Cn insulating and finishing coatings updated. Snips and guests for repairs and finishing works
BUILDING REGULATIONS
INSULATING AND FINISHING COATINGS
SNiP 3.04.01-87
STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE of the USSR
Moscow 1988
DEVELOPED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (Candidate of Technical Sciences N.N. Zavrazhin - head of the topic, V.A. K. Baulin), NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences Prof. E. D. Belousov, Candidate of Technical Sciences G. S. Agadzhanov), SKTB Glavtonnelmetrostroy of the USSR Ministry of Transport (Candidates of Technical Sciences V. V. Krylova, V Golubov), Department of Soyuzmetrospetsstroy of the USSR Ministry of Transport (A.P. Levina, P.F.
INTRODUCED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee (DI Prokofiev).
With the introduction of SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulation and finishing coatings" SNiP III-20-74 *, SNiP III-21-73 *, SNiP III-V.14-72 are no longer valid; GOST 22753-77, GOST 22844-77, GOST 23305-78.
When using the normative document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the journal "Bulletin of Construction Technology", "Collection of changes to building codes and regulations" of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index "USSR State Standards" of the USSR State Standard.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. These building codes and regulations apply to the production and acceptance of works on the installation of insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floors of buildings and structures, with the exception of works due to the special conditions of operation of buildings and structures.
1.2. Insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floor structures must be performed in accordance with the project (finishing coatings in the absence of project requirements - according to the standard). Replacement of materials, products and compositions provided for by the project is allowed only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.
1.3. Work on the production of thermal insulation work can begin only after the execution of an act (permit) signed by the customer, representatives of the installation organization and the organization performing thermal insulation work.
1.4. The device of each element of insulation (roof), floor, protective and finishing coatings should be carried out after checking the correctness of the implementation of the corresponding underlying element with the drawing up of an inspection report for hidden works.
1.5. With appropriate justification, in agreement with the customer and the design organization, it is allowed to designate methods of production of work and organizational and technological solutions, as well as establish methods, volumes and types of registration of quality control of work that differ from those provided for by these rules.
BUILDING REGULATIONS
INSULATING AND FINISHING COATINGS
SNiP 3.04.01-87
STATE CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE of the USSR
Moscow 1988
DEVELOPED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy of the USSR (candidates of technical sciences N. N. Zavrazhin- topic leader, V. A. Anzigitov) with the participation of the Central Research Institute of Industrial Buildings of the USSR State Construction Committee (Candidate of Technical Sciences I. P. Kim), TsNIIEPZhilishcha Goskomarkhitektury (Candidate of Technical Sciences D. K. Baulin), NIIMosstroy of the Moscow City Executive Committee (Doctor of Technical Sciences prof. E. D. Belousov, Cand. tech. sciences G. S. Agadzhanov), SKTB Glavtonnelmetrostroy of the Ministry of Transport Construction of the USSR (Candidates of Technical Sciences V. V. Krylova, V. G. Golubova), Directorate of Soyuzmetrospetsstroy of the Ministry of Transport of the USSR ( A.P. Levina, P.F.Litvina), NIIZhB Gosstroy of the USSR (Doctor of Technical Sciences prof. F. M. Ivanova).
INTRODUCED TSNIIOMTP Gosstroy USSR.
PREPARED FOR APPROVAL by the Department of Standardization and Technical Norms in Construction of the USSR State Construction Committee ( D. I. Prokofiev).
With the entry into force of SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulation and finishing coatings" SNiP III-20-74 *, SNiP III-21-73 *, SNiP III-V.14-72 are no longer valid; GOST 22753-77, GOST 22844-77, GOST 23305-78.
When using the normative document, one should take into account the approved changes in building codes and regulations and state standards published in the journal "Bulletin of Construction Technology", "Collection of changes to building codes and regulations" of the USSR State Construction Committee and the information index "USSR State Standards" of the USSR State Standard.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. These building codes and regulations apply to the production and acceptance of works on the installation of insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floors of buildings and structures, with the exception of works due to the special conditions of operation of buildings and structures.
1.2. Insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floor structures must be performed in accordance with the project (finishing coatings in the absence of project requirements - according to the standard). Replacement of materials, products and compositions provided for by the project is allowed only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.
1.3. Work on the production of thermal insulation work can begin only after the execution of an act (permit) signed by the customer, representatives of the installation organization and the organization performing thermal insulation work.
1.4. The device of each element of insulation (roof), floor, protective and finishing coatings should be carried out after checking the correctness of the implementation of the corresponding underlying element with the drawing up of an inspection report for hidden works.
1.5. With appropriate justification, in agreement with the customer and the design organization, it is allowed to designate methods of production of work and organizational and technological solutions, as well as establish methods, volumes and types of registration of quality control of work that differ from those provided for by these rules.
2. INSULATING COATINGS AND ROOFS
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Insulation and roofing work is allowed to be performed from 60 to minus 30 ° C of the environment (work using hot mastics - at an ambient temperature of at least minus 20 ° C, using water-based compounds without antifreeze additives at least 5 ° C).
2.2. In the foundations for the roof and insulation, in accordance with the project, the following work must be performed:
to seal the seams between the precast plates;
arrange temperature-shrinkage seams;
mount embedded elements;
to plaster sections of vertical surfaces of stone structures to the height of the abutment of the roll or emulsion-mastic carpet of the roof and insulation.
2.3. Insulating compounds and materials should be applied in continuous and uniform layers or in one layer without gaps and sagging. Each layer must be arranged on the hardened surface of the previous one with leveling of the applied compositions, with the exception of painting. When preparing and preparing insulating compounds, the requirements of table must be observed. one.
Table 1
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | |
Bitumen and tar (pitch) must be used cleaned from impurities and dehydrated. Heating should not exceed, ° С: | Measuring, periodic, but not less than 4 times per shift, work log |
|
bitumen - 180 | ||
tar (pitch) - 140 | ||
Fillers (aggregates) must be sieved through a sieve with mesh sizes, mm: | ||
for sand - 1.5 |
||
for dusty - 2 |
||
for fibrous - 4 |
||
Permissible moisture content of fillers (aggregates): | ||
for sand | ||
for formulations with sealing additives | ||
for other formulations | ||
Temperature of emulsions and their components, ° С: | The same, at least 5-6 times per shift, work log |
|
bitumen - 110 | ||
emulsifier solution - 90 | ||
latex (when introduced into an emulsion) - 70 | Minus 10 ° С |
|
Uniform distribution of bitumen in bitumen-perlite and bitumen-claydite - 90% | ||
Compaction coefficient of bitumen-perlite and bitumen-claydite under a pressure of 0.67-0.7 MPa - not less than 1.6 | ||
Temperature when applying mastics, ° С: | ||
hot bitumen - 160 | ||
hot tar - 130 | ||
cold (in winter) - 65 | ||
Insulation device dispersed-reinforced with fiberglass (fiberglass fibers): | Measuring, periodic at least 16 measurements per shift (every 0.5 hours of operation), work log |
|
fiber dimensions - 20 mm | ||
weight ratio of alumina cement to Portland cement - 90: 10 | ||
Heavy concrete for the construction of roofs without an insulating coating (roofing) must contain: | Measuring, periodic, at least 4 times per shift, work log |
|
plasticizing and air-entraining additives, aggregates from fractionated sand and coarsely graded crushed stone; |
||
Portland cement - hydrophobic, containing no more than 6% calcium aluminate; |
||
crushed stone of igneous rocks or gravel with a temporary resistance of at least 100 MPa in a water-saturated state; granulometric composition of crushed stone, mm: |
||
sand of the protective layer of the fineness module - 2.1 - 3.15 | ||
Gravel and other frost-resistant mineral materials must be sorted and washed |
PREPARATION OF BASES AND BOTTOM INSULATION ELEMENTS
2.4. Substrates must be dedusted before applying priming and insulating compounds, including adhesives and mastics.
2.5. Leveling screeds (made of cement-sand, gypsum, gypsum-sand mortars and asphalt-concrete mixtures) should be arranged with grippers 2-3 m wide along guides with leveling and compaction of the surface.
2.6. The priming of the surface before applying the adhesives and insulating compounds must be continuous without gaps and breaks. The priming of screeds made of cement-sand mortars should be carried out no later than 4 hours after their laying, using primers on slowly evaporating solvents (except for screeds with a surface slope of more than 5%, when priming should be carried out after they have hardened). When preparing the surface of the base, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of table. 2.
The primer must have a strong adhesion to the substrate, and there must be no traces of the binder on the tampon attached to it.
table 2
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Permissible deviations of the base surface for roll and rollless emulsion and mastic insulation and roofing: | Measurement, technical inspection, at least 5 measurements for every 70-100 m2 of surface or on a smaller area in places determined by visual inspection |
|
along a slope and on a horizontal surface | ||
across a slope and on a vertical surface | ||
from piece materials: | ||
up and down the slope | ||
Deviations of the element plane from the specified slope (over the entire area) | ||
Structural element thickness (from design) | ||
The number of irregularities (smooth outlines with a length of not more than 150 mm) on a surface area of 4 m 2 | No more than 2 | |
Primer thickness, mm: | ||
for roofs made of weldable materials - 0.7 | ||
when priming the hardened screed - 0.3 | ||
when priming screeds within 4 hours after applying the solution - 0.6 |
2.7. The moisture content of the base before applying the primer should not exceed the values indicated in table. 3. On damp substrates, it is allowed to apply only water-based primers or insulating compounds, if the moisture appearing on the surface of the substrate does not violate the integrity of the coating film.
2.8. The metal surfaces of pipelines, equipment and fasteners to be insulated must be cleaned of rust, and those subject to corrosion protection must be treated in accordance with the project.
2.9. Insulation of installed equipment and pipelines should be carried out after their permanent fixation in the design position. Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines in places that are inaccessible for insulation must be carried out completely before installation, including the installation of cover sheaths.
Insulation of pipelines located in non-passable channels and trays must be performed before they are installed in the channels.
2.10. Equipment and pipelines filled with substances must be emptied of them before the start of the insulation work.
2.11. When working in negative temperatures, rolled insulating materials must be warmed up to a temperature of at least 15 ° C for 20 hours, rewound and delivered to the place of installation in an insulated container.
2.12. When installing roof insulation from large-sized complex panels with a factory-applied roof carpet, the joints of the roof panels should be sealed and pasted after checking the insulation of the mounted panels.
INSULATION DEVICE AND ROLLED ROOF
2.13. Roofing and waterproofing carpets made of roll materials with a mastic layer previously fused at the factory must be glued to a pre-primed base by melting or liquefying (plasticizing) the mastic layer of the material without the use of adhesive mastics. The adhesion strength must be at least 0.5 MPa.
The liquefaction of the mastic layer should be carried out at an air temperature of at least 5 ° C with the simultaneous laying of the rolled carpet or before it is laid (depending on the ambient temperature).
The melting of the mastic layer should be carried out simultaneously with the layout of the panels (the temperature of the melted mastic is 140-160 ° C). Each laid layer of the roof must be rolled with a roller before the device of the next one.
2.14. Roll materials must be marked at the place of installation before gluing; the layout of panels of rolled materials should ensure compliance with the values of their overlap when gluing.
The mastic should be applied in a uniform continuous, without gaps or stripe layer in accordance with the project. When the panels are point-glued to the base, the mastic should be applied after the panels are rolled out at the locations of the holes.
2.15. When installing roll insulation or roofing using adhesives, hot mastics should be applied to the primed base immediately before gluing the panels. Cold mastics (adhesives) should be applied to the substrate or panel in advance. Between the application of the adhesive and the gluing of the panels, technological breaks must be observed to ensure strong adhesion of the adhesive to the base.
Each layer should be applied after the mastics have hardened and a firm adhesion to the base of the previous layer has been achieved.
2.16. When installing roofs, sheets of roll materials should be glued:
in the direction from low to high areas with the location of the panels along the length perpendicular to the water drain with roof slopes up to 15%;
in the direction of the flow - with roof slopes of more than 15%.
Cross-sticking of insulation and roof panels is not allowed. The type of sticker of the rolled carpet (solid, strip or dotted) must correspond to the project.
2.17. When gluing, insulation and roof panels should be laid with an overlap of 100 mm (70 mm across the width of panels of the lower layers of the roof of roofs with a slope of more than 1.5%).
2.18. When installing insulation or roofing, glass cloth must be spread, laying without the formation of waves, immediately after applying hot mastic and covered with mastic with a thickness of at least 2 mm.
Subsequent layers should be laid in the same way after the mastic of the lower layer has cooled.
2.19. Temperature-shrinkage joints in screeds and joints between floor slabs must be covered with strips of rolled material up to 150 mm wide and glued on one side of the seam (joint).
2.20. In places where it adjoins protruding roof surfaces (parapets, pipelines, etc.), the roofing carpet should be raised to the top of the screed edge, glued on mastic with top horizontal seams putty. Bonding of additional layers of roofing should be performed after the installation of the top layer of the roof immediately after the application of the adhesive mastic in a continuous layer.
2.21. When gluing roofing carpet panels along the roof slope, the upper part of the lower layer panel should overlap the opposite slope by at least 1000 mm. The mastic should be applied directly under the roll to be rolled in three strips 80-100 mm wide. Subsequent layers must be glued on a continuous layer of mastic.
When gluing the panels across the roof slope, the upper part of the panel of each layer laid on the ridge should overlap the opposite roof slope by 250 mm and stick on a continuous layer of mastic.
2.22. When installing a protective gravel coating on the roofing carpet, it is necessary to apply hot mastic in a continuous layer 2 - 3 mm thick and 2 m wide, sprinkling immediately over it a continuous layer of gravel, free of dust, 5-10 mm thick. The number of layers and the total thickness of the protective coating must correspond to the design.
2.23. When installing roll insulation and roofing, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of table. 3.
Table 3
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The permissible moisture content of the bases when applying all compositions, except for water-based compositions, should not exceed: | Measurement, technical inspection, at least 5 measurements evenly for every 50-70 m 2 of the base, registration |
|
concrete | ||
cement-sand, gypsum and gypsum-sand | ||
any substrates when applying water-based formulations | Before the appearance of surface-drip moisture |
|
Temperature when applying hot mastics, ° С: | Measuring, periodic, at least 4 times per shift, work log |
|
bituminous - 160 | ||
tar - 130 | ||
The thickness of the mastic layer when gluing the roll carpet, mm: | ||
hot bitumen - 2.0 | ||
intermediate layers - 1.5 | ||
cold bituminous - 0.8 | ||
Thickness of one layer of insulation, mm: | Measurement, technical inspection, at least 5 measurements for every 70-100 m 2 in places determined by visual inspection, work log |
|
cold asphalt mastics - 7 |
||
cement mortars - 10 |
||
emulsions - 3 |
||
polymer compositions (such as "Rooflit" and "Venta") - 1 |
INSULATION DEVICE AND ROOF OF POLYMER AND EMULSION-BITUMEN COMPOUNDS
2.24. When installing insulation and roofing from emulsion-mastic compositions, each layer of the insulating carpet must be applied continuous, without breaks, of uniform thickness after the primer or the base layer has hardened.
2.25. When installing insulation and roofing made of polymer compositions such as "Roofleit" and "Venta", they must be applied with high-pressure units that ensure the density, uniform thickness of the coating and the adhesion strength of the coating to the base of at least 0.5 MPa. When using cold asphalt emulsion mastics, the supply and application of the compositions should be carried out by units with screw pumps (mechanical action), which ensure the adhesion of the coating to the base not less than 0.4 MPa.
2.26. When installing insulation and roofing from emulsion-mastic compositions reinforced with fiberglass fibers, their application should be carried out with units that ensure the production of fibers of the same length, uniform distribution in the composition and density of the insulating coating.
2.27. When installing insulation and roofing made of polymer and emulsion-mastic compositions, the requirements of table must be observed. 3. Roof joints should be arranged similarly to rolled roofs.
INSULATION DEVICE FROM CEMENT MORTARS, HOT ASPHALT MIXTURES, BITUMEN PERLIT AND BITUMOCERAMZITE
2.28. Bituminous perlite, bitumen claydite, cement mortars, hot asphalt mixtures with a surface slope of up to 25% must be laid on lighthouse battens in strips 2-6 m wide in layers of uniform thickness (no more than 75 mm) with compaction and smoothing of the layer surface.
Each layer must be applied after the previous one has hardened.
2.29. When installing cement waterproofing from mortars using waterproof expanding cements (WRC), waterproof nonshrinking cements (VBC) or Portland cement with sealing additives, the compositions should be applied to the surface of the base moistened with water.
Each subsequent layer should be applied no later than 30 minutes (when using VRC and VBC compounds) or no more than a day (when using compounds on Portland cement with sealing additives) after the previous layer has hardened.
Cement waterproofing within two days after application (1 hour when using VBC and VRC) must be protected from mechanical stress.
2.30 Moistening of cement waterproofing during hardening should be carried out with a spray jet of water without pressure when using the following compounds:
VRC and VBC - 1 hour after application and every 3 hours during the day;
on Portland cement with sealing additives - 8-12 hours after application, and then 2-3 times a day for 14 days.
2.31. When installing insulation from bitumen perlite, bitumen claydite, waterproofing from cement mortars and hot asphalt mixtures, mastics and bitumen, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 4.
Table 4
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Permissible surface deviations (when checking with a two-meter rail): | Measuring, at least 5 measurements for every 50-100 m2 of surface or on a smaller area in places determined by visual inspection |
|
horizontally | ||
vertically | 5 ... + 10 mm |
|
element plane from a given slope - 0.2% | No more than 150 mm |
|
thickness of the coating element - -5 ... + 10% | Not more than 3.0 mm |
|
Mobility of compositions (mixtures) without plasticizers, cm: | Measuring, at least 3 measurements for every 70-100 m 2 of the coating surface |
|
when applied by hand - 10 | ||
when applied with units with piston or screw pumps - 5 | ||
when using plasticizers - 10 | ||
Temperature of hot asphalt mixtures, bitumen-perlite and bitumen-claydite during application - not less than 120 ° С | Measuring, periodic, at least 8 times per shift, work log |
PRODUCTION OF THERMAL INSULATION WORKS USING SOFT, RIGID AND SEMI-RIGID FIBER PRODUCTS AND DEVICE OF HEAT INSULATION COVERINGS FROM RIGID MATERIALS
2.32. When constructing cover casings made of flat or corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, their installation and fastening must correspond to the project.
When carrying out work on the construction of thermal insulation cover shells made of rigid and flexible (non-metallic) materials, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the shells to the thermal insulation with reliable fastening using fasteners and careful sealing of flexible shell joints with their gluing in accordance with the project.
On pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm, fiberglass should be laid spirally, on pipelines with a diameter of more than 200 mm - in separate sheets in accordance with the requirements of the project.
2.33. Installation of heat-insulating structures and cover shells should be started from unloading devices, flange joints, curved sections (bends) and fittings (tees, crosses) and carried out in the direction opposite to the slope, and on vertical surfaces - from the bottom up.
2.34. When installing thermal insulation from rigid products laid dry, a gap of no more than 2 mm between the products and the insulated surface must be ensured.
When gluing hard products, the temperature of the mastics must meet the requirements of table. 3. The fixing of the products to the base must correspond to the project.
2.35. When installing thermal insulation of pipelines using soft and semi-rigid fibrous products, it is necessary to ensure:
compaction of heat-insulating materials according to the design with a compaction coefficient for soft fibrous products no more than 1.5, for semi-rigid - 1.2;
tight fit of products to the insulated surface and to each other; with insulation in several layers - overlapping of longitudinal and transverse seams;
dense spiral laying of insulation with cords and bundles with a minimum deviation relative to the plane perpendicular to the pipeline axis, and winding in multilayer structures of each subsequent layer in the direction opposite to the turns of the previous layer;
installation on horizontal pipelines and fastening devices to prevent sagging of thermal insulation.
DEVICE FOR THERMAL INSULATION FROM PLATES AND BULK MATERIALS
2.36. Insulation materials when installing thermal insulation from slabs should be placed on the base tightly to each other and have the same thickness in each layer.
When installing thermal insulation in several layers, the seams of the slabs must be staggered.
2.37. Heat-insulating bulk materials must be sorted into fractions before laying. Thermal insulation must be arranged along the lighthouse slats in strips 3-4 m wide with the laying of bulk insulation of smaller fractions in the lower layer.
Layers should be laid with a maximum thickness of 60 mm and compacted after laying.
2.38. When installing thermal insulation from plate and bulk materials, the requirements of table must be observed. 5 and 6.
Table 5
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The permissible moisture content of the bases should not exceed: | Measuring, at least 5 measurements for every 50-70 m2 of coverage, work log |
|
from prefabricated | ||
from monolithic | ||
Heat insulation made of piece materials | ||
the thickness of the layer of the interlayer should not exceed, mm: |
||
from glues and cold mastics - 0.8 |
||
from hot mastics - 1.5 |
||
width of seams between plates, blocks, products, mm: |
||
when gluing - no more than 5 (for rigid products - 3) |
||
when laying dry - no more than 2 |
||
Monolithic and slab thermal insulation: | ||
insulation coating thickness (from design) | 5 ... + 10% but not more than 20 mm |
|
Insulation plane deviations: | Measuring, for every 50-100 m 2 of the coating surface |
|
from a given slope | ||
horizontally | ||
vertically | ||
The size of the ledges between tiles and roof sheets should not exceed 5 mm | ||
The size of the overlap of plates and sheets must correspond to the design - 5% |
Table 6
DEVICE ROOF FROM PIECE MATERIALS
2.39. When installing wooden bases (lathing) under roofs made of piece materials, the following requirements must be observed:
the joints of the crate should be staggered;
the distances between the elements of the crate must correspond to the design;
in places where eaves, gutters and valleys are covered, as well as under roofs from small-piece elements, the base must be made of boards (solid).
2.40. Piece roofing materials should be laid on the lathing in rows from the eaves to the ridge according to the preliminary marking. Each overlying row should run over the underlying one.
2.41. Wavy asbestos-cement sheets of ordinary profile and medium-wavy must be laid with an offset of one wave in relation to the sheets of the previous row or without offset. Sheets of reinforced and unified profiles must be laid in relation to the sheets of the previous row without displacement.
When laying sheets without shifting to a wave at the junction of four sheets, it is necessary to trim the corners of two middle sheets with a gap between the abutting corners of sheets VO 3-4 mm and sheets SV, UV and VU - 8-10 mm.
2.42. Asbestos-cement sheets VO and SV should be fastened to the crate with slate nails with a galvanized head, sheets UV and VU - with screws with special grips, flat sheets - with two nails and a wind button, outer sheets and ridge parts - in addition with two anti-wind brackets.
2.43. When installing roofs made of piece materials, the requirements of table. 4.
INSULATION AND ROOF DETAILS FROM METAL SHEETS
2.44. Metal waterproofing should be arranged with sheet welding in accordance with the project. After welding, the filling of the cavities behind the insulation should be injected with the compound under a pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa.
2.45. When installing metal roofs, parts and abutments made of metal sheets of any kind of roofs, the joining of pictures located along the water drain must be carried out with recumbent folds, except for ribs, slopes and ridge, where the pictures should be connected with standing folds. With roof slopes less than 30 °, the recumbent seam should be double and coated with red lead putty. The amount of bending of pictures for the device of recumbent folds should be taken 15 mm; standing folds - 20 mm for one and 35 mm for another, adjacent picture. Fastening pictures to the base must be carried out with clamps passed between the folds of the sheets, and T-shaped crutches.
REQUIREMENTS FOR FINISHED INSULATING (ROOFING) COATINGS AND STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS
2.46. Requirements for finished insulating (roofing) coatings and structures are given in table. 7.
Table 7
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Full drainage of water over the entire surface of the roofs should be carried out through external and internal drains without stagnant water | ||
The strength of adhesion to the base and to each other of the roofing and waterproofing carpet made of roll materials over a continuous mastic adhesive layer of emulsion compositions with the base is not less than 0.5 MPa | Measuring, 5 measurements per 120-150 m 2 of the coating surface (when tapping, the nature of the sound should not change); when the glued materials break, delamination of the mastic should not be observed (the break should occur inside the roll panel), acceptance certificate |
|
The heat resistance and compositions of mastics for gluing roll and board materials, as well as the strength and composition of solutions of the adhesive interlayer must correspond to the design. Deviation from the project - 5% | Technical inspection, acceptance certificate |
|
The arrangement of panels and metal paintings (depending on the slope of the coating), their connection and protection in an ordinary coating, in places of abutments and mates in different planes must correspond to the project | ||
Bubbles, bulges, air bags, tears, dents, punctures, spongy structure, sagging and sagging on the surface of roofing and insulation are not allowed | ||
Increase in moisture content of substrates, intermediate elements, coating and the entire structure compared to the standard | No more than 0.5% | Measuring, 5 measurements on an area of 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or in separate areas of a smaller area in places identified by visual inspection, acceptance certificate |
When accepting finished insulation and roofing, it is necessary to check: | Deviation from the project is not allowed | Technical inspection, acceptance certificate |
correspondence of the number of reinforcing (additional) layers in the mates (abutments) to the project; |
||
for waterproofing: |
||
the quality of filling joints and holes in prefabricated structures with sealing materials; |
||
the quality of the minting; |
||
correct waterproofing of bolt holes, as well as holes for injecting solutions for finishing structures; |
||
absence of leaks and discontinuities in the lines of seams in metal waterproofing; |
||
for roofs made of roll materials, emulsion, mastic compositions: |
||
the bowls of the water intake funnel of internal drains should not protrude above the surface of the base; |
||
the corners of the abutment structures (screeds and concrete) must be smoothed and even, without sharp corners; |
||
for roofs made of piece materials and roofing parts made of metal sheets: |
||
the absence of visible gaps in the coating when inspecting the roof from the attic; |
||
absence of spalling and cracks (in asbestos-cement and sealed flat and corrugated sheets); |
||
strong connection of the links of the drainpipes to each other; |
||
the presence of a smear of double recumbent folds in the joints of metal paintings on a coating with a slope of less than 30 °; |
||
for thermal insulation: |
||
the continuity of the layers, the quality of the lining of the passages of the fasteners of pipelines, equipment, structural parts, etc. through thermal insulation; |
||
absence of mechanical damage, sagging of layers and leaks of adhesion to the base |
3. FINISHING WORKS AND PROTECTION OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AND TECHNOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT FROM CORROSION (ANTI-CORROSION WORKS)
GENERAL PROVISIONS
3.1. Finishing work, with the exception of facades, must be carried out at a positive temperature of the environment and the surfaces to be trimmed not lower than 10 ° C and an air humidity of not more than 60%. This temperature in the room must be maintained around the clock, at least 2 days before the start and 12 days after the end of work, and for upholstery work - before the facility is put into operation.
3.2. Work on the application of protective coatings should be performed at an ambient air temperature and protected surfaces not lower than, ° С:
10 - for paint and varnish protective coatings from compositions prepared on the basis of natural resins; mastic and putty coatings from silicate compounds; pasting protective coatings using bitumen roll materials, polyisobutylene plates, Butylcor-S plates, duplicated polyethylene; rubber coatings; facing and lining coatings with the use of acid-resistant silicate putties and mastics such as "Bituminol"; for acid-resistant concrete and silicate polymer concrete;
15 - for paint and varnish reinforced and unreinforced continuous coatings from compositions prepared on the basis of synthetic resins; mastic coatings and sealants from compositions based on synthetic rubbers and nairite; coatings from sheet polymeric materials; facing and lining coatings using putties such as "Arzamit", "Furankor", as well as polyester, epoxy resins and resins with epoxy additives; for coatings made of polymer concrete and polymer-cement coatings;
25 - for coatings from the "Polan" composition.
3.3. Finishing work should be carried out in accordance with the project for the production of work (PPR) for the construction of buildings and structures. Before the start of finishing work, the following work must be performed:
the finished premises are protected from atmospheric precipitation;
waterproofing, heat and sound insulation and leveling floor screeds are arranged;
sealed seams between blocks and panels;
the joints of window, door and balcony blocks were sealed and insulated;
glazed skylights;
embedded products were installed, tests of heat and water supply and heating systems were carried out.
Plastering and cladding (according to the project) of surfaces in the places of installation of embedded products of sanitary-technical systems must be performed before starting their installation.
3.4. Before finishing the facades, the following work must additionally be performed:
external waterproofing and roofing with details and abutments; installation of all floor structures on balconies;
installation and fixing of all metal pictures of the edging of architectural details on the facade of the building;
installation of all downspout fixing devices (according to the project).
3.5. Anti-corrosion work should be performed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85 "Protection of building structures and structures from corrosion".
3.6. When preparing and preparing finishing and anti-corrosion compounds, the requirements of table must be observed. eight.
Table 8
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Plaster solutions must pass without residue through a mesh with mesh sizes, mm: | Measuring, periodic, 3-4 times per shift, work log |
|
for spraying and soil - 3 |
||
for topcoat and single-layer coatings - 1.5 |
||
Solution mobility - 5 | The same for each party |
|
Delamination - no more than 15% | The same, in laboratory conditions 3-4 times per shift |
|
Water-holding capacity - not less than 90% | ||
Bond strength, MPa, not less: | The same, at least 3 measurements per 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface |
|
for interior work - 0.1 | ||
for outdoor use - 0.4 | ||
Aggregate size for decorative finishing of interiors and facades of buildings, mm: | The same, at least 5 measurements per batch per shift |
|
on an adhesive layer of granite, marble, slate, ceramic, glass and plastic chips, as well as coarse sand - 2 | ||
cement-lime, lime-sand and cement compositions with sand: |
||
quartz - 0.5 | ||
marble - 0.25 | ||
Terrazite mixtures | ||
with fine filler: | ||
with middle placeholder: | ||
mica - 2.5 | ||
with a large placeholder: | ||
Glass must arrive at the object without cracks, cut to size, complete with seals, sealants and fasteners | According to the project in accordance with the standards and specifications | Technical inspection |
Putties: | Measuring, periodic, at least 5 measurements on 50 - 70 m 2 of the coating surface, work log |
|
drying time - no more than 24 hours | ||
adhesion strength, MPa: | ||
after 24 hours not less than 0.1 | ||
after 72 hours not less than 0.2 | ||
viability - at least 20 minutes | Technical inspection, at least three test spatulas per batch, work log |
|
After drying, the putty coating should be even, without bubbles, cracks and mechanical impurities. | ||
Painting and wallpaper materials | According to the project in accordance with the standards and specifications | The same, at least three times per batch, work log |
SURFACE PREPARATION
3.7. Finishing and protective coatings on surfaces with rust, efflorescence, grease and bitumen stains are not allowed. Wallpapering is also not allowed on surfaces that have not been cleaned of whitewash.
3.8. Dusting surfaces should be done before applying each layer of priming, gluing, plastering, paint and protective compounds, plasters and glass putties.
3.9. The strength of the bases must be no less than the strength of the finishing coating and correspond to the design.
3.10. Protruding architectural details, junctions with wooden stone, brick and concrete structures should be plastered on a metal mesh or braided wire attached to the base surface; wooden surfaces - on shingles.
3.11. The internal surfaces of stone and brick walls, erected by the freezing method, should be plastered after thawing the masonry from the inside by at least half the wall thickness.
3.12. When painting and wallpapering, the quality of the prepared substrates must meet the following requirements:
surfaces when painting with oil, glue, water-based compositions and wallpapering should be smoothed, without roughness;
surface cracks are opened, primed, filled with putty to a depth of at least 2 mm and sanded;
shells and irregularities are primed, putty and smoothed;
exfoliation, drips of solution, traces of treatment with trowels are removed;
the seams between the sheets of dry gypsum plaster and the areas adjacent to them are primed, putty, sanded flush with the surface or treated with rustication (in accordance with the project), and when wallpapering, they are additionally pasted over with strips of paper, gauze, etc .;
when pasting the surfaces with wallpaper, the painting of the ceilings has been completed and other painting work has been done.
Substrates prepared for painting, pasting with synthetic wallpaper on a paper and fabric basis, as well as with an adhesive composition applied at the factory must meet the requirements of Table. 9. The surfaces of all fasteners located under cardboard, paper or directly under wallpaper must be pre-coated with an anti-corrosion agent.
Table 9
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Plastered surfaces | Measuring, at least 5 measurements with a control two-meter rail on 50-70 m2 of surface or on a separate section of a smaller area in places identified by continuous visual inspection (for molded products - at least 5 by 35-40 m and three per element), work log |
|
deviations from the vertical (mm per 1 m), mm: | ||
with simple plaster - 3 | No more than 15 mm for the height of the room |
|
the same, improved - 2 | The same, no more than 10 mm |
|
the same, high quality - 1 | The same, no more than 5 mm |
|
uneven surfaces of smooth outline (by 4 m 2): | ||
with simple plaster - no more than 3, depth (height) up to 5 mm | ||
the same, improved - no more than 2, depth (height) up to 3 mm | ||
the same, high quality - no more than 2, depth (height) up to 2 mm | ||
horizontal deviations (mm per 1 m) should not exceed, mm: | ||
with simple plaster - 3 | ||
the same, improved - 2 | ||
the same, high quality - 1 | ||
Deviations of window and door slopes, pilasters, pillars, husks, etc. from the vertical (mm per 1 m) should not exceed, mm: | The same, except for measurements (3 by 1 mm) |
|
with simple plaster - 4 | Up to 10 mm for the whole element |
|
the same, improved - 2 | The same, up to 5 mm |
|
the same, high quality - 1 | The same, up to 3 mm |
|
The deviation of the radius of curved surfaces, checked by the piece, from the design value (for the entire element) should not exceed, mm: | Measuring, at least 5 measurements with a two-meter control rod on 50 - 70 m 2 of surface or in a separate area of a smaller area in places identified by continuous visual inspection (for molded products - at least 5 by 35-40 m and three per element), except for measurements ( 3 by 1 mm), work log |
|
with simple plaster - 10 |
||
the same, improved - 7 |
||
the same high quality - 5 |
||
Deviations of the slope width from the design should not exceed, mm: | ||
with simple plaster - 5 |
||
the same, improved - 3 |
||
the same, high quality - 2 |
||
The deviations of the rods from a straight line within the limits between the angles of intersection of the rods and ripping should not exceed, mm: | ||
with simple plaster - 6 |
||
the same, improved - 3 |
||
the same, high quality - 2 |
||
The surfaces of prefabricated panels and panels must meet the requirements of the standards and specifications for the respective products. | ||
Allowable humidity: | Measuring, at least 3 measurements per 10 m2 surface |
|
brick and stone surfaces when plastering, concrete, plastered or putty surfaces when wallpapering and when painting with paints, except for cement and lime | No more than 8% |
|
the same, when painting with cement and lime compositions | Until droplet moisture appears on the surface |
|
wooden surfaces to be painted | No more than 12% |
|
When installing paint coatings, the surface of the base must be smooth, without roughness; local irregularities with a height (depth) of up to 1 mm - no more than 2 on an area of 4 m 2 of the surface of coatings |
3.13. When facing surfaces, the quality of prepared substrates must meet the following requirements:
walls must have a load of at least 65% of the design load with the internal and 80% with the external facing of their surface, with the exception of walls, the facing of which is carried out simultaneously with the masonry;
concrete surfaces and surfaces of brick and stone walls, laid out with fully filled joints, must have a notch;
the surfaces of the walls laid out in a washer must be prepared without notching them with filling the joints with mortar;
any surfaces must be cleaned, rinsed before facing, and moistened to a matte shine before applying an adhesive layer from a solution and other aqueous compounds;
before cladding in rooms, it is necessary to paint the ceilings and wall planes above the surface to be faced. Before cladding the walls with sheets and panels with front finishing, also arrange hidden wiring.
3.14. When preparing facing and other types of surfaces in the production of finishing work, the requirements of table must be observed. 9.
PRODUCTION OF PLASTERING AND STAPLING WORKS
3.15. When plastering brick walls at an ambient temperature of 23 ° C and above, the surface must be moistened before applying the solution.
3.16. Improved and high-quality plaster should be carried out on beacons, the thickness of which should be equal to the thickness of the plaster coating without a cover layer.
3.17. When installing single-layer coatings, their surface should be leveled immediately after applying the mortar, in the case of using trowels - after it has set.
3.18. When installing a multi-layer plaster coating, each layer must be applied after the previous one has set (the covering layer - after the mortar has set). Leveling the soil should be carried out before the mortar begins to set.
3.19. Sheets of gypsum plaster must be glued to the surface of brick walls with compositions corresponding to the design, located in the form of marks, 80 × 80 mm in size on an area of at least 10% along the ceiling, floor, vertical plane angles every 120-150 mm, in the intervals between them at a distance no more than 400 mm, along the vertical edges - in a continuous strip. Sheets should be fastened to wooden bases with nails with wide heads.
3.20. Installation of stucco products from plaster should be done after setting and drying of the base from plaster solutions. Architectural details on the facade must be secured to the reinforcement embedded in the wall structure, previously protected from corrosion.
3.21. In the production of plastering work, the requirements of table. 10.
Table 10
Technical requirements | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Allowable thickness of one-layer plaster, mm: | |
when using all types of solutions, except for gypsum - up to 20, from gypsum solutions - up to 15 |
|
Permissible thickness of each layer when installing multi-layer plasters without polymer additives, mm: | Measuring, at least 5 measurements per 70-100 m 2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area in places identified by continuous visual inspection, work log |
spraying on stone, brick, concrete surfaces - up to 5 |
|
splashing on wooden surfaces (including the thickness of the shingles) - up to 9 |
|
soil from cement mortars - up to 5 |
|
soil from lime, lime-gypsum solutions - up to 7 |
|
covering layer of plaster coating - up to 2 |
|
cover layer of decorative finishing - up to 7 |
PRODUCTION OF PAINT WORKS
3.22. The painting work on the facades should be carried out with the protection of the applied compositions (up to their complete drying) from direct exposure to sunlight.
3.23. In the production of painting work, the surface should be completely putty only with a high-quality painting, and with an improved one - for metal and wood.
3.24. The putty from low-shrinkage compositions with polymer additives must be leveled immediately after application with grinding of individual areas; when applying other types of putty compounds, the surface of the putty should be sanded after it dries.
3.25. Surfaces must be primed before painting with paint compounds, except for organosilicon ones. The priming must be done in a continuous, even layer, without gaps and breaks. The dried primer should have a strong adhesion to the base, not flake off when stretched, there should be no traces of the binder on the tampon attached to it. Painting should be done after the primer has dried.
3.26. Paints must also be applied in a continuous layer. The application of each paint composition should begin after the previous one has completely dried. Fluting or trimming of the paint composition should be done according to the freshly applied paint composition.
33.7. When painting plank floors, each layer, except for the last one, must be sanded to remove the gloss.
3.28. In the production of painting work, the requirements of table must be observed. eleven.
Table 11
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Allowable thickness of paint layers: | Measuring, not less than 5 measurements on 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or in one smaller room, after a complete visual inspection, work log |
|
putties - 0.5 mm | ||
paint coating - not less than 25 microns | ||
The surface of each layer of the paint coat with improved and high-quality internal painting with anhydrous compounds should be even, without paint drips, not have a jagged structure, etc. | The same, on 70-100 m 2 of the coating surface (when illuminated by an electric lamp with a reflector having a narrow slit, the light beam directed parallel to the painted surface should not form shadow spots) |
PRODUCTION OF DECORATIVE FINISHING WORKS
3.29. When decorative finishing with compositions with fillers, the surface of the base must be unsmooth; putty and sanding of rough surfaces is not allowed.
3.30. When finishing surfaces with decorative pastes and terrasite compounds, each layer of multilayer decorative coatings must be performed after the previous one has hardened, without grinding the front surface.
3.31. When installing finishing coatings from decorative pastes on plaster instead of a cover layer, the work should be carried out in compliance with the rules for the device of a cover layer of plaster coatings.
3.32. Decorative finishing with terrazite compounds should be performed in a single layer, in compliance with the requirements for the device of single-layer plaster coatings.
3.33. When finishing surfaces with decorative chips, it must be applied over a wet adhesive layer. The applied crumb should have a strong (not less than 0.8 MPa) adhesion to the base and form a continuous, without gaps, coating with a snug fit of the crumb to each other.
Before applying the hydrophobizing composition, the surface must be cleaned with compressed air.
3.34. When arranging decorative finishing coatings, the requirements of table. 12.
Table 12
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The amount of embedding of decorative chips into the adhesive layer should be 2/3 of its size | Measuring, at least 5 measurements on 50-70 m2 of surface in places identified by continuous visual inspection, work log |
|
The adhesion of decorative chips to the base must be at least 0.3 MPa | The same, at least 5 measurements for 70-100 m 2, work log |
|
Permissible thickness of decorative coating, mm: | The same, at least 5 measurements for every 30-50 m 2 of the coating surface |
|
with the use of chips on the glue layer - up to 7 |
||
using pastes (on plaster) - up to 5 |
||
with the use of terrazite compounds - up to 12 |
PRODUCTION OF WALLPAPER WORKS
3.35. When priming the surface under the wallpaper, the adhesive composition should be applied in a continuous uniform layer, without gaps and drips, and kept until thickening begins. An additional layer of adhesive layer should be applied along the perimeter of window and door openings, along the contour and in the corners of the surface to be trimmed with a strip 75-80 mm wide at the moment the base layer begins to thicken.
3.36. When gluing the bases with paper in separate strips or sheets, the distance between them should be 10-12 mm.
3.37. Sticking of panels of paper wallpaper should be done after they have swollen and impregnated with an adhesive.
3.38. Wallpaper with surface density up to 100 g / m 2 must be glued with an overlap, 100-120 g / m 2 and more - back to back.
3.39. When joining overlapping panels, wallpapering of surfaces must be carried out in the direction from the light openings without arranging joints of vertical rows of panels at the intersections of the planes.
3.40. When pasting surfaces with synthetic wallpaper on a paper or fabric basis, the corners of the walls must be pasted over with a whole sheet. Glue spots on their surface must be removed immediately.
The vertical edges of adjacent panels of textovinit and films on a fabric backing should overlap the width of the previous panel with an overlap of 3-4 mm when gluing. Trimming overlapping edges should be done after the adhesive layer has completely dried, and after removing the edge, additionally apply glue in the places where the edges of adjacent panels are glued.
3.41. When gluing pile wallpaper, the panels should be smoothed in one direction when gluing.
3.42. When pasting surfaces with wallpaper, the formation of air bubbles, stains and other contaminants, as well as adhesion and delamination, is not allowed.
3.43. When wallpapering the premises, until the wallpaper is completely dry, it is necessary to protect it from drafts and direct exposure to sunlight with the establishment of a constant humidity regime. The air temperature when drying the pasted wallpaper should not exceed 23 ° C.
PRODUCTION OF GLASS WORKS
3.44. Glazing works should be carried out at a positive ambient temperature. Glazing at negative air temperatures is allowed only if it is impossible to remove the bindings, when using putty heated to at least 20 ° C.
3.46. When glazing metal and reinforced concrete bindings, metal glazing beads must be installed after laying the rubber gaskets in the rebate.
3.46. Fastening of glass in wooden bindings should be carried out using glazing beads or pins with filling the folds of the binding with putty. The glass should overlap the folds of the bindings by no more than 3/4 of the width. The putty should be applied in a uniform, continuous layer, without tears, until the fold of the binding is completely compacted.
3.47. Docking glass, as well as the installation of glass with defects (cracks, gouges more than 10 mm, indelible stains, foreign inclusions) when glazing residential buildings and objects of cultural and domestic purposes are not allowed.
3.48. Fastening of UV, frosted, frosted-patterned, reinforced and colored glass, as well as tempered glass in window and door openings, should be carried out in the same way as sheet, depending on the binding material.
3.49. The installation of glass blocks on a solution should be carried out with strictly constant horizontal and vertical joints of constant width in accordance with the project.
3.50. Installation of glass panels and assembly of their fittings should be carried out in accordance with the project.
PRODUCTION OF FACING WORKS
3.51. Surface cladding must be carried out in accordance with the PPR in accordance with the project. The connection of the cladding field with the base must be carried out:
when using facing slabs and blocks larger than 400 cm 2 and more than 10 mm thick - fastening to the base and filling the space between the facing and the wall surface (sinuses) with mortar or without filling the sinuses with mortar when the facing is removed from the wall;
when using slabs and blocks with a size of 400 cm 2 or less, no more than 10 mm thick, as well as when facing horizontal and inclined (no more than 45%) surfaces with slabs of any size - on mortar or mastic (in accordance with the project) without additional attachment to base;
when facing with embedded slabs and facing bricks simultaneously with masonry walls - on masonry mortar.
3.52. Cladding of walls, columns, pilasters of interiors of premises should be performed before floor covering.
3.53. Cladding elements on an adhesive layer of mortar and mastic must be installed in horizontal rows from bottom to top from the corner of the cladding field.
3.54. The mastic and adhesive layer solution should be applied evenly, without drips, in a layer before installing the tiles. Small-sized tiles on mastics or mortars with retarders should be installed after applying the latter over the entire area to be faced in one plane when the mastics and solutions with retarders thicken.
3.55. Finishing of the site and the entire surface of the interior and facade with facing products of different colors, textures, textures and sizes should be carried out with the selection of the entire pattern of the facing field in accordance with the project.
3.56. Cladding elements when using natural and artificial stone of polished and polished texture must be dry mated, adjusting the edges of adjacent slabs selected according to the pattern with fastening according to the project. The seams of the slabs must be filled with mastic after filling the sinuses with a solution and hardening it.
3.57. Plates with a polished, dotted, bumpy and grooved structure, as well as with a "rock" type relief, must be installed on a mortar; vertical joints should be filled with mortar to a depth of 15 - 20 mm or with sealant after the adhesive layer has hardened.
3.58. The seams of the cladding must be even, of the same width. When facing walls erected by the freezing method, filling the joints of facing from embedded ceramic slabs must be performed after thawing and hardening of the masonry mortar with loads on the walls of at least 80% of the design.
3.59. Filling the sinuses with a solution must be done after installing a permanent or temporary fastening of the lining field. The mortar should be poured in horizontal layers, leaving a space of 5 cm to the top of the cladding after pouring the last layer of the mortar.
The solution poured into the sinuses, during technological breaks exceeding 18 hours, should be protected from moisture loss. Before continuing work, the unfilled part of the sinus must be cleaned of dust with compressed air.
3.60. After cladding, the surfaces of slabs and products must be cleaned of slugs of mortar and mastic immediately, while: the surfaces of glazed, polished and polished slabs and products are washed with hot water, and polished, dotted, bumpy, grooved and “rock” types are treated with 10% - solution of hydrochloric acid and steam using a sandblaster.
3.61. Surfaces from sawing slabs of soft rocks (limestone, tuff, etc.), as well as protruding more than 1.5 mm edges of slabs with polished, ground, grooved and dotted surfaces must be respectively sanded, polished or hacked down to obtain a clear contour of the edges of the slabs.
3.62. In the production of facing work, the requirements of table must be observed. thirteen.
Table 13
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Glue layer thickness, mm: | ||
from solution - 7 | ||
from mastic - 1 | ||
Veneered surface | The same, at least 5 measurements on a 50-70 m2 surface |
|
deviations from the vertical (mm per 1 m length), mm: | ||
mirrored, glossy - no more than 2 | No more than 4 per floor |
|
polished, point, tuberous, grooved - no more than 3 | No more than 8 per floor |
|
ceramic, glass-ceramic and other cladding products | ||
outdoor - 2 | No more than 5 per floor |
|
internal - 1.5 | No more than 4 per floor |
|
deviation of the location of the seams from the vertical and horizontal (mm per 1 m length) in the cladding, mm: | ||
mirrored, glossy - up to 1.5 | ||
polished, point, tuberous, grooved - up to 3 | ||
rock type textures - up to 3 | ||
ceramic, glass-ceramic, other cladding products: | ||
outdoor - up to 2 | ||
internal - up to 1.5 | ||
Permissible profile mismatches at the joints of architectural details and seams, mm: | Measuring, at least 5 measurements on 70-100 m2 of surface or on a separate area of a smaller area in places identified by continuous visual inspection, work log |
|
mirror, glossy - up to 0.5 |
||
polished, point, tuberous, grooved - up to 1 |
||
rock type textures - up to 2 |
||
outdoor - up to 4 |
||
internal - up to 3 |
||
Irregularities in the plane (when controlled with a two-meter rail), mm: | ||
mirrored, polished - up to 2 |
||
polished, point, tuberous, grooved - up to 4 |
||
ceramic, glass-ceramic and other cladding products: |
||
outdoor - up to 3 |
||
internal - up to 2 |
||
Deviations in the width of the facing seam: | ||
mirrored, polished | ||
granite and artificial stone | ||
marbles | ||
polished, point, tuberous, grooved | ||
textures like "rock" | ||
ceramic, glass-ceramic and other products (interior and exterior cladding) |
INSTALLATION OF SUSPENDED CEILINGS, PANELS AND FACING PLATES IN BUILDING INTERIORS
3.63. The installation of suspended ceilings must be carried out after installation and fastening of all elements of the frame (in accordance with the project), checking the horizontal plane of its plane and compliance with the marks.
3.64. Installation of slabs, wall panels and suspended ceiling elements should be carried out after marking the surface and starting from the corner of the facing plane. Horizontal joints of sheets (panels) not provided for by the project are not allowed.
3.65. The surface plane lined with panels and slabs must be flat, without sagging at the joints, rigid, without vibration of panels and sheets and delamination from the surface (when gluing).
3.66. When installing suspended ceilings, panels and slabs with front finishing in the interiors of buildings, the requirements of Table 2 must be observed. 14.
Table 14
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Finished cladding: | Measuring, at least 5 measurements on 50-70 m 2 of the surface or individual areas of a smaller area, identified by continuous visual inspection, work log |
|
maximum steps between slabs and panels, as well as strips (suspended ceilings) - 2 mm | ||
Deviation of the plane of the entire field of finishing diagonally, vertically and horizontally (from the design) by 1 m - 1.5 mm | 7 full surface | |
Deviation of the direction of the joint of wall cladding elements from the vertical (mm per 1 m) - 1 mm |
REQUIREMENTS FOR FINISHED FINISH COATINGS
3.67. Requirements for finished finishing coatings are given in table. 15.
Table 15
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Adhesion strength of the coating made of plaster compounds and sheets of dry gypsum plaster, MPa: | Measuring, at least 5 measurements on 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or on the area of individual areas identified by continuous visual inspection, acceptance certificate |
|
internal plastered surfaces - not less than 0.1 |
||
external plastered surfaces - 0.4 |
||
Irregularities of the plastered surface must have deviations and irregularities not exceeding those given in table. 9 (for plaster coatings made of dry gypsum plaster, the indicators must correspond to high-quality plaster) | ||
Plastering from sheets of dry gypsum plaster should not be fragile, with a slight tap with a wooden hammer, cracks should not appear in the joints; sagging at joints is allowed no more than 1 mm | ||
Molded products | ||
Horizontal and vertical deviations per 1 m of part length - no more than 1 mm | ||
The displacement of the axes of separately located large parts from the specified position should not exceed 10 mm | ||
The sealed joints should not be noticeable, and parts of the closed relief should be in the same plane; drawing (profile) of embossed products must be clear; on the surface of the parts there should be no cavities, breaks, cracks, mortar overflows | ||
Acceptance of finishing coatings must be carried out after the water-based paints have dried and a strong film has formed on surfaces painted with anhydrous compounds. Surfaces after drying of aqueous compositions should be uniform, without stripes, stains, smudges, splashes, abrasion (mist coating) of surfaces. Local corrections that stand out against the general background (except for simple coloring) should not be noticeable at a distance of 3 m from the surface | Technical inspection, acceptance certificate |
|
Surfaces painted with anhydrous paint compounds should have a uniform glossy or matte surface. Translucence of underlying layers of paint, peeling, stains, wrinkles, drips, visible grains of paint, film clots on the surface, traces of a brush and roller, irregularities, prints of dried paint on the attached swab are not allowed | ||
Surfaces painted with varnishes should have glossy coatings, without cracks, visible thickenings, traces of varnish (after drying) on the attached swab | ||
In places where surfaces painted in different colors meet, curved lines, high-quality painting (for other types) in some areas should not exceed, mm: | ||
for simple coloring - 5 |
||
for improved coloring - 2 |
||
curvature of panel lines and surface painting when using different colors - 1 (per 1 m of surface) |
||
When wallpapering the surface, the following must be done: | ||
with the overlap edges of the panels facing the light openings, without shadows from them (when gluing with an overlap); |
||
from panels of the same color and shades; |
||
with precise fit of the pattern at the seams. The deviations of the edges should be no more than 0.5 mm (invisible from a distance of 3 m); |
||
air bubbles, stains, gaps, gluing and delamination, and in the places adjacent to the slopes of the openings, distortions, wrinkles, wallpapering of skirting boards, platbands, sockets, switches, etc. not allowed |
||
In the production of glass works: | ||
after the formation of a solid film on the surface, the putty should not have cracks, lag behind the glass surface and fold; |
||
the cut of the putty at the point of contact with the glass must be even and parallel to the edge of the fold, without protruding fasteners; |
||
the outer chamfers of the glazing beads should fit snugly to the outer edge of the folds, not protruding beyond their limits and not forming depressions; |
||
glazing beads installed on glass putty must be firmly connected to each other and to the binding fold; on rubber gaskets - gaskets should be tightly pinched by glass and fit snugly to the surface of the fold, glass and glazing beads, not protrude above the edge of the glazing bead, not have cracks or breaks; |
||
when using any fastening devices, rubber profiles must be tightly pressed against the glass and the rebate groove, the fastening devices must correspond to the design ones and tightly stocked in the rebate grooves |
||
Glass blocks installed on the mortar must have even, strictly vertical and horizontal seams of the same width, filled flush with the surfaces of the glass units; the whole structure after installation of a double-glazed window must be vertical, with tolerances not exceeding 2 mm per 1 m of surface | 10 full height | |
The surface of glass and glass structures must be free of cracks, gouges, holes, no traces of putty, mortar, paint, grease stains, etc. | ||
Surfaces lined with blocks, slabs and tiles of natural and natural stone must meet the following requirements: | ||
surfaces must correspond to the specified geometric shapes; |
||
deviations should not exceed those given in table. thirteen; |
||
the material for mating and sealing the seams, the dimensions and patterns of the cladding must correspond to the design; |
||
surfaces lined with monochromatic artificial materials should have uniformity, with natural stone - uniformity or smooth transition of shades; |
||
the space between the wall and the cladding must be completely filled with mortar; |
||
horizontal and vertical lining seams should be of the same type, one-row and uniform in width; |
||
the surface of the entire cladding must be rigid; |
||
chips in the seams are allowed no more than 0.5 mm; |
||
cracks, stains, solution drips, efflorescence are not allowed; |
||
large-block elements made of natural stone must be installed on concrete; |
||
fastening devices (fasteners) for cladding exposed to aggressive environments must be covered with anti-corrosion compounds or made of non-ferrous metal in accordance with the project |
||
Finishing (facing) of walls with sheets with a factory finish must meet the following requirements: | ||
cracks, air bubbles, scratches, stains, etc. on the surface of sheets and panels. not allowed; |
||
the fastening of sheets and panels to the base must be strong, without instability (with light tapping with a wooden hammer, there should be no warping of products, destruction of their edges and displacement of sheets); |
||
the seams must be uniform, strictly horizontal and vertical; fastening devices and the distance between them, as well as the material, dimensions and drawing must correspond to the project; |
||
deviations from the plane, horizontal and vertical should not exceed the norms given in table. sixteen |
||
Note. Anti-corrosion coatings of building structures and technological equipment must meet the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85. |
4. FLOOR ARRANGEMENT
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
4.1. Prior to the commencement of flooring work, measures to stabilize, prevent heaving and artificially consolidate soils, lower groundwater, as well as adjoining expansion joints, canals, pits, gutters, ladders, etc., should be performed in accordance with the project. coatings must be completed prior to installation.
4.2. The subgrade under the floors must be compacted in accordance with SNiP 3.02.01-87 "Earthen structures, foundations and foundations".
Vegetable soil, silt, peat, as well as bulk soils with an admixture of construction waste under the subsoil are not allowed.
4.3. The device of floors is allowed at an air temperature in the room, measured in the cold season near door and window openings at a height of 0.5 m from the floor level, and laid floor elements and materials to be laid - not lower than, ° С:
15 - when installing coatings from polymeric materials; this temperature must be maintained for 24 hours after the end of work;
10 - when constructing floor elements from xylene and from mixtures that include liquid glass; this temperature must be maintained until the laid material acquires the strength of at least 70% of the design;
5 - when installing floor elements using bituminous mastics and their mixtures, which include cement; this temperature must be maintained until the material acquires a strength of at least 50% of the design;
0 - when installing floor elements from soil, gravel, slag, crushed stone and from piece materials without gluing to the underlying layer or on sand.
4.4. Before installing floors, in the construction of which products and materials based on wood or its waste, synthetic resins and fibers, xylolite coatings are incorporated, plastering and other work related to the possibility of wetting the coatings must be performed in the room. When installing these floors and in the subsequent period before putting the object into operation, the relative humidity in the room should not exceed 60%. Drafts are not allowed indoors.
4.5. Floors resistant to aggressive environments must be made in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85.
4.6. Work on the construction of asphalt concrete, slag and crushed stone floors should be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.06.03-85 (Section 7).
4.7. Requirements for materials and mixtures for special types of floors (heat-resistant, radiation-resistant, non-sparking, etc.) must be specified in the project.
4.8. Subbases, screeds, connecting layers (for ceramic, concrete, mosaic and other tiles) and monolithic coatings on a cement binder should be under a layer of permanently moist water-retaining material for 7-10 days after installation.
4.9. Standard operation of xylolite floors, made of cement or acid-resistant concrete or mortar, as well as from piece materials laid on layers of cement-sand or acid-resistant (on liquid glass) mortar, is allowed after the concrete or mortar has acquired the design compressive strength. Pedestrian traffic on these floors can be allowed not earlier than the acquisition by concrete of monolithic coatings of compressive strength equal to 5 MPa, and by the solution of the interlayer under piece materials - 2.5 MPa.
PREPARATION OF UNDERFLOOR ELEMENTS
4.10. Dedusting the surface must be performed before applying primers, adhesive layers for roll and tile polymer coatings and mastic compositions for continuous (seamless) floors to the surface.
4.11. The priming of the surface layer should be performed on the entire surface without gaps before applying building mixtures, mastics, adhesives, etc. (based on bitumen, tar, synthetic resins and aqueous dispersions of polymers) to the underlying element with a composition corresponding to the material of the mixture, mastic or glue.
4.12. Moistening of the surface layer of floor elements made of concrete and cement-sand mortar should be carried out before laying building mixtures of cement and gypsum binders on them. Moistening is carried out until the final absorption of water.
CONCRETE SUB-LAYERS DEVICE
4.13. Preparation, transportation and laying of concrete mixtures must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Supporting and enclosing structures" (Section 2).
4.14. When performing concrete underlays using the vacuum method, the requirements of Table 1 must be observed. sixteen.
Table 16
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Measuring, for every 500 m2 of surface, work log |
||
Concrete mix mobility - 8-12 cm | ||
Vacuum pump vacuum - 0.07-0.08 MPa | Not less than 0.06 MPa | Measuring, at least four times per shift, work log |
Duration of evacuation - 1-1.5 minutes per 1 cm of the underlying layer | The same for each vacuum section, work log |
STRAP DEVICE
4.15. Monolithic screeds made of concrete, asphalt concrete, cement-sand mortar and prefabricated screeds made of fiberboard must be carried out in compliance with the rules for the construction of the same pavement.
4.16. Self-leveling gypsum and porous cement screeds should be laid immediately to the design thickness specified in the project.
4.17. When installing screeds, the requirements of table. 17.
Table 17
Technical requirements | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Screeds, laid along sound-insulating gaskets or backfills, at the points of abutment to walls and partitions and other structures, must be laid with a gap of 20-25 mm across the entire thickness of the screed and filled with the same sound-insulating material: monolithic screeds should be insulated from walls and partitions with strips of waterproofing materials | Technical, all junction points, work log |
The end surfaces of the laid section of monolithic screeds, after removing the lighthouse or limiting rails, before placing the mixture in the adjacent section of the screed, must be primed (see clause 4.11) or moistened (see clause 4.12), and the working seam smoothed so that it is invisible | |
Smoothing the surface of monolithic screeds should be performed under coatings on mastics and adhesive layers and under continuous (seamless) polymer coatings before the mixtures set. | The same, the entire surface of the screeds, work log |
The joints of the prefabricated fiberboard screed must be glued along the entire length of the joints with thick paper strips or adhesive tape 40 - 60 cm wide | Technical, all joints, work log |
Laying of additional elements between prefabricated screeds on cement and gypsum binders should be carried out with a gap of 10-15 mm wide, filled with a mixture similar to the screed material. If the width of the gaps between the prefabricated screed plates and walls or partitions is less than 0.4 m, the mixture should be laid over a continuous sound-insulating layer | Technical, all clearances, work log |
SOUND INSULATION DEVICE
4.18. Loose soundproofing material (sand, coal slag, etc.) must be free of organic impurities. It is prohibited to use backfills made of dusty materials.
4.19. The gaskets should be installed without adhesion to the floor slabs, and the slabs and mats should be dry or glued on bituminous mastics. Soundproofing pads under the logs should be laid along the entire length of the log without breaks. Tape gaskets for prefabricated screeds of "room size" should be located in continuous strips along the perimeter of the premises close to the walls and partitions, under the joints of adjacent slabs, and also inside the perimeter - parallel to the larger side of the slab.
4.20. When installing sound insulation, the requirements of table must be observed. eighteen.
Table 18
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Coarseness of bulk sound-insulating material - 0.15-10 mm | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50-70 m 2 backfill, work log |
|
Moisture content of bulk backfill material between logs | No more than 10% | |
Soundproof spacers width, mm: | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50 - 70 m 2 of the floor surface, work log |
|
for lags 100-120; |
||
for prefabricated screeds of size "per room" along the perimeter - 200-220, inside the perimeter - 100-120 |
||
The distance between the axes of the strips of sound-insulating gaskets inside the perimeter of prefabricated screeds with the size "per room" - 0.4 m | The same, at least three measurements on each prefabricated screed plate, work log |
WATERPROOFING DEVICE
4.21. Papered waterproofing using bitumen, tar and mastics based on them should be performed in accordance with Sec. 2, and polymer waterproofing - according to SNiP 3.04.03-85.
4.22. Waterproofing from crushed stone impregnated with bitumen should be made in accordance with SNiP 3.06.03-85.
4.23. The surface of the bituminous waterproofing before laying on it coatings, interlayers or screeds, which include cement or liquid glass, should be covered with hot bitumen mastic with dry coarse sand embedded in it in compliance with the parameters of Table. nineteen.
Table 19
REQUIREMENTS FOR INTERMEDIATE FLOOR ELEMENTS
4.24. The strength of materials hardening after laying must be no less than the design strength. Permissible deviations for the construction of intermediate floor elements are given in table. twenty.
Table 20
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The gaps between the control two-meter rail and the tested surface of the floor element should not exceed, mm, for: | Measuring, at least five measurements for every 50-70 m2 of floor surface or in one room of a smaller area in places identified by visual inspection, work log |
|
soil bases - 20 |
||
sand, gravel, slag, crushed stone and adobe underlying layers - 15 |
||
concrete underlays for gluing waterproofing and under coverings on an interlayer of hot mastic - 5 |
||
concrete underlays for other types of coatings - 10 |
||
screeds for polyvinyl acetate coverings, from linoleum, roll based on synthetic fibers, parquet and PVC boards - 2 |
||
screeds for coverings of other types of slabs, end blocks and bricks, laid on an interlayer of hot mastic, polyvinyl acetate-cement-concrete coatings and for waterproofing - 4 |
||
screeds for coverings of other types - 6 |
||
Deviations of the element plane from the horizontal or the specified slope - 0.2 of the corresponding room size | No more than 50 | Measuring, at least five measurements evenly for every 50-70 m2 of floor surface in one room of a smaller area, work log |
MONOLITHIC COATING DEVICE
4.25. Monolithic mosaic coatings and coatings with a hardened surface layer, arranged over the concrete underlying layers, should be carried out simultaneously with the latter by embedding decorative, reinforcing and other bulk materials into the freshly laid evacuated concrete mixture.
4.26. When installing monolithic coatings, the requirements of table. 21.
Table 21
Technical requirements | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The maximum size of crushed stone and gravel for concrete coatings and marble chips for mosaic, polyvinyl acetate-cement-concrete, latex-cement concrete coatings should not exceed 15 mm 0.6 thickness of coatings | Measuring - during the preparation of mixtures, at least three measurements per batch of aggregate, work log |
Marble chips: | The same, at least three measurements per batch of aggregate, work log |
for mosaic coverings must have a compressive strength of at least 60 MPa |
|
polyvinyl acetate-cement-concrete and latex-cement-concrete not less than 80 MPa |
|
Concrete and mosaic mixtures, which do not contain plasticizers, should be used with a cone draft of 2-4 cm, and cement-sand mixtures - with a cone immersion depth of 4-5 cm. The mobility of the mixtures should be increased only by the introduction of plasticizers. | The same, one measurement for every 50-70 m2 of coverage, work log |
Cutting monolithic coverings into separate cards is not allowed, except for multi-color coverings, where dividing veins must be installed between individual cards of different colors. The processing of the joints of adjacent sections of a single-color coating should be performed in accordance with clause 4.11 or 4.12 | |
Hard mixtures must be compacted. Compaction and smoothing of concrete and mortar in places of working seams should be carried out until the seam becomes invisible | Visual, the entire surface of the monolithic coating, work log |
Grinding of coatings should be carried out after reaching the strength of the coating, which excludes chipping of the filler. The thickness of the layer to be removed should ensure complete opening of the texture of the decorative filler. When sanding, the surface to be treated must be covered with a thin layer of water or an aqueous solution of surfactants | Measuring, at least nine measurements evenly for every 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface, work log |
Surface impregnation of coatings with fluates and sealing compounds, as well as finishing with polyurethane varnishes and epoxy enamels of concrete and cement-sand coatings should be carried out no earlier than 10 days after laying the mixtures at an air temperature in the room of at least 10 ° C. Before impregnation, the coating must be dried and thoroughly cleaned. | Technical, the entire surface of the coating, work log |
DEVICE OF COVERINGS FROM PLATES (TILES) AND UNIFIED BLOCKS
4.27. Slabs (tiles) of cement-concrete, cement-sand, mosaic-concrete, asphalt concrete, ceramic, stone-cast, cast iron, steel, natural stone and standardized blocks should be laid immediately after the installation of a connecting layer of mortar, concrete and hot mastics. Embedding of plates and blocks into the interlayer should be carried out using vibration; in places inaccessible for vibration heating - manually. Finish laying and embedding the plates and blocks before the mortar starts to set or the mastic hardens.
4.28. The main requirements that must be met when installing coatings from plates and blocks are given in table. 22.
Table 22
Technical requirements | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Porous slabs (concrete, cement-sand, mosaic and ceramic) before laying on a layer of cement-sand mortar should be immersed in water or in an aqueous solution of surfactants for 15-20 minutes | Technical, at least four times per shift, work log |
The width of the joints between tiles and blocks should not exceed 6 mm when inserting tiles and blocks into the interlayer manually and 3 mm when vibrating tiles, unless a different joint width has been established by the project | Measuring, at least five measurements for every 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area in places identified by visual inspection, work log |
Mortar or concrete protruding from the seams must be removed from the coating flush with its surface before it hardens, hot mastic - immediately after cooling, cold mastic - immediately after protruding from the seams | Visual, entire surface of the coating, work log |
The material of the interlayer should be applied to the back side of slag-glass slabs with a corrugated bottom surface immediately before laying the slabs flush with the protruding corrugation | Visual, at least four times per shift, work journal |
DEVICE FOR COATINGS FROM WOOD AND PRODUCTS BASED ON IT
4.29. Logs for coverings should be laid across the direction of light from windows, and in rooms with a certain direction of movement of people (for example, in corridors) - perpendicular to the movement. The logs should be joined together close to each other with their ends anywhere in the room with a displacement of the joints in adjacent logs by at least 0.5 m. Between the logs and walls (partitions), a gap of 20-30 mm must be left.
4.30. In floors on ceilings, the surface of the lag should be leveled with a layer of sand with tamping it under soundproofing gaskets or logs along their entire width or length. The logs should touch the sound insulation layer, floor slabs or sand leveling layer with the entire bottom surface, without gaps. Tamping wooden wedges or pads under the logs to align them or supporting the logs on wooden pads is prohibited.
4.31. Under the logs, located on posts in the floors on the ground, wooden gaskets should be laid on two layers of roofing tar, the edges of which should be released from under the gaskets by 30-40 mm and fastened to them with nails. The joints of the lag should be located on the posts.
4.32. In the doorways of adjacent rooms, a widened log should be installed, protruding beyond the partition by at least 50 mm on each side.
4.33. Planks, parquet boards, joined together by side edges in a tongue, and parquet boards - with dowels, must be tightly pulled together. The reduction in the width of the coating products during rallying should be at least 0.5%.
4.34. All planks should be attached to each log with nails 2-2.5 times longer than the thickness of the coating, and parquet boards - with nails 50-60 mm long. Nails should be driven obliquely into the face of the planks and into the base of the bottom cheek of the groove on the edges of parquet boards and parquet boards with embedding of caps. Driving nails into the front surface of parquet boards and parquet boards is prohibited.
4.35. The joints of the ends of the planks of planks, the joints of the ends and side edges with the ends of adjacent parquet boards, as well as the joints of the edges of adjacent parquet boards parallel to the logs should be placed on the logs.
4.36. The joints of the ends of the coating boards should be covered with a board (frieze) 50-60 mm wide, 15 mm thick, embedded flush with the coating surface. The frieze is nailed to the log with nails in two rows with a step (along the log) of 200-250 mm. Docking of the ends without overlapping with a frieze is allowed only in two or three wall boards; joints should not be opposite doorways and should be located on the same log. When joining parquet boards, as well as parquet boards with sawn edges, a groove should be made on some of them, on others - a ridge corresponding to those on the other edges.
4.37. Superhard fiber boards, type-setting and block parquet should be glued to the base with fast-hardening mastics on waterproof binders used in a cold or heated state. Glue mastic should be applied to the base for superhard fibreboard in strips of 100-200 mm wide along the perimeter of the boards and in the middle zone with an interval of 300-400 mm. When laying out and cutting wood fiber boards, joining four corners of the boards at one point is not allowed.
4.38. When constructing coatings from wood and products based on them, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of table. 23.
Table 23
Technical requirements | Limit deviations | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
All logs, boards (except for the front side), wooden gaskets laid on posts under the logs, as well as wood under the base of fiberboard must be antiseptic | Visual, all materials, certificate of inspection of hidden works |
|
The moisture content of materials should not exceed for: | Measuring, at least three measurements for every 50-70 m2 of floor surface, work log |
|
lag and gaskets | ||
covering boards and bases when laying inlaid and piece parquet, parquet boards and parquet boards | ||
fibreboard covering | ||
The length of the jointed logs should be at least 2 m, the thickness of the logs resting on the entire lower surface on the floor slabs or soundproofing layer - 40 mm, width - 80-100 mm. The thickness of the logs laid on separate supports (columns in the floors on the ground, floor beams, etc.) should be 40 - 50 mm, width - 100-120 mm | ||
Wooden pads for joists in floors on the ground: width - 100-150 mm, length - 200-250 mm, thickness - at least 25 mm | ||
The distance between the axes of the logs laid on the floor slabs and for floor beams (when laying the covering directly on the beams) should be 0.4-0.5 m.When laying the logs on separate supports (columns in the floors on the ground, floor beams, etc.) ) this distance should be: | ||
with a lag thickness of 40 mm 0.8 - 0.9 m |
||
with a lag thickness of 50 mm 1.0 - 1.1 m |
||
With large operational loads on the floor (more than 500 kg / m 2), the distance between the supports for the lags, between the lags and their thickness should be taken according to the project |
||
The length of the covering boards joined by the ends must be at least 2 m, and parquet boards - at least 1.2 m | ||
The thickness of the adhesive layer for type-setting and piece parquet and superhard fibreboard should be no more than 1 mm | Measuring, at least five measurements for every 50-70 m2 of floor surface or in one room of a smaller area, work log |
|
Bonding area: | Technical, with a trial lifting of products in at least three places on 500 m 2 of the floor surface, work log |
|
parquet planks - at least 80% |
||
fibreboards - not less than 40% |
DEVICE FOR COATING FROM POLYMER MATERIALS
4.39. Linoleum, carpets, roll materials made of synthetic fibers and polyvinyl chloride tiles, before gluing, must stand until the waves disappear and completely adhere to the base; they must be glued to the underlying layer over the entire area, except for the cases specified in the project.
4.40. Trimming of joined panels of rolled materials must be done no earlier than 3 days after the main gluing of panels. The edges of the abutting linoleum panels must be welded or glued after cutting.
4.41. In areas of heavy pedestrian traffic, the device of transverse (perpendicular to the direction of traffic) seams in coverings made of linoleum, carpets and roll materials made of synthetic fibers is not allowed.
4.42. When constructing coatings made of polymeric materials, the requirements of table must be observed. 24.
Table 24
Technical requirements | Limit deviations,% | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The weight moisture content of the interfloor floor panels before the installation of coatings on them should not exceed,%: | Measuring, at least five measurements evenly for every 50 - 70 m 2 of the coating surface, work log |
|
screeds based on cement, polymer-cement and gypsum binder | ||
fiberboard screeds | ||
The thickness of the adhesive layer must be no more than 0.8 mm | ||
When installing continuous (seamless) coatings, mastic polymer compositions should be applied in layers 1 - 1.5 mm thick. The next layer should be applied after the previously applied one has hardened and its surface is free of dust. | Measuring, at least five measurements for every 50 - 70 m 2 of floor surface or in one room of a smaller area, work log |
REQUIREMENTS FOR FINISHED FLOOR COATING
4.43. The basic requirements for finished floor coverings are given in table. 25.
Table 25
Technical requirements | Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Deviations of the coating surface from the plane when checking with a control two-meter rail should not exceed, mm, for: | Measuring, at least nine measurements for every 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area, acceptance certificate |
earthen, gravel, slag, crushed stone, adobe coatings and paving stones - 10 |
|
asphalt concrete pavements, sand interlayer, end layers, cast iron slabs and bricks - 6 |
|
cement-concrete, mosaic-concrete, cement-sand, polyvinyl acetate-concrete, metal-cement, xylolite coatings and coatings made of acid-resistant and heat-resistant concrete - 4 |
|
coatings on an interlayer of mastics, end, cast iron and steel plates, bricks of all types - 4 |
|
sand, mosaic-concrete, asphalt concrete, ceramic, stone, slag-concrete - 4 |
|
polyvinyl acetate, board, parquet and linoleum coverings, rolls based on synthetic fibers, from PVC and superhard fiber boards - 2 |
|
The ledges between adjacent products of coatings made of piece materials should not exceed for coatings, mm: | |
from paving stones - 3 |
|
brick, end, concrete, asphalt, cast iron and steel slabs - 2 |
|
from ceramic, stone, cement-sand, mosaic-concrete, slag-glass slabs - 1 |
|
board, parquet, linoleum, polyvinyl chloride and superhard fiber boards, polyvinyl chloride plastic - not allowed |
|
Steps between coatings and floor edging elements - 2 mm | Measuring at least nine measurements for every 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area, acceptance certificate |
Deviations from the specified slope of the coatings - 0.2% of the corresponding size of the room, but not more than 50 mm | |
Deviations in coating thickness - no more than 10% of the design | The same, at least five measurements, acceptance certificate |
When checking the adhesion of monolithic coatings and coatings made of hard tile materials with the underlying floor elements by tapping, there should be no change in the character of the sound | Technical, by tapping the entire floor surface in the center of the squares along a conventional grid with a cell of at least 50 ´ 50 cm, acceptance certificate |
Clearances should not exceed, mm: | Measuring, at least five measurements for every 50-70 m 2 of the coating surface or in one room of a smaller area, acceptance certificate |
between planks - 1 |
|
between parquet boards and parquet boards - 0.5 |
|
between adjacent plans of block parquet - 0.3 |
|
Gaps and gaps between skirting boards and floor covering or walls (partitions), between adjacent edges of linoleum panels, carpets, roll materials and tiles are not allowed | Visual, the entire surface of the floor and joints, acceptance certificate |
The surfaces of the pavement should not have potholes, cracks, waves, bulges, raised edges. The color of the coating must correspond to the design | The same, the entire surface of the floor, acceptance certificate |
1. General Provisions. one 2. Insulating coatings and roofs. 2 General requirements. 2 Preparation of foundations and underlying insulation elements. 3 Installation of insulation and roofing from roll materials. 5 Installation of insulation and roofs made of polymer and emulsion-bitumen compositions. 6 Insulation device from cement mortars, hot asphalt mixtures, bitumen perlite and bitumen claydite. 7 Production of thermal insulation works using soft, rigid and semi-rigid fibrous products and the device of thermal insulation cover shells from rigid materials. eight Thermal insulation device made of slabs and bulk materials. eight Installation of roofs made of piece materials. 9 Insulation and roofing parts made of metal sheets. 10 Requirements for finished insulating (roofing) coatings and structural elements. 10 3. Finishing work and protection of building structures and technological equipment from corrosion (anti-corrosion work) 12 General Provisions. 12 Surface preparation. 14 Plastering and stucco work. sixteen Painting works. 17 Production of decorative finishing works. 17 Wallpaper production. eighteen Glass works. nineteen Facing works. nineteen Installation of suspended ceilings, panels and slabs with front finishing in building interiors. 22 Requirements for finished finishing coatings .. 22 4. The device of floors. 25 General requirements. 25 Preparation of the underlying floor elements. 26 Arrangement of concrete underlays. 26 Screed device. 26 Soundproofing device. 27 Waterproofing device. 28 Requirements for intermediate floor elements. 28 Installation of monolithic coatings. 29 Plates (tiles) and standardized block coverings. thirty The device of coatings from wood and products based on it. thirty The device of coatings from polymeric materials. 32 Requirements for the finished floor covering. 33 |
Construction norms and rules SNiP 3.04.01-87
"Insulation and finishing coatings"
(approved by the decree of the USSR State Construction Committee of December 4, 1987 N 280)
Instead of sections SNiP III-20-74 *; SNiP III-21-73 *; SNiP III-V.14-72;
GOST 22753-77; GOST 22844-77; GOST 23305-78
1. General Provisions
1.1. These building codes and regulations apply to the production and acceptance of works on the installation of insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floors of buildings and structures, with the exception of works due to the special conditions of operation of buildings and structures.
1.2. Insulating, finishing, protective coatings and floor structures must be performed in accordance with the project (finishing coatings in the absence of project requirements - according to the standard). Replacement of materials, products and compositions provided for by the project is allowed only by agreement with the design organization and the customer.
1.3. Work on the production of thermal insulation work can begin only after the execution of an act (permit) signed by the customer, representatives of the installation organization and the organization performing thermal insulation work.
1.4. The device of each element of insulation (roof), floor, protective and finishing coatings should be carried out after checking the correctness of the implementation of the corresponding underlying element with the drawing up of an inspection report for hidden works.
1.5. With appropriate justification, in agreement with the customer and the design organization, it is allowed to designate methods of production of work and organizational and technological solutions, as well as establish methods, volumes and types of registration of quality control of work that differ from those provided for by these rules.
2. Insulation coatings and roofs
General requirements
2.1. Insulation and roofing work is allowed to be performed from 60 to minus 30 ° C of the environment (work using hot mastics - at an ambient temperature of at least minus 20 ° C, using water-based compounds without antifreeze additives at least 5 ° C).
2.2. In the foundations for the roof and insulation, in accordance with the project, the following work must be performed:
to seal the seams between the precast plates;
arrange temperature-shrinkage seams;
mount embedded elements;
to plaster sections of vertical surfaces of stone structures to the height of the abutment of the roll or emulsion-mastic carpet of the roof and insulation.
2.3. Insulating compounds and materials should be applied in continuous and uniform layers or in one layer without gaps and sagging. Each layer must be arranged on the hardened surface of the previous one with leveling of the applied compositions, with the exception of painting. When preparing and preparing insulating compounds, the requirements of table must be observed. one.
Table 1
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Bitumen and tar (pitch) is necessary apply cleaned of impurities and dehydrated. Heating should not exceed, ° С: bitumen - 180 tar (pitch) - 140 Fillers (aggregates) should to be sieved through a sieve with cell size, mm: for sand - 1.5 "dusty - 2 "fibrous - 4 Permissible moisture content of fillers Temperature of emulsions and their composition |
10 ° C 20 ° C 20 mm 25-50% |
Measuring, period- cichesky, at least 4 times in shift, work journal Measuring, period- The same, at least 5-6 times a Measuring, period- Measuring, period- |
Preparation of foundations and underlying insulation elements
2.4. Substrates must be dedusted before applying priming and insulating compounds, including adhesives and mastics.
2.5. Leveling screeds (made of cement-sand, gypsum, gypsum-sand mortars and asphalt-concrete mixtures) should be arranged with grippers 2-3 m wide along guides with leveling and compaction of the surface.
2.6. The priming of the surface before applying the adhesives and insulating compounds must be continuous without gaps and breaks. The priming of screeds made of cement-sand mortars should be carried out no later than 4 hours after their laying, using primers on slowly evaporating solvents (except for screeds with a surface slope of more than 5%, when priming should be carried out after they have hardened). When preparing the surface of the base, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of table. 2.
The primer must have a strong adhesion to the substrate, and there must be no traces of the binder on the tampon attached to it.
table 2
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
These bases with roll and without roll emulsion and mastic insulation and roofing: along the slope and on the horizontal noah surface across the slope and on the vertical noah surface from piece materials: up and down the slope a given slope (over the entire area di) Structural element thickness (from design) The number of irregularities (smooth outline tanya with a length of no more than 150 mm) on a surface area of 4 m2 Primer thickness, mm: for weldable roofs materials - 0.7 when priming hardened screeds - 0.3 when priming screeds for 4 hours after applying the solution - 0,6 |
- 10 mm No more than 2 |
Measuring, technical cue inspection, not less than 5 measurements for every 70 - 100 m2 surface or on a smaller area in places determined by visual inspection |
2.7. The moisture content of the base before applying the primer should not exceed the values indicated in table. 3. On damp substrates, it is allowed to apply only water-based primers or insulating compounds, if the moisture appearing on the surface of the substrate does not violate the integrity of the coating film.
2.8. The metal surfaces of pipelines, equipment and fasteners to be insulated must be cleaned of rust, and those subject to corrosion protection must be treated in accordance with the project.
2.9. Insulation of installed equipment and pipelines should be carried out after their permanent fixation in the design position. Thermal insulation of equipment and pipelines in places that are inaccessible for insulation must be carried out completely before installation, including the installation of cover sheaths.
Insulation of pipelines located in non-passable channels and trays must be performed before they are installed in the channels.
2.10. Equipment and pipelines filled with substances must be emptied of them before the start of the insulation work.
2.11. When working in negative temperatures, rolled insulating materials must be warmed up to a temperature of at least 15 ° C for 20 hours, rewound and delivered to the place of installation in an insulated container.
2.12. When installing roof insulation from large-sized complex panels with a factory-applied roof carpet, the joints of the roof panels should be sealed and pasted after checking the insulation of the mounted panels.
Installation of insulation and roofing from roll materials
2.13. Roofing and waterproofing carpets made of roll materials with a mastic layer previously fused at the factory must be glued to a pre-primed base by melting or liquefying (plasticizing) the mastic layer of the material without the use of adhesive mastics. The adhesion strength must be at least 0.5 MPa.
The liquefaction of the mastic layer should be carried out at an air temperature of at least 5 ° C with the simultaneous laying of the rolled carpet or before it is laid (depending on the ambient temperature).
The melting of the mastic layer should be carried out simultaneously with the layout of the panels (the temperature of the melted mastic is 140 - 160 ° C). Each laid layer of the roof must be rolled with a roller before the device of the next one.
2.14. Roll materials must be marked at the place of installation before gluing; the layout of panels of rolled materials should ensure compliance with the values of their overlap when gluing.
The mastic should be applied in a uniform continuous, without gaps or stripe layer in accordance with the project. When the panels are point-glued to the base, the mastic should be applied after the panels are rolled out at the locations of the holes.
2.15. When installing roll insulation or roofing using adhesives, hot mastics should be applied to the primed base immediately before gluing the panels. Cold mastics (adhesives) should be applied to the substrate or panel in advance. Between the application of the adhesive and the gluing of the panels, technological breaks must be observed to ensure strong adhesion of the adhesive to the base.
Each layer should be applied after the mastics have hardened and a firm adhesion to the base of the previous layer has been achieved.
2.16. When installing roofs, sheets of roll materials should be glued:
in the direction from low to high areas with the location of the panels along the length perpendicular to the water drain with roof slopes up to 15%;
in the direction of the flow - with roof slopes of more than 15%.
Cross-sticking of insulation and roof panels is not allowed. The type of sticker of the rolled carpet (solid, strip or dotted) must correspond to the project.
2.17. When gluing, insulation and roof panels should be laid with an overlap of 100 mm (70 mm across the width of panels of the lower layers of the roof of roofs with a slope of more than 1.5%).
2.18. When installing insulation or roofing, glass cloth must be spread, laying without the formation of waves, immediately after applying hot mastic and covered with mastic with a thickness of at least 2 mm.
Subsequent layers should be laid in the same way after the mastic of the lower layer has cooled.
2.19. Temperature-shrinkage joints in screeds and joints between floor slabs must be covered with strips of rolled material up to 150 mm wide and glued on one side of the seam (joint).
2.20. In places where it adjoins the protruding roof surfaces (parapets, pipelines, etc.), the roofing carpet should be raised to the top of the screed edge, glued on mastic with filling of the upper horizontal seams. Bonding of additional layers of roofing should be performed after the installation of the top layer of the roof immediately after the application of the adhesive mastic in a continuous layer.
2.21. When gluing roofing carpet panels along the roof slope, the upper part of the lower layer panel should overlap the opposite slope by at least 1000 mm. The mastic should be applied directly under the roll to be rolled in three strips 80-100 mm wide. Subsequent layers must be glued on a continuous layer of mastic.
When gluing the panels across the roof slope, the upper part of the panel of each layer laid on the ridge should overlap the opposite roof slope by 250 mm and stick on a continuous layer of mastic.
2.22. When installing a protective gravel coating on the roofing carpet, it is necessary to apply hot mastic in a continuous layer 2-3 mm thick and 2 m wide, sprinkling immediately over it a continuous layer of gravel, free of dust, 5-10 mm thick. The number of layers and the total thickness of the protective coating must correspond to the design.
2.23. When installing roll insulation and roofing, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of table. 3.
Table 3
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
when applying all formulations, me water-based formulations, not should exceed: concrete cement-sand, gypsum and gypsum sand any reason when applying water-based formulations Application temperature hot The thickness of the layer of mastics when gluing Thickness of one layer of insulation, mm: |
Before the 20 ° C 10% |
Measuring, technical cue inspection, not less than 5 measurements evenly on every 50-70 m2 base registration Measuring, period- Measuring, technical |
Installation of insulation and roofs made of polymer and emulsion-bitumen compositions
2.24. When installing insulation and roofing from emulsion-mastic compositions, each layer of the insulating carpet must be applied continuous, without breaks, of uniform thickness after the primer or the base layer has hardened.
2.25. When installing insulation and roofing made of polymer compositions such as "Rooflit" and "Venta", they must be applied with high-pressure units that ensure the density, uniform thickness of the coating and the adhesion strength of the coating to the base not less than 0.5 MPa. When using cold asphalt emulsion mastics, the supply and application of the compositions should be carried out by units with screw pumps (mechanical action), which ensure the adhesion of the coating to the base not less than 0.4 MPa.
2.26. When installing insulation and roofing from emulsion-mastic compositions reinforced with fiberglass fibers, their application should be carried out with units that ensure the production of fibers of the same length, uniform distribution in the composition and density of the insulating coating.
2.27. When installing insulation and roofing made of polymer and emulsion-mastic compositions, the requirements of table must be observed. 3. Roof abutments should be arranged similarly to rolled roofs.
Insulation device from cement mortars, hot asphalt mixtures, bitumen perlite and bitumen claydite
2.28. Bituminous perlite, bitumen claydite, cement mortars, hot asphalt mixtures with a surface slope of up to 25% must be laid on lighthouse battens in strips 2-6 m wide in layers of uniform thickness (no more than 75 mm) with compaction and smoothing of the layer surface.
Each layer must be applied after the previous one has hardened.
2.29. When installing cement waterproofing from mortars using waterproof expanding cements (WRC), waterproof nonshrinking cements (VBC) or Portland cement with sealing additives, the compositions should be applied to the surface of the base moistened with water.
Each subsequent layer should be applied no later than 30 minutes (when using VRC and VBC compounds) or no more than a day (when using compounds on Portland cement with sealing additives) after the previous layer has hardened.
Cement waterproofing within two days after application (1 hour when using VBC and VRC) must be protected from mechanical stress.
2.30. Moistening of cement waterproofing during hardening should be carried out with a sprayed jet of water without pressure when using the following compounds:
VRC and VBC - 1 hour after application and every 3 hours during the day;
on Portland cement with sealing additives - 8-12 hours after application, and then 2-3 times a day for 14 days.
2.31. When installing insulation from bitumen perlite, bitumen claydite, waterproofing from cement mortars and hot asphalt mixtures, mastics and bitumen, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of Table. 4.
Table 4
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Permissible deviations of the surface ty (when checking a two-meter rail): horizontally vertically plane of the element from a given Mobility of formulations (mixtures) without |
5 mm No more 2 cm |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements for every 50 - 100 m2 surface or on a smaller area di in places defined visual inspection Measuring, not less than 3 Measuring, period- |
Thermal insulation works using soft, rigid and semi-rigid fibrous products and the device of thermal insulation cover shells from rigid materials
2.32. When constructing cover casings made of flat or corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, their installation and fastening must correspond to the project.
When carrying out work on the construction of thermal insulation cover shells made of rigid and flexible (non-metallic) materials, it is necessary to ensure a tight fit of the shells to the thermal insulation with reliable fastening using fasteners and careful sealing of flexible shell joints with their gluing in accordance with the project.
On pipelines with a diameter of up to 200 mm, fiberglass should be laid spirally, on pipelines with a diameter of more than 200 mm - in separate sheets in accordance with the requirements of the project.
2.33. Installation of heat-insulating structures and cover shells should be started from unloading devices, flange joints, curved sections (bends) and fittings (tees, crosses) and carried out in the direction opposite to the slope, and on vertical surfaces - from the bottom up.
2.34. When installing thermal insulation from rigid products laid dry, a gap of no more than 2 mm between the products and the insulated surface must be ensured.
When gluing hard products, the temperature of the mastics must meet the requirements of table. 3.
The fixing of products to the base must correspond to the project.
2.35. When installing thermal insulation of pipelines using soft and semi-rigid fibrous products, it is necessary to ensure:
compaction of heat-insulating materials according to the design with a compaction coefficient for soft fibrous products no more than 1.5, for semi-rigid - 1.2;
tight fit of products to the insulated surface and to each other; with insulation in several layers - overlapping of longitudinal and transverse seams;
dense spiral laying of insulation with cords and bundles with a minimum deviation relative to the plane perpendicular to the pipeline axis, and winding in multilayer structures of each subsequent layer in the direction opposite to the turns of the previous layer;
installation on horizontal pipelines and fastening devices to prevent sagging of thermal insulation.
Thermal insulation device made of slabs and bulk materials
2.36. Insulation materials when installing thermal insulation from slabs should be placed on the base tightly to each other and have the same thickness in each layer.
When installing thermal insulation in several layers, the seams of the slabs must be staggered.
2.37. Heat-insulating bulk materials must be sorted into fractions before laying. Thermal insulation must be arranged along the lighthouse slats in strips 3-4 m wide with the laying of bulk insulation of smaller fractions in the lower layer.
Layers should be laid with a maximum thickness of 60 mm and compacted after laying.
2.38. When installing thermal insulation from plate and bulk materials, the requirements of table must be observed. 5 and.
Table 5
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Permissible moisture content of the bases should not exceed: from prefabricated "monolithic Thermal insulation from piece materials - Monolithic and slab heat-insulating Insulation plane deviations: The size of the ledges between the tiles and |
5...+10%, 0,2 % |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements for every 50-70 m2 of coating surface, work log Measuring, for each |
Table 6
Installation of roofs made of piece materials
2.39. When installing wooden bases (lathing) under roofs made of piece materials, the following requirements must be observed:
the joints of the crate should be staggered;
the distances between the elements of the crate must correspond to the design;
in places where eaves, gutters and valleys are covered, as well as under roofs from small-piece elements, the base must be made of boards (solid).
2.40. Piece roofing materials should be laid on the lathing in rows from the eaves to the ridge according to the preliminary marking. Each overlying row should run over the underlying one.
2.41. Wavy asbestos-cement sheets of ordinary profile and medium-wavy must be laid with an offset of one wave in relation to the sheets of the previous row or without offset. Sheets of reinforced and unified profiles must be laid in relation to the sheets of the previous row without displacement.
When laying sheets without shifting to a wave at the junction of four sheets, it is necessary to trim the corners of two middle sheets with a gap between the abutting corners of sheets VO 3-4 mm and sheets SV, UV and VU - 8-10 mm.
2.42. Asbestos-cement sheets VO and SV should be fastened to the crate with slate nails with a galvanized head, sheets UV and VU - with screws with special grips, flat sheets - with two nails and a wind button, outer sheets and ridge parts - in addition with two anti-wind brackets.
Insulation and roofing parts made of metal sheets
2.44. Metal waterproofing should be arranged with sheet welding in accordance with the project. After welding, the filling of the cavities behind the insulation should be injected with the compound under a pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa.
2.45. When installing metal roofs, parts and abutments made of metal sheets of any kind of roofs, the joining of pictures located along the water drain must be carried out with recumbent folds, except for ribs, slopes and ridge, where the pictures should be connected with standing folds. With roof slopes less than 30 °, the recumbent seam should be double and coated with red lead putty. The amount of bending of pictures for the device of recumbent folds should be taken 15 mm; standing folds - 20 mm for one and 35 mm for another, adjacent picture.
Fastening pictures to the base must be carried out with clamps passed between the folds of the sheets, and T-shaped crutches.
Requirements for finished insulating (roofing) coatings and structural elements
2.46. Requirements for finished insulating (roofing) coatings and structures are given in table. 7.
Table 7
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Full drainage over the entire surface roofs must be go on the outside and inside drains without stagnant water Adhesion to the substrate Heat resistance and compositions of mastics The arrangement of panels and metal Bubbles, blisters, air bags, Upon acceptance of finished insulation and |
- Retreats No more Retreats |
Technical inspection, act acceptance Measuring, 5 measuring Technical inspection, act Measuring, 5 measuring Technical inspection, act |
3. Finishing work and protection of building structures and technological equipment from corrosion (anti-corrosion work)
General Provisions
3.1. Finishing work, with the exception of facades, must be carried out at a positive temperature of the environment and the surfaces to be trimmed not lower than 10 ° C and an air humidity of not more than 60%. This temperature in the room must be maintained around the clock, at least 2 days before the start and 12 days after the end of work, and for upholstery work - before the facility is put into operation.
3.2. Work on the application of protective coatings should be performed at an ambient air temperature and protected surfaces not lower than, ° С:
10 - for paint and varnish protective coatings from compositions prepared on the basis of natural resins; mastic and putty coatings from silicate compounds; pasting protective coatings using bitumen roll materials, polyisobutylene plates, Butylcor-S plates, duplicated polyethylene; rubber coatings; facing and lining coatings using acid-resistant silicate putties and bituminol mastics; for acid-resistant concrete and silicate polymer concrete;
15 - for paint and varnish reinforced and unreinforced continuous coatings from compositions prepared on the basis of synthetic resins; mastic coatings and sealants from compositions based on synthetic rubbers and nairite; coatings from sheet polymeric materials; facing and lining coatings using putties such as "Arzamit", "Furankor", as well as polyester, epoxy resins and resins with epoxy additives; for coatings made of polymer concrete and polymer-cement coatings;
25 - for coatings from the "Polan" composition.
3.3. Finishing work should be carried out in accordance with the project for the production of work (PPR) for the construction of buildings and structures. Before the start of finishing work, the following work must be performed:
the finished premises are protected from atmospheric precipitation;
waterproofing, heat and sound insulation and leveling floor screeds are arranged;
sealed seams between blocks and panels;
the joints of window, door and balcony blocks were sealed and insulated;
glazed skylights;
embedded products were installed, tests of heat and water supply and heating systems were carried out.
Plastering and cladding (according to the project) of surfaces in the places of installation of embedded products of sanitary-technical systems must be performed before starting their installation.
3.4. Before finishing the facades, the following work must additionally be performed:
external waterproofing and roofing with details and abutments;
installation of all floor structures on balconies;
installation and fixing of all metal pictures of the edging of architectural details on the facade of the building;
installation of all downspout fixing devices (according to the project).
3.5. Anti-corrosion work should be performed in accordance with the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85 "Protection of building structures and structures from corrosion".
3.6. When preparing and preparing finishing and anti-corrosion compounds, the requirements of table must be observed. eight.
Table 8
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Plaster solutions should be walk without residue through the net with cell sizes, mm: for spraying and soil - 3 "cover layer and a single layer ny coatings - 1.5 Solution mobility - 5 Delamination - more than 15% Water holding capacity - not Bond strength, MPa, not Aggregate size for deco Terrazite mixtures The glass must go to the object Putties: adhesion strength, MPa: Putty coating after drying Painting and wallpaper materials |
1.5 mm 1 mm 2 mm 2 mm According to the project According to |
Measuring, period- cichesky, 3-4 times per shift, work log The same for each party The same, in laboratory facilities The same, at least 3 measurements The same, at least 5 measurements Technical inspection Measuring, period- The same, at least three times |
Surface preparation
3.7. Finishing and protective coatings on surfaces with rust, efflorescence, grease and bitumen stains are not allowed. Wallpapering is also not allowed on surfaces that have not been cleaned of whitewash.
3.8. Dusting surfaces should be done before applying each layer of priming, gluing, plastering, paint and protective compounds, plasters and glass putties.
3.9. The strength of the bases must be no less than the strength of the finishing coating and correspond to the design.
3.10. Protruding architectural details, junctions with wooden stone, brick and concrete structures should be plastered on a metal mesh or braided wire attached to the base surface; wooden surfaces - on shingles.
3.11. The internal surfaces of stone and brick walls, erected by the freezing method, should be plastered after thawing the masonry from the inside by at least half the wall thickness.
3.12. When painting and wallpapering, the quality of the prepared substrates must meet the following requirements:
surfaces when painting with oil, glue, water-based compositions and wallpapering should be smoothed, without roughness;
surface cracks are opened, primed, filled with putty to a depth of at least 2 mm and sanded;
shells and irregularities are primed, putty and smoothed;
exfoliation, drips of solution, traces of treatment with trowels are removed;
the seams between the sheets of dry gypsum plaster and the areas adjacent to them are primed, putty, sanded flush with the surface or treated with rustication (in accordance with the project), and when wallpapering, they are additionally pasted over with strips of paper, gauze, etc.;
when pasting the surfaces with wallpaper, the painting of the ceilings has been completed and other painting work has been done.
Substrates prepared for painting, pasting with synthetic wallpaper on a paper and fabric basis, as well as with an adhesive composition applied at the factory must meet the requirements of Table. 9. The surfaces of all fasteners located under cardboard, paper or directly under wallpaper must be pre-coated with an anti-corrosion agent.
3.13. When facing surfaces, the quality of prepared substrates must meet the following requirements:
walls must have a load of at least 65% of the design load with the internal and 80% with the external facing of their surface, with the exception of walls, the facing of which is carried out simultaneously with the masonry;
concrete surfaces and surfaces of brick and stone walls, laid out with fully filled joints, must have a notch;
the surfaces of the walls laid out in a washer must be prepared without notching them with filling the joints with mortar;
any surfaces must be cleaned, rinsed before facing, and moistened to a matte shine before applying an adhesive layer from a solution and other aqueous compounds;
before cladding in rooms, it is necessary to paint the ceilings and wall planes above the surface to be faced. Before cladding the walls with sheets and panels with front finishing, also arrange hidden wiring.
3.14. When preparing facing and other types of surfaces in the production of finishing work, the requirements of table must be observed. 9.
Table 9
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Plastered surfaces 1 m), mm: with simple plaster - 3 the same, improved - 2 the same, high quality - 1 uneven surfaces smoothly Deviations of window and door deviations the same, improved - 2 the same, high quality - 1 Radius deviations of curved lines Deviation of rods from a straight line in The surfaces of prefabricated panels and panels wooden surfaces under the When arranging paint coatings |
No more than 15 Also not Up to 10 mm on No more than 8% Before the |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurement control two-meter rail on 50-70 m2 surface or on a separate site smaller area in places identified by a solid visa physical examination (for ironwork - not less than 5 by 35-40 m and three per item), work log The same, except for measurements (3 Measuring, not less than 5 Measuring, not less than 3 |
Plastering and stucco work
3.15. When plastering brick walls at an ambient temperature of 23 ° C and above, the surface must be moistened before applying the solution.
3.16. Improved and high-quality plaster should be carried out on beacons, the thickness of which should be equal to the thickness of the plaster coating without a cover layer.
3.17. When installing single-layer coatings, their surface should be leveled immediately after applying the mortar, in the case of using trowels - after it has set.
3.18. When installing a multi-layer plaster coating, each layer must be applied after the previous one has set (the covering layer - after the mortar has set). Leveling the soil should be carried out before the mortar begins to set.
3.19. Sheets of gypsum plaster must be glued to the surface of brick walls with compositions corresponding to the design ones, located in the form of marks, 80x80 mm in size on an area of at least 10% along the ceiling, floor, vertical plane angles every 120-150 mm, in the intervals between them at a distance of no more 400 mm, along the vertical edges - in a continuous strip. Sheets should be fastened to wooden bases with nails with wide heads.
3.20. Installation of stucco products from plaster should be done after setting and drying of the base from plaster solutions. Architectural details on the facade must be secured to the reinforcement embedded in the wall structure, previously protected from corrosion.
3.21. In the production of plastering work, the requirements of table. 10.
Table 10
Technical requirements |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Allowable thickness of one-layer plaster, mm: when using all types of solutions, except for gypsum wow - up to 20, from gypsum solutions - up to 15 Allowable thickness of each layer for the device |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements for 70-100 m2 of surface coverage or in one room smaller area in locations identified solid visual inspection, log works Measuring, not |
Painting works
3.22. The painting work on the facades should be carried out with the protection of the applied compositions (up to their complete drying) from direct exposure to sunlight.
3.23. In the production of painting work, the surface should be completely putty only with a high-quality painting, and with an improved one - for metal and wood.
3.24. The putty from low-shrinkage compositions with polymer additives must be leveled immediately after application with grinding of individual areas; when applying other types of putty compounds, the surface of the putty should be sanded after it dries.
3.25. Surfaces must be primed before painting with paint compounds, except for organosilicon ones. The priming must be done in a continuous, even layer, without gaps and breaks. The dried primer should have a strong adhesion to the base, not flake off when stretched, there should be no traces of the binder on the tampon attached to it. Painting should be done after the primer has dried.
3.26. Paints must also be applied in a continuous layer. The application of each paint composition should begin after the previous one has completely dried. Fluting or trimming of the paint composition should be done according to the freshly applied paint composition.
3.27. When painting plank floors, each layer, except for the last one, must be sanded to remove the gloss.
3.28. In the production of painting work, the requirements of table must be observed. eleven.
Table 11
Technical requirements |
Limit nye deviation niya, mm |
Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
Permissible thickness of layers of painter foot cover: putties - 0.5 mm paint coating - not less 25 microns The surface of each layer is painter- |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements on 50-70 m2 surface coverage or in one smaller room ra, after a solid visual inspection, work log The same, on 70-100 m2 of surface coverage (when illuminated nii electric lamp with a reflector having a knot forging a slit, a ray of light, directing parallel painted surface should not form shadow spots) |
Production of decorative finishing works
3.29. When decorative finishing with compositions with fillers, the surface of the base must be unsmooth; putty and sanding of rough surfaces is not allowed.
3.30. When finishing surfaces with decorative pastes and terrasite compounds, each layer of multilayer decorative coatings must be performed after the previous one has hardened, without grinding the front surface.
3.31. When installing finishing coatings from decorative pastes on plaster instead of a cover layer, the work should be carried out in compliance with the rules for the device of a cover layer of plaster coatings.
3.32. Decorative finishing with terrazite compounds should be performed in a single layer, in compliance with the requirements for the device of single-layer plaster coatings.
3.33. When finishing surfaces with decorative chips, it must be applied over a wet adhesive layer. The applied crumb should have a strong (not less than 0.8 MPa) adhesion to the base and form a continuous, without gaps, coating with a snug fit of the crumb to each other.
Before applying the hydrophobizing composition, the surface must be cleaned with compressed air.
3.34. When arranging decorative finishing coatings, the requirements of table. 12.
Table 12
Technical requirements |
Limit nye deviation niya,% |
Control (method, volume, type of registration) |
The amount of embedding in the adhesive interlayer of decorative chips should be 2/3 of its size Adhesion of decorative chips with Acceptable thickness of decorative |
10 | Measuring, not less than 5 measurements on 80-70 m2 surface coverage in places where manifested by continuous visual inspection, work log The same, at least 5 measurements The same, at least 5 measurements |
Wallpaper production
3.35. When priming the surface under the wallpaper, the adhesive composition should be applied in a continuous uniform layer, without gaps and drips, and kept until thickening begins. An additional layer of adhesive layer should be applied along the perimeter of window and door openings, along the contour and in the corners of the surface to be trimmed with a strip 75-80 mm wide at the moment the base layer begins to thicken.
3.36. When gluing the bases with paper in separate strips or sheets, the distance between them should be 10-12 mm.
3.37. Sticking of panels of paper wallpaper should be done after they have swollen and impregnated with an adhesive.
3.38. Wallpaper with surface density up to 100 must be overlapped, 100-120 and more - back to back.
3.39. When joining overlapping panels, wallpapering of surfaces must be carried out in the direction from the light openings without arranging joints of vertical rows of panels at the intersections of the planes.
3.40. When pasting surfaces with synthetic wallpaper on a paper or fabric basis, the corners of the walls must be pasted over with a whole sheet. Glue spots on their surface must be removed immediately.
The vertical edges of adjacent panels of textovinit and films on a fabric backing should overlap the width of the previous panel with an overlap of 3-4 mm when gluing. Trimming overlapping edges should be done after the adhesive layer has completely dried, and after removing the edge, additionally apply glue in the places where the edges of adjacent panels are glued.
3.41. When gluing pile wallpaper, the panels should be smoothed in one direction when gluing.
3.42. When pasting surfaces with wallpaper, the formation of air bubbles, stains and other contaminants, as well as adhesion and delamination, is not allowed.
3.43. When wallpapering the premises, until the wallpaper is completely dry, it is necessary to protect it from drafts and direct exposure to sunlight with the establishment of a constant humidity regime. The air temperature when drying the pasted wallpaper should not exceed 23 ° C.
Glass works
3.44. Glazing works should be carried out at a positive ambient temperature. Glazing at negative air temperatures is allowed only if it is impossible to remove the bindings, when using putty heated to at least 20 ° C.
3.45. When glazing metal and reinforced concrete bindings, metal glazing beads must be installed after laying the rubber gaskets in the rebate.
3.46. Fastening of glass in wooden bindings should be carried out using glazing beads or pins with filling the folds of the binding with putty. The glass should overlap the folds of the bindings by no more than 3/4 of the width. The putty should be applied in a uniform, continuous layer, without tears, until the fold of the binding is completely compacted.
3.47. Docking glass, as well as the installation of glass with defects (cracks, gouges more than 10 mm, indelible stains, foreign inclusions) when glazing residential buildings and objects of cultural and domestic purposes are not allowed.
3.48. Fastening of UV, frosted, frosted-patterned, reinforced and colored glass, as well as tempered glass in window and door openings, should be carried out in the same way as sheet, depending on the binding material.
3.49. The installation of glass blocks on a solution should be carried out with strictly constant horizontal and vertical joints of constant width in accordance with the project.
3.50. Installation of glass panels and assembly of their fittings should be carried out in accordance with the project.
Facing works
3.51. Surface cladding must be carried out in accordance with the PPR in accordance with the project. The connection of the cladding field with the base must be carried out:
when using facing plates and blocks larger than 400 in size and more than 10 mm thick - by fastening to the base and filling the space between the facing and the wall surface (sinuses) with a solution or without filling the sinuses with solution when the facing is removed from the wall;
when using slabs and blocks of 400 or less in size, no more than 10 mm thick, as well as when facing horizontal and inclined (no more than 45%) surfaces with slabs of any size - on mortar or mastic (in accordance with the project) without additional attachment to the base;
when facing with embedded slabs and facing bricks simultaneously with masonry walls - on masonry mortar.
3.52. Cladding of walls, columns, pilasters of interiors of premises should be performed before floor covering.
3.53. Cladding elements on an adhesive layer of mortar and mastic must be installed in horizontal rows from bottom to top from the corner of the cladding field.
3.54. The mastic and adhesive layer solution should be applied evenly, without drips, in a layer before installing the tiles. Small-sized tiles on mastics or mortars with retarders should be installed after applying the latter over the entire area to be faced in one plane when the mastics and solutions with retarders thicken.
3.55. Finishing of the site and the entire surface of the interior and facade with facing products of different colors, textures, textures and sizes should be carried out with the selection of the entire pattern of the facing field in accordance with the project.
3.56. Cladding elements when using natural and artificial stone of polished and polished texture must be dry mated, adjusting the edges of adjacent slabs selected according to the pattern with fastening according to the project. The seams of the slabs must be filled with mastic after filling the sinuses with a solution and hardening it.
3.57. Plates with a polished, dotted, bumpy and grooved structure, as well as with a "rock" type relief, must be installed on a mortar; vertical joints should be filled with mortar to a depth of 15-20 mm or with sealant after the adhesive layer has hardened.
3.58. The seams of the cladding must be even, of the same width. When facing walls erected by the freezing method, filling the joints of facing from embedded ceramic slabs must be performed after thawing and hardening of the masonry mortar with loads on the walls of at least 80% of the design.
3.59. The filling of the sinuses with the solution must be done after the installation of a permanent or temporary fastening of the lining field. The mortar should be poured in horizontal layers, leaving a space of 5 cm to the top of the cladding after pouring the last layer of the mortar.
The solution poured into the sinuses, during technological breaks exceeding 18 hours, should be protected from moisture loss. Before continuing work, the unfilled part of the sinus must be cleaned of dust with compressed air.
3.60. After facing, the surfaces of slabs and products must be immediately cleaned of the influx of mortar and mastic, while: the surfaces of glazed, polished and polished slabs and products are rinsed with hot water, and polished, dotted, bumpy, grooved and "rock" types are treated with 10% - solution of hydrochloric acid and steam using a sandblaster.
3.61. Surfaces from sawing slabs of soft rocks (limestone, tuff, etc.), as well as protruding more than 1.5 mm edges of slabs with polished, ground, grooved and dotted surfaces must be respectively sanded, polished or hacked down to obtain a clear contour of the edges of the slabs.
3.62. In the production of facing work, the requirements of Table 13 must be observed.
Table 13
Technical requirements | Limit deviations, mm |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Glue layer thickness, mm: from solution - 7 "mastics - 1 Veneered surface internal - 1.5 deviation of the location of the seams from Allowable profile mismatches Irregularities in the plane (with control Deviations in the width of the facing seam: |
+8 +1 No more than 4 No more than 5 0,5 2 |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements on 70-100 m2 surface or on a separate area of a smaller areas in places identified continuous visual examination, the journal of bot The same, at least 5 measurements Measuring, not less than 5 |
Installation of suspended ceilings, panels and slabs with front finishing in building interiors
3.63. The installation of suspended ceilings must be carried out after installation and fastening of all elements of the frame (in accordance with the project), checking the horizontal plane of its plane and compliance with the marks.
3.64. Installation of slabs, wall panels and suspended ceiling elements should be carried out after marking the surface and starting from the corner of the facing plane. Horizontal joints of sheets (panels) not provided for by the project are not allowed.
3.65. The surface plane lined with panels and slabs must be flat, without sagging at the joints, rigid, without vibration of panels and sheets and delamination from the surface (when gluing).
3.66. When installing suspended ceilings, panels and slabs with front finishing in the interiors of buildings, the requirements of Table 2 must be observed. 14.
Table 14
Technical requirements | Limit deviations, mm |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Finished cladding: maximum ledges between plates and panels, and also slats (suspended ceilings kov) - 2 mm Deviation of the plane of the entire field Deviation of the direction of the joint |
- 7 for the whole |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements for 50-70 m2 surface or individual plots of smaller area di revealed by solid visual inspection, work log |
Requirements for finished coatings
3.67. Requirements for finished finishes are shown in Table 15.
Table 15
Technical requirements |
Limit nye deviation niya,% |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
The adhesion strength of the coating from the piece round compositions and sheets of dry gypsum plaster, MPa: internal plastered surfaces tei - not less than 0.1 external plastered surfaces - 0,4 Unevenness of the plastered surface Dry plastering sheets Molded products Horizontal and vertical deviations Offset of axes separately located The sealed joints should not be noticeable Acceptance of finishing coatings is necessary Surfaces painted with paint-free Surfaces painted with varnishes must In places of mating surfaces, painted When wallpapering, surfaces must In the production of glass works: Glass blocks installed on a solution, Surfaces lined with blocks, pl- Decoration (facing) of walls with sheets with |
- 10 to |
Measuring, not less than 5 measurements per 50-70 m2 surface cover or on the area di individual plots, identified by continuous visual inspection, acceptance certificate Measuring, not Technical inspection, Technical os- Technical inspection, Technical inspection, Technical inspection, |
Note.
Anti-corrosion coatings of building structures and technological equipment must meet the requirements of SNiP 3.04.03-85.
4. Floor arrangement
General requirements
4.1. Prior to the commencement of works on the construction of floors, measures for stabilization, prevention of heaving and artificial consolidation of soils, lowering of groundwater, as well as adjoining to expansion joints, canals, pits, gutters, ladders, etc. should be carried out in accordance with the project. Elements of the bordering of the coating must be completed before its installation.
4.2. The subgrade under the floors must be compacted in accordance with SNiP 3.02.01-87 "Earthen structures, foundations and foundations". Vegetable soil, silt, peat, as well as bulk soils with an admixture of construction waste under the subsoil are not allowed.
4.3. The device of floors is allowed at an air temperature in the room, measured in the cold season near door and window openings at a height of 0.5 m from the floor level, and laid floor elements and materials to be laid - not lower than, ° С:
15 - when installing coatings from polymeric materials; this temperature must be maintained for 24 hours after the end of work;
10 - when constructing floor elements made of xylene from mixtures that include liquid glass; this temperature must be maintained until the laid material acquires the strength of at least 70% of the design;
5 - when installing floor elements using bituminous mastics and their mixtures, which include cement; this temperature must be maintained until the material acquires a strength of at least 50% of the design;
0 - when installing floor elements from soil, gravel, slag, crushed stone and from piece materials without gluing to the underlying layer or on sand.
4.4. Before installing floors, in the construction of which products and materials based on wood or its waste, synthetic resins and fibers, xylolite coatings are incorporated, plastering and other work related to the possibility of wetting the coatings must be performed in the room. When installing these floors and in the subsequent period before putting the object into operation, the relative humidity in the room should not exceed 60%. Drafts are not allowed indoors.
4.6. Work on the construction of asphalt concrete, slag and crushed stone floors should be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.06.03-85 (Section 7).
4.7. Requirements for materials and mixtures for special types of floors (heat-resistant, radiation-resistant, non-sparking, etc.) must be specified in the project.
4.8. Subbases, screeds, connecting layers (for ceramic, concrete, mosaic and other tiles) and monolithic coatings on a cement binder should be under a layer of permanently moist water-retaining material for 7-10 days after installation.
4.9. Standard operation of xylolite floors, made of cement or acid-resistant concrete or mortar, as well as from piece materials laid on layers of cement-sand or acid-resistant (on liquid glass) mortar, is allowed after the concrete or mortar has acquired the design compressive strength. Pedestrian traffic on these floors can be allowed not earlier than the acquisition by concrete of monolithic coatings of compressive strength equal to 5 MPa, and by the solution of the interlayer under piece materials - 2.5 MPa.
Preparation of underlying floor elements
4.10. Dedusting the surface must be performed before applying primers, adhesive layers for roll and tile polymer coatings and mastic compositions for continuous (seamless) floors to the surface.
4.11. The priming of the surface layer should be performed on the entire surface without gaps before applying building mixtures, mastics, adhesives, etc. (based on bitumen, tar, synthetic resins and aqueous dispersions of polymers) to the underlying element with a composition corresponding to the material of the mixture, mastic or glue.
4.12. Moistening of the surface layer of floor elements made of concrete and cement-sand mortar should be carried out before laying building mixtures of cement and gypsum binders on them. Moistening is carried out until the final absorption of water.
Construction of concrete underlays
4.13. Preparation, transportation and laying of concrete mixtures must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.03.01-87 "Supporting and enclosing structures" (Section 2).
4.14. When performing concrete underlays using the vacuum method, the requirements of Table 1 must be observed. sixteen.
Table 16
Screed device
4.15. Monolithic screeds made of concrete, asphalt concrete, cement-sand mortar and prefabricated screeds made of fiberboard must be carried out in compliance with the rules for the construction of the same pavement.
4.16. Self-leveling gypsum and porous cement screeds should be laid immediately to the design thickness specified in the project.
4.17. When installing screeds, the requirements of table. 17.
Table 17
Technical requirements |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Screeds laid on soundproofing pads kam or backfill, in places of abutment to walls and partitions and other structures, it is necessary to live with a gap of 20-25 mm wide at full thickness screeds and fill with similar soundproofing material: monolithic screeds must be insulated from the walls and partitions with strips of waterproofing materials riyals End surfaces of the laid section of monolithic Smoothing the surface of monolithic screeds should Sealing the joints of prefabricated wood fiber screed Laying of additional elements between prefabricated screeds |
Technical, everyone junction points, work log Visual, at least The same, the entire surface Technical, everyone Technical, everyone |
Soundproofing device
4.18. Loose soundproofing material (sand, coal slag, etc.) must be free of organic impurities. It is prohibited to use backfills made of dusty materials.
4.19. The gaskets should be installed without adhesion to the floor slabs, and the slabs and mats should be dry or glued on bituminous mastics. Soundproofing pads under the logs should be laid along the entire length of the log without breaks. Tape gaskets for prefabricated screeds of size "per room" should be located in continuous strips along the perimeter of the premises close to the walls and partitions, under the joints of adjacent slabs, and also inside the perimeter - parallel to the larger side of the slab.
4.20. When installing sound insulation, the requirements of table must be observed. eighteen.
Table 18
Technical requirements | Limit deviations |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
The size of the loose soundproofing onny material - 0.15-10 mm Moisture content of bulk material The width of the soundproofing pads |
- No more 0.1 m |
Measuring, not less three measurements for every 50-70 m2 backfill, log works Measuring, not less The same, at least three of |
Waterproofing device
4.21. Wrapping waterproofing using bitumen, tar and mastics based on them should be performed in accordance with Sec. 2, and polymer waterproofing - according to SNiP 3.04.03-85.
4.23. The surface of the bituminous waterproofing before laying on it coatings, interlayers or screeds, which include cement or liquid glass, should be covered with hot bitumen mastic with dry coarse sand embedded in it in compliance with the parameters of Table. nineteen.
Table 19
Requirements for intermediate floor elements
4.24. The strength of materials hardening after laying must be no less than the design strength. Permissible deviations for the construction of intermediate floor elements are given in table. twenty.
Table 20
Technical requirements | Limit deviations, mm |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Gaps between the control two- meter rail and checked surface the surface of the floor element should not us to exceed, mm, for: soil bases - 20 sand, gravel, slag, crushed stone and adobe sub- subfloor layers - 15 gluing waterproofing and under coatings on a layer of hot whose mastics - 5 concrete sub-layers coverings of other types - 10 screeds for polyvinyl coverings cetate, linoleum, roll- based on synthetic fibers, parquet and polyvinyl chloride boards - 2 screeds for coverings made of slabs other types, end checkers and bricks laid on hot mastic, poly- vinyl acetate-cement concrete coverings and under waterproofing - 4 screeds for coverings of other types pov - 6 Deviations of the element plane from horizontal or given slope by - 0.2 of the corresponding size premises |
- No more |
Measuring, not less five measurements for every 50-70 m2 of floor surface or in the same room smaller area in places identified by visual control, work log Measuring, not less |
Monolithic coating device
4.25. Monolithic mosaic coatings and coatings with a hardened surface layer, arranged over the concrete underlying layers, should be carried out simultaneously with the latter by embedding decorative, reinforcing and other bulk materials into the freshly laid evacuated concrete mixture.
4.26. When installing monolithic coatings, the requirements of table. 21.
Table 21
Technical requirements |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Maximum size of crushed stone and gravel for concrete coatings and marble chips for mosaic, irrigation nyl acetate-cement-concrete, latex-cement concrete ton coatings should not exceed 15 mm and 0.6 coating thickness Marble chips: Concrete and mosaic mixtures, which do not contain Cutting monolithic coverings into separate maps is not Hard mixtures must be compacted. Sealing Grinding of coatings should be carried out according to Surface impregnation of coatings with fluates and |
Measuring - in cooking process leaching mixtures is not less than three measurements for one batch placeholder, log works The same, not less The same, one measurement Visual, throughout Visual, throughout Measuring, not Technical, all |
Installation of coatings from slabs (tiles) and standardized blocks
4.27. Slabs (tiles) of cement-concrete, cement-sand, mosaic-concrete, asphalt concrete, ceramic, stone-cast, cast iron, steel, natural stone and standardized blocks should be laid immediately after the installation of a connecting layer of mortar, concrete and hot mastics. Embedding of plates and blocks into the interlayer should be carried out using vibration; in places inaccessible for vibration heating - manually. Finish laying and embedding the plates and blocks before the mortar starts to set or the mastic hardens.
4.28. The main requirements that must be met when installing coatings from plates and blocks are given in table. 22.
Table 22
Technical requirements |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Porous slabs (concrete, cement-sand, mo- zaichny and ceramic) before laying on the interlayer ku from a cement-sand mortar should be loaded in water or in an aqueous solution of the surface active substances for 15-20 minutes The width of the joints between tiles and blocks must not Mortar or concrete protruding from the seams must The backing material must be applied to the back |
Technical, not re- same four times in shift, work log bot Measuring, not Visual, throughout Visual, not re- |
The device of coatings from wood and products based on it
4.29. Logs for coverings should be laid across the direction of light from windows, and in rooms with a certain direction of movement of people (for example, in corridors) - perpendicular to the movement. The logs should be joined together close to each other with their ends anywhere in the room with a displacement of the joints in adjacent logs by at least 0.5 m. Between the logs and walls (partitions), a gap of 20-30 mm must be left.
4.30. In floors on ceilings, the surface of the lag should be leveled with a layer of sand with tamping it under soundproofing gaskets or logs along their entire width or length. The logs should touch the sound insulation layer, floor slabs or sand leveling layer with the entire bottom surface, without gaps. Tamping wooden wedges or pads under the logs to align them or supporting the logs on wooden pads is prohibited.
4.31. Under the logs, located on posts in the floors on the ground, wooden gaskets should be laid on two layers of roofing tar, the edges of which should be released from under the gaskets by 30-40 mm and fastened to them with nails. The joints of the lag should be located on the posts.
4.32. In the doorways of adjacent rooms, a widened log should be installed, protruding beyond the partition by at least 50 mm on each side.
4.33. Planks, parquet boards, joined together by side edges in a tongue, and parquet boards - with dowels, must be tightly pulled together. The reduction in the width of the coating products during rallying should be at least 0.5%.
4.34. All planks should be attached to each log with nails 2-2.5 times longer than the thickness of the coating, and parquet boards - with nails 50-60 mm long. Nails should be driven obliquely into the face of the planks and into the base of the bottom cheek of the groove on the edges of parquet boards and parquet boards with embedding of caps. Driving nails into the front surface of parquet boards and parquet boards is prohibited.
4.35. The joints of the ends of the planks of planks, the joints of the ends and side edges with the ends of adjacent parquet boards, as well as the joints of the edges of adjacent parquet boards parallel to the logs should be placed on the logs.
4.36. The joints of the ends of the coating boards should be covered with a board (frieze) 50-60 mm wide, 15 mm thick, embedded flush with the coating surface. The frieze is nailed to the log with nails in two rows with a step (along the log) of 200-250 mm. Docking of the ends without overlapping with a frieze is allowed only in two or three wall boards; joints should not be opposite doorways and should be located on the same log. When joining parquet boards, as well as parquet boards with sawn edges, a groove should be made on some of them, on others - a ridge corresponding to those on the other edges.
4.37. Superhard fiber boards, type-setting and block parquet should be glued to the base with fast-hardening mastics on waterproof binders used in a cold or heated state. Glue mastic on the base for superhard fiberboard should be applied in strips of 100-200 mm wide along the perimeter of the boards and in the middle zone with an interval of 300-400 mm. When laying out and cutting wood fiber boards, joining four corners of the boards at one point is not allowed.
4.38. When constructing coatings from wood and products based on them, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of table. 23.
Table 23
Technical requirements |
Limit nye deviation niya,% |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
All logs, boards (except for the front side us), wooden spacers, laying lined by columns for lags, as well as wood under the base of wood lamellar slabs should be antiseptic drew The moisture content of the materials should not exceed The length of the joining lags should not be The distance between the axes of the lag, laying The length of the boards joined by the ends of the The thickness of the adhesive layer for the set - Bonding area: fibreboards - not less |
- 18 |
Visual, all material- fishing, certificate of examination of hidden works Measuring, not less Measuring, not less Measuring, not less Technical, with trial |
Polymer coating device
4.39. Linoleum, carpets, roll materials made of synthetic fibers and polyvinyl chloride tiles, before gluing, must stand until the waves disappear and completely adhere to the base; they must be glued to the underlying layer over the entire area, except for the cases specified in the project.
4.40. Trimming of joined panels of rolled materials must be done no earlier than 3 days after the main gluing of panels. The edges of the abutting linoleum panels must be welded or glued after cutting.
4.41. In areas of heavy pedestrian traffic, the device of transverse (perpendicular to the direction of traffic) seams in coverings made of linoleum, carpets and roll materials made of synthetic fibers is not allowed.
4.42. When constructing coatings made of polymeric materials, the requirements of table must be observed. 24.
Table 24
Technical requirements |
Limit nye deviation niya,% |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Weight moisture content of interfloor panels slabs in front of the device nim coatings made of polymer materials should not exceed,%: screeds based on cement, poly- The thickness of the adhesive layer must When the device is solid (seamless) |
4 | Measuring, not less five dimensions is equal to approximately for every 50-70 m2 coating surface, work log Measuring, not less |
Requirements for the finished floor covering
4.43. The basic requirements for finished floor coverings are given in table. 25.
Table 25
Technical requirements |
Control (method, volume, registration type) |
Deviations of the coating surface from the plane at check with a two-meter control rail should not exceed, mm, for: earthen, gravel, slag, crushed stone, clay bit coatings and coatings from paving stones - 10 asphalt concrete coatings, on a sand interlayer, end, from cast iron plates and bricks - 6 cement-concrete, mosaic-concrete, cement-sand, polyvinyl acetate-concrete, metal-cement ny, xylolite coatings and coatings from acid heat-resistant and heat-resistant concrete - 4 coatings on a layer of mastics, end, from cast iron and steel plates, bricks of all types - 4 coatings from cement-concrete slabs, cement-sand vats, mosaic concrete, asphalt concrete, ceramic mineral, stone, slag-ceramic - 4 polyvinyl acetate, board, parquet flooring and coverings made of linoleum, roll based on synthetic synthetic fibers, made of polyvinyl chloride and superhard fibreboard - 2 Steps between adjacent products of piece coatings materials should not exceed for coatings, mm: from paving stones - 3 brick, end, concrete, asphalt-concrete, cast iron and steel plates - 2 from ceramic, stone, cement-sand, mosaic-concrete, slag-glass slabs - 1 boardwalk, parquet, linoleum, polyvinylchlor- solid and superhard fiber boards, PVC plastic - not allowed Steps between coatings and edging elements Deviations from the specified slope of the coatings - 0.2% Deviations in coating thickness - no more than 10% When checking the adhesion of monolithic coatings and coatings Clearances should not exceed, mm: Gaps and gaps between skirting boards and floor covering or The surface of the coating should not have potholes, |
Measuring, not less than nine measurements rhenium for every 50-70 m2 surface these coatings or in one room smaller area, acceptance certificate Measuring, not The same, at least five- Technical, simple Measuring, not Visual, throughout The same, the entire surface |
In accordance with the Rules for the development, approval, publication, amendment and cancellation of sets of rules approved by the Government of the Russian Federation of July 1, 2016 N 624, subparagraph 5.2.9 of paragraph 5 of the Regulation on the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation, approved by the decree Of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 18, 2013 N 1038, paragraph 53 of the Plan for the development and approval of codes of practice and updating of previously approved building codes and regulations, codes of practice for 2016 and the planning period until 2017, approved by order of the Ministry of Construction and Housing utilities of the Russian Federation dated March 3, 2016 N 128 / pr, I order:
1. To approve and put into effect in 6 months from the date of publication of this order the attached SP 71.13330.2017 "SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulating and finishing coatings".
2.From the date of entry into force of JV 71.13330.2017 "SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulating and finishing coatings", SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulating and finishing coatings" approved by the decree of the State Construction Committee of the USSR dated December 4, 1987 No. 280 and registered by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology on July 18, 2011 as SP 71.13330.2011.
3. Within 15 days from the date of issuance of the order, the Department of Urban Planning and Architecture shall send the approved SP 71.13330.2017 "SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulation and finishing coatings" for registration to the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization.
4. The Department of Urban Development and Architecture shall ensure the publication on the official website of the Ministry of Construction of Russia in the information and telecommunication network "Internet" of the text approved by SP 71.13330.2017 "SNiP 3.04.01-87 Insulation and finishing coatings" in digital form within 10 days from the day of registration of the set of rules by the national body of the Russian Federation for standardization.
5. Control over the implementation of this order shall be entrusted to the Deputy Minister of Construction, Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation Kh.D. Mavliyarova.
Mandatory when finishing and repairing an apartment, between the customer and the contractor there are controversial issues regarding the quality of the finishing work performed. The client claims that the quality is not very good, but the contractor claims the opposite. Such disputes could be eternal if there were no building codes.
So, building codes and regulations, which have passed the test of time and approved by the state, help to resolve the controversial issue of the quality of finishing work. In technical language, these are standards - SNiP and GOST.
Here I have collected the most common standards for the quality of work performed when decorating apartments. All permissible deviations, slopes and irregularities can be seen below and finally make out the situation - who is right and who is not! In my work, when repairing an apartment, I fully adhere to all building codes and approvals. SNiPs and GOSTs for repairs and finishing works
Permissible deviations for finishing works SNiP 3.04.01-87
"Floors" SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 4.24 p. 4.43 | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 4.43 | |
Thickness deviation from design - no more | 10 % |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 4.24; SP 29.13330.2011 "Floors" p.8.13 | |
Screed for parquet, laminate, linoleum (as well as according to SP 29.13330.2011 "Floors" - coatings on an adhesive layer based on cement): clearance when checking with a 2-meter lath | 2 mm |
Screed for waterproofing: clearance when checking with a 2-meter rail - no more | 4 mm |
Screed for other surfaces: clearance when checking with a 2-meter rail - no more | 6 mm |
Screed: deviations from the specified horizontal, no more than the size of the room (in total, no more than 50 mm) | 0.20 % |
The screed must be free from potholes, bulges and cracks. The presence of "hair" cracks is allowed. | |
In the absence of adhesion of the screed or ceramic tiles to the underlying base (determined by tapping), such areas should be shifted. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 4.38 | |
Block parquet: gluing area of the plank - not less | 80 % |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 4.43 | |
Block parquet: deviation from the specified slope no more than the size of the room (in general, no more than 50 mm) | 0.20 % |
Block parquet: deviation from the plane by 2 m - no more | 2 mm |
Block parquet: the gaps between adjacent block strips - no more | 0.3 mm |
Block parquet: when laying block parquet, the ledges between adjacent planks do not burst. | |
05/20/2011 - The updated set of rules of the joint venture 29.13330.2011 "Floors" was put into effect. This set of rules, clause 1.4 contains an indication that construction and installation work for the manufacture of floors must be carried out in accordance with SNiP 3.04.01. | |
"Plastering works" - SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.12 | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.12 | admittance |
The current standards in force imply three types of plaster - simple, improved and high quality. | |
Plaster is simple | |
Permissible deviation from the vertical by 1 m of length (no more than 15 mm at the height of the floor) | 3 mm |
Permissible deviation from the horizontal by 1 m of length (no more than 15 mm at the height of the floor) | 3 mm |
Improved plaster- look: plastering the walls along the lighthouses |
|
Permissible deviation from the vertical by 1 m of length (no more than 10 mm at the height of the floor) | 2 mm |
Permissible deviation from the horizontal by 1 m of length (no more than 10 mm at the height of the floor | 2 mm |
The number of irregularities of a smooth outline per 4 m2 at a depth of up to 3 mm - no more | 2 |
Humidity of the underlying base (stone, brick) - no more | 8% |
Slopes (door, window) - the difference in width from the design indicators with improved plaster - no more | 3 mm |
High quality plaster | |
Permissible deviation from the vertical by 1 m of length (no more than 5 mm at the height of the floor) | 1 mm |
Permissible deviation from the horizontal for 1 m of length (no more than 5 mm for the height of the floor) | 1 mm |
"Painting works" - SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.22 - 3.28 | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.12 | |
Painting work: moisture content of the plastered or plastered base - no more | 8% |
Surfaces must be smoothed without roughness. | |
When wallpapering surfaces, the painting of the ceilings and other painting work must be completed. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.28 | |
Painting work: coating thickness - not less | 25 microns |
The surface of each layer of the paint coating with improved and high-quality internal painting with anhydrous compositions should be even, without paint smudges, and not have a jagged structure. | |
Based on the results of the work, ensure the uniformity and uniformity of the painted surfaces: without spots, splashes, smudges, wrinkles. | |
Do not allow the underlying paint layers to show through. | |
"Wallpaper" SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.35 - p. 3.67 | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.12 - p. 3.67 | |
Permissible residual moisture content of the base - no more | 8% |
0.5 mm | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.35 | |
When priming the surface under the wallpaper, the adhesive composition should be applied in a continuous uniform layer, without gaps and smudges, and kept until thickening begins. An additional layer of adhesive layer should be applied along the perimeter of window and door openings, along the contour and in the corners of the surface to be trimmed with a strip 75 - 80 mm wide at the moment the base layer begins to thicken. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.36 | |
When gluing the bases with paper in separate strips or sheets, the distance between them should be 10 - 12 mm. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.37 | |
Sticking of panels of paper wallpaper should be done after they have swollen and impregnated with an adhesive. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.38 | |
Wallpaper with a surface density of up to 100 g / m2 must be glued with an overlap, 100 - 120 g / m2 and more end-to-end. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.39 | |
When joining overlapping panels, wallpapering of surfaces must be done in the direction from the light openings without arranging joints of vertical rows of panels at the intersections of the planes. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.40 | |
When pasting surfaces with synthetic wallpaper on a paper or fabric basis, the corners of the walls must be pasted over with a whole sheet. Glue spots on their surface must be removed immediately. | |
When gluing, the vertical edges of adjacent panels of textile vinyl and films on a fabric backing should overlap the width of the previous panel with an overlap of 3 - 4 mm. Trimming overlapping edges should be done after the adhesive layer has completely dried and after removing the edge, additionally apply glue in the places where the edges of adjacent panels are glued. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.41 | |
When gluing pile wallpaper, the panels should be smoothed in one direction when gluing. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.42 | |
When pasting surfaces with wallpaper, the formation of air bubbles, stains and other contaminants, as well as adhesion and delamination, is not allowed. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.43 | |
When wallpapering the premises, until the wallpaper is completely dry, it is necessary to protect it from drafts and direct exposure to sunlight with the establishment of a constant humidity regime. The air temperature when drying the pasted wallpaper should not exceed 23 degrees C. | |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.67 | |
Permissible deviation of wallpaper edges (not noticeable from a distance of 3 m) | 0.5 mm |
The distance between the joints of the wallpaper should not exceed | 0.5 mm |
The presence of air bubbles, stains, gaps, adhesion and delamination, as well as wallpapering of skirting boards, switches and sockets is not allowed. | |
Provide an accurate fit to the pattern. | |
Horizontal and vertical seams should be of the same type, one-row and uniform in width. | |
"Doors and other" SNiP 3.03.01-87 | |
Based on TR 105-00 (technical recommendations for the installation of window and door blocks) clause 3.10 | |
SNiP 3.03.01-87 p. 3.10 | |
Permissible vertical and horizontal deviation for 1 m of length, but not more than 3 mm for the height of the door | 1.5 mm |
Interior door distance from the floor | 5 mm |
The door to the bathroom (bathroom) distance from the floor | 12 mm |
SNiP 3.03.01-87 p. 3.12 | |
When installing blocks between the box and the wall, it is necessary to arrange gaps. The width of the gaps should be set taking into account the possibility of compensating for temperature deformations and filling the joints with heat-insulating and sealing materials. | |
Installation of the window sill: the slope of the upper surface is not less than | 1 % |
"Facing with ceramic tiles" SNiP 3.04.01-87, 88 |
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SNiP 3.04.01-87 p. 3.62 | |
Permissible deviations from the vertical for 1 m of length (maximum for a floor of 4 mm) | 1.5 mm |
Permissible unevenness of the plane at 2 m | 2 mm |
Permissible deviations of the seams from the vertical and horizontal for 1 m of length | 1.5 mm |
Permissible deviation of the seam width from the one provided by the project | +/- 0.5mm |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 3.67 | |
Horizontal and vertical seams must be of the same type, one-row and uniform in width | |
Allowable chips in the seams - no more | 0.5 mm |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 4.24 | |
Permissible deviation in thickness of the coating from the design no more | 10 % |
SNiP 3.04.01-87 clause 4.43 | |
When checking with a 2-meter rail, the clearance is not more than | 4 mm |
Ledges between rows of laid tiles, no more than | 1 mm |
Deviations from the horizontal are not more than the specified value from the size of the room (but not more than 50 mm) | 20 % |
Width of seams - no more | 6 mm |
When compiling this table of norms and tolerances, the following regulatory documents were used for the production of apartment finishing, household repairs and interior decoration of premises in the apartment: SNiP 3.04.01-87 "Insulation and finishing coatings"; The set of rules of the joint venture 29.13330.2011 “Floors. SNiP 2.03.13-88 ".