Baths from foam blocks: projects, drawings, DIY construction. Projects of baths from foam blocks Bath project 7 to 9 from foam blocks
Currently, many owners of country houses dream of their own bath. But at the same time, not everyone knows which material is better to choose for its construction. Today we will talk about sauna rooms made of foam blocks.
Features:
Today, experts can offer many different projects of foam block baths. This material is aerated concrete or lightweight and cellular concrete. It comes in different types.
Foam concrete
Such material is made by adding a special foaming agent to the cement mortar. Then the resulting mass should be distributed over the forms and wait until it hardens. Foam concrete can be made independently at home. It is most often used in the construction of baths.
Aerated concrete
This material is made by mixing cement mortar with a special aluminum powder. After that, you need to wait until the mass is completely solidified. You should not make aerated concrete at home. It is produced using special technical equipment. Such products are produced with precise geometry, so they are convenient enough for decorating baths.
Silicate concrete
This type building material create with lime. Silicate concrete is white. It is highly hygroscopic. Despite this, this type of base is also often used in the construction of bath rooms.
According to many people, foam concrete is the most reliable material for a bath.Therefore, many people choose it during construction. And although this material is highly hygroscopic, it can be used in the design of such buildings. However, during its manufacture, it is necessarily treated with waterproof substances.
The foam block is an artificial material, but has the same characteristics as natural bases. At the same time, it differs in a lower, affordable price for everyone. Therefore, at present, most people choose such products for external decoration of baths.
Pros and cons of the material
Foam blocks boast a considerable list of positive qualities. Let's note the main ones.
- High level of thermal protection... Even with high temperature fluctuations, the foam blocks do not collapse, they remain in their original form.
- Environmental friendliness. This material is made using safe components, it is completely harmless to human health.
- Resistant to decay and rust... When creating such products, they are pre-treated with special mortars that resist the formation of fungus and mold. In addition, such compounds protect the structure from rodents and corrosion.
- Light weight.This property greatly simplifies the installation work.
- Easy styling. Almost anyone can install the foam block. Some types of such material have a special lock, which further simplifies the installation process.
- Affordable price... Unlike natural bases, foam blocks can boast of a low cost. Anyone can buy it.
- Fire resistance. A foam block bathhouse is quite resistant to fire. He can counteract it for two hours.
Despite the large list of advantages, foam blocks have certain disadvantages. They must be subjected to additional treatments.
It can be used in the construction of baths only after impregnation with special compounds that resist moisture. Otherwise, the material will quickly lose its appearance and may deteriorate.
Although the foam blocks themselves do not differ in high cost, their installation will not be cheap. They can be joined together using a special construction glue, which is expensive. During the construction of bath structures from foam blocks, it is imperative to carry out insulation. This is necessary in order to once again protect the material from the harmful effects of moisture and temperature fluctuations. Otherwise, the blocks can completely collapse.
Subtleties of design
When developing a drawing for a future bath, its size must be taken into account. Only knowing the exact scale of the structure, you can correctly draw up a project for such a room. In addition, additional buildings located next to or under the same roof should be taken into account. Currently, you can find many projects of baths in sizes 3x4, 4x4, 5x4, 4x6 m.
This scale is small, so you need to be careful when designing these premises. The structure should simultaneously accommodate a steam room, a washing room, and often a shower room with a changing room. As a rule, in these cases, most of the space is set aside for the steam room. Often such baths have a window.
There can even be two openings (in the washing and steam room). They act as the necessary ventilation. Often, projects of such small rooms are combined with other residential buildings (garages, guest houses) to make the structures look more beautiful and solid.
It is better not to use a tambour in the construction of a small bath building (for example, 6x4 m), because it will take up a lot of space. If you decide to include it in the project, you will have to install a partition and move the doors.
In this case, many experts strongly recommend making such zones outside the premises. Today, a considerable number of projects for the design of larger-scale baths have also been proposed. Their size is 6x6 m, some designs may be larger (+ 2-3 sq. M). All the necessary rooms (shower room, changing room, washing room, vestibule, steam room) can easily fit in rooms of such an area. In addition, small recreation areas for the owners are often placed in such buildings.
In these types of baths, it is worth installing window openings. Their size should correspond to the dimensions of the room itself, since large structures require good ventilation. It is better to place windows in several rooms at once. Often, such large-scale baths are made two-story. Moreover, the second tier is also made of a rather large size. Most often it is used for a pool or a large relaxation room.
On the second floor, you need to place at least one window opening as ventilation.
The second floor of such premises does not have to be additionally insulated. Warm steam from the first tier will penetrate into the room, warming it up. Due to the uniform distribution of heat, the temperature of the upper zone will not be too high, it will remain optimal. Experts and designers do not recommend combining them outside with other buildings during the construction of two-story bath rooms. After all, they can completely ruin the beautiful appearance of the bath, make the structure too overloaded. Therefore, it is better to place all other additional structures separately.
With swimming pool
Often, during the construction of baths from foam blocks, pools are placed in them. But it should be remembered that they should be installed only in structures with a large area. Otherwise, the structure will be cumbersome and will bring significant inconvenience. If you are building a two-story building, it is better to place such an element on the second tier.
A room with a pool must have at least one ventilation window.
Today, on the building materials market, anyone can see various options for bath pools. They can be of very different shapes (round, rectangular, square, semicircular). The choice of a suitable option depends on the internal layout of the building. At the same time, we must not forget that the design of such premises with a pool will cost the owners a lot.
With terrace
You can often find projects of baths with a veranda. It can be included in projects of small structures. According to some experts and designers, the terrace can perfectly fit into any type of decoration, regardless of size. If you are building your bath from foam blocks, the veranda can be made from this material. But there are options in which the terraces are made from a different base (wood, metal, plastic, decorative stone).
Many people note that structures made of wood look especially impressive.
Some designers advise placing small pieces of furniture (tables, sofas, chairs) on the terraces. It should be remembered that you cannot overload the veranda. Otherwise, it will look ridiculous. If you are equipping a two-story bath, then such structures should be placed on the upper tier.
Small buildings
Today experts can offer projects of baths made of foam blocks with sizes smaller than standard ones. Such rooms often include only a washing and steam room. Other zones in such structures may be too small or even unable to fit there. Often, the owners, in order to increase the area of \u200b\u200ba small bath, build a second floor of the same scale.
On the upper tier, you can place a shower room, a relaxation room, a small pool. If you do not want to build another floor, remember that it is better not to load such structures with verandas and other additional elements. Even in small bath rooms, window openings must be placed. For these designs, two small windows are enough. In small-scale saunas, this will be sufficient for ventilation.
How to build?
A foam block bath can be made with your own hands, without the help of professionals. Before building the structure itself, you need to build a foundation. However, most builders recommend immediately insulating it. Then you need to install the walls of the future bath. To do this, foam blocks of a certain size must be laid on the foundation.
They can only be connected using special construction glue. When laying these parts, you should pay special attention to the seams. They should be thin enough. After installing the walls, you need to make a rough ceiling from the boards.
It is necessary to make the rafters that are needed for the installation of the ceiling covering.
Suppose you already have a project; at the top there was a lot of information on developing documentation with your own hands.
The foundation for the construction of a two-story bath from foam blocks with your own hands
I like guides on the Internet, I write right away what everyone misses in their articles: a stone oven needs a foundation, which is better to build simultaneously with the main foundation.
To build a two-story bath with your own hands, you need a reliable foundation, of all the options, the most reliable will be a tape one that even a beginner can build. The main thing in arranging such a foundation:
- Laying below the freezing level (depending on your region, if builders are digging, then it is also important to reach solid ground);
- Use of metal frames (can be ordered);
- Preparation of the correct grade of concrete (the higher the better).
You may not be able to orient the foundation on the ground, because this is done by the theodolite. But you can use a tape measure if a half-meter gap is not a problem.
All of the above can be ordered, you can put the formwork yourself, especially if you watch a few sensible videos so that the formwork does not fall apart. I recommend borrowing a laser level from a friend to fix the marks and form an even top edge of the foundation, then the construction process from foam blocks will go easily, because you do not have to expose the first row of stones all day.
For small buildings, you can use a pile or columnar foundation, but not for a two-story building (one of the supports may sink). You can also consider the slab foundation, but it is more difficult to calculate and beginners can make a mistake in its arrangement. The recommendation is as follows: see what foundations your neighbors use for similar houses and this will be a hint which foundation to choose for your two-story bath.
How to build walls and lintels from foam blocks with your own hands?
The process of forming walls from foam blocks is an orderly work, the main thing is to figure out how the stones should be located in each of the rows.
Installation of interfloor and attic floors
It is best to use reinforced concrete slabs as interfloor floors. The steam room will be on the ground floor, so it is important that the floors do not absorb moisture. The use of wooden floor slabs must be designed by a specialist.
It is quite logical to use a beam floor as an attic floor, especially since this is exactly what is designed for most attic floors.
How to choose a stove for a bath with your own hands?
How to choose a stove for a steam room is a topic for another review. Her main feature is that it should combine two functions: heating all rooms and generating steam in the sauna. Note that stove options can be found in Soviet bath building guides, as well as in 3d models... If you doubt your abilities - not a problem, it is easier to buy a ready-made stove, follow the following formula for calculating the power: 1 kW per 1 m3 + 30-50% of the result, to compensate for heat loss.
How to choose bath accessories?
In order for the bath to start functioning, it is necessary to fill it with all the necessary accessories, and this is a chimney, stove, lighting, water storage tanks, ladles, a thermometer, etc. All these items are now sold in a wide assortment in regular stores. If you use the Internet, it is better to save money by purchasing goods in the online store. Many suppliers at a construction site have repeatedly convinced themselves that this method allows them to more carefully select goods, and not buy the remains of construction stores.
To equip the baths, you will need special moisture-resistant furniture, all kinds of benches, shelves, doors (retaining heat and steam), special bath windows, facing materials, etc. The entire range of wood materials and products is usually made from special types of wood that withstand high temperature and humidity well. The last tip: if you have already decided to build a two-story bath with your own hands, then why not make wooden furniture yourself. After all, you will still make the stairs to the second floor yourself, and if you make furniture, then there will be a topic for conversation with friends.
Frequent mistakes in the construction of a bath from foam blocks
There are a few subtle problems with using this material, the most serious.
This is a familiar building that can be seen on most sites. But technologies do not stand still, and today other materials for construction are available, including foam blocks. This material is not inferior to wood, and in some ways even superior, in addition, it is easier to build a bathhouse with your own hands from foam blocks than from the same timber.
Bath from foam blocks: advantages and disadvantages
A foam block bath boasts the following advantages:
- fire resistance;
- high level of thermal insulation;
- ease of installation, a bath from foam blocks can be built quickly and without contacting specialists, if necessary, the blocks are easily cut;
- light weight, so you can make a regular foundation, not reinforced;
- resistance to temperature extremes;
- environmental friendliness, natural materials are used for the manufacture of foam blocks, without harmful chemical components.
The disadvantages include hygroscopicity, so it is necessary to make high-quality waterproofing. The bathhouse also needs external finishing.
Sauna from foam blocks: projects, photos
Drawing up a project is the initial and mandatory stage in the construction of a bath. It allows you to determine the size of the premises, the location of windows, doors, communications, and also calculate the amount of required building material.
Traditionally, the bathhouse consists of a dressing room, a steam room, a shower room, a toilet and a rest room. Of course, you can clean some room, but keep in mind that in this case, the bath will be less comfortable to use. But if you do, then you can leave only the dressing room and the steam room, the rest of the amenities are enough to have in the house itself.
On the Internet you can find free projects baths from foam blocks, as well as immediately see how the building will look in the future. Another option is to contact specialists who will draw up a project specifically for your requirements and taking into account the characteristics of the territory itself. Which option to choose depends on your knowledge and needs. If you are well versed in this area, then you can try to draw up a project of a foam block bath with a relaxation room yourself.
When drawing up a project, you need to take into account the future location of the bath, assess the level of groundwater and financial capabilities, based on these indicators, select or draw up a drawing. The size of the steam room depends on how many people plan to visit it.
Keep in mind that your family can grow larger over time, probably making new friends. Therefore, it is better to make a bath with a small margin, since you are building this structure for more than one year.
Also think in advance which one you will choose. For gas, you need to lay pipes, for electrical, prepare the wiring. If the sauna is on wood, then you may need to make a protective screen around.
Below are the finished projects baths from foam blocks. Of course, this is only a small part of the projects. The location of the rooms and their sizes may vary, it all depends on your wishes and needs.
Convenient and functional will be projects of foam concrete baths with a terrace. You can place a table and chairs on it, then on a summer day, after warming up in the steam room, you can have a snack and relax in the fresh air.
4x4 sauna project from foam blocks
This option was created for those who cannot boast of a large plot size. If your territory is small, this does not mean at all that you need to deny yourself the pleasure of taking a steam bath with a broom, you can make a small building.
Despite the relatively small size, the project provides for all the necessary premises: a steam room, a relaxation room and a washing room.
For small plots, it will be an excellent way out of the situation - the choice of a project for a two-story bath from foam blocks. In this case, you will get quite spacious and comfortable premises, which will occupy a small area.
6x4 sauna project from foam blocks
Perhaps this option is the most popular and is great for small areas. In such a project, all the necessary premises are provided: a steam room, a changing room, a shower and a rest room. If you look at the photos of the projects of baths made of 6x4 foam blocks, you can see that some projects also provide for a small porch or a free terrace.
Of course, the option with a terrace is more convenient, because in warm weather you don't want to sit in the recreation room when you can sit in nature, breathe fresh air and admire the local scenery.
The finished project of a bath from 6x6 foam blocks
An equally popular option that allows you to make a spacious bath with all the necessary amenities is the 6 × 6 bath project from foam blocks. Here you can easily fit a steam room, a washing room, a toilet, a rest room, you can also do it, in which case you will get a place where you can not only take a steam bath, but also have a good rest, eat barbecue and be in the fresh air.
Projects of baths from 6x6 foam blocks can be one- and two-story. In the second case, additional rooms can be made in the building, which can be used as guest rooms. Then you will be able to come to nature with an overnight stay.
As you can see, projects of foam block baths can be different in size of premises, number of floors and presence / absence of premises. On the Internet, you can find a variety of drawings and projects of foam block baths for free. You can choose an option for your requirements, but if you have not found a ready-made one, then it can always be made to order.
Building blocks have become part of our lives. With their use, not only residential buildings are built, but also bath structures. Reliability and quality that has already been tested by time allows you to build any structures, and auxiliary materials complement the finish, bringing originality to the exterior and interior design.
At the entrance there is a recreation room with a dressing room. From it there is an entrance to the washing compartment and the steam room.
Sauna project from blocks 3x5 m
Baby bath. Outwardly, it does not say anything about the fact that this bath is built of blocks.
The interior layout is also characterized by spartan simplicity.
The project of a bath from foam blocks 3x4
Another project of a bath from blocks. The building is finished with plastic panels.
The interior space is also minimalist. The relaxation room is slightly larger than the combined steam room and shower room.
Finished block bath facing brick, with an attic floor designed as a studio. Elegant European style.
The interior arrangement is also original. There is a small veranda at the entrance. From the hallway there is a staircase to the second floor, where the shower room is located rather unusually.
On the ground floor there is a spacious living room-kitchen, from which there is an exit to the gym with a sauna.
Sauna from foam blocks 34.6 sq. m
Sauna from foam blocks with a terrace. The original exterior design is beautifully combined with the general decoration of the site. The internal arrangement of the rooms is peculiar. The bias is more in favor of the rest room.
Sauna from foam blocks with an open veranda and a barbecue oven. The interior layout of the rooms is done in a simple conventional style. At the entrance there is a rest room, behind it is the entrance to the sink and the steam room.
Today, many summer residents and owners of suburban areas prefer not only to wash and take a steam bath, but also to relax. And full-fledged leisure is impossible without comfortable conditions - the presence of a bathroom, kitchen, living room. Projects of two-story baths involve the combination of several functions.
More recently, baths have become fashionable, where a full bath complex, a bathroom and a kitchen are located on the ground floor. And on the second full living spaces - bedrooms and living room. Why build on site two one-story houses and leave less free land for a garden and a vegetable garden when you can build one.
The advantages of two-story baths
When starting construction, it is necessary to carefully choose a project. If the area of \u200b\u200bthe site does not allow the installation of several outbuildings and a residential building, then a two-story bath is an excellent way out.
It has a number of advantages:
- Takes up less space on the site, but it is more functional and accommodates more rooms;
- Low heating costs on the second floor - hot air from the steam room rises and heats the rooms;
- The building has a presentable appearance;
- You can install a small pool inside, just find a place for it.
Numerous projects of a two-story bathhouse also imply the presence of a full-fledged communications system. That is, you can live in the house, if not permanently, then for a short period of time, including in winter.
System engineering communications very different from what is applicable to a regular bath or home.
Many factors are important here:
- Organization of ventilation on the second floor;
- Heating installation - most often radiators are used, evenly installed in rooms. They can work either from an electric boiler or from sauna stovewhen not in use;
- The drawing should assume the presence of a boiler room.
The project of a two-storey bath with a terrace provides that the bath complex, located on the ground floor, is adjacent to the garage and has a common wall with it. An obligatory element is an internal staircase between floors.
Note! To get rid of wastewater, you need to install a septic tank or connect to a collector. If sewage waste is located close to a drinking water source, it will pollute it with waste.
Stages of construction of a two-story bath
After a suitable place has been chosen on the site, it is time to start multi-stage construction. It must be approached very seriously and responsibly, strictly observing the technology. After all, the bath is not being built for one year and must be assembled correctly.
Construction includes the following mandatory stages:
- Design. The durability of the structure will depend on compliance with all norms and requirements;
- Preparatory work and selection of building materials. The tree for the bath should be well dried and treated with protective compounds, not have resinous areas and knots;
- Foundation construction - tape or columnar. It is laid to the depth of soil freezing, the type depends on the material. The project of a two-story frame bath, due to its lightness of construction, requires, for example, a simple columnar foundation from asbestos pipes;
- Assembly of a log house on the site. Work proceeds according to the numbering indicated on the logs, profiled or glued beams;
- Roof preparation and installation;
- Thermal insulation of the floor and walls in the bath with jute, hemp or flax;
- Installation of a chimney, while taking into account such indicators as corrosion resistance and fire resistance. It is also important to ensure full traction;
- Doors and windows are installed in the bathhouse. For safety reasons, all doors must open outward;
- Treatment of the bath with an impregnation that prevents a fire, the appearance of insects that can damage the wood;
- Interior decoration of premises - installation of a heater, fine finishing of the bath complex, decoration of living rooms.
Two-story sauna from foam blocks
A two-story sauna made of foam blocks is somewhat inferior in environmental friendliness to wooden log cabins.
However, it has some advantages:
- Erected quickly;
- Lightweight;
- Not afraid of fire;
- It is easier to carry out interior decoration than in brick or concrete buildings.
Note! A stove for a foam block bath will suit any stove. You can buy a ready-made one in a store or fold the heater yourself out of bricks.
Output
A two-storey sauna is a great option for those who want to combine comfortable relaxation and hygiene procedures in one place. No shower stall can replace bath procedures.
Why build two separate buildings on the site, when everything can be combined in one, and even arrange a pool inside. The video in this article will more fully demonstrate information on this topic, see!
Projects of baths from foam blocks: a selection
Building blocks have become part of our lives. With their use, not only residential buildings are built, but also bath structures. Reliability and quality that has already been tested by time allows you to build any structures, and auxiliary materials complement the finish, bringing originality to the exterior and interior design.
Typical projects of a bath from blocks are presented in the photo below. Also see the photo report of the construction of a foam block bath.
At the entrance there is a recreation room with a dressing room. From it there is an entrance to the washing compartment and the steam room.
Sauna project from blocks 3x5 m
Baby bath. Outwardly, it does not say anything about the fact that this bath is built of blocks.
The interior layout is also characterized by spartan simplicity.
The project of a bath from foam blocks 3x4
Another project of a bath from blocks. The building is finished with plastic panels.
The interior space is also minimalist. The relaxation room is slightly larger than the combined steam room and shower room.
Bathhouse made of blocks, finished with facing bricks, with an attic floor designed as a studio. Elegant European style.
The interior arrangement is also original. There is a small veranda at the entrance. From the hallway there is a staircase to the second floor, where the shower room is located rather unusually.
On the ground floor there is a spacious living room-kitchen, from which there is an exit to the gym with a sauna.
Sauna from foam blocks 34.6 sq. m
Sauna from foam blocks with a terrace. The original exterior design is beautifully combined with the general decoration of the site. The internal arrangement of the rooms is peculiar. The bias is more in favor of the rest room.
Sauna from foam blocks with an open veranda and a barbecue oven. The interior layout of the rooms is done in a simple conventional style. At the entrance there is a rest room, behind it is the entrance to the sink and the steam room.
How to build using ready-made projects of baths from foam blocks
In modern construction of residential buildings and outbuildings, foam blocks are often used. The price of this material is low, it behaves perfectly in completely different regions of the country.
Construction with this raw material proceeds at a much faster pace than traditional brick construction. In this case, the structures are lightweight, durable and reliable.
Before you start building, planning should be carried out correctly and correctly. It is advisable to draw up a work plan, with fixing all sizes and parameters.
Considering the chosen project of a foam block bath with a rest room, as an example, you can calculate exactly how many foam blocks will be needed for the installation of the structure. The foundation of the bath can also be erected from foam blocks.
The foam block, as a building material, began to be used relatively recently, but has already gained great popularity. He has considerable positive qualities.
Such blocks:
- lightweight;
- warm;
- they are not inferior in strength to stone;
- easy to cut, like wood;
- elements of decorative siding are perfectly mounted on them.
Projects of baths from foam blocks with a veranda or an attic, for example, will help in the construction of buildings that will serve faithfully for a couple of decades without major repairs.
Why you need to draw up a project
In process project documentation it is advisable to carry out the following steps:
- the consumable building material is carefully calculated;
- the location of windows, doors to the bathhouse, as well as internal elements is determined;
- the draft version is discussed with specialists. They will immediately identify "weak" points.
The number of possible bath projects is endless. So, for example, projects of foam block baths with a pool have an open terrace, and simple baths with an attic make it possible to comfortably engage in SPA procedures with a large family.
Experience shows that most often do-it-yourself foam block baths do not have baths. In some cases, the buildings of the latter are rebuilt separately.
Note! Using the advice of specialists, a sketch plan is prepared ─ the basis for a detailed design project. If this is not done, the risk of serious errors is likely (we are talking about cold bridges, building distortions, huge and unreasonable costs associated with thermal insulation and waterproofing of baths).
Material properties
Foam blocks have good performance parameters, they have good sound and heat insulation. Solid interior partitions are obtained from foam blocks, the blocks have good fire resistance.
The product is small in size, has a small mass, which is why, they are easy to lay and mount.
If the block contains an additive in the form of a moisture resistant primer, they will not absorb liquid. Since the arrangement of structural cells is uneven, buildings made of such products are inferior in strength to concrete, as well as reinforced concrete. Therefore, building a sauna from foam blocks is not very difficult, but somewhat risky, here you need to strictly observe all the requirements of the project.
Undertaking to build standard designs of baths from foam blocks, it is necessary to strictly adhere to all technical rules and requirements, similar to those that are present in the construction process of any other baths.
Stages of work
In the absence of special nuances, ready-made projects of a foam block bath are built in the same way as ordinary brick complexes.
Foam blocks are laid in this way:
- on the prepared site is being built strip foundation... It is possible to use blocks at the base of the foundation;
- the foundation is being waterproofed. The latter is covered with a two-layer roofing felt, the dimensions of which are larger than the building material;
- rows of foam blocks are laid on top. The initial layer is placed using a cement-sand mortar. The finished masonry is leveled, compensation for height differences and foundation protrusions is carried out. The correctness is checked by the level. For better shrinkage, the blocks are beaten off with a rubber hammer;
- the second row is laid using special glue. The layer thickness is about 0.5 cm;
- the next rows are laid similarly.
Bath decoration issues
The best options are block house or clapboard. At the end of the external decoration, a boiler is installed inside (how to do this, the instructions will tell you). Practice shows that carrying out external and internal cladding is absolutely necessary, because only with them the building will be able to serve faithfully for more than a dozen years.
Projects of two-story baths from foam blocks are finished only when the waterproofing of the entire surface is completed.
The process consists of two stages:
- for impregnating surfaces, water repellents are used;
- in addition, insulating films are laid.
To maintain the temperature regime, you must:
- insulate the foundation on which the finished project of a foam block bath is being built. Mineral wool is used. Layers of expanded clay and slag are laid. To prevent water from accumulating inside the structure, ventilation holes are made;
- the walls of the bath are insulated with foil. The layer separates the outer wall and the inner cladding;
- the cracks of the window openings are sealed with non-combustible materials. To prevent the windows from fogging up, it is necessary to check the thoroughness of their adherence to the frames;
Advice! The best option there will be installation of window frames with two, or better with three panes. In the process of insulation, the shape of the windows must be taken into account (optimally, the geometry is a horizontal rectangle).
- heat is retained better when the bath is equipped with a small doorway. Both doors and windows must be hermetically sealed.
Output
Warm, beautiful, solid baths are a recognized attribute of any successful site. Staying in it will help relieve the fatigue of a working day, relieve stress, and help in the fight against colds. Using the video in this article, you can get more information on this topic.
Gas silicate bath projects: drawings, photos, DIY construction
Technologies in construction are developing by leaps and bounds. New materials appear that allow you to build faster, and without losing quality. And although aerated concrete is not a novelty - it is already three or four decades old - baths have not been built from it before: this material has a rather high hygroscopicity. But new impregnations have appeared, which can significantly reduce the amount of moisture that the material absorbs. But even without impregnation, using modern steam and waterproofing, you can achieve good results. The average life of a foam block bath is about 20-30 years. If that suits you, start looking for a project.
A gas silicate bath can be built "in one hand", and the process is fast: the blocks are large, but light
One has only to remember that aerated concrete is produced using two technologies. In the production of some, hardening occurs in an autoclave - this is gas concrete and gas silicate. In the production of others (foam concrete), a foaming agent is simply added, then the foamed solution is poured into molds and hardens in air.
Autoclaved aerated concrete is considered to be of higher quality. An autoclave is an expensive equipment, so you can't make the material by handicraft. This is reflected in the cost - gas silicate is more expensive than foam concrete - but the geometry of the material and its quality are usually much better. Since it is desirable to make the seams between the blocks as thin as possible, the geometry is very important. Therefore, when buying, look for gas silicate blocks with the smallest deviations. Even if they are more expensive, as a result you will save money: the glue costs decently, if it turns out to make a seam of 1-2 mm, its consumption will be small. In addition, with such a seam, there will be less heat loss, which means that it will be possible to make a layer of insulation less (if they are insulated) and less fuel will be spent on heating the bath.
It is easy to distinguish gas silicate: due to the fact that lime acts as an astringent element in it, it has a white color. The rest of the porous concrete is gray.
Layout projects
Sometimes, during the construction of gas silicate baths, difficulties arise with the layout and location of premises. The idea can be taken from ready-made projects, if necessary, slightly modified.
If we are talking about small baths, then they most often have three rooms: a relaxation room, which is combined with a dressing room, a washing room and a steam room. Some have a veranda or porch attached.
Layout options for baths 6 by 3 from gas silicate blocks
Medium-sized saunas may already have a dedicated changing room, as well as a vestibule or hall. A tambour or a hall is desirable, since if the front door leads directly to the recreation room, then in winter each door opening threatens with a sharp drop in temperature. Because at least a small vestibule is needed. If there is no way to shield it from the rest room, then you can attach it outside. Let it be small, but closed and insulated.
Nobody argues about whether a changing room is needed (if space permits). The dispute is about where her door should go. There are actually two options: to the sink and the rest room. Both are imperfect. If the locker room doors open into the recreation room, undressing, you will have to go through it. If there is no one there, this is one thing, but if people are resting, this is another. The second option - the doors open into the washing room - is usually devoid of this drawback. But on the other hand, in such a room, the clothes will be damp. So you have to choose: either a nude catwalk or wet clothes. Although the problem of dampness can be solved by making good forced ventilation in the dressing room: the inlet is at the bottom, the exhaust is at the top, and there is an exhaust fan in it.
Bath layout 6 * 4.45 m
Completely in terms of the plan, the bathhouse has a great length of -7.4 m as a veranda is attached to it. It consists of three rooms:
- recreation room 13.66 m2;
- sink with an area of \u200b\u200b4 m2;
- steam room 5.8 m2;
- veranda 4 m2.
In this case, the vestibule can be made by moving the steps and placing the doors. And the locker room can be fenced off at the opposite end of the rest room from the entrance. Then, the truth will have to put a not so large window, or by making two small ones: it is in the recreation room, the second - in the dressing room.
Bath 5 * 5 with a terrace
In this layout of the bath, a rather large terrace is made of gas silicate - it has an area of \u200b\u200b7.5 squares. (Projects of saunas with terraces are available here) Of the internal premises, the steam room has the largest size - 5.8 m2, all the others are smaller. Non-standard solution. Usually the steam room is made small. But why not. The stove is installed in the wall between the steam room and the washing room.
Room area:
- lounge / dressing room 3.8 m2;
- sink 4.5 m2;
- steam room 5.8 m2;
- veranda 7.5 m2.
There are no options for changes: the small size of the premises does not allow any liberties. But on the veranda it will be possible to have a pleasant time in the warm season.
Sauna project 6 * 6 from gas silicate blocks with a terrace
In this layout, 6 * 6 is the size of the bath itself, and the terrace is another two meters. In total, in terms of the entire building will occupy 6 * 8 meters. The approach is more standard: the largest area is at the rest room. The steam room and the washing room are of almost equal dimensions.
The stove stands so that it is heated from the rest room. The solution is ambiguous. Heating is good: the rest room will be warm too. But if you need to put firewood on, and there will be no people outside the steam room in the bath, you will have to go through the shower and go to the rest room. Nothing terrible, but not everyone will like this option. Although the installation of a furnace with a remote firebox is the most popular option in recent years.
The area of \u200b\u200bthe premises in the bath is 6 by 6:
Features of construction from gas silicate
Pouring the foundation and erecting walls during the construction of a bath is no different from similar processes during the construction of a house. The foundation for the baths is often made of tape, the depth is below the freezing of the soil. The width of the tape depends on the dimensions of the block that will be used for construction.
Particular attention must be paid to horizontal waterproofing. Previously, and even today, roofing material is most often put in two layers. But roofing material is a bituminous mastic applied to a layer of building cardboard. At one time it was good material, and there was simply no alternative to it. But it has one very significant drawback: not the longest service life (35 years depending on conditions). Today there are similar roll materials made using the same practically technology, but based on fiberglass (more durable) or steel canvas. It is better to use them - they are more elastic and do not lose their properties for a long time.
Gas silicate is placed on a special glue, which is diluted with water to a semi-liquid state. Only the bottom row is laid on the cement-sand mortar. All others - on a thin layer of glue (no more than 5 mm, and better - 1 mm). It is recommended to lay two reinforcement bars (ribbed with a diameter of 12-14 mm) every 3-4 rows. For them, grooves are cut out using a circular saw, grinder or manual chasing cutter, which is made specifically for foam concrete.
The adhesive is applied using a carriage or a special trowel - a scoop with teeth. The block is cleaned from dust, dirt, glue is applied to the end with which it will dock with the next block, and carefully laid. Correct the position with a rubber mallet.
Masonry is carried out in the same way as brick - with dressing - overlapping the seam of the lower row with the body of the block in the next row. To make the rows of masonry even, use the building level, pull the cord - the mooring. The verticality of walls and corners is controlled by a construction plumb line.
When laying blocks, the seams are made very thin - no more than 5 mm. This allows you not to spend much on glue, but also increases the thermal insulation characteristics of the wall. The glue conducts heat well, because the smaller the cold bridges, the better. The layer is applied using a special trowel or carriage. If necessary, level it with a large notched trowel, which is commonly used by tilers.
For more information about the tool for working with foam blocks, see the article "How to choose trowel trowels and other tools"
Since the gas silicate material is soft, they cannot bear any serious loads. Therefore, when installing the floor, the logs are supported on the foundation. It is specially made wider than the blocks, and the edge of the wall is aligned with the edge of the tape. In some cases, the blocks are shifted 10 centimeters outward. It turns out that the wall seems to hang over the foundation. With such a simple technique, the internal dimensions of the premises are increased. And the resulting depression is then closed with insulation (polystyrene foam plates) and waterproofing. Read about foundation waterproofing here.
With the roof, the situation is standard: a thick wooden bar - a Mauerlat - is laid on the top row, and the entire system is already attached to it. There is a second option: filling the armopoyas. Then they put a formwork or use a special U-shaped blocks, in which four interconnected reinforcement bars are laid (the thickness of the longitudinal 10-12 mm, transverse 6-8 mm).
By wall thickness. Recommended - 25-35 cm, depending on the region. By density - gas silicates of two grades D400 and D500 are most often used. The first one has a lower density, the second one - more, respectively, the D500 is more durable. But in terms of thermal insulation characteristics, D400 is better - walls built with its use are warmer.
Ventilation
When building baths from any material, the main task is to ensure good drying of all rooms after the bath. Then there will be no problems with fungi and mold.
When building a bath from gas silicate blocks with your own hands, do not forget to leave ventilation holes in each room at the top and bottom of the wall. They can probably be cut out later, but why complicate your life. So that during the soaring they do not pull out of them, they are closed with doors. And they do not go into the room - they end under insulation. Their task is to remove all steam from under the skin after visiting the steam room.
Warming
Outside, a gas silicate block bath is insulated depending on the region. In central Russia, 10 cm of basalt wool is enough. In more northern regions, more is needed, in southern regions - less. The use of mineral wool is associated with certain difficulties: it is afraid of moisture and loses its properties when wet. And if it freezes wet, it will simply crumble. But that's not all. Since the foam block is quite hygroscopic, it also needs to be protected from moisture. Therefore, beforehand, before laying the insulation, it is treated with impregnation of the Penetron or Kalmatron type. After drying, you can proceed to the thermal insulation.
Based on all this, it makes sense to spend money on the purchase of extruded polystyrene foam. He himself does not absorb water and does not conduct it, has a low thermal conductivity, and is not damaged by rodents and insects. This one material, laid without gaps, will be both waterproof and thermal insulation.
A crate is stuffed on top of the insulation, and the sheathing is already there. You can attach a painting net to expanded polystyrene, and plaster over it - if this type of finish attracts you more.
Inside the steam room will be insulated like this (from the wall - to the steam room):
- cement-based impregnation, which reduces hygroscopicity;
- bar 50 * 40 m;
- a heat insulator between them;
- steam and hydro-barrier - usually foil-clad film (glue the joints and meta fasteners with special tape - buy in the same place as the film);
- counter lattice not less than 2.5 cm thick;
- lining.
In other rooms, including the washing room, you can not install the insulation. If you also cover the washroom with clapboard, then a vapor barrier film should remain. It may no longer be foil-coated (this is mainly only for steam rooms), but both it and the impregnation should be. In the rest, "dry" rooms, the impregnation remains (the humidity is still high), the lathing, and the lining is stuffed with it.
Ceiling insulation in the steam room is standard (bottom-up, as viewed from the steam room):
- lining;
- vapor barrier film (foil);
- rough ceiling;
- insulation from the attic.
Moreover, a ventilation gap is required between the lining and the vapor barrier. It is organized using a counter-lattice. Read more about insulating the ceiling of the steam room in the article "How to insulate the ceiling in a bath with your own hands"
Steam room and washing
No matter how you try to carefully seal the vapor barrier, water will still seep under all layers and settle in the wall. To minimize its amount, it is better to decorate the walls in the sink with tiles. Afraid that it will be cold, make a warm floor (you can also walls).
In the steam room, too, lay the floor and part of the wall - 10 cm or higher - with tiles. And then the whole "pie" is in full.
If, when building a gas silicate bath with your own hands, you take into account all these nuances, it will delight you for many years.
Roof
The roof has one peculiarity: the roofing material should be light. This could be:
- soft roof - from roll materials or soft bitumen shingles;
- professional flooring;
- metal tile;
- wooden roof.
The entire system is attached to the Mauerlat, and it is attached to the upper armored belt with long pins. When attaching the rafter system, everything is attached only to the timber. It is not worth fixing to the walls - there is no sense from this: gas silicate does not withstand prolonged point loads, crumbles and cracks. Therefore, an armopoyas is needed.
A one-story small bathhouse with a steam room and a dressing room? This is already the past. Today in the bath they want to see a place where they improve their health, enjoy and spend their leisure time. Therefore, the construction of a modern bath today has significantly moved away from any patterns - comfort has become the main design criterion. And functional and economical two-story baths have become fashionable, where a standard bath complex is located on the first floor, and a rest room and other living quarters are already located on the second.
And really, why build a separate bathhouse and a house if they can be easily and with great benefit combined into one thing? So, many projects of two-story baths provide for such a design of a steam room, in which you can safely make a whole full-fledged housing on the second floor. On the first floor: a steam room, a washing room, a bathroom, a kitchen and utility rooms, and on the second - a living room, bedrooms, a home office and a gym. The possibilities are unlimited, if the second floor of the bath is done really thoroughly.
Why are two-story baths good?
So what are the projects for? What are the advantages of the second floor for the steam room? But which ones:
- A two-story bathhouse has a much greater compactness of premises and takes up much less space on the site than a one-story bath of the same total area.
- The second floor of the bath is much easier to heat than the first - all thanks to the rising hot air from the steam room.
- The appearance of the two-story bathhouse is much more solid and presentable than the usual one.
- The most popular option today is considered to be the option of a two-story bath with a pool - after all, it is in such a construction that a place is easily located on it.
In general, the project of a two-story bath from a bar has undeniable advantages - but only you must choose it from the ready-made ones, developed by professionals. After all, this is the second floor, which means interfloor overlap and certain building codes. That is why the only project that you can compose yourself is a project of a two-story bath made of foam blocks due to the lightness of the material, and even then this is undesirable. Ready, and only ready.
Features of the placement of communications
All engineering and communication systems in a two-story bath are seriously different in their complexity and in their purpose from those that are in a regular steam bath. This time, every little thing is important: how the ventilation for the second floor will function, where exactly the bathroom will be located, where the drainage will go, how and how such a bath will be heated. By the way, such a second floor is heated not due to the warm floor because of the hot steam rising in the steam room - there is no longer the same interfloor overlap as when equipping the attic. In this case, radiators are most often installed, which can work alternately from the common sauna stove and, during its non-use, from an electric boiler, for example. For this, the project must necessarily provide for the presence of a separate boiler room, and it is desirable that the entire heating system in such a bath be controlled using a remote control.
But the following were recognized as the most rational options today: the first floor is directly a bathhouse and a garage, which have one common wall and themselves occupy a lot of space. But the second one is already a full-fledged residential building, with a small terrace on the second floor and an internal staircase to the first. All in one - rational, economical, and modern. In Finland, for example, a residential building and even a city apartment simply cannot be imagined without a good sauna - so in Russia this is becoming normal.
Consider the ready-made projects proposed below, select those that are most suitable for your site - and read about all the intricacies of building and arranging such structures on our website.