What foundation is needed for a one-story small house. How to make a foundation for a one-story house
You decided to build a house of brick, but you just can’t decide which foundation is best for this? In this case, you can’t rush, since reliability and durability will depend on the foundation. Find out what the basis for the brick single storey house fits best.
Advantages of the strip foundation
The strip foundation is most often used for a small house, while the material for its construction can be very different. Most often, concrete is used, but such a foundation can be brick.
The features of the construction of such a design is that when saving material (concrete pouring, for example, is carried out only on a tape), good load-bearing strength is achieved.
The stages of the construction are as follows:
- digging trenches to a depth of a meter;
- sand laying gravel pillows;
- installation of formwork from wooden panels and pouring concrete mix. Before further construction work it is necessary to waterproof the upper surface of the tape from roofing material.
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Pile foundation: terms of use
For a one-story brick, which has small dimensions, you can choose a pile foundation. This is a variety that applies only to frame, small garden and country houses. To do this, wells are excavated along the perimeter of the site and at the intersection of walls and partitions, at the bottom of which a sand cushion is laid. Further, metal pipes are lowered into these wells, asbestos in this case is better not to apply. After installation, the pipe cavity is completely poured with concrete, after which a dressing from a metal bar is performed from above, which will act as the foundation for the house.
The depth of the wells should be such that the pipes cut through all the soft rocks, abutting against strong. Installation is quick and inexpensive, even a brick house here almost does not shrink. But there are also disadvantages. The fact is that the bearing capabilities are small, a large cottage on such supports can never be placed! If you use brick for construction, then preference should be given to either a tape base or a slab one.
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Tile base under the house
It is best to put a brick one-story house on a base in the form of a reinforced concrete slab. This design is considered one of the most expensive, but the characteristics fully justify the cost. Putting a slab foundation is not so difficult, for this it is necessary to follow the following steps:
- first you need to prepare a building plot, dig a pit, the size of which corresponds to the building plot;
- a layer of a special non-woven material is laid on the bottom - geotextile, which is made in the form of a strong film that does not allow the earth and sand to mix with each other. This material should not have tears and damage;
- the next step is filling the sand cushion, after which the sand must be tamped;
- a PVC film is placed on top of the pillow, which minimizes possible moisture loss during concrete pouring. This is done so that the sand cannot absorb moisture from the concrete, since in this case, when it dries, it simply cracks and the foundation itself loses its strength;
- then a frame consisting of reinforcing metal rods is mounted, the slab is filled.
So that when pouring and drying in the concrete mass, voids do not form, it is necessary to compact with a vibrator.
This will remove all air bubbles from the mixture.
Such a foundation for a one-story house can withstand almost any load, sand in this case performs a layer of shock absorber to compensate for them. You can even finish building the second floor, arrange a basement. With strong movements of soils, the plate will not crack, it will not collapse. But for the foundation to fully perform its functions, it is necessary to take only high-quality materials.
The slab foundation also has a minus - this is the high cost of construction and the duration of the work. The amount of concrete will have to be spent a lot, but the quality and reliability all perfectly compensate for this.
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How to calculate the foundation for a one-story brick building?
In order for the brick one-story house to have a solid foundation, it is necessary to perform work on calculating the foundation before starting construction. General principles The calculations are as follows:
- first you need to decide on the construction of the foundation. The choice depends on the type of soil, the depth of soil water, climate, loads from a brick house. Even a single-story brick structure has considerable weight, which the base must withstand perfectly, correctly distributing all the loads on the ground;
- to determine the weight of a brick structure, it is necessary to find the specific weight of the bearing walls, partitions and ceilings, roofs. The resulting value is recommended to be taken with a margin, since finishing and facade materials, roofing materials, heaters, home furnishings will have their load;
- then it is necessary to determine the weight of the entire building, which includes not only the weight of the house, but also the foundation;
- the obtained value must be divided into the reference area, that is, to obtain the load value;
- only after this can we begin to calculate the volume of concrete for pouring, other materials that may be needed to build the foundation of a brick house.
For the construction of the foundation for the structure, not only concrete is used, but also brick, which should be full ceramic. If the slab base is constructed of reinforced concrete slabs, then the tape is better to make it from brick, which will not form cracks. The columnar foundation for a house of brick is rarely used, but it must be done from metal pipes that are poured with concrete. Support pillars made of brick or stone in this case cannot be used.
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Repair and Strengthening
Even over time, it begins to collapse under the influence of various external influences. The foundation for a brick one-story house was no exception. Therefore, over time, work is required to strengthen or repair the foundation. In order to correctly eliminate all destruction of the foundation, it is necessary to clearly determine the possible causes of this process:
- defects with. This reason is one of the most common, it lies in the fact that the standards for the construction of the foundation are not respected, materials of inadequate quality are used, or all the required calculations have not been made (or made incorrectly);
- human factor. This reason includes many different actions, but the most dangerous ones are flooding the base with tap water, and building additional floors. This is especially dangerous for the pile foundation, for which the calculation of the future load of the house on the foundation is so important;
- natural factor. There can be various reasons, ranging from heaving of the soil during frosts, a sharp subsidence of the soil and ending with the flooding of the territory.
Signs of damage to the foundation and the need to strengthen or repair it are:
- when there are obvious signs of destruction, for example, large cracks, potholes at ground level. Often, for testing, it is recommended to use beacons or a regular paper line that sticks across the cracks;
- if after 20-30 days the lighthouse is in its previous state, then only cosmetic repairs are required, for example, concreting, backfilling with broken bricks. But if the tape or the lighthouse is damaged and displaced, then work will have to be done to strengthen the foundation. In this case, you can only strengthen the tape yourself columnar base, for reinforced concrete slabs, the participation of specialists is necessary, otherwise the load-bearing walls of the house may be destroyed.
Often, repair work is limited to not so complicated actions, for example, the usual cementation of a gravel pillow. First you have to dig a hole, enter a pipe into it, through which a fairly liquid cement mortar is already fed. After this, it is necessary to monitor the condition for several hours. If the solution is completely absorbed, then the flow can be resumed after a couple of days. This procedure is repeated two to three times. After that, a lighthouse is put on the site of destruction for further observation.
If the solution does not absorb, then proceed to the next step. Along the damaged part of the base of the house, it is necessary to dig a trench with a depth of 35 cm. After that, metal, thick pins are driven into the foundation, the mesh is pulled. The ditch is completely poured with concrete, which is mixed with crushed stone of a fine fraction. This method of reinforcement allows you to strengthen only one specific wall, in which damage is observed. If necessary, it is recommended to invite a specialist for a preliminary examination and assessment, as otherwise the result may be unpredictable.
The depth of the foundation for a one-story house is one of the important criteria that determine the strength and performance characteristics of an object. Its value is determined based on engineering surveys, technical parameters of the building being built and the climate in a specific region. The designer has a difficult task - to create such a design drawing, which reflects the optimal ratio of the cost of the object to the cost of building materials in combination with its reliability and durability. Therefore, the calculation should be carried out by experienced professionals.
Why it is important to consider the depth of the foundation
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The construction of one-story objects by many non-specialists is carried out without calculating the depth of the foundation and height using generalized tabular values \u200b\u200btaken from SP 22.13330.2011.
Many people use them for the construction of a frame building, believing that since it has a minimum weight, many factors can be neglected.
For most cases, this is quite reasonable, and the selected parameters are enough to provide the necessary level of strength and reliability. However, quite often they do not take into account many factors that in a particular situation can play a negative role. An example is the laying of a buried strip or slab foundation in the ground with minimal bearing capacity (sandy loam or alumina), where the total mass of the structure is critical.
As a result, approximately 25-40% of the total cost of the object, which will not be justified, will be spent on the construction.
Exceeding or decreasing the margin of safety relative to its optimal value can have significant drawbacks that will reduce the life of a one-story house, especially a brick one. Therefore, it is important to correctly calculate the depth of the bookmark on the basis of SP 22.13330.2011.
Factors affecting the choice of foundation height
The height of the foundation of any type for a one-story house is determined taking into account the following criteria:
- Land features of the built-up area. If there is a slope, it will be necessary to deepen the base due to the action of shear forces and increased ascending or descending wind loads. Areas with seismic activity are also possible, requiring measures to calculate the safe depth of the bookmark to increase the stability of the object. To understand what design and what parameters the base will have, a complete calculation should be made based on geodetic data.
- Appointment, level of importance, as well as structural features of the building.
- The level of groundwater according to hydrogeological exploration.
- The presence of nearby buildings and types of foundations used. Buildings based on blocks or bricks create significant loads on the ground. This makes it impossible to build objects on the foundations of deep laying because of their possible destruction due to a decrease in the bearing characteristics of the soil. That is, you should select a suitable base device.
- The composition of the soil and the depth of the dense layers.
- Depth of freezing soil.
- Engineering geological exploration data: mechanical, physical and chemical properties of the soil, the presence of strata, various voids and other features of the site.
Many foundation projects involve not only the underground part, but also aboveground. Therefore, the total height of the base structure is made up of these two values. Moreover, their sizes are determined on the basis of different calculations. To determine what should be the height of the foundation above the ground, you need to evaluate possible conditions flooding of the site, taking into account wind loads, ensuring high-quality thermal insulation of the base, as well as the total weight of the object.
The height of the aerial part of the pile base frame house from a bar or blocks can in some cases be up to several meters. This is due to the relatively low weight of the structure, compared with brick or block buildings.
Thanks to this, it is possible to build one-story buildings on the water, in seismically active zones and on weak soils with minimal financial costs. In order to understand what specific length it should be, it is necessary to carry out appropriate calculations.
Calculation of the depth of the foundation of a single-story house
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The foundation for a one-story house should be laid at a depth that is below the level of soil freezing. The drawing must take this criterion into account and is made taking into account it.
The normalized freezing depth is determined on the basis of data obtained over the past 10 years for a particular region. The observation results are compared with GOST 25100, and then the line of transition of the plastic frozen ground to solid is determined.
If such data is not accessible or lost, then for regions with a freezing depth of up to 2.5 m it is allowed to perform the calculation according to the formula:
where Mt is a dimensionless coefficient, which is determined by the sum of all absolute temperature values \u200b\u200bbelow zero, according to SNiP 23-01. If there is no information on temperatures in regulatory documents, then you must contact the hydrometeorological center to obtain them;
d0 is a quantity depending on the type of soil in the area. You can take it from the joint venture 22.13330.2011.
If the freezing depth exceeds 2.5 m, then it is necessary to conduct thermal engineering calculations in accordance with SP 25.13330. Calculation of seasonal freezing of the soil is carried out according to the formula:
where kh is a dimensionless coefficient that takes into account the thermal regime for the external and internal structures of the base based on information about the heating of the building. It is determined according to Table 1 or taken equal to 1.1 for unheated rooms (with the exception of the northern regions where negative temperatures prevail throughout the year).
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The data in Table 1 are valid for cases when the distance between the wall and the edge of the foundation is less than half a meter, and if it is exceeded, the coefficients should be increased by 0.1. If the temperature falls between the tabular values, then take a value with a lower value.
The depth of the laying of the external or internal foundation for heated rooms with cold basements or technical rooms should be determined based on Table 2.
![](https://i0.wp.com/fundamentaya.ru/wp-content/uploads/Snimok-ekrana-2016-11-02-v-16.14.09.png)
The calculation of the depth of the foundation for a house of blocks or bricks with a basement is carried out according to the following formula:
where hs is the thickness of the soil above the sole of the base, when viewed from the basement;
hcf - basement floor thickness;
γcf is the specific gravity of the basement floor structure.
Watch a video on how to produce a self-scale base.
What should be the height of the foundation above the ground
The device of most types of foundations for a frame or brick house involves the presence of an aerial part. Its main purpose is to provide protection from atmospheric precipitation and temperature fluctuations of the bearing part of the structure, which is underground. How tall should it be? On the one hand, it is logical to increase the elevated part to protect the house itself, and on the other, it will be unprofitable to do this from a financial point of view.
It is recommended that a device of a tape base made of blocks or bricks or slabs for a frame or stone house with an elevation from the ground surface of more than 30 cm.This device will visually clearly separate the building from the foundation and improve the integrity of the object during operation under the negative influence of the external environment.
For regions with flooded areas or with increased rainfall, the upper part of the foundation should be 10 cm higher than the maximum level of flooding.
This fact must be taken into account and put the appropriate dimensions on the drawing of the house using reliable data for a specific building region. To simplify the task, you can see finished projects houses that are erected nearby. But it is recommended to double-check the accuracy of the calculations.
When building a frame house, they usually try to save on the foundation and make it out of timber. However, to provide additional protection against freezing and heaving, the height is much higher than when laying the base of blocks. The maximum allowable length is 30-40% of the total length of the piles, depending on the presence of compressive and tensile stresses in the soil, so that the foundation is not flooded with water.
If you plan to build a house of timber or brick on a foundation of blocks or a monolith, then you need to calculate taking into account the factor of subsidence of the soil under heavy load. In such cases, it is required to provide a margin of approximately 20-30% of the value taken taking into account the amount of precipitation. This will allow you to effectively deal with heaving and loose soils, as well as seasonal soil shifts.
Conclusion
The calculation of the foundation of a frame, brick or block one-story house should be carried out taking into account many different factors that have been described above. At the same time, it is important not to miss a single trifle, which can affect not only the strength characteristics of the facility, but also increase the financial costs of construction. This article describes the main criteria that affect the choice of height of the underground and aboveground parts of the base, as well as formulas and tables for calculations.
The underground base of the building is the most significant and important structural element. The life of the building, its thermal insulation characteristics, the level of humidity inside the premises and a healthy atmosphere depend on how correctly the calculations were made and how carefully the technologies were followed when laying the foundation.
Despite the apparent simplicity of the matter, the foundation for a one-story house should be carried out in strict accordance with design calculations and the use of calculation materials.
Depth of laying depends on the type of soil, mass of the structure
To determine how deep the foundation should be, it is necessary to study the operating conditions of the future building. The calculation of the technical characteristics of the base is made after:
- soil research at the construction site;
- the landscape has been studied or the construction spot has been cleared;
- a building plan has been drawn up with the definition of the area, weight of walls and floors.
At the stage of studying and collecting data about the location of the future building and the quality of the soil, it is imperative to determine the following parameters:
- soil type;
- average annual rainfall;
- groundwater flow rate;
- soil freezing depth;
- high-altitude differences in the relief of the site.
Given the design features of the house, its mass, the presence or absence of an underground or ground floor, choose the type of base and calculate at what depth to dig the foundation under the house.
Depending on climatic conditions, the size of the trench will vary.
The colder, the more serious you need to approach the issue of installing the foundation.
The depth of the foundation is always greater than the level of soil freezing: in the southern latitudes, a depth of 60 cm is sufficient, in the northern regions it will be necessary to dig at least 1.5 m.
Soil determination
There are several ways to determine the type of soil.
The type of soil has a significant effect on the depth of the foundation.
The table describes 5 types of soil:
This classification is included in the standards for testing the stability of underground foundations.
The degree of frost heaving is determined on the basis of the level of natural soil moisture and the position of groundwater during the period of freezing.
Depth of foundation for a garage, gazebo or other light building on heaving soils must be calculated especially carefully. If there is insufficient level of penetration or an error in the thickness of the base, soil with a high degree of frostiness during the freezing period will squeeze the base out of the ground.
Terrain and types of foundations
In addition to the type of soil, it is important to understand the evenness and uniformity of the relief on the building site. Grounds with a slope must be leveled.
If it is not possible to level, then the minimum depth of the foundation is calculated taking into account the lower point, and if large height differences are observed on the site, then the type of foundation is selected either mixed or pile.
In practice, there are 4 main types of building foundation device:
- columnar
- pile
- tape
- plate.
Column base
This type of foundation is good for a small budget.
Pillars as the basis for a house are the most budgetary solution, therefore, they are often used for garage construction or for a one-story summer house.
They are made of blocks, bricks or by pouring into formwork. Due to the use of technological materials, this type of base is time-saving.
At the base of each pillar is waterproofing and a sand cushion. The supporting elements are placed in places of the greatest vertical load: the corners of the house and the intersection of the bearing walls of the structure. It is very important that the pillars are strictly vertical. With this arrangement of the foundation, the depth of the foundation for a single-story house made of brick is not more than 0.8 m, of which 30 cm is a pillow and waterproofing, and 0.5 m is the height of the column.
Piles
What is a pile foundation? When this base is installed, metal pipes with a blade at the end are screwed into the ground like self-tapping screws. Piles simultaneously support the building and distribute the load on the soil from the weight of the structure. A blade at the end of the pile prevents the structure from being squeezed out of the soil during freezing and heaving.
Such a foundation arrangement is especially relevant in the northern regions, where due to climatic conditions, during winter freezing, the issue of squeezing out the heights of the foundations of light buildings and structures becomes acute. In such conditions, piles are suitable as a foundation for a garage and as a basis for a one-story brick house.
For light constructions, metal blade piles are used.
How to determine the depth of the foundation on piles? The method of punching determines the depth of freezing. The drill is screwed to such a depth that the blades are below the freezing level in dense layers of soil.
Piles can withstand loads of up to 330 Pa. In this case, the maximum pressure force during heaving is 0.2 Pa.
Metal paddles are suitable for the construction of lightweight buildings. The technology of bored piles has been developed for heavy buildings.
A huge advantage of such a foundation is that it is possible to carry out work on its foundation at any time of the year in any climatic conditions.
Strip foundation
The construction of the strip foundation is a monolithic, solid, inextricable concrete casting, usually with internal reinforcement.
The foundation is placed under all the walls of the building, including partitions bearing a vertical load. Along the perimeter, the base has the same cross-sectional dimensions.
The foundation tape forms a continuous contour.
Depending on the type of soil and the mass of the building, various shapes are filled:
- rectangular;
- trapezoidal;
- t-shaped.
The integrity and continuity of the base contour provides an even distribution of vertical and horizontal loads. This explains the strength, reliability and relevance of this type of foundation. In addition to the form of the base, it is important to determine at what depth to do the tape monolithic foundation. See this video for a detailed presentation on strip foundation technologies.
Shallow structure not suitable for heavy buildings
Depending on the weight of the building, the level of freezing of the soil, the location of groundwater and the type of soil, the depth and types of strip foundations can be different:
- shallow with a depth of not more than 0.6 m. A moving base subject to heaving phenomena of the soil is assumed to be a device. Not suitable as a basis for the construction of heavy buildings;
- buried - reinforced concrete monolithic skeleton laid below the level of soil freezing. Used for buildings with basements with a large mass.
Plate
The slab foundation can be mounted on any type of soil
Like tape, a monolithic slab can be buried or not. In the first case, the plate is poured into the pit and has high ribs. The main disadvantage of such a device is its high cost. But this is the only type of foundation that does not have restrictions on the type of soil.
How to calculate the depth of laying, and what should be the slab? The fullness of the soil does not affect the state of the building on this basis, so this distance is determined based on the operational requirements for the building. Read more about the foundation in this video:
A monolithic slab is a floating solid base and its device is possible even on marshy or peaty soils, where the level of groundwater is quite high.
The summary table shows the types of foundations, soil types and mass of the structure
Columnar | suitable for heaving soils | small-sized, light | ||
Pile | except rocks | suitable for non-porous soils | the device is allowed with a large freezing depth | any, without the device of the underground floor |
Tape | sand of large and medium fractions, coarse, cartilaginous | suitable for heaving soils | lungs | |
Monolithic plate | no limits | suitable for heaving soils | any heavy |
With mass development, the calculation of the depth of laying is carried out by specialists in design institutes. More often with individual self-development, the question arises: how to calculate the foundation for a garage, bathhouse or one-story cottage?
After receiving all the necessary data on the soil and weight of the building, the final calculation and determination of the depth of the foundation are performed.
Depth, being within the same limits, however, will always be different. On the same site, the foundation for a one-story or two-story brick house will differ significantly.
Each calculation is purely individual. If it is not possible to turn to specialists, you can enter data in an online calculator and find out the recommended sizes, adjusted for freezing depth. See more about calculations in this useful video:
- Any foundation is laid below the level of soil freezing by 10%. If the freezing value is set to 70 cm, then the depth of the pit under the base should be 77 cm.
- For loose soils in a temperate climate, it is better to use a tape base with a laying depth of 0.5 to 1 m.
- In northern areas with loosely soiled soils, a base deepened to 2 m is made.
- In swampy areas or on clay, the stove is an ideal option, and the depth of penetration can reach 2.5 m, which allows you to make a basement.
The basic rule in calculating the foundation: a competent and reliable foundation is the key to a long service life of the building. It is worth noting that busting in the building is also fraught with consequences, as well as savings. Dug below the necessary foundation pit will not give the house greater reliability, but will increase the consumption of materials and the area on which the negative impact of soil and groundwater will be provided.
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The foundation of the house is one of the most important elements of its construction. The future reliability and convenience of the entire building depends on it. As a solution to most construction issues, the depth of the foundation for a one-story house should be based on strict compliance with design documentation, characteristics of the materials used, economic feasibility and the budget of the developer. Soil quality, climatic conditions and other important factors are also of great importance.
What affects the depth of the foundation?
Determining the depth of the foundation approximately or “by eye” is unacceptable even for the simplest structure. Competent and accurate calculations based on the characteristics of the building itself and the environment are needed. For this, the following must be taken into account:
1- level of soil freezing;
2- soil quality and depth of its layers;
3- underground water flow;
4- the presence of a pillow of sand and gravel 10-30 cm thick under the foundation (this value must be taken into account when digging a trench);
5- design features of the house (the presence of a basement, basement);
7- weather and other external conditions;
8- selected type of foundation;
9- budget allocated for the construction of underground structures.
The level of freezing varies in different regions. So, in warm climatic conditions, a depth of 0.6 m will be sufficient, and in areas with more severe winters, the foundation will have to be deepened by at least 1.5 m.
Determination of the main soil parameters
The main soil parameters, on which the depth of the foundation depends, include the type of soil, the level of freezing and penetration of groundwater, and the terrain.
Establishment of soil type
To calculate the depth, you need to find out what type of soil is under the future house. Soils are:
- heaving (clay, loamy)
- slightly downy (mixed)
- non-porous (rocks, sand).
To find out the type of soil, you must provide a sample of it to specialists. Based on the result, you can make initial calculations. The most reliable are non-porous soils, as they can withstand any load. The optimal depth of the foundation for a one-story house on such soils is 0.5-1 m. On mixed soils, the base is recommended to be deepened by 0.8-1.3 m, on heaving soils - by 1.3-1.8 m.
Determination of groundwater and level of freezing
To find out the level of groundwater, you can also contact the appropriate specialists or determine it yourself by digging special wells in the place of the future home - pits.
They need to be deepened by 2-2.5 meters, which allows you to establish both the presence of groundwater and the depth of freezing of the soil.
Terrain Accounting
In addition to the indicated soil parameters, the terrain must also be taken into account. The easiest way is to lay the foundation on a flat surface. A plot with a slope should be evened out as much as possible or left as is, but the depth calculation should be performed from the lowest point.
Based on the results of the soil survey, a suitable type of future foundation is selected.
Foundation options for a one-story house
One-story houses are being erected on a tape, slab or columnar-pile foundation. For the lightest constructions, columnar and shallowly buried strip foundations are suitable. On heaving soils, plate and pile bases are preferable.
1. Strip foundations
There are two types of such a foundation:
- shallow - the maximum depth of the foundation for a one-story house is 60 cm. This implies a floating base, prone to heaving phenomena in the ground, which is located under the base of the foundation. This solution is not suitable for massive buildings with a large weight;
- buried - performed in the form of a monolithic reinforced concrete tape with a laying below the level of freezing of the soil. This option is used for homes with heavy construction.
2. Column-pile foundations
The simplest columnar foundations are usually used only for very light buildings. More massive buildings require the installation of bored or screw pile foundations.
3. Monolithic plates
This option is suitable for most cases and involves the laying of a monolithic slab with pouring into the pit or even without deepening into the ground. The main disadvantage of this reason is the very high cost.
After the final determination of the parameters of the soil and the type of foundation, a final calculation is performed, the results of which establish the optimal depth of the foundation for a one-story house.
Such a calculation is strictly individual, but its implementation requires compliance with the following recommendations:
- Any foundation should be laid 10% below the level of soil freezing. So, when freezing the soil at 100 cm, the trench should have a depth of 110 cm.
- On loose soils in a temperate climatic zone, it is most advisable to lay a shallow strip foundation (monolithic with a filled solution or prefabricated with ready-made blocks). On average, such a base has a depth of 45-100 cm.
- For mixed weakly grained soil in more severe winter latitudes, a 1-2-meter-deep foundation is more suitable.
- For a one-story brick house, the best option would be a buried strip foundation with reinforcing posts.
- On clay or marshy terrain, even under a house with a light construction, it is necessary to lay a monolithic slab base with piles. The depth of such a foundation can reach 2.5 meters.
Many developers prefer to solve various construction problems, guided by the principle of "in reserve". In other words, if, in accordance with all calculations, the sufficient depth of the foundation for a one-story house is 1 m, in reality to prevent possible problems digging a trench of 1.5 m. This precaution entails only extra costs.
In most regions, weather and all other natural conditions have not changed for thousands of years. Therefore, no unforeseen changes in this regard will happen. Therefore, even small deviations from the established norms will be absolutely unjustified. With the correct calculation, no “reserves" are required.
The main rule for determining the parameters of the foundation is as follows: the more competently the foundation is built, the less the house will be exposed to negative factors.
Depth of foundation for a one-story house
Today, do-it-yourself construction of a variety of non-residential buildings, as well as houses, country cottages, has become widespread.
Building a house has some difficulties due to many parameters that must be taken into account before planning the foundation, how long the house will stand idle depends on them.
Laying the foundation is the most important part of the construction, and its depth determines the strength of the entire further structure.
What determines the choice of depth
For any building, the depth cannot be simply determined by eye, many calculations are needed here, and first of all you need to pay attention to:
- groundwater flow rate;
- climatic features of the area in which the house will be located;
- soil freezing depth;
- general load of the building and building materials;
- selected type of foundation.
The first thing you need to know when calculating the depth of the foundation, it must be laid below the level of freezing of the earth, so that the foundation does not deteriorate during repeated freezing and thawing.
It should also be above the level of groundwater flow, which is a strong destructive force for the foundation.
An example of a finished design for a one-story house without a basement is presented below.
Types and varieties of soils
When calculating the depth, you need to immediately find out which of the soils will be under the foundation of your home. They are:
- heaving, that is, clay, loam, sandy loam;
- non-porous: sand, rocks;
- weakly soiled soils - various mixtures.
Non-porous soil is the most optimal for construction, as it is durable and can withstand any load. An example of such soil you see below.
You can find out such data by contacting specialists, taking a soil sample from the site.
Non-porous soil
In accordance with the data obtained, the first calculations can be made, following which, the optimal depth for not heaving soils will be 0.5-1 meter.
For clayey - 1.2-1.5 meters, for mixed soils - from 0.5 to 1.25 meters, depending on how mobile the soil is and how many percent of the heaving mixture it contains.
Groundwater level determination
In determining the second parameter, you can also turn to specialists or try to find out for yourself with the help of special wells called shufra.
They are pulled out at a site of future construction, their minimum depth is 2-2.5 meters.
With the help of such a well, it is possible to determine the depth of freezing of the soil and the presence or absence of groundwater. An example of such a well is shown in the photo below.
Shufr for determining the type of soil
The terrain of the site for construction is also important, because it is easier to lay the foundation on a flat surface.
If the site goes on a slope, then it will either need to be leveled as much as possible, or when laying the foundation, take the lowest point as the basis for the depth reference.
After determining the soil and the lack of obvious groundwater, you can think about the type of future foundation.
The type of soil also depends on whether lateral wall strengthening is necessary so that the foundation does not tilt over time.
Choosing the type of foundation in accordance with the soil
The foundation itself directly depends on what depth is needed for your construction and on the type of soil being determined.
If it is not porous, then you can plan an ordinary strip or column foundation, if the earth is heaving or slightly porous, you will have to make a monolithic slab or pile foundation.
Consider the main types of foundations for a one-story house, taking into account the depth of the foundation:
- The strip foundation, which can be either shallow (for light-weight wooden one-story buildings) or buried. This type is the easiest for an independent device and the cheapest. If a large depth is not required and the mass of the structure itself is small, then it is possible to choose it.
- Pillars and piles can become a strengthening of a strip or ordinary foundation, while for a house that is lighter in weight, it is better to use poles. If the materials for construction are brick or stone, it is better to drive in piles that withstand heavy loads, distributing all the bearing weight over perimeter and deeply entrenched in the ground.
- A monolithic slab can be used in the case of heaving soils and in the detection of groundwater.
This design is the most reliable and can withstand any impact and weight, but it will cost a lot and will be difficult for self-assembly.
An example of such a plate is shown below.
Monolithic slab - base
Calculation of the depth of the foundation
When you finally were able to determine the type of soil and foundation, you can make the final calculation, which will reveal the depth of the foundation for a one-story house.
Some try to make the foundation “with a margin”, that is, deepen it more than the required level for reliability.
But this will only be an extra financial cost and laborious work, and if all the calculations are made correctly, then no stock is required.
Any foundation is laid on the basis of calculating the level of freezing of the earth and is laid 10% lower, that is, if the freezing depth is 1 meter, then laying should be at a depth of 1.1 meters, this will be enough.
If the climatic conditions in the region of construction are moderate and the soil is loose, then it is most appropriate to lay a shallow ribbon foundation, which is easy to do with your own hands, and it will be durable.
It can be either monolithic with independently poured solution, or prefabricated with ready-made blocks.
By average standards, such a foundation is laid to a depth of 45 cm to 1 meter. Such a foundation looks as shown below.
Ready strip foundation
In more severe winter conditions or with heterogeneous ground mass, it is better to make a more in-depth and reliable foundation, the depth of which can be from 1 meter to 2 meters.
For a one-story house made of ordinary brick, a buried strip foundation with pillars that will strengthen the entire supporting structure will be quite acceptable.
If the terrain is marshy or very clayey, you will have to lay a monolithic slab with piles, even if the construction of the house itself is light.
This will entail considerable financial costs, but you can not worry about the reliability of the design. This foundation can reach depths of up to 2.5 meters.
The choice of materials for the home, taking into account the depth
The most economical option today is a wooden one-story country-type houses, in which you can make an attic.
When choosing such materials, the house will be quite light and the chance of destruction of the foundation is minimal, so you can choose a shallow depth and lay the foundation yourself under any difficulties.
Such a building looks like in the photo below.
Wooden one-story house
One-story houses made of foam concrete blocks are also easy to build and do not require a large laying depth, but should be more expanded, since the wall in such houses should be about 60 cm for heat resistance.
Brick or masonry requires that the foundation laid withstand a large load, so it is advisable to choose both a large laying depth and reinforcement using piles.
Such a foundation looks like in the image below.
Pile foundation
Given all these factors, we can say that the depth of the foundation for a one-story house can be very different, but all the above factors should be taken into account for the reliability of the design.
The main reference point remains the depth of soil freezing, which underlies all calculations of the recess.
Video calculations of the depth of the foundation of a one-story house
In the next video, experts will tell you what rules must be observed when calculating the depth of the foundation, which will help you correctly determine all the parameters, and you will be able to independently build your house that will last a very long time.
The construction of the base of the building is an important stage in the construction. The strength of the whole structure depends on how correctly the base is laid.
To build a reliable and durable foundation for a one-story house, you must be guided regulations SNiPa: 2.02.01-83 “Foundations of buildings and structures” and 23-01-99 “Construction climatology”.
Features of foam block material
Foam concrete blocks are made of cellular concrete by pouring it into special forms. The resulting layers are cut into elements suitable for the construction of houses.
Varieties of foam blocks
The material is divided into three types depending on the density. For private construction relevant:
- structural elements of grades D1000-1200;
- structural and heat-insulating blocks of D900-500 grades;
- heat-insulating segments of the D500-300 brands.
The high density of foamed concrete allows the construction of a two-story building with a reinforcing belt.
Building Material Properties
Foam buildings are becoming relevant for the owners of suburban areas. This is facilitated by the properties of the material:
- unique "breathing" structure, due to which wall sweating is excluded;
- the possibility of preserving heat in winter and providing coolness in summer;
- efficiency - due to heat saving excluded the cost of heating the home;
- good sound insulation;
- ecological cleanliness;
- ease of processing and durability of walls.
Low cost of elements based on sand, water, cement and special foam. The low cost of consumables for construction allows you to invest more in the arrangement of a quality home foundation.
Compared to brick structures, foam concrete blocks are lighter. If a square meter brick wall weighs 1.8 tons, then the foam blocks have a mass of 0.9. Therefore, it will be impractical to build massive foundations. For housing from a foam block, a monolithic tape, plate or pile base is enough. Regardless of the type of foundation, it is worth considering the criteria for its construction and design.
Depth Choice: Influencing Factors
The depth of the foundation for a one-story building is determined by accurate, competent analysis and calculation, taking into account the characteristics of the structure and the environment. The following indicators affect the choice of recess:
- degree of soil freezing;
- climatic features of the region;
- groundwater level;
- soil surface quality, bedding;
- the availability of design additions (basement, basement, garage);
- type of foundation.
Laying the foundation for a house from expanded clay concrete blocks is carried out above the groundwater level and below the freezing layers. Correct calculations ensure the reliability and durability of the building, the main building material of which is expanded clay block.
What affects the choice of base height?
The height of the foundation for a one-story house is set taking into account the following factors:
- Embossed features the land under development. In the presence of small slopes - the depth of the foundation for a one-story house increases, in areas with seismic activity it is necessary to take additional measures to increase the stability of structures. A complete picture is provided by calculation based on geodetic data.
- Design features of the building and its purpose. The construction is carried out with or without a basement.
- Groundwater Passage Level.
- The presence of nearby buildings and the type of carrier system used.
- The composition of the soil, the presence of various voids, bedding in layers and other features.
The ground part of the base for a house made of timber can rise several meters above the ground, unlike heavy brick buildings.
Varieties and types of soils
When calculating how deep the foundation should be installed for a one-story house of blocks, the types of soil should be considered. It happens:
- non-porous - rocks, sand;
- heaving - sandy loam, loam, clay;
- slightly downy - a diverse mixture.
The best for the construction of residential buildings from expanded clay concrete is considered non-porous, characterized by high strength and the ability to withstand various loads. For him, the optimal depth of the base is 0.5 - 1 m, for mixed - 0.5 - 1.25 m, for clay - 1.2-1.5 m, excluding other factors.
Types of foundations for one-story buildings
The foundation for a house of blocks is a supporting part of the structure. Depends on its type, how reliable and durable the house will be. For the construction of a block one-story building, 3 technologies for laying a monolithic system are used: a traditional strip base, a columnar structure and a slab system.
Depth of laying the strip foundation
For single-story buildings, with heaving soil, the laying depth of the strip foundation is 60 cm with a shallow type. The design resembles load-bearing floating systems, which lie under the sole and are capable of withstanding the movement of soils.
The buried type is below the freezing point of the soil. The laying depth reaches 1-1.5 m. A monolithic tape with reinforcement is being constructed. A similar view is typical for the construction of massive brick, block houses.
Experienced craftsmen note that the width for the foundation should have a size that exceeds the wall thickness by 5-10 cm. This will ensure the reliability and stability of the base of the building.
Pile foundation tab level
The depth of the basement determines the strength of the building. For the construction of single-story buildings, a pile foundation is often used.
The foundation method using piles has gained popularity due to the use of brown rods. The bored building is a universal way to equip the basement and has several advantages:
- Used on terrain with characteristic slopes.
- Does not need preliminary soil preparation and clearing the construction site.
- It is economical. Bookmarking is carried out using a minimum number of building materials.
- The pile system is not a continuous structure, which ensures unhindered communications under the building.
- The construction is carried out without the use of special equipment.
- Laying the foundation of piles can occur alternately, unlike strip, where concrete should be poured immediately around the perimeter.
What will be the depth of installation of the pile foundation - a support for a one-story house built of blocks, must be 10-15% lower than the level of freezing of the soil. This will allow the bar structure to easily carry the load of the building. On heaving soils, to ensure the strength of the system and prevent deformation of the structure, piles are additionally reinforced.
Features of mounting the base plate
A monolithic system is stable and reliable. Slabs are a one-piece concrete base. To lay them, you need to prepare a pit and clear the construction site.
The plate is laid at a depth of 60-100 cm, on a sand and gravel pillow. The foundation is able to withstand heavy loads of buildings.
How to calculate the optimal depth for laying the base: expert advice
After determining the type of foundation and analyzing the parameters specific to a particular area, it is necessary to calculate the optimal depth for mounting a solid foundation for one-story building.
Each calculation is individual, but its implementation requires compliance with the recommendations of the following nature:
- any type of supporting structure fits on average 10% below the level of freezing of soil layers. For example, the freezing point is 100 cm - a trench is dug at a depth of 110 cm.
- for loose soil in a temperate climate zone, it is advised to equip shallow foundation (monolithic or from blocks). The plate deepens on average by 45-100 cm.
- for a poorly mixed mixed group in severe cold latitudes, a design is used that is dug up to 1-2 m.
- reliability and durability is characterized by the foundation for a single-storey block house using two laying technologies. For example, a tape base with an addition of reinforcing rods.
- for marshy and clay terrain, laying of a monolithic slab system with piles is supposed. Installation of the base is carried out at a depth of 2.5 m.
Some builders are advised to carry out the construction of the base with a "reserve". But this is not always the right decision. First, land work will still be required, and secondly, financial costs are needed. The feasibility of its implementation is excluded on constant dense soils, with low seismic activity, in temperate climatic zones.
For the construction of a supporting structure under a one-story house, builders often use a strip foundation. Other types of substrates have gained popularity due to their economy and quick do-it-yourself. To build your reliable home, it is better to resort to the use of several technologies in the construction of a durable and solid foundation.
The foundation of the house is one of the most important elements of its construction. The future reliability and convenience of the entire building depends on it. As a solution to most construction issues, the depth of the foundation for a one-story house should be based on strict compliance with the design documentation, the characteristics of the materials used, economic feasibility and the budget of the builder.
The foundation of the house is one of the most important elements of its construction. The future reliability and convenience of the entire building depends on it. As a solution to most construction issues, the depth of the foundation for a one-story house should be based on strict compliance with project documentation, the characteristics of the materials used, economic feasibility and the budget of the builder. Soil quality, climatic conditions and other important factors are also of great importance.
What affects the depth of the foundation?
Determining the depth of the foundation approximately or “by eye” is unacceptable even for the simplest structure. Competent and accurate calculations based on the characteristics of the building itself and the environment are needed. For this, the following must be taken into account:
1- level of soil freezing;
2- soil quality and depth of its layers;
3- underground water flow;
4- the presence of a pillow of sand and gravel 10-30 cm thick under the foundation (this value must be taken into account when digging a trench);
5- design features of the house (the presence of a basement, basement);
7- weather and other external conditions;
8- selected type of foundation;
9- budget allocated for the construction of underground structures.
The level of freezing varies in different regions. So, in warm climatic conditions, a depth of 0.6 m will be sufficient, and in areas with more severe winters, the foundation will have to be deepened by at least 1.5 m.
Determination of the main soil parameters
The main soil parameters, on which the depth of the foundation depends, include the type of soil, the level of freezing and penetration of groundwater, and the terrain.
Establishment of soil type
To calculate the depth, you need to find out what type of soil is under the future house. Soils are:
- heaving (clay, loamy)
- slightly downy (mixed)
- non-porous (rocks, sand).
To find out the type of soil, you must provide a sample of it to specialists. Based on the result, you can make initial calculations. The most reliable are non-porous soils, as they can withstand any load. The optimal depth of the foundation for a one-story house on such soils is 0.5-1 m. On mixed soils, the base is recommended to be deepened by 0.8-1.3 m, on heaving soils - by 1.3-1.8 m.
Determination of groundwater and level of freezing
To find out the level of groundwater, you can also contact the appropriate specialists or determine it yourself by digging special wells in the place of the future home - pits.
They need to be deepened by 2-2.5 meters, which allows you to establish both the presence of groundwater and the depth of freezing of the soil.
Terrain Accounting
In addition to the indicated soil parameters, the terrain must also be taken into account. The easiest way is to lay the foundation on a flat surface. A plot with a slope should be evened out as much as possible or left as is, but the depth calculation should be performed from the lowest point.
Based on the results of the soil survey, a suitable type of future foundation is selected.
Foundation options for a one-story house
One-story houses are being erected on a tape, slab or columnar-pile foundation. For the lightest constructions, columnar and shallowly buried strip foundations are suitable. On heaving soils, plate and pile bases are preferable.
1. Strip foundations
There are two types of such a foundation:
- shallow - the maximum depth of the foundation for a one-story house is 60 cm. This implies a floating base, prone to heaving phenomena in the ground, which is located under the base of the foundation. This solution is not suitable for massive buildings with a large weight;
- buried - performed in the form of a monolithic reinforced concrete tape with a laying below the level of freezing of the soil. This option is used for homes with heavy construction.
2. Column-pile foundations
The simplest columnar foundations are usually used only for very light buildings. More massive buildings require the installation of bored or screw pile foundations.
3. Monolithic plates
This option is suitable for most cases and involves the laying of a monolithic slab with pouring into the pit or even without deepening into the ground. The main disadvantage of this reason is the very high cost.
After the final determination of the parameters of the soil and the type of foundation, a final calculation is performed, the results of which establish the optimal depth of the foundation for a one-story house.
Such a calculation is strictly individual, but its implementation requires compliance with the following recommendations:
- Any foundation should be laid 10% below the level of soil freezing. So, when freezing the soil at 100 cm, the trench should have a depth of 110 cm.
- On loose soils in a temperate climatic zone, it is most advisable to lay a shallow strip foundation (monolithic with a filled solution or prefabricated with ready-made blocks). On average, such a base has a depth of 45-100 cm.
- For mixed weakly grained soil in more severe winter latitudes, a 1-2-meter-deep foundation is more suitable.
- For a one-story brick house, the best option would be a buried strip foundation with reinforcing posts.
- On clay or marshy terrain, even under a house with a light construction, it is necessary to lay a monolithic slab base with piles. The depth of such a foundation can reach 2.5 meters.
Many developers prefer to solve various construction problems, guided by the principle of "in reserve". In other words, if, in accordance with all calculations, a sufficient depth of the foundation for a single-story house is 1 m, in reality, to prevent possible problems, a trench of 1.5 m is rummaged. This precaution entails only extra costs.
In most regions, weather and all other natural conditions have not changed for thousands of years. Therefore, no unforeseen changes in this regard will happen. Therefore, even small deviations from the established norms will be absolutely unjustified. With the correct calculation, no “reserves" are required.
The main rule for determining the parameters of the foundation is as follows: the more competently the foundation is built, the less the house will be exposed to negative factors.
Today, do-it-yourself construction of a variety of non-residential buildings, as well as houses, country cottages, has become widespread.
Building a house has some difficulties due to many parameters that must be taken into account before planning the foundation, how long the house will stand idle depends on them.
Laying the foundation is the most important part of the construction, and its depth determines the strength of the entire further structure.
What determines the choice of depth
For any building, the depth cannot be simply determined by eye, many calculations are needed here, and first of all you need to pay attention to:
- groundwater flow rate;
- climatic features of the area in which the house will be located;
- soil freezing depth;
- general load of the building and building materials;
- selected type of foundation.
The first thing you need to know when calculating the depth of the foundation, it must be laid below the level of freezing of the earth, so that the foundation does not deteriorate during repeated freezing and thawing.
It should also be above the level of groundwater flow, which is a strong destructive force for the foundation.
An example of a finished design for a one-story house without a basement is presented below.
Types and varieties of soils
When calculating the depth, you need to immediately find out which of the soils will be under the foundation of your home. They are:
- heaving, that is, clay, loam, sandy loam;
- non-porous: sand, rocks;
- weakly soiled soils - various mixtures.
Non-porous soil is the most optimal for construction, as it is durable and can withstand any load. An example of such soil you see below.
You can find out such data by contacting specialists, taking a soil sample from the site.
![](https://i2.wp.com/fundamentt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/2.%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82.jpg)
In accordance with the data obtained, the first calculations can be made, following which the optimal depth for non-porous soils will be 0.5-1 meter.
For clayey - 1.2-1.5 meters, for mixed soils - from 0.5 to 1.25 meters, depending on how mobile the soil is and how many percent of the heaving mixture it contains.
Groundwater level determination
In determining the second parameter, you can also turn to specialists or try to find out for yourself with the help of special wells called shufra.
They are pulled out at a site of future construction, their minimum depth is 2-2.5 meters.
With the help of such a well, it is possible to determine the depth of freezing of the soil and the presence or absence of groundwater. An example of such a well is shown in the photo below.
![](https://i1.wp.com/fundamentt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/3.%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%84%D1%80-%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F-%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0-%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0.jpg)
The terrain of the site for construction is also important, because it is easier to lay the foundation on a flat surface.
If the site goes on a slope, then it will either need to be leveled as much as possible, or when laying the foundation, take the lowest point as the basis for the depth reference.
After determining the soil and the lack of obvious groundwater, you can think about the type of future foundation.
The type of soil also depends on whether lateral wall strengthening is necessary so that the foundation does not tilt over time.
Choosing the type of foundation in accordance with the soil
The foundation itself directly depends on what depth is needed for your construction and on the type of soil being determined.
If it is not porous, then you can plan an ordinary strip or column foundation, if the earth is heaving or slightly porous, you will have to make a monolithic slab or pile foundation.
Consider the main types of foundations for a one-story house, taking into account the depth of the foundation:
- The strip foundation, which can be either shallow (for light-weight wooden one-story buildings) or buried. This type is the easiest for an independent device and the cheapest. If a large depth is not required and the mass of the structure itself is small, then it is possible to choose it.
- Pillars and piles can become a strengthening of a strip or ordinary foundation, while for a house that is lighter in weight, it is better to use poles. If the materials for construction are brick or stone, it is better to drive in piles that withstand heavy loads, distributing all the bearing weight over perimeter and deeply entrenched in the ground.
- A monolithic slab can be used in the case of heaving soils and in the detection of groundwater.
This design is the most reliable and can withstand any impact and weight, but it will cost a lot and will be difficult for self-assembly.
An example of such a plate is shown below.
![](https://i0.wp.com/fundamentt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/4.%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F-%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0.jpg)
Calculation of the depth of the foundation
When you finally were able to determine the type of soil and foundation, you can make the final calculation, which will reveal the depth of the foundation for a one-story house.
Some try to make the foundation “with a margin”, that is, deepen it more than the required level for reliability.
But this will only be an extra financial cost and laborious work, and if all the calculations are made correctly, then no stock is required.
Any foundation is laid on the basis of calculating the level of freezing of the earth and is laid 10% lower, that is, if the freezing depth is 1 meter, then laying should be at a depth of 1.1 meters, this will be enough.
If the climatic conditions in the region of construction are moderate and the soil is loose, then it is most appropriate to lay a shallow ribbon foundation, which is easy to do with your own hands, and it will be durable.
It can be either monolithic with independently poured solution, or prefabricated with ready-made blocks.
By average standards, such a foundation is laid to a depth of 45 cm to 1 meter. Such a foundation looks as shown below.
![](https://i2.wp.com/fundamentt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/5.%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82.jpg)
In more severe winter conditions or with heterogeneous ground mass, it is better to make a more in-depth and reliable foundation, the depth of which can be from 1 meter to 2 meters.
For a one-story house made of ordinary brick, a buried strip foundation with pillars that will strengthen the entire supporting structure will be quite acceptable.
If the terrain is marshy or very clayey, you will have to lay a monolithic slab with piles, even if the construction of the house itself is light.
This will entail considerable financial costs, but you can not worry about the reliability of the design. This foundation can reach depths of up to 2.5 meters.
The choice of materials for the home, taking into account the depth
The most economical option today is a wooden one-story country-type houses, in which you can make an attic.
When choosing such materials, the house will be quite light and the chance of destruction of the foundation is minimal, so you can choose a shallow depth and lay the foundation yourself under any difficulties.
Such a building looks like in the photo below.
![](https://i2.wp.com/fundamentt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/6.%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC.jpg)
One-story houses made of foam concrete blocks are also easy to build and do not require a large laying depth, but should be more expanded, since the wall in such houses should be about 60 cm for heat resistance.
Brick or masonry requires that the foundation laid withstand a large load, so it is advisable to choose both a large laying depth and reinforcement using piles.
Such a foundation looks like in the image below.
![](https://i0.wp.com/fundamentt.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/7.%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9-%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82.jpg)
Given all these factors, we can say that the depth of the foundation for a one-story house can be very different, but all the above factors should be taken into account for the reliability of the design.
The main reference point remains the depth of soil freezing, which underlies all calculations of the recess.
Video calculations of the depth of the foundation of a one-story house
In the next video, experts will tell you what rules must be observed when calculating the depth of the foundation, which will help you correctly determine all the parameters, and you will be able to independently build your house that will last a very long time.
13.08.2014