How to use car tires in construction. DIY tire foundation
The foundation serves as the basis for any engineering structure. The construction costs of the underground part of the building account for a quarter of all construction costs. An interesting, cost-effective solution is the installation of a base made of car tires.
The technology of its installation does not require special experience and skills. In this article, we will consider how to build a foundation from tires with your own hands, its types, advantages, disadvantages.
For what buildings is a tire base used
The foundation on tires is not suitable for every housing construction.
Before deciding to use this type of foundation, you need to study the geological features of the area, compare the weight of the building with the bearing capacity of these products.
It is used for the construction of the base:
- baths;
- arbors;
- sheds;
- garages;
- summer kitchens;
- small light buildings.
The foundation made of tires for the gazebo, decorated with a bar, natural or artificial stone, will look beautiful.
A base made of old tires is perfect for small buildings, but it can behave unpredictably when used in the construction of large objects.
Benefits
Rubber is a good shock absorber between the building and the soil
Rubber decays more than 100 years, provided that it will not be exposed to ultraviolet light. This led to the idea of \u200b\u200busing rubber from old car wheels as the foundation of buildings.
The standard types of foundations include: slab, tape, pile grillage. Seasonal fluctuations in the soil can lead to cracks in the base and walls of the building. An alternative to using columnar bases was the use of a foundation made of old tires, which, due to their elasticity, are a good shock absorber between the soil and the structure.
Benefits:
- tires serve as a buffer against soil vibrations, dampen vibrations, protect the building from cracking;
- suitable for installation in seismically unstable areas;
- serve as a reliable barrier to moisture penetration;
- cheap and easy material to install.
When laying, it is important to cover the rubber with a thick layer of earth or roofing felt, so that when exposed to sunlight, harmful substances do not emit and the material does not disintegrate.
DIY columnar base device
Consider how to make a foundation from tires with your own hands. Old wheels are stored at service stations. Tires can be obtained free of charge or for a nominal fee. It is better to choose dense products of a larger section, ideally, these should be tractor tires.
Preparatory stage
Tires should be spaced in 2 - 3 m increments
The first stage of construction is drawing up a project and an estimate.
We calculate the load of the building taking into account the weight building materials, objects, people, the maximum layer of snow that can lie on the roof in winter.
The snow load is determined from the map and depends on the climatic zone.
We determine the type of soil, the depth of the location of underground sources.
Making a house building drawing on paper. We mark the location of the tires in the corners and at the intersection of the supporting structures. We divide the distance between these points into equal parts so that the tires are located in increments of 2 to 3 m.
DIY device
Tires are put on the installed bars
When all the loads have been calculated, there is a project, an informed decision has been made to use this type of foundation, we invite an assistant and proceed with the work.
Measures for the arrangement of a point foundation:
- We are preparing a construction site. We remove garbage, remove fertile soil.
- If the base is buried, then we dig a pit or wells for installing tires.
- We drive in the pegs, according to the location on the drawing. We check that they are installed in the same plane, we measure the diagonals.
- We put on tires on the installed bars or put them in the wells.
- Align the outer surface of the tires so that they are aligned.
- We fill the inside of the tires and the distance between them with rubble, gravel or other dense material.
- To get an analogue of bored piles, fill the inside of the tire with concrete. Until the cement is completely dry, we periodically moisten it, cover it with polyethylene.
- We cover car tires with roofing felt.
- We mount the formwork from boards 100-150 mm in height. For greater strength, we lay the reinforcement inside, fill it with concrete. For information on how to fill the tires under the foundation, see this video:
With proper installation, this type of base will last from 50 to 100 years. This type of foundation does not require deepening below the freezing point of the soil.
Tile base device made of tires
The tire slab foundation is a reliable foundation that can withstand fluctuations in unstable soil, it is installed buried or elevated, suitable for areas with high groundwater levels.
Device stages:
- The soil layer is removed to a depth of 20-30 cm. The construction site is leveled horizontally using a level.
- We lay tires over the area of \u200b\u200bthe construction site close to each other, in one or several layers. The larger their diameter and height, the better the amortization and waterproofing properties of the material.
- We fill the inner part of the tires and the distance between them with crushed stone, gravel, the remains of dense building material, and tamp. Fill with a cement mortar of the consistency of sour cream.
- We spread roofing material over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe tires with a margin on the sides.
- We mount the formwork along the perimeter of the bearing walls and partitions made of boards with a height of 100-150 mm. We fill it with fittings.
- Pour concrete solution, cover with polyethylene, periodically moisten. For details of the construction of the foundation for a frame shed, see this video:
When laying the bottom row, we make sure that the tires are in a horizontal plane, if this is neglected, it will be very difficult to correct the defect. We arrange the last row according to the level, otherwise the base will be uneven.
The foundation made of car tires does not require maintenance; during installation, it is required to close it from exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
The foundation is the basis of any structure, from a small farm building to a solid house. The reliability and durability of the erected structure depends on its quality, therefore, large material resources are always required for the construction of the foundation. More recently, car tires have been used for this purpose. The construction of such a base is available for every owner, since it does not require special knowledge and skills, and tires can be purchased without unnecessary financial investments... However, experts limit the scope of this material.
In what cases is a tire foundation used
Professional craftsmen who are engaged in the construction of foundations and analyze the behavior of a particular material during operation, concluded that the foundation made of tires is not able to cope with the load from the walls of large buildings. Therefore, it is recommended to use used tires in the following cases:
- During the construction of a summer cottage one-storey house, the walls of which are planned to be erected from a wooden bar.
- When erecting frame structures with a low total weight.
- For settling on summer cottage buildings for economic and domestic purposes, including sheds, summer kitchens and toilets.
- During the construction of baths and saunas.
- When building a base for a gazebo.
- As a base for a fence.
It is better not to use waste tires for the construction of capital structures, as this can cause unpleasant consequences.
Pros and cons of a tire foundation
Base from car tires has a large number of advantageous points:
- The minimum cost of purchasing material. Used tires can be purchased at service stations, in car repair shops.
- High strength characteristics. The tire foundation is able to compensate for any movement in weak and unstable soils.
- Ability to withstand significant loads, up to several tons.
- Excellent waterproofing properties. A support made of car tires will reliably protect the main structure from the negative effects of soil moisture.
- The tire foundation will reduce the impact of the soil during temperature extremes.
- The possibility of construction without the involvement of professional builders and a large number of people.
- Long operational life.
- Convenient transportation thanks to light weight material.
Among the shortcomings, one can single out, but an essential point: under the influence of sunlight and at elevated temperatures, car tires release toxic substances and a synthetic odor into the atmosphere. However, it should be noted that this kind of problem is solved by the method of material insulation using heat-resistant paint.
A set of necessary tools and materials
To build a foundation from used car tires, you should prepare the tools for work in advance:
- Shovel and rake.
- Soil compaction device.
- Building level.
Also, for the construction of a base of this type, it is necessary to prepare the following materials on the site:
- Directly car tires.
- Sand and crushed stone.
- Whole or defective bricks.
- Planks or plywood for the manufacture of formwork.
- Available waterproofing material, most often roofing material is taken.
- Bars of metal fittings.
Types of tire foundations and stages of their construction
Despite the high bearing capacity, it is better to build a tire foundation for lightweight buildings. Depending on the method of laying and placing the elements, two types of bases are distinguished: slab and columnar. In the first case, the tires are distributed over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe proposed foundation, tightly laying the elements. The second type involves the construction of a kind of columnar supports from tires, followed by filling their inner space with concrete mortar.
When building a foundation from car tires, it is important to select elements of the same brand and size. In this case, you can get a reliable and durable design.
Erection of a slab-type foundation from tires
A plate-type base from used tires can be made according to the following scheme:
- Preparing a plot for construction. In the process of work, old structures, large debris, trees and excess vegetation are removed.
- Remove the top fertile layer. The optimum soil removal depth is 15 cm.
- Level the site, checking its horizontalness using a building level.
- Tires are laid, pressing tightly against each other. To get a more solid foundation for the future structure, it is recommended to lay the tires in two layers.
- The inside of the tires, as well as the free space between them, are covered with gravel or bricks. In this case, the space inside the tires is 85 percent filled. It should also be remembered that the use of sand as filling material is undesirable. This can cause shrinkage of the base and deformation of the main building.
- A waterproofing material is laid on top of the tires; most often at this stage, roofing material or linoleum canvases are used.
- Formwork is mounted along the perimeter of the resulting base, using pre-prepared boards or plywood for this. It is best to put together panels from these materials, this will facilitate both the assembly of the formwork structure and its dismantling. The formwork should be 10-15 centimeters high.
- Inside the formwork, metal reinforcement rods are laid directly on the waterproofing layer, connected to a mesh with a certain mesh size. In this case, the rods must be tied with a soft wire; welding is not recommended in this case. Reinforcement with a metal frame will make the base more durable and reliable.
- The entire structure is poured with concrete, for the manufacture of which high quality cement, fine sifted sand and tap water are used.
- The concrete is carefully leveled and left to dry completely.
- The formwork is dismantled.
Column foundation made of car tires
The columnar base made of used car tires is resistant to any ground movements, which allows it to be used in regions with high seismic activity.
For self-construction of a columnar foundation made of tires, you can use the following scheme:
- At the construction site, a foundation pit is being prepared, its depth should not exceed 40 cm. The bottom is carefully leveled and tamped using a manual device.
- Equip a waterproofing pad of sand or fine gravel and carefully tamp it.
- According to the plan of the structure, pegs are placed on the site, marking the places where it is planned to place columnar supports from tires.
- Car tires are installed, while controlling the location of the peg directly in the center of the element.
- Installed columnar supports are leveled in height using a building level, a rule or a long board.
- The inner part of the tires is filled with rubble, construction waste or brick fragments. In this case, leave 5 cm blank.
- The filler is moistened and poured with a concrete mixture. Fill the remaining space with gravel, leveling the surface of all tires.
- The pillars are left until the concrete is completely dry. As a protection against cracking, you can use plastic wrap, it is used to cover the columnar supports made of car tires.
- A harness is mounted from a bar.
A foundation made of car tires can be called the simplest option for a foundation for small buildings for household and domestic purposes. Simple installation and operation make such a base popular among private developers. In addition, the tire foundation perfectly protects the structure from soil moisture and prevents its deformation under the influence of various ground movements. The main condition for the installation process is compliance with the rules for laying tires and the sequence of actions.
As a rule, people who are independently engaged in the construction of a house and other outbuildings are interested in minimizing the cost of conducting construction works... As you know, a very large part of the money is spent on. That is why at present, the foundation of car tires is of increasing interest - a solution that implies the use of, by and large, free material. However, do not think that tires alone will be enough for work.
A foundation made of car tires can withstand enormous loads.
Features, advantages and disadvantages of car tire foundation
The foundation of any structure, be it a house, a bathhouse, a fence or anything else, is its foundation, on which the future of the constructed objects completely depends. The cost of their construction, further maintenance and repair directly depends on the correctness of the calculation and manufacture of any yard building. Today, a car tire foundation is a very interesting, inexpensive and environmentally friendly solution. To build such a foundation, you will need used tires and a minimum set of tools, which will significantly reduce the cost of building a reliable and high-quality foundation.
In accordance with modern environmental technology, car tires are used to erect frames for concrete foundations. Why rubber tires? First of all, rubber decomposes very slowly in the soil - more than a century, and this is more than enough for long-term and effective use. The second factor is the excellent insulating qualities of car tires, since rubber does not absorb moisture from the soil.
If you follow all the rules and strictly adhere to the technology, you can quickly, efficiently and competently build an excellent one with minimal costs.
One of the main advantages of these types of bases is that they perfectly cope with any oscillatory loads acting on them.
They are excellent foundations for small and lightweight structures located both in private plots and in industrial areas.
Tire foundations have many distinctive advantages, namely:
Advantages of car tire foundations: durability, durability, economy.
- if cracks appear on similar types of underground foundations due to mechanical vibrations, then the foundations of car tires cope with their functions without the formation of such;
- durability, superior elasticity and material availability;
- amazing seismic resistance and shock absorption;
- ease of construction, labor savings, reliability and efficiency;
- car tires do not harm the environment.
The only drawback of the used tire foundations is that they are too wide for wall supporting structures. This, in turn, creates certain difficulties in cladding and an elegant and original design of additional width.
There is no need to be afraid to build on such foundations. This is a proven innovation that has proven to be effective and reliable.
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Rubber-based foundation - a reliable and practical solution
Baths are built from the foundation on rubber.
Tire foundations have proven to be excellent in the construction of sheds, garages, gazebos, baths and other lightweight structures. Such a solution allows you to minimize the cost of its implementation. As you know, a significant part of the costs is allocated specifically for the construction of foundations. That is why, at present, foundations on tires are of great interest, which is an excellent solution, which implies the use of, in its essence, free material on its site.
The possibility of using used car tires and tractor tires as building materials was thought of back in the late 1990s. Such a foundation allows, first of all, to save money on the purchase of building materials. It is quite simple, quick and practical to build a foundation from used tires - rubber itself is very cheap when compared to similar building materials.
The tires are characterized by enviable durability. It is imperative to remember here that if you close the tires with protective materials from direct sunlight, they will serve their owners for a very long time, not only decades, but even centuries.
Terem on a foundation made of tires: 1 - concrete slab; 2 - linoleum (roofing material); 3 - tires.
Among other things, car tires serve as intermediate waterproofing links, which effectively prevent wetting of the concrete layer of the foundation. Also, rubber noticeably softens the loads from heaving soils, since it is able to extinguish any kind of uneven deformations that often appear during seasonal fluctuations in air temperature. If we compare a similar base with columnar concrete foundations, then it is much cheaper and more stable.
Tire foundations are most often built in areas with high seismic activity. In this case, the tires perform the functions of a kind of softening pillows that protect the light structures of yard buildings from various harmful influences.
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Instructions for laying car tires
In general, it is most expedient to give a choice in favor of a foundation made of automobile tires when building barns, yard buildings, baths and garages quickly. A base made of car tires for a garage is almost no different from other types of foundations, while a garage building on rubber holds up no worse than on traditionally used foundations.
Many summer residents and owners of private houses know how to independently build a belt or columnar foundation, but here's how to build a reliable foundation from car tires when building small structures and various outbuildings, only those who have ever had to deal with such work in practice can answer.
The tire foundation can be built independently, but it is better to have at least 1 assistant. Old tires can be bought at any service station. They will only be happy about it, since for them it is the simplest solution to problems related to disposal. The only possible difficulty is the delivery of rubber to construction sites. It is best to give preference to tires with a large diameter, which are distinguished by the highest strength. It takes much less of such rubber products to build a foundation.
Experts advise against experimenting with tires when building large, heavy buildings. Do not forget that the foundation is the foundation of the house, and excessive arrogance and anticipation of big savings can play a very cruel joke on you. For a sturdy building with a basement, it is best to use a traditional slab or strip foundation.
You will need a wooden block to tamp the soil.
Prepare the tools and materials required for the construction, namely:
- car tires;
- shovel;
- rake;
- sand;
- gravel;
- formwork boards;
- wooden block for ramming;
- roofing material or thick linoleum.
Foundations on tires are a completely new type of foundation that can be made both under a small building and under a private house. Moreover, you can do it yourself.
Tire foundation characteristics
Due to the use of recycled materials, you can significantly reduce the cost of any building, especially when it comes to such fundamental projects as private house or a bath. This can be done quite well if used tires are used to build the foundation. This material has many advantages:
- long service life;
- seismic and wear resistance;
- environmental friendliness;
- availability;
- elasticity;
- ease of construction;
- no need for waterproofing;
- high reliability.
The author of the foundation of unnecessary automobile tires is a resident of St. Petersburg - Mikhail Semykin. This construction is named in his honor. Initially, he used trolleybus tires for construction. After such a foundation stood for more than a year, while no changes were found in the original design, Mikhail developed a technology that he later patented. The proof of the reliability of the tire foundation is his personal three-story house with an area of \u200b\u200b260 m 2.
Residential buildings can also be erected on a tire foundation
Tires also have one serious drawback, which, however, is quite easy to eliminate - the material can emit harmful substances at high air temperatures. To avoid this, the tires must be insulated from direct sunlight.
The use of this type of tire makes sense in seismic areas, on heaving soils, as well as in areas where permafrost is observed.
Types of tire foundations
There are two types of arrangement of the foundation for buildings made of this material:
- slab;
Slab foundation can be used for solid buildings
- columnar.
A columnar foundation made of tires is suitable for not very heavy structures, for example, for a bath
The differences are that in the first case, the tires are laid over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe site for construction. In the second, only individual posts are made of tires, on which wooden beams are laid out later. It is the columnar foundation that is more reliable, so it can be safely mounted in regions with seismic activity.
Photo gallery: using a tire foundation for different types of buildings
Even heavy houses made of logs can be built on a tire foundation. Timber sauna looks great on a tire foundation. Frame structures are lightweight, so they are often placed on tires
For change houses and utility blocks, the tire foundation is the second most popular after concrete blocks
Tire foundation: step-by-step installation instructions
Making the Semykin foundation with your own hands is quite simple. But remember that for this you need to bring a large number of car tires to your site.
The basis for a residential building
This type of foundation is a slab over the entire area designated for construction site. The sequence of work is as follows:
- Cleaning the site from debris, vegetation. Particular attention should be paid to the removal of tree roots. The fertile soil layer must be removed (about 20-30 cm).
- Laying tires in two layers. This is necessary to increase the strength of the foundation.
Tires can be laid on sand or directly on the ground
- Filling of voids between tires with fractional material. The internal voids of each tire must also be filled, but not completely.
The inner cavities of the tires must be filled with sand or gravel
- Flooring of waterproofing material. They can serve as roofing material or linoleum.
- Installation of panel formwork. It must be removable. It must be installed along the perimeter of the foundation. The height of the finished formwork must be at least 10 cm.
- Formwork reinforcement. Bonded fittings must be laid directly on the waterproofing layer.
- Filling the formwork with a concrete mixture. It is made from cement, sand and a small amount of water.
The formwork must be placed around the perimeter of the foundation
- Dismantling of the formwork. This can be done only after the final hardening of the concrete.
Video: erecting a slab foundation from tires
The base for a bathhouse and other small buildings
This type of tire foundation is recommended to be mounted under light structures, for example, a bathhouse or a barn. It is the columnar foundation that can become optimal solution on unnecessarily heaving soils or in areas with increased seismic activity.
To erect a columnar foundation, you need to perform several steps:
- Arrangement of the pit. To do this, the surface of the site must be leveled, covered with sand or fine gravel. This pillow must be tamped properly.
Before starting work from the site, it is necessary to remove all vegetation and remove the top layer of soil
- Territory marking. For this you need to use pegs.
- Laying of car tires. This should be done so that each peg is located in the center of the tire.
- Aligning the posts. The building level will help with this.
- Backfilling of voids. Small crushed stone or brick breakage is ideal here.
Horizontal timber strapping is laid on the posts made of tires
Video: do-it-yourself Semykin's columnar foundation
Secrets of building a foundation from tires
For such a foundation to stand for a long time, there are certain rules, the observance of which is mandatory:
- it is not recommended to use a tire foundation for the construction of massive buildings made of bricks or concrete blocks;
- the foundation of tires should be shallow;
- tires must be laid strictly horizontally, therefore, when installing the first row, you need to carefully monitor their position with a building level;
- if desired, the protruding parts of the foundation can be revetted with decorative material;
- the diameter of the tires should be as large as you can find, since larger tires are more durable.
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Most developers planning to build a country house want to reduce construction costs. It is known that a significant part of the construction costs are the costs of building the foundation. Wanting to minimize costs, people pay attention to practically free material - used stingrays. The tire foundation is an original solution, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the experience of operating buildings erected by private developers.
However, to ensure the reliability of the building being built, high-quality concrete mortar and crushed stone will be required, tires alone are not enough. It is important to master the technology of performing work using this exotic material.
In the article, we will consider how to form a reliable foundation from tires with our own hands, dwell on its advantages and disadvantages.
Today, of particular interest is the laying of a foundation made of tires.
Base types based on slopes
Until recently, the idea of \u200b\u200bplacing a building on tires could cause an ambiguous smile. However, today, a new technology is gradually being introduced into the field of private construction and allows you to make a foundation from tires in one of the following options:
- using car tires to form a solid base poured with concrete solution over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe building;
- on the basis of tires, installed as separate supporting elements for the house, located at the corner points of the building, as well as in areas of intersection of load-bearing walls, where significant loads are applied.
The base of the slab type is built from pre-filled with crushed stone and concreted car tires installed in two tiers on a pre-prepared construction site, from which the fertile soil layer has been removed, there are no remnants of roots, debris, large stony inclusions. The technology for performing work on the preparation of the base provides for filling the cavities inside and between the slopes with brick fragments, stone, fine gravel.
There is also a minus of the foundation of car tires - if the tires are on the surface of the earth, they are capable of emitting harmful substances
An exception is sand, which causes significant settlement of the foundation. The solid base is formed by pouring concrete into the formwork installed along the perimeter of the building. The slopes are pre-covered with roofing material. Before concreting, the structure can be reinforced with a reinforcing cage.
The columnar base has significant differences from the solid one, although the preparatory stage of the work is similar. main feature a columnar base, in contrast to a tiled base, is that concrete is poured for locally located supports inside the slopes after filling their cavities with crushed stone and compaction.
The question is, will the tire foundation bear the weight of the structure? After all, houses are built from various materials - bricks, cellular blocks, wood, differing in weight. Will the base provide the required strength, performance and long-term use of the building?
Regardless of the type of base, after pouring it must be strong, evenly absorb the forces transmitted by the structure. Let's consider the features.
This technology can be used in the construction of small buildings, therefore traditional types of foundations are used for massive and block structures.
Positives and negative points
Various types of building materials have advantages and have their own characteristic disadvantages. The foundation for the construction is no exception, the basis of which is worn tires. Consider the pros of constructing from old tires:
- Significant savings in financial resources due to the absence of the need to use expensive building materials. Finding used rubber tires is easy. They are in abundance in tire assembly areas, service stations. Old tires will be gladly returned by service workers, for whom your appeal is a free solution to the problem of recycling.
- Long service life of the base, built on the basis of car slopes. It will withstand the load of a timber house. Despite wear and tear, old tires used for construction purposes have a significant operational resource and retain their qualities. The damping properties ensure that the coefficient of elasticity remains unchanged, regardless of the tire's service life.
- Resistance of tires, protected from direct sunlight, to the effects of high soil moisture and multiple deep freeze cycles, which do not affect the structure of the slopes used as the basis of the building.
- Provision of reliable waterproofing of the base of the building from increased soil moisture and the negative impact of the influence of closely located aquifers. For a house installed on a foundation made of tires, moisture is not terrible. A reliable waterproofing base contributes to a favorable indoor climate.
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