Types and registration of social pension
Being in the dawn of strength, you don’t want to think too much about what will happen with the onset of old age and what you will have to live on. Having a good job reduces the number of reasons for concern - long work experience and transfers for the Pension Fund will ensure a comfortable existence in old age. But even in the absence of labor activity, a disabled citizen will not be left without a means of subsistence - such a person is assigned a social pension, which today is one of the most effective forms of state support.
What is a social pension
For a variety of reasons, a person may not have a working biography - for example, due to an injury or disability, but this does not at all deprive him of the prospect of receiving a guaranteed pension. Rather, on the contrary, the disabled, orphans, the elderly can be safely attributed to the circle of the most vulnerable category of the population, which requires special participation. Special social pensions are calculated for them - this is monetary assistance from the state, intended for disabled people who have not had time to earn the necessary experience.
What is the difference between a labor pension and a social pension
If a person has a job, then the components of future payments in advanced years include accruals in the PF, which are paid by his employer. Their value will reveal itself in how much the pensioner will eventually receive. Therefore, to answer the question “What is the difference between a labor pension and a social pension?” it will be easy - it is financed not only from the funds allocated to the federal budget, but also from the funds of the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation.
What is the difference between an insurance pension and a social pension
Similarly to labor, insurance is also formed from transfers to the FIU, however, there are differences and differences between them, because in the second case, the duration of work becomes much more important. At the same time, the insurance period also covers “pauses” in money transfers, which is convenient for a future pensioner. Therefore, it is immediately clear how the insurance pension differs from the social pension - the decisive factor here is how long the deductions were made, and if this is a long period, then a decent amount can accumulate.
Law on Social Pensions
The basic provisions on the issue of interest to us are set out in the Federal Law on social pensions, it determines who has the right to such benefits and regulates their amount. The law also speaks of the time interval in which such transfers will be made - for example, in the event of the loss of parents, this is the period until the child reaches the age of majority, and if he receives full-time education at an institute or university, then until the age of 23. There is also an indefinite (lifetime) establishment of transfers.
Types of social pensions
The current legislation distinguishes three main types of social pensions:
- For old age - it is paid to citizens who have reached the established age (for women, 60 years are legally defined, 65 for men), but due to various circumstances, they do not qualify for other types of state payments.
- By disability - it is determined for people with disabilities, and the fact that they have even one day of work experience makes it possible for them to apply for other, more voluminous forms of allowance.
- For the loss of a breadwinner - this includes not only minor children who have lost their mother and father, but also other persons. For example, family members of a military man who died due to a crime can count on this type of financial assistance.
Who is entitled to a social pension
Federal legislation covers various socially unprotected categories, and according to it, the following have the right to a social pension:
- Disabled people.
- Indigenous inhabitants of the Far North (for women, the age limit is 50 years, for men - 55).
- Disabled children, children who lost at least one of their parents and orphans.
- Citizens of Russia who have reached the appropriate age. Another name for such financial assistance is “social old-age pensions”.
Conditions for the appointment of a social pension
The main condition determining the appointment of a social pension is the inability of the individual to apply for other types of state pension. It is important to comply with other requirements, for example, it applies to the indigenous peoples of the Far North. We already know who receives a social pension in Russia - older people who do not have a working biography, other poor categories. Therefore, without exaggeration, this type of provision is state material assistance to people deprived of other sources of income, therefore it is of great importance.
Amount of social pension
To reduce the effects of inflation, government payments are subject to mandatory indexation - this calculation is carried out annually on April 1. At the same time, if the final size of the social disability pension (and other indicators) turns out to be less than the established subsistence minimum for a given region, then special additional payments are assigned to the recipient. The system of increases is also provided for northerners, for whose benefits a special regional coefficient is applied, which is canceled if this person changes his place of residence to warmer climes.
The basic size of the social pension (that is, without allowances and coefficients) directly depends on the category to which the recipient belongs, and there is a significant variation here. According to the situation as of April 2017, the range starts from 4279.14 rubles - this is a benefit for disabled people of the 3rd group, and the largest amount of accruals - 12082.06 rubles, is intended for disabled children. For comparison, those belonging to the Nanai, Khanty and Mansi receive 5034.25 rubles, and for children who have lost their father and mother, the amount will be twice as much.