How to make a template for masonry. Do-it-yourself fixture for laying bricks
For a brick wall to be smooth and of high quality, the right tools are required. The device for laying masonry can be mass-produced or made by hand. Each auxiliary product performs a specific function and simplifies the work process.
For long-term operation of the tool, it is necessary to monitor its cleanliness, choose the material from which it is made.
Tools that are used for high-quality masonry
Basic set
- Capacity for the mixture. Designed for mixing material with a volume of 40-50 liters.
- Shovel. It is necessary to observe the ratios of the components of the mixture and primary mixing.
- Bucket for 9-14 liters. Serves for carrying and lifting the solution to the upper floors.
- Masters. A trowel of various shapes with a wooden handle is used to apply the mortar to the work surface with uniform distribution. There are trapezoidal K-B, drip K-P and other specific forms.
- Stitching. It is used at the final stage for decorative work in the processing of seams. The embroidery consists of a handle and an elongated metal part of a narrow shape.
- A pickaxe hammer is used to eliminate brick defects. A light tapping allows you to put the block in the right place, to seal the masonry. It happens square and round.
- Fling. A device with a steel handle to which a rubber plate is attached between the flanges. The optimal dimensions are 140 × 140 × 10 mm. It is necessary for cleaning and smoothing, as well as better filling of the seams.
Instrumentation
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- Plumb - a synthetic non-elastic guide thread with a cone-shaped load at the end and weighing 200-400 g or 600 g, 300 cm long. It is necessary for vertical control.
- Building level. The design is a three-dimensional line, where special ampoules with liquid are built in. Defines deviations from a marking and an inclination of a surface. With a perfectly even line, the liquid is located exactly in the center of the ampoule.
- The rule is planks of wood with a section of 3 × 8 cm in length 150-200 cm. It can be made of duralumin of shorter length (120 cm). Needed to control the evenness of the face masonry.
- Moorings. This is the name of the pull cord. It is stretched along the brick rows, and serves to check the evenness of the masonry and horizontal straightness. Cords are made 3 mm thick.
- Ordering. It is a rail with a section of 5 × 5 cm or 7 × 5 cm in length - up to 200 cm. It can be either metal or wooden, marked with special divisions that correspond to a certain thickness of the brickwork. If the tool has openings every 7.7 (10) cm, a mooring cord is drawn in them. Used for marking the rows of standard or thickened building materials, as well as fixing the marks of the bottom and top of the openings for doors and windows, floor slabs, jumpers.
Mechanized appliances
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- The laser level is a modern brick masonry tool. The axis builder is selected by the range of the beam. With its help, fast marking is carried out.
- Laser tape measure. The device minimizes errors in determining volume, area and other quantities. Allows you to get accurate measurements of the wall, the amount of required building material.
- Ditch. Accurately measures the required volume of the mixture for each type of seam. The structure consists of walls and side slats without a bottom.
- Dispensing order - modified cuvette with marking devices. A more complex form of construction is equipped with a screw support for attaching to the bottom row of brick blocks. A multifunctional model may include elements for shaping the seams in relief, as well as components for fixing and aligning the mesh.
Additional sets
In working with bricks, auxiliary tools for masonry, namely:
- Building conductor - mounting device, which is exposed for the convenience of working on a stable surface. Used for fastening temporary structures, various difficulties, guiding tools.
- Mooring staples - a steel structure in the form of the letter P. Designed for fastening intermediate horizontal rows. The bracket is inserted in each 7 rows one above the other.
- Crosses help to get the thinnest seams, as well as maintain the distance between the rows for the most accurate and accurate styling. Most often, crosses are used to work with facing bricks.
- The device for carrying bricks. It can be a backpack, a wheelbarrow, pallets.
- Set for other types of brick blocks. These include:
- Frame with 2 longitudinal sides, preferably made of wood or plastic. The distance from one rail to another is equal to the thickness of the wall. The design allows you to maintain the verticality of the wall without using plumb lines and levels.
- Handles for carrying. Serve to facilitate the use of the tool.
- Crossbars or guides made of strip steel. Such a template for bricklaying allows you to control linearity.
Brick is one of the most common building materials. But the arrangement of such masonry implies the experience and use of special tools, which guarantees a high-quality result. Devices can be home-made or you can purchase a standard version from the range available in stores.
Before you start laying brick, you need to get all the necessary building materials and tools
Brick Tools
To help the bricklayer, a variety of devices are used that allow to achieve the following advantages:
- The necessary accuracy is ensured - the wall is smooth;
- Worker's labor is facilitated;
- Positive effect on the productivity of workers.
Hand tool
What does a bricklayer need:
- Trowel or trowel - a small metal spatula in the shape of a triangle on a handle made of wood / plastic, a trowel allows you to align or remove concrete mortar from the wall, wipe the joints.
- Shovel bucket - Involved in the preparation of the joint solution, also facilitates the application of cement on the bed during large-scale work.
- Level - Another common tool, with its help measure the evenness of the wall horizontally. The measurement takes place due to a sealed capsule with an anti-freeze and an air bubble - the air should be exactly in the middle of the capsule, which indicates the correct geometry of the wall.
- Little hammer - indispensable for splitting building blocks for repair work.
A bricklayer needs a whole set of devices
Popular fixtures:
- Plumb - this is the most primitive measuring device for assessing the vertical evenness of the wall and the quality of the angles - moreover, you can control the height of two or three floors.
- Cord (mooring) - indispensable for assessing the height of the wall, which is important at the preparatory stage, you can also evaluate the directness and horizontalness of the finished wall.
- Stitching - helps in forming the decor of the seam profile when laying the facing material. The seam turns out to be curly, firmware come in different sizes and profiles.
- The rule - it's just a flat bar to assess the evenness of the walls.
- Ordering - it is attached to the 1st row, which allows you to predict in advance the location of the next rows of building material. It is indispensable for the execution of drawings, cladding, control of the placement of openings, etc.
Building tools for bricklaying
Devices for bricklaying
Having available materials, for example, polymeric materials, plastic, steel, you can create devices for even masonry with your own hands. The main difference from factory-made products will be the method of fastening parts, as well as the durability of the product.
DIY dispenser
Putting a brick with a dispenser is easier
One of the most common devices is a dispenser that allows you to accurately apply a binder for building materials. Depending on the dimensions and weight of this material, the thickness of the seam, and hence the volume of extruded mixture, vary.
The width of the strip of the mortar corresponds to the geometry of the future wall and is limited by the front bars. The lower level of the stops corresponds to the thickness of the seam. An elementary device is a limiter made of plywood - for its manufacture it is enough to buy material up to 25 mm thick. We assemble the case according to the indicated data, as frontal limits and stops wooden blocks or pieces of plywood, metal corners are installed.
Control devices
Putting a brick with a template is easier - it allows you to dispense the volume of the mortar to be laid
The template for masonry is a special frame with two parallel sides, a handle and steel crossbars. The internal width of the frame is equal to the width of the wall - it can be 1-1.5 or more bricks. On the bottom of the device on both sides there are special protrusions that align the block in the wall and at the same time capture the previous row of bricks. The material for the device is plywood or wood slats. In industrial production, metal or plastic can also be used.
For the manufacture of this design, the old box is most often used - we fix the lower stop bars and a wooden frame with screws, when calculating the wall thickness we take into account the standard joint thickness in the range of 10-12 mm.
Homemade brick masonry device
Do-it-yourself fixture for masonry
A home-made device allows you to dispense a solution and apply a perfectly even strip of binder to the brick. The device is nothing complicated - to prepare such a tool you will need a metal sheet, the thickness of which will correspond to the required thickness of the seams. In the sheet, cut a rectangular hole, the width of which corresponds to the width of the brick. You can purchase a factory-made dispenser.
The algorithm for its use is as follows: having laid a sheet with a hole for laying, we fill in the solution form, and then we smooth its surface with a trowel, removing the excess. As a result, a strip of mortar 10 mm high is obtained on the bed - the wall will exactly correspond to the required dimensions indicated on the drawings.
The solution for connecting the blocks is a rather aggressive environment, therefore it is necessary to protect the devices used. If they are made of plastic or wood, then all internal surfaces in the templates must be treated with wear-resistant ship or parquet varnish. It is better to apply protection in several layers - this will increase the life of the created dispenser.
After the end of the working day, it is necessary to thoroughly clean the tool from the remains of the binder mixture - this reduces the wear of materials and allows you to maintain the internal surfaces in working condition. Otherwise, the tool will fail.
Cost of factory products
If a it is for large volumes of work, it is better to buy devices manufactured at the factory. Most often they are implemented in a set, for example, a set of "Brick" or "Bricklayer" include the following elements:
- Templates for laying out the mixture on the bed;
- Trowel;
- The shape of the wall in one and a half bricks is 88 mm;
- The shape of the wall in one brick is 65 mm;
- Corner - allows you to check the angular parameters of the wall, a mooring is attached to it;
- The instruction manual, most often in the video version.
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Brick is still one of the main materials for construction. Good masters appreciated in architectural matters. To make building art faster, they use various devices for bricklaying. You can make them yourself at home. Many beginners of brickwork masters use such devices to improve their skills.
Make perfect brickwork
The main purpose
Bricklaying is a very responsible job. Not only the beauty of the future structure depends on it, but also its strength and durability. Therefore, when erecting walls, precision instruments are indispensable. Many decide on brickwork with their own hands. Devices that help them in this must be in stock and in good condition. The necessary tools are divided into 3 groups:
- Basic, or major.
- Instrumentation.
- Mechanical.
It is almost impossible to do without tools from the first group.
These include:
- Craftsmen or trowel. These are special blades of various shapes for applying and leveling the solution.
- Stitching - a device for checking and aligning masonry joints.
- Hammer The fitting and splitting of bricks into halves cannot be performed qualitatively without this tool.
In this video, we will consider a brick masonry fixture:
The second group is no less important. Without it, it is unlikely to get a quality wall. Only very experienced masons can afford to work without measuring instruments, and even then only on frivolous objects. This group includes:
- Plumb line. This is a very simple device, but without it it is unthinkable to erect a perfectly vertical wall.
- Level is one of the most difficult construction devices. Serves for checking horizontal planes and lines.
- A mooring is usually a simple cord that is stretched to level the next row of bricks.
- Ordering - a template for bricklaying of various designs. It is used to control the quality of masonry. Different rulers, squares and their modifications can act as this tool.
The third group includes more complex devices for laying bricks.
They are usually made in order to facilitate the work of a bricklayer and make his work better and more efficient.
Here are some of these tools:
- Ditch. This device helps to evenly distribute the solution on the next row of bricks.
- Dispensing order. A tool for laying a certain number of bricks. Usually it has vertical and horizontal scales and clamps for firm fixing.
- Integrated dispenser. This is a modified integrated fixture that combines most of the necessary tools for work.
Without good tools, the end result will be better or completely unsuitable for use. Assuming irresponsibility in this matter, a situation may arise that is dangerous to the health and life of those who will use the building.
Practical application
Even the most experienced masons use many tools for quality control in their work. Despite the fact that over the years they have gained tremendous experience, they do not trust their eyes, but regularly check the masonry using precision instruments. It is especially important to use such masonry tools. facing brick, because this type of work requires special accuracy and accuracy.
Facing is performed to give the building a beautiful appearance. Using a special brick or tile, not only the exterior of the house is decorated, but in many buildings and its internal elements. This is a very complex process. Here are just some of the difficulties encountered in such work:
- Cladding material is of unusual configuration. Because of this, difficulties arise with its installation.
- Often the customer requires an original type of cladding, which makes the bricklayer be very attentive and neat. Unusual shapes require a very accurate tool.
- The use of solutions with additional components. For example, very often in such cases, the connective mixture is tinted, and this, in turn, requires additional attention from the master to the quality of the masonry.
Naturally, when performing such precise work, the measuring tools should be flawless. The more often and more responsible they are used in construction, the greater the guarantee of performance of work with high final quality.
DIY making
Various kits are offered by many hardware stores. However, sometimes it is difficult to find something that would completely satisfy the needs of the master. Therefore, many take on the independent production of the right tool.
To make a level, it’s enough to find a good metal cylinder, best with a sharp conical nose, and tie it to a thin strong cord. To check the evenness of the wall, a long straight rail or board is perfect. For convenience, a handle is made in the middle part.
The situation is more complicated with how to apply an even layer of the solution to the next row. To do this, make a template for masonry.
Here step by step scheme its manufacture:
- Prepare materials for work and tools.
- From the rails make a frame. In width, it should be such that it fits tightly on the brickwork of the wall being erected. To do this, the longitudinal strips should protrude by 5-10 cm compared to the transverse ones.
- Cross strips make a height equal to the height of the applied layer of the solution. For a brick wall of one and a half bricks, this is 10 cm.
- For convenience, handles are nailed on the sides.
- To protect against corrosion, the product is coated with parquet lacquer and regularly cleaned after use.
The use of simple devices greatly facilitates the work of a bricklayer and helps to make the result of his work more high-quality and reliable. Having spent a little time and effort on the acquisition of such equipment, the novice master will be able to master the basics of the art of bricklaying much faster.
The process of erecting a brick wall is a responsible task, the quality of which will depend on the strength and safety of any structure. The whole difficulty lies in the need to comply with many parameters, starting from the correct identification of axial planes, interelement sizes and ending with the mixing of gluing solutions. All this affects both the external data of the masonry itself, and its technical features, manifested in the process of use. That is why a special device for bricklaying is required - purchased or made with your own hands, the essence of this does not change.
What tool do you need?
Construction work related to stone laying requires special experience, care and investment of a large amount of time, which, in addition to the main work, will be required to solve measurement problems.
For quick bricklaying, it is necessary to use a specialized tool. You can buy the kit in the online store, however, these kits today have a relatively high cost, in addition, standard equipment will not allow you to take into account all the technical characteristics of the material itself and design features facilities.
The entire set of used equipment can be divided into three main categories:
- main elements
- control and measuring devices
- mechanical devices.
The main devices for bricklaying
The design consists of a blade and a holder. Using a trowel, cement or other bonding material is applied to the upper surface and uniformly distributed over them. Trowels can also be used if it is necessary to cut and eliminate the excess binder mixture already on the erected wall. They, if necessary, chop off the solution.
Trowels are conventionally divided into two types: K-B - the triangular shape of the scapula, K-P - the working element has rounded corners and a pointed upper zone of the base.
Stitching
Intended for checking the layer of the applied solution and giving it a certain shape. It consists of a handle and an elongated working part with a certain formwork, in the form of which the subsequent formation of seams will be performed. The profile of the gutter may be concave or convex type.
It is used in the process of performing several basic tasks of scraping a stone to create the necessary shape, correct improper installation without dismantling the blocks and using lung technology tapping. The chick is made in two types - with a rounded work item and a wide, square.
VIDEO: Checking the “Mason's Set”
Instrumentation
These devices are required so that the installation process of stones was carried out with the most accurate dimensional compliance.
A small load, weighing 200-400 g., Made in the shape of a cone with a pointed end, fixed to the base with a synthetic inelastic thread, 300 cm long. If you want to control the vertical plane of the structure with a height of several floors, the weight should be not less than 600 grams.
Required to track the level of deviation of vertical and horizontal planes. It consists of an elongated rectangular case with a built-in ampoule, partially filled with a special liquid. It is the air bubble that determines the level of the slope - for an ideal straight line, it should be strictly in the center.
Acts as a control cord for the ruler, stretched along rows of bricks laid.
Template for bricklaying, order
A variety of rails, rulers, squares, designed to control the size and correctness of shapes.
Mechanized devices for bricklaying
These required improvised tools can reduce the cost of labor and effort, requiring manual work to measure and control the construction process.
Allows you to accurately measure the required volumes of cement mortar for a specific area of \u200b\u200bthe seam and at the same time give the cement the appropriate shape. The tool has an elementary structure of walls and side stops, without a bottom.
A flat vessel with a marking mechanism, a regulatory length and modern support elements in the form of screw clamps.
Integrated Dispenser
The package includes a level and other instrumentation.
How to work with facing material?
The main purpose of facing brick masonry is to decorate the facade, with its help you can form a general appearance in one stylistic direction.
Decorative stone has specific shapes and textures that complicate the process of installing and removing a straight line. Consider the main difficulties that can be encountered in the process.
- Rough devices are considered unsuitable for decorating walls with a facing stone.
- It is important to comply with individual requirements corresponding to such a facing material - temperature, humidity, time of work.
- It is necessary to use a connecting solution with additional, enhancing the viscosity, impurities and coating components.
- Sophisticated technology using thin or too thick type of facing stone.
- The emergence of difficulties in creating curly styling elements.
In this case, it is very important to use mechanical devices that affect the accuracy and aesthetics of the appearance of the finished work.
Set for the bricklayer
The construction market offers a wide range of accessories, mason kits, which have parts from all the main categories of tools.
The most sought-after Brick kits and similar imported Bricky kits include:
- a cuvette that allows you to evenly apply the solution;
- control elements;
- trowel, ordering and mooring;
- template.
Homemade
Some of the tools can be made with your own hands, for which you need wood slats, plywood sheet or chipboard, steel profile.
Regardless of what the building material consists of, aluminum or steel, the following elements will serve as the structural elements of a device for laying brick with their own hands:
Frame
It is made of strong beams of the transverse type with dimensions corresponding to the width of the block. Can be made in the form of a stationary or sliding device.
Side
Act as a limiter of height and width when the need arises to install additional parts.
Thrust parts
They are mounted directly on the frame itself and are intended to fix the structure on the first rows of brickwork.
It is required for cleaning only erected chimneys, ventilation ducts and other conical structures from the influx of mortar. Externally, it is a plate measuring 140x140 or 150x150 mm, mounted on a long metal stick, with the help of which the influx is scraped off.
If the squeegee blade is made of rubber, you can thus fill the seams from the inside and level the surface.
It is necessary to perform an even layer, on the amount and straightness of which the entire surface depends. If there is a lot of mortar, the brick will lie crookedly, if not enough, it will sag and pull all the other elements along.
In order to accurately determine the measure, and a dispenser is used. This tray is the width of the assembled wall, in the center of which a hole for the solution is cut. Dispensers make, as a rule, immediately on 3-4 bricks to get faster. In fact, the tray rises above the wall by several minimeters, which determine the thickness of the solution.
Such homemade products do not require much time and money, while you can take into account almost all of the individual construction factors.
VIDEO: How to build a brick fence. The most beautiful fences
When building a building or other structures, a brick is often used. Work with him requires some skills and knowledge. If you do not have enough of them, then it is better to use various additional designs that simplify your work. We’ll talk about one such device for laying bricks with our own hands.
Common devices
The construction of houses using bricks has long been practiced. Therefore, specialists in this field have long been using different devices and systems that make the work the most simple and increase the quality of the result.
Most used tools:
- - Level. With its help, evenness of the masonry in the horizontal plane is achieved;
- - The rule. Used to control the outside of the rows;
- - Stitching. This device is necessary for decorative seams;
- - Kelma. A device for working with a mortar, with its help, the cement mixture is smoothed, and excess is removed;
- - Plumb. A simple device for controlling the verticality of walls and corners. Moreover, this can be done within several floors;
- - A mooring cord. It is used to control the directness and horizontal position of the masonry.
There are other tools with which you can control the correctness of geometric dimensions, perform decorative special decoration and much more. You can buy all these additional devices in any hardware store. And you can even make some yourself.
For example, a plumb line and a mooring cord are made from a regular strong cord and iron or wood pins.
The device for smooth bricklaying
To improve the quality of work performed, you can use a special device for laying bricks with your own hands. Its appearance is similar to a container without a bottom. This device helps to apply an even layer of mortar and simplifies the masonry itself.
It is quite difficult to apply the desired and even layer of cement-sand mixture. Not every professional craftsman properly copes with this task, let alone beginners in this business. But a lot depends on this layer.
If not used enough, then the bricks may not hold together well. And if you take in excess, then you will increase consumption already without the expensive material. And also the appearance of the house may suffer. Between the rows of bricks there will be a different amount of mortar, and it will look bad.
To avoid such inaccuracies, you need to use a special tool. It is used by all masters, even the highest level. Thus, you increase the quality and speed of work, while reducing costs.
What is a device and how to use it
As mentioned earlier, a device for laying brick with your own hands looks like a container without a bottom. It has restrictions on the sides and is rigidly held in place. The dimensions of the structure depend on the type of bricks and the masonry used.
Tool is established on a series of bricks and forms a niche in which they put a sand-cement mortar. As a result, the mixture layer is almost flawless.
After filling the niche, the device is removed and rearranged to the next row. This way you can quickly and accurately perform masonry.
Do it yourself
If you buy the device in the store, you will get a professional tool with the ability to adjust all sizes. But if suddenly you do not want to spend money, then do it yourself. First you need to decide on the geometric dimensions.
Everything here will depend on the materials used to build the walls. This device is allowed to be used when laying not only bricks, but also other building blocks (aerated concrete, slag concrete, etc.). Depending on this, the required layer of cement – \u200b\u200bsand mortar will be different.
If you figured out the volumes, then stock up on suitable materials and tools.
You will need:
- - A plastic box or (in its absence) a sheet of chipboard;
- - Measuring devices (ruler, level, pencil);
- - Electric or hand drill;
- - Steel corners, screws, screws and nuts;
- - A hammer, screwdriver or screwdriver.
So, you have found a plastic box, and from it we will make the device. The plastic is quite durable and does not weigh much, and this is very important for us. But you can to construct a system of sheets of chipboard, but then the weight will be a little more. Buy them at the store and pick up a drawer without the top and bottom of a suitable size.
Iron corners will serve as stops and stops. Drill holes in a suitable place and fix the corners with screws and nuts. To make the device comfortable to carry, you can attach the handle.
Summarize
As you can see, making a device for laying brick with your own hands is very simple and not expensive. Although it will serve you for a very long time.
Brickwork is work that should be done with at least some experience. If you perform it haphazardly, then the strength of the walls will not be enough, and this is too much, as you yourself understand. In addition, the quality of the masonry will determine how the house will look outside.
It is imperative to use various devices and tools for monitoring the work performed. It is not reasonable to think that if you can do without them, then you are a professional. Mechanical devices are designed to make our lives easier.