D 58 to 76 wiring means. Accounting for financial investments
Account number 58 of accounting "Financial investments" is used to systematize data on the company's investments in public and private securities, authorized capital firms. The same account records information about loans provided to other enterprises.
Analytical accounting for the 58th account is carried out by types of assets and by objects in which these assets are invested.
What sub-accounts can be opened for the 58th account
Accounting rules provide for the opening of subaccounts to account 58.
For example:
- "Shares and Shares" - 58-1;
- Debt securities - 58-2;
- "Granted loans" - 58-3;
- "Contributions under a simple partnership agreement" - 58-4, etc.
Maintaining subaccount 58-1
Subaccount 58-1 is intended to systematize data on investments in shares of JSC ( joint stock companies), capital of other firms, etc. The following subaccount is used to analyze investments in private and public debt assets (for example, in bonds).
The investments made by the company must be displayed by the Debit of the 58th account and by the set of accounts on which the corresponding values are taken into account. For example, a company buys assets of other businesses for money. This fact is reflected in two records: for the D-that account 58 and for the K-that one of the accounts 51 or 52 "Settlement accounts", "Currency accounts".
How to subaccount 58-2
How to keep accounting for assets, for which the current is not determined market price?
In this case, the difference between the initial and nominal asset prices is evenly recorded on financial results the work of the company.
If it comes about a non-profit organization, the amount should be attributed to a decrease or increase in expenses. If you need to write off the difference between two asset prices, the accountant makes 3 entries at the same time.
The entries are as follows:
- "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" - D-t 76 (here the amount of income on assets is indicated);
- “Financial investments - K-t 58 (only part of the difference between the purchase and nominal value is indicated here);
- "Other income and expenses" - K-t 91 (the difference between the amounts attributed to the account 76 and 58).
If you need to additionally calculate the difference between the real and nominal asset prices, you also need to make three entries.
The accountant makes notes:
- D-t 76 (you need to indicate the amount of income received on securities);
- D-t 58 (for this account only the share of the difference between the two prices is taken into account);
- Kt 91 (the entire amount that was assigned to the 2 above accounts is recorded here).
The fact of the redemption of securities is recorded according to the D-that of the 91st account and the K-that of the account considered in this article. An exception to the rule is companies that account for such transactions using the Sales account (# 90).
The procedure for maintaining the subaccount "Provided loans"
Sub-account 58-3 takes into account the loans that the company issues legal and individuals.
The latter does not include employees of the organization itself. Loans that are secured by promissory notes must be accounted for separately. The loans provided are displayed at once by two records: for the D-that of the 58th account and for the K-that of the account corresponding to the provided resource. For example, if money is provided, you need to make an entry in the credit of the account "Current accounts" (No. 51). The repayment of the debt corresponds to the reverse entry - according to D-51 and the credit of the 58th account.
Maintaining subaccount 58-4
Subaccount 58-4 is intended for the analysis of contributions to the partnership. For example, a money investment is displayed by an entry in the debit of the 58th account and in the K-t of the 51st account or other account corresponding to the type of provided material values or assets. If the partnership agreement is terminated, the tangible assets are returned to the firm. The accountant makes the opposite entries.
To reflect generalized information about investments and deposits that organizations make in securities, they use account 58. In the article we will talk about the basic rules for using this account, and also consider in detail examples of reflecting transactions on account 58.
Account 58 in accounting: features of use
Account 58 is used by enterprises to reflect and analyze the amounts of investments and deposits in bonds, stocks, securities (both other organizations and government). When making a deposit, its amount is held at Debit 58, when it is written off - at Credit 58. Analytical accounting for account 58 is organized in the context of the types of operations reflected on it (shares, debt loans, deposits, coupon bonds, etc.).
Consider typical postings: (click to expand)
Account 58: account transactions by examples
In order to clearly understand all aspects of accounting for account 58, we use examples.
Account 58. Operations with the provision of loans
According to the agreement concluded on 01.08.2015, Spectr JSC provides Etude LLC with a loan on the following conditions:
- loan amount - 1,415,300 rubles;
- the term for the refund is 11/30/2015;
- interest for the use of borrowed funds - 28% per annum.
On the basis of the agreement, the accountant of Spektr JSC reflected the following operations:
Account 58. Accounting for bonds with coupon yield
Hidden text
- par value - 1241 rubles;
- purchase price - 1315 rubles.
The issuer of the bond is Megapolis JSC.
This bond is to receive two coupon payments, each of which is 15% of the bond value at par (1240 rubles * 15% = 186 rubles).
The accountant of Stolitsa JSC carried out the following operations in the accounting:
Debit | Credit | Description | Sum | Document |
58.2 | 51 | 1.315 RUB | Payment order, agreement | |
76 | 58.2 | Reflected the write-off of a part of the value of the bond upon receipt of a coupon yield ((1.315 rubles - 1.241 rubles) / 2) | RUB 37 | Contract |
76 | 91.1 | The amount of the difference between the coupon yield (accrued) and the cost of the bond (written off) was taken into account (186 rubles - 37 rubles) | 149 r | |
51 | 76 | RUB 186 | Bank statement | |
76 | 91.1 | RUB 1.241 | Contract | |
91.2 | 58.2 | RUB 1.241 | Contract | |
51 | 76 | RUB 1.241 | Bank statement |
If the agreement provided for the purchase of bonds at a price of 1063 rubles, then the entries in the accounting of Stolitsa JSC would be as follows:
Debit | Credit | Description | Sum | Document |
58.2 | 51 | The funds were transferred as payment for the purchased bond. The receipt of the purchased bond was taken into account | 1.063 RUB | Payment order, agreement |
58.2 | 76 | Reflected the additional accrual of part of the bond cost upon receipt of the coupon yield ((1.241 rubles - 1.063 rubles) / 2) | 89 RUB | Contract |
76 | 91.1 | The amount of yield on the bond was taken into account - the coupon yield (accrued) and the cost of the bond (additionally accrued) (186 rubles + 89 rubles) | RUB 275 | Agreement, accounting reference-calculation |
51 | 76 | Funds are credited as received coupon income | RUB 186 | Bank statement |
76 | 91.1 | The amount of debt of Megapolis JSC for the redeemed bond was taken into account | RUB 1.241 | Contract |
91.2 | 58.2 | The par value of the bond has been written off as an expense | RUB 1.241 | Contract |
51 | 76 | Funds from JSC "Megapolis" were credited on account of debt repayment | RUB 1.241 | Bank statement |
Account 58. Placement of foreign currency deposit
09/12/2015 between JSC "Kvartal" and Bank "Stolichny" concluded an agreement for the placement of a deposit:
- deposit amount - $ 54.300;
- placement period - 2 months;
- interest rate - 9.5% per annum.
The notional exchange rate of the US dollar was:
- as of 12.09.2015 - 61.47 rubles / dollar USA;
- as of September 30, 2015 - 61.72 rubles / dollar USA;
- as of 31.10.2015 - 61.66 rubles / dollar USA;
- as of 11/12/2015 - 61.22 rubles / dollar USA.
The accountant of Kvartal JSC reflected in the accounting the following entries:
Debit | Credit | Description | Sum | Document |
58 | 52 | Funds were credited to the account of replenishment of the deposit in foreign currency (54.300 USD * 61.47) | RUB 3.337.821 | Bank statement |
58 | 91.1 | The exchange rate difference (positive) resulting from the revaluation of the deposit as of 30.09.2015 was taken into account ((54.300 USD * (61.72 - 61.47) | RUB 13.575 | |
76 | 91.1 | Income reflected - interest accrued for 09/2015 ($ 54,300 * 9.5% / 365 days * 19 days * 61.72) | RUB 16.574 | Bank agreement |
91.2 | 58 | The exchange rate difference (negative) resulting from the revaluation of the deposit as of 31.10.2015 was taken into account ((54.300 USD * (61.72 - 61.66) | RUB 3.258 | Accounting reference-calculation, bank agreement |
91.2 | 76 | Adjusted for exchange rate difference (negative) resulting from interest revaluation for 09/2015 (($ 54,300 * 9.5% / 365 days * 19 days * (61.72 - 61.66) | RUB 16 | Accounting reference-calculation, bank agreement |
76 | 91.1 | Reflected income - interest accrued for 10/2015 ($ 54,300 * 9.5% / 365 days * 31 days * 61.66) | RUB 27.014 | Bank agreement |
91.2 | 58 | The exchange rate difference (negative) resulting from the revaluation of the deposit as of 12.11.2015 was taken into account ((54.300 USD * (61.66 - 61.22) | RUB 23.892 | Accounting reference-calculation, bank agreement |
91.2 | 76 | Adjusted for exchange rate difference (negative) resulting from interest revaluation for 10/2015 (($ 54,300 * 9.5% / 365 days * 31 days * (61.66 - 61.22) | 193 r | Accounting reference-calculation, bank agreement |
76 | 91.1 | Reflected income - interest accrued for 11/2015 ($ 54,300 * 9.5% / 365 days * 12 days * 61.22) | RUB 10.383 | Bank agreement |
52 | 58 | Reflected the amount of the return of the deposit - credited to the foreign currency account (54.300 USD * 61.22) | RUB 3.332.246 | Bank statement |
52 | 76 | Funds were credited to the foreign currency account to repay the debt on interest on the deposit (54.300 USD * 9.5% / 365 days * 62 days * 61.22) | RUB 53.643 | Bank statement |
Account 58. Accounting for transactions with bills
As of November 1, 2015, the debt of Revenge JSC to the heat energy supplier Teplovik amounted to RUB 12.954, VAT RUB 1.976. In November 2015, JSC “Revenge” purchased a promissory note from “Teplovik” at a price of 9.340 rubles. (par value - RUB 12.954). The promissory note was purchased to repay the debt of JSC “Revenge” to the company “Teplovik”, which was done on 30.11.2015.
The accountant of JSC "Revenge" made the following entries in the accounting:
Debit | Credit | Description | Sum | Document |
20 | 60 | The cost of heat energy consumed by JSC "Revenge" as of 01.11.2015 is taken into account (12.954 rubles - 1.976 rubles) | RUB 10.978 | Acts, receipts |
19 | 60 | Reflected the amount of VAT from the cost of consumed thermal energy | RUB 1.976 | Invoice |
68 VAT | 19 | VAT accepted for deduction | RUB 1.976 | Invoice |
58 | 51 | Reflected operation of purchase of a bill of exchange of the company "Teplovik" | RUB 9.340 | Contract |
76 | 91.1 | Promissory note "Teplovik" presented for payment | RUB 12.954 | Promissory note |
91.2 | 58 | The carrying (book) value of the promissory note is written off as an expense | RUB 9.340 | Promissory note |
60 | 76 | Reflected the operation of offsetting debts between "Revenge" and "Teplovik" | RUB 12.954 | Promissory note |
91.9 | 99 | The amount of profit received at the end of November 2015 (12.954 rubles - 9.340 rubles) was taken into account. | RUB 3.614 | Turnover balance sheet |
Financial investments"
58.1 - "Shares and Shares";
58.2 - "Debt securities";
58.3 - "Granted loans";
58.4 - "Contributions under a simple partnership agreement", etc.
PAY - the share of the capital of the company, which gives the right to participate in general meetings shareholders, to receive a dividend and part of the company's property during its liquidation. The item is expressed in a certain document - a certificate to which coupons for receiving dividends are attached.
SHARES - securities issued by a joint stock company, the holders of which are provided with all property and personal rights associated with the possession of a share: a) the right to receive dividends, depending on the size of the corporation's profit; b) the right to participate in the management of the corporation by voting at meetings; c) the right to receive part of the property after the liquidation of the corporation. The rights are exercised in proportion to the size of the shares.
D 58 K 51 - the occurrence of the object is reflected financial investments(when transferring or paying for this object from the current account);
D 58 K 76 - reflects the occurrence of debts to counterparties (if payment for financial investment objects will be made later than obtaining ownership of them, for example, in the case of securities).
D 91 K 58- reflected the negative difference between the purchase and the par value (or between the par and the purchase value) of the acquired debt securities.
On account 58, investments are accounted for by actual cost(in the amount of the costs incurred for their purchase).
Financial investments are the second in terms of liquidity after cash on hand and in settlement accounts.
Account 59 "Provisions for the depreciation of financial investments" is intended to summarize information on the availability and movement of reserves for the depreciation of financial investments of the organization.
The reserve is formed at the expense of financial results (as part of operating expenses), which is reflected accounting record on the debit of account 91 "Other income and expenses" and the credit of account 59 "Provisions for depreciation of financial investments". A similar entry is made with an increase in reserves in the event of a further decrease in the estimated value of financial investments.
The reserve is reduced (used) in the following cases: if the estimated value of the relevant assets in reporting period increased if their value is no longer subject to a sustained significant decrease, as well as upon disposal of these assets. In this case, an entry is made on the debit of account 59 "Provisions for depreciation of financial investments" in correspondence with the credit of account 91 "Other income and expenses".
Financial investments for which an allowance for impairment losses has been created are reflected in the financial statements at carrying amount less the amount of the provision. V balance sheet- net, when reflected in the asset, the difference between 58 and 59 accounts is reflected. Those. there is no account balance 59 in the liability!
Reserve for impairment of financial investments "(passive, contractual to account 58).
If we have a large number of shares of one company, and its shares have dropped sharply in price, we cannot reflect these changes on account 58, because this will distort the financial statements.
The allowance for impairment of financial investments is created by the following entry:
D 91.2 K 59
D 59 K 91.2 - the amount of the reserve has been restored
As soon as financial investments are disposed of, the corresponding amounts of the reserve are written off to other income of the enterprise (91.1).
The normative regulation of the accounting of bills is made by the “Regulations on promissory notes and bills of exchange” dated August 7, 1937.
When purchasing promissory notes, they are accounted for at the actual cost on account 58, the disposal is reflected through account 91.
D 60 K 91- we pay with a bill of exchange with the supplier.
If we purchased a promissory note with a face value of 1000 rubles, and with a discount it passed to us in fact for 900 rubles, then we will reflect the purchase price in the accounting - 900 rubles.
Upon disposal of this bill of exchange, we will make the postings:
D 60, 76 K 91.1 1000
D91.2 K 58 900
A credit balance of 100 rubles is formed, income tax is paid from them.
If we provide a loan, then we do the wiring:
D 58 K 51
If our main activity is the purchase and sale of financial investments, then income and expenses are attributed to account 90, otherwise - to account 91.
When transferring shares, bills, i.e. their disposal and implementation, the wiring is done:
D 90.1, 91.2 K 58
Do not wiring: D 60 K 58
D 76 K 91.1- interest accrued on loans is reflected;
If a loan is provided to an employee, then interest will be accrued to account 73.
D 73 K 91.1
If dividends were accrued to us on the objects of any financial investments, then we will reflect their receipt by posting:
D 51 K 91.1
58.4 - "Contributions under a simple partnership agreement"(joint activity of enterprises, which is carried out in the accounting records of one of the enterprises);
When depositing assets, account 58 is used.
Under a simple partnership agreement, cash from the current account:
D 58 K 51
Under the simple partnership agreement, the following materials have been introduced:
D 58 K 10
And if we bring them in at a higher price, then the transfer of materials will have to be reflected like this.
Account 58 "Financial investments" is intended for detailed accounting of the company's investments. What is related to financial investments? In what order is the account kept. 58? Let's look at typical examples and postings.
58 accounting account is ...
Regulatory requirements for the formation of data on financial investments in accounting are regulated by PBU 19/02. In accordance with clause 3 of this document, the following are recognized as investments of a legal entity:
- Securities (CB) of state and municipal structures.
- Other securities, including overdue (debt bonds, bills of exchange).
- Loans granted.
- Contributions to the authorized capital of enterprises, incl. subsidiary or dependent companies, under simple partnership agreements.
- Receivables transferred by assignment.
- Deposits.
- Other types.
Note! Investments in own securities are not considered financial investments; bills of exchange for payments for goods sold; precious metals, art objects, jewelry values; dr.
Thus, 58 count accounting- this is a collection of information on the movement of short-term (for a period of less than 1 year) and long-term (more than 1 year) investments of the enterprise on open subaccounts, depending on the need.
According to Order No. 94n of October 31, 00, account 58 "Financial investments" may have the following sub-accounts:
- Account 58. 1 - to reflect information on shares and shares.
- Account 58. 2 - to reflect information about debt securities.
- Account 58. 3 - to reflect information about loans provided to other companies.
- Account 58. 4 - to reflect information on deposits under contracts of simple partnership.
Account 58 - Active or Passive?
Placement of investments of the organization is carried out on the debit of account 58 in correspondence with cash or other accounts - 50,, 51,, 76, 75, 98,. The credit of account 58 reflects the return of loans, the excess of the purchase price of the Central Bank over the nominal value, the redemption and sale of the Central Bank, the return of assets on the deposits of a simple partnership and other operations. Correspondence is carried out with accounts - 52, 51, 76, 90, 80, 91, 99. The balance of the active account 58 shows the balance of the value of financial investments as of a given date.
Important! 58 account in the balance sheet is displayed together with the account. 73 and 55 (in terms of loans to staff and deposits) on lines 1170, 1240, depending on the period of validity minus the balance of the account. 59, where provisions for impairment of investments are made.
Count. 58 "Financial investments" - examples of transactions
To make the correspondence of account 58 more understandable, we will analyze practical examples:
Example 1
"On the transfer of fixed assets / funds as a contribution to the charter under a simple partnership agreement." Let's say the company paid for its share with the equipment. The market value is estimated at 400,000 rubles, the entry is D 58.4 K 76 for 400,000 rubles. under contract.
Accordingly, the object is written off from the balance sheet. When paying a deposit in cash, the entry is D 58.4 K 50, 51, 52.
Example 2
"By investments in debt securities". Suppose an organization has purchased shares for 100,000 rubles. The accountant will make the following postings:
D 58.1 K 51 per 100,000 rubles. - the purchase of shares is reflected.
D 58.1 K 91.1 for 700 rubles. - the increase in the share price is reflected. When decreasing, reverse wiring is performed D 91.2 K 58.1.
D 76 (62) K 91.1 for 120,000 rubles. - the sale of shares is reflected legal entity.
D 91.2 К 58.1 per 100,700 rubles. - the write-off of the current book value of the sold shares is reflected.
Example 3
"By providing a loan to a legal entity or employee."
The organization issued a loan to another enterprise for 500,000 rubles, the posting - D account 58.03 K 51. In this case, interest is accrued monthly at D 76 K 91.1,
and the repayment of the principal debt and interest-bearing liabilities is carried out by transferring funds to the account of the borrower D 51 K 58.03. If a loan is issued to an employee of an organization, it is more expedient to record all calculations through an account. 73.
Conclusion - we figured out how the 58th account is reflected in the balance sheet; found out what typical postings the movement of various financial investments of the enterprise is drawn up and what legislative documents regulate the accounting of investments.
Account 58 "Financial Investments" is intended to summarize information on the availability and movement of the organization's investments in government securities, shares, bonds and other securities of other organizations, authorized (joint) capitals of other organizations, as well as loans granted to other organizations.
Sub-accounts can be opened to account 58 "Financial investments":
- 58.1 "Shares and Shares"- the presence and movement of investments in shares of joint-stock companies, authorized (joint-stock) capitals of other organizations, etc. are taken into account.
- 58.2 "Debt securities"- the presence and movement of investments in public and private debt securities (bonds, etc.) are taken into account.
Financial investments made by the organization are reflected in the debit of account 58 "Financial investments" and the credit of the accounts on which the values to be transferred towards these investments are taken into account. For example, the purchase by an organization of securities of other organizations for a fee is posted on the debit of account 58 "Financial investments" and the credit of the account "Current accounts" or "Currency accounts".
For debt securities for which the current market value is not determined, the organization is allowed the difference between initial cost and the nominal value during the period of their circulation evenly, in proportion to the income due on them in accordance with the terms of the issue of income, to refer to the financial results of a commercial organization or a decrease or increase in the expenses of a non-commercial organization.
When writing off the amount of excess of the purchase value of bonds and other debt securities acquired by the organization over their par value, entries are made in the debit of the account "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" (for the amount of income due to receive on securities) and the credit of accounts 58 "Financial investments" (for part of the difference between the purchase and nominal value) and "Other income and expenses" (for the difference between the amounts charged to accounts "Settlements with different debtors and creditors" and "Financial investments").
When additional accrual of the amount of excess of the par value of bonds and other debt securities acquired by the organization over their purchase value, entries are made in the debit of accounts "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" (for the amount of income due to receive on securities) and 58 "Financial investments" (for part of the difference between the purchase and nominal value) and the credit of the account "Other income and expenses" (for total amount, attributed to accounts "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" and 58 "Financial investments").
Redemption (redemption) and sale of securities accounted for on account 58 "Financial investments" are reflected in the debit of the account "Other income and expenses" and credit of account 58 "Financial investments" (except for organizations that reflect these operations on the Sales account) ... - 58.3 "Granted loans"- the movement of cash and other loans provided by the organization to legal entities and individuals (except for employees of the organization) is taken into account. The loans provided by the organization to legal entities and individuals (except for the employees of the organization), secured by promissory notes, are accounted for on this sub-account separately.
The loans granted are reflected in the debit of account 58 "Financial investments" in correspondence with the account "Settlement accounts" or other relevant accounts. The return of the loan is reflected in the debit of the "Current accounts" account or other relevant accounts and the credit of account 58 "Financial investments". - 58.4 "Contributions under a simple partnership agreement"- the partner organization takes into account the presence and movement of deposits in common property under a simple partnership agreement.
The provision of a deposit is reflected in the debit of account 58 "Financial investments" in correspondence with the account "Settlement accounts" and other relevant accounts for accounting for the allocated property.
Upon termination of a simple partnership agreement, the return of property is reflected in the credit of account 58 "Financial investments" in correspondence with property accounts. - and etc.
Analytical accounting account 58 "Financial investments" is kept by types of financial investments and objects in which these investments were made (organizations - sellers of securities; other organizations in which the organization is a member; organizations-borrowers, etc.). Building analytical accounting should provide the ability to obtain data on short-term and long-term assets. At the same time, accounting for financial investments within a group of interrelated organizations, about whose activities a consolidated financial statements, is kept on account 58 "Financial investments" separately.