricks with their own hands:
Frame
It is made of strong cross-type beams with dimensions corresponding to the width of the block. Can be made as a stationary or sliding device.
Board
They act as a limiter for the height and width when there is a need to install additional parts.
Thrust parts
They are mounted directly on the frame itself and are intended to fix the structure on the first rows of brickwork.
It is required to clean only erected chimneys, ventilation ducts and other cone-shaped structures from the influx of mortar. Externally, it is a plate with dimensions of 140x140 or 150x150 mm, fixed on a long metal stick, with the help of which the beads are scraped off.
If the squeegee blade is made of rubber, you can fill in the seams from the inside and level the surface in this way.
It is necessary to perform an even layer, the entire surface depends on the quantity and straightness of which. If there is a lot of mortar, the brick will lie crooked, if not enough, it will sag and pull all other elements along with it.
In order to accurately determine the measure, a dispenser is used. This is a tray along the width of the assembled wall, in the center of which a hole for mortar is cut. Dispensers are made, as a rule, for 3-4 bricks at once, so that it turns out faster. In fact, the tray rises several minimeters above the wall, which determine the thickness of the solution.
Such homemade products do not require a lot of time and money, while almost all individual construction factors can be taken into account.
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When building a building or other structures, brick is often used. Working with it requires some skills and knowledge. If you do not have enough of them, then it is better to use various additional designs that will simplify your work. We will talk about one such device for laying bricks with our own hands.
Common fixtures
Building houses using bricks has been practiced for a long time. Therefore, specialists in this field have long been using various devices and systems that make the work as simple as possible and increase the quality of the result.
The most commonly used tools:
- - Level. With its help, the evenness of the masonry is achieved in the horizontal plane;
- - Rule. Used to control the outside of the rows;
- - Embroidery. This device is necessary for decorative seams;
- - Trowel. A device for working with mortar, with its help the cement mixture is smoothed out and excess is removed;
- - Plumb line. An uncomplicated device for controlling the verticality of walls and corners. Moreover, this can be done within several floors;
- - Mooring cord. It is used to control the straightness and horizontality of masonry.
There are other tools with which you can control the correctness of geometric dimensions, make decorative special design and much more. You can buy all these additional devices at any hardware store. And some you can even make yourself.
For example, a plumb line and a mooring line are made from a regular strong line and iron or wood pins.
Device for smooth brick laying
To improve the quality of the work performed, you can use a special device for laying bricks with your own hands. Its appearance is similar to a container without a bottom. This device helps to apply an even layer of mortar and simplifies the laying itself.
It is rather difficult to apply the required and even layer of the cement-sand mixture. Even not every professional master can properly handle this task, let alone beginners in this business. But a lot depends on this layer.
If not used enough, the bricks may not bond well. And if you take it in excess, then you will increase the consumption already without that expensive material. And also the appearance of the house may suffer. There will be varying amounts of mortar between the rows of bricks and it will look bad.
To avoid such inaccuracies, you need to use a special tool. It is used by all craftsmen, even the highest level. Thus, you increase the quality and speed of work, while reducing costs.
What devices are and how to use them
As mentioned earlier, a do-it-yourself bricklaying device looks like a container without a bottom. It has restraints on the sides and is rigidly held in place. The dimensions of the structure depend on the type of bricks and the masonry used.
Tool is established on a row of bricks and forms a niche into which sand-cement mortar is put. As a result, the mixture layer is almost flawless.
After filling the niche, the device is removed and rearranged to the next row. So you can quickly and neatly perform the laying.
We make a device with our own hands
If you buy a device from a store, you get a professional tool adjustable in all sizes. But if suddenly you do not want to spend money, then do it yourself. First, it is worth deciding on the geometric dimensions.
Everything here will depend on the materials used to build the walls. This device is allowed to be used when laying not only bricks, but also other building blocks (aerated concrete, slag concrete, etc.). Depending on this, the required layer of cement-sand mortar will be different.
If you figured out the volumes, then stock up on suitable materials and tools.
You will need:
- - A plastic box or (in its absence) a chipboard sheet;
- - Measuring devices (ruler, level, pencil);
- - Electric or hand drill;
- - Steel corners, screws, screws and nuts;
- - Hammer, screwdriver or screwdriver.
So, you have found a plastic box, and we will make a device from it. The plastic is quite strong and does not weigh much, which is very important for us. But you can construct a system of chipboard sheets, but then the weight will be a little more. Buy them from the store and find a drawer without top and bottom in the right size.
The iron corners will serve as limiters and stops. Drill holes in a suitable place, and fix the corners with screws and nuts. You can attach a handle to make the device comfortable to carry.
Summarize
As you can see, making devices for laying bricks with your own hands is very simple and not expensive. Although it will serve you for a very long time.
Brickwork is a job that should be done with at least some experience. If you execute it at random, then the strength of the walls will not be sufficient, and this is fraught, as you yourself understand. In addition, the quality of the masonry will depend on how the house will look from the outside.
It is imperative to use various devices and tools to control the work performed. It is not wise to think that if you can do without them, then you are a professional. Mechanical devices are designed to make our life easier.