SP 160.1325800 multifunctional buildings and complexes. Stu on multifunctional buildings
Technical regulation in the field of fire safety is an establishment in regulatory legal acts Russian Federation and regulatory documents on fire safety, fire safety requirements for products, design, production, operation, storage, transportation, sale and disposal (part 2 of article 4 123-FZ).
The regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation on fire safety include technical regulations adopted in accordance with the Federal Law "On Technical Regulation", federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation establishing mandatory fire safety requirements (part 2 of article 4 123 -FZ).
SP 160.1325800.2014. Set of rules. Buildings and complexes are multifunctional. Design Rules "was developed in accordance with the Federal Laws" Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures "and" On Energy Saving and on Increasing Energy Efficiency and on Amending Certain legislative acts Russian Federation. "SP 160.1325800.2014 does not contain information on its development in accordance with Federal Law No. 123-FZ.
Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2014 N 1521 (as amended on September 29, 2015) approved the "List of national standards and sets of rules (parts of such standards and sets of rules), as a result of which, on a mandatory basis, compliance with the requirements of the Federal Law" Technical Regulations on safety of buildings and structures. ”This list contains mandatory fire safety requirements, which is due to the fact that Federal Law No. 384-FZ establishes the minimum necessary requirements to buildings and structures (including to their constituent networks of engineering and technical support and systems of engineering and technical support), as well as to the processes of design (including surveys), construction, installation, adjustment, operation and disposal (demolition), including fire safety requirements (part 6 of article 3 384-FZ). SP 160.1325800.2014 is absent from this list. Based on the above, SP 160.1325800.2014 does not contain mandatory fire safety requirements, therefore, it is not normative legal act Russian Federation for fire safety.
Fire safety regulations include national standards, sets of rules containing fire safety requirements, as well as other documents containing fire safety requirements, the use of which on a voluntary basis ensures compliance with the requirements of this Federal Law (Part 3, Article 4 123-FZ) ...
The list of documents in the field of standardization, as a result of which, on a voluntary basis, compliance with the requirements of the Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-fz "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" is ensured by Order of Rosstandart No. 474 of April 16, 2014 (as amended on February 25, 2014) .2016). SP 160.1325800.2014 is absent in this list, therefore, SP 160.1325800.2014 regulatory document for fire safety is not.
Conclusion: “SP 160.1325800.2014. Set of rules. Buildings and complexes are multifunctional. Design Rules "does not contain fire safety regulations, therefore, special technical conditions must be developed for multi-functional buildings. In accordance with the Letter of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia dated May 26, 2014 N 2346-13-2-02 "On fire protection of multifunctional buildings", these special technical conditions must contain the necessary requirements for dividing the building into fire compartments, water consumption for the purpose of external and internal fire extinguishing, and also requirements for the limits of fire resistance of the walls of staircases and elevator shafts crossing the boundaries of fire compartments (type I fire floors), etc.
For information: Order of Rosstandart dated 30.03.2015 N 365 (revised from 25.12.2015) approved the "List of documents in the field of standardization, as a result of which, on a voluntary basis, compliance with the requirements of Federal Law of December 30, 2009 N 384-FZ" was approved Technical regulations on the safety of buildings and structures. ”SP 160.1325800.2014 this list is included. However, in accordance with the Letter of the Ministry of Construction of Russia dated 05.09.2016 N 31617-OG / 08“ On the procedure for applying national standards and codes of practice in the design and construction of enterprises, buildings and structures "non-application of this set of rules cannot be assessed as non-compliance with the requirements of technical regulations.
] and codes of rules for the fire protection system, provisions of current building codes and codes of practice, domestic experience in research and design practice (JSC TsNIIEP dwelling and other leading institutions), the requirements of international and European regulatory documents.
This set of rules establishes requirements for the design of multi-functional buildings and complexes, taking into account the existing SP 54.13330, SP 118.13330, SP 113.13330, SP 59.13330.
The set of rules was executed by JSC TsNIIEP of residential and public buildings (TsNIIEP dwelling). Head of work - Cand. architects, prof. A.A. Magai, executive officer - Cand. arch-ry, associate professor N.V. Dubynin; performer - Cand. tech. Sciences, prof. V.S. Belyaev.
SET OF RULES
MULTI-FUNCTIONAL BUILDINGS AND COMPLEXES Mixed-use buildings and complexes. Regulations of design |
Date of introduction - 2014-09-01
1 area of use
1.1 This set of rules applies to the design and construction of new, reconstructed and overhauled multifunctional buildings up to 75 m in height with the placement of public premises on floors located no higher than 55 m and having a buried underground part of up to 15 m, as well as multifunctional complexes and sections of these buildings and complexes.
1.2 This set of rules does not apply to the design of multifunctional seasonal and mobile buildings and structures.
2 Normative references
2.1 This set of rules uses normative references to the following documents:
4 General
4.1 The rules for determining the area, construction volume, building area, number of storeys, height and depth of multifunctional buildings are given in the appendix
4.2 The design of buildings with space-planning parameters (height or depth) exceeding those specified in this set of rules is carried out taking into account the provisions.
4.3 The availability of multi-functional buildings and complexes for people with limited mobility (MGN), the layout of the site, premises intended for the stay or residence of the MGN, and their equipment must comply with the requirements of SP 59.13330, SP 136.13330, SP 137.13330, SP 138.13330, SP 140.13330, SP 147.13330.
4.4 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, measures should be taken to protect residents, workers and visitors from criminal manifestations, taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330 and SP 132.13330.
4.5 When commissioning a multifunctional building or complex, the customer is provided with instructions for the operation of his premises, which should contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of residential and public premises, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation. The instruction is developed by the designer, customer or other organization on behalf of the customer. The procedure for developing instructions and composition is given in.
4.6 Safety in the use of multifunctional buildings and complexes is ensured in accordance with.
5 Requirements for the sites for the location of multifunctional buildings and complexes
5.1 On the sites of multifunctional buildings and complexes, as part of them or within walking distance from them, in accordance with SP 42.13330, the following should be placed:
Service facilities for residents and workers;
Parking places and stops for cars for residents, workers and visitors;
Places of parking and stops for trucks and buses serving the building (if necessary).
5.2 The required number of parking spaces for passenger cars belonging to residents of multi-functional buildings should be determined at the rate of 450 cars per 1000 residents. The number of parking spaces for passenger cars in guest parking lots should be determined in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.3 The required number of parking spaces for passenger cars of employees and visitors of objects of different functional purposes, which are part of multi-functional buildings, should be determined in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.4 Planning organization and the development of the site should ensure the autonomy of the functional planning components of multifunctional buildings by organizing for each of the separate entrances, entrances and lobbies. The city service facilities located within the boundaries of the site must be provided with free access to the city population.
5.5 Landscaping of the territory of multifunctional buildings and complexes should be designed in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.6 The area of greening of the territory of multifunctional buildings and complexes is determined at the rate of at least 5.0 m 2 per inhabitant, taking into account the landscaping of the operated roofs and special recreation rooms (winter gardens), distributed on the floors of the building.
6 Requirements for space-planning and structural solutions of multifunctional buildings and complexes
6.1 Buildings
6.1.1 The composition, area and mutual arrangement of functional and planning components of multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined by the design assignment.
6.1.2 A list of the main groups of premises that can be included in multifunctional buildings and complexes is given in the appendix.
It is not allowed to place premises in multi-functional buildings and complexes for storing flammable and combustible liquids of categories A and B, taking into account.
6.1.3 In multi-functional buildings and complexes where, in accordance with the layout of civil defense structures and the design assignment, civil defense facilities should be arranged, for these purposes, dual-use premises should be provided in accordance with SP 88.13330.
6.1.4 The functional and planning components of multifunctional buildings and complexes can be united by horizontal and vertical communications (passages, stairs, etc.), but at the same time they must be functionally and planning isolated and have separate escape staircases and exits in accordance with fire safety requirements, as well as halls and lobbies.
6.1.5 Through driveways and walkways in buildings and structures at ground or first floor level should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330.
6.1.6 The height of floors and premises is determined in the design assignment, but not less than the established SP 118.13330 for public premises, as well as SP 54.13330 for residential premises.
The height of the technical floor is determined depending on the type of engineering equipment placed in it, engineering networks and the conditions of their operation in the design assignment, but not less than the established SP 118.13330.
6.1.8 At all external entrances to multifunctional buildings and complexes, vestibules with parameters corresponding to the requirements of SP 118.13330 should be provided.
The need for a double vestibule at the entrance to the lobbies and stairwells of the residential part of the building is determined in accordance with SP 54.13330.
Natural lighting of double vestibules is allowed to be provided with a second light.
6.1.9 Roofs should be designed taking into account the following requirements:
Up to two floors (no higher than 6 meters), inclusive - any drain is allowed, including unorganized with the obligatory installation of visors over the entrances and balconies of the second floor, the eaves must be at least 0.6 m;
Up to five floors (no higher than 15 m), inclusive - an external organized drain or, if necessary, an internal one must be provided;
Six or more floors (above 15 m) - only an internal drain should be arranged.
6.1.10 Placement of sites for various purposes for residents and employees of multi-functional buildings on the operated roof should be in accordance with SP 54.13330, recommendations for their organization are given in.
6.1.11 In the lobby group on the first floor, a pantry should be provided for storing cleaning equipment, locations for post office boxes, premises for a guard post, an attendant (concierge), and also, if required by a design assignment, a control room.
It is recommended to design the rooms of the control room, the guard post, the attendant (concierge) with natural lighting (second light is allowed) and with access to the lobby group. The workplace must be provided with an area of at least 3.5 m 2. In addition, a place for warming up and eating, as well as resting should be provided in the security post.
These premises should have a bathroom equipped with a washbasin and a toilet. The entrance to the bathroom is allowed from the working room.
6.1.12 When placing adjacent residential and public premises, the restrictions established in SP 54.13330 should be taken into account.
6.1.13 Means of vertical transport (elevators, etc.), as well as the parameters of lift halls serving public spaces, should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330, living quarters - in accordance with SP 54.13330.
6.1.14 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, it is allowed to arrange premises for temporary stay and leisure of children (up to 3-4 hours without food and sleep), in compliance with SanPiN 2.4.2.2821 and SanPiN 2.4.1.3049. Such premises do not contain bedrooms or kitchens. They should be placed no higher than the second floor and with an autonomous evacuation exit, preferably on the side opposite to the main entrances to the building.
6.1.15 Operated roof with total area less than 300 m 2 or intended for a stay of less than 15 people must have one evacuation exit.
Additional evacuation exits should be provided from an exploited roof with a total area of more than 300 m 2, or intended for a stay of more than 15 people, recommendations for their arrangement are set out in.
6.1.16 Requirements for concrete and reinforced concrete structures without prestressing reinforcement used in the design of multifunctional buildings and complexes are established in a set of rules approved and recommended by the Gosstroy of Russia.
6.2 Living quarters
6.2.1 Requirements for living quarters in the form of apartments and penthouses should be adopted in accordance with SP 54.13330 and taking into account the rules given in Art.
Residential premises in the form of apartment-type apartments and dormitory apartments in terms of composition and planning parameters must also comply with SP 54.13330.
6.2.2 All living rooms hotel rooms, apartment-type apartments and apartment-type dormitories must have natural light. The requirements for their natural lighting should be adopted in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278, for insolation and sun protection - in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076. Insolation and sun protection requirements are also given in. At the same time, at least 60% of living rooms should be insulated in dormitories. The time of insolation of hotel rooms is not regulated. The numbers oriented to the horizon sector 180 ° - 270 ° must have sun protection devices.
Kitchens in apartment-type apartments may be designed with secondary lighting or in the form of niches, regardless of the number of living rooms.
The bathrooms of the apartments can be designed combined, regardless of the number of living rooms.
6.2.3 Apartment-type apartments are designed on the basis of one family occupancy. Apartment-type dormitories - based on the settlement of one family in each room.
6.2.4 As part of apartments and apartments of an apartment type, it is allowed to provide reception rooms for one or two doctors (in agreement with the authorities of the sanitary-epidemiological service), a massage room for one specialist.
6.2.5 Hotel rooms may be designed as one living room. If necessary, additional rooms, a front room, a sanitary unit, a dressing room can be included in their composition. It is allowed to provide for the possibility of combining two or more adjacent rooms, as well as the device at the rooms of the cabinets (offices).
6.2.6 Hotel rooms of superior comfort (apartments, presidential, luxury) should be designed as a part of two or more living rooms, providing at least two sanitary facilities. The composition of other additional premises and equipment, including the kitchen, is determined by the design assignment.
As part of the apartments, it is allowed to provide premises for personal service personnel (living room, service room with wardrobes, bathroom).
6.2.7 All hotel rooms must have built-in wardrobes for outerwear, linen, luggage, located in the front or living room - at a minimum rate of 1 wardrobe (0.60 × 0.55 m) per person.
In superior rooms with 3 or more rooms, with sleeping quarters, dressing rooms with an area of at least 6 m 2 should be provided.
6.2.8 The height of hallways, corridors and bathrooms of hotel rooms should be taken at least 2.1 m, living rooms - at least 2.5 m.The width of living rooms should be taken at least 2.4 m, the width of hallways - at least 1.05 m.
6.3 Public spaces
6.3.1 Requirements for public premises, including offices, should be adopted in accordance with SP 118.13330, for parking spaces - in accordance with SP 113.13330.
Requirements for the premises for sports and physical education are given in.
6.3.2 To load the premises of trade enterprises and Catering with a total area of more than 150 m 2, closed landing stages should be provided, located on the ground floor or in the underground level. When the area of these premises is less than 150 m 2, their loading should be performed in accordance with SP 54.13330.
6.3.3 The number of visitors to the recreation premises and the winter garden located in the building is determined by a specific indicator equal to 0.15 of the estimated number of residents, workers or visitors (depending on which of them these premises are designed for).
6.3.4 Design of baths and saunas as part of multifunctional buildings and complexes shall be carried out taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330. As part of apartments - in accordance with SP 54.13330.
It is not allowed to place individual baths and saunas of apartments adjacent, above and below the living rooms of neighboring apartments and apartment-type apartments.
It is not allowed to place public baths and saunas adjacent, above and below living quarters (apartments, apartment-type apartments, hotel rooms).
7 Fire safety
7.1 Requirements for fire resistance and fire safety of buildings and building structures, requirements for preventing the spread of fire, ensuring evacuation, fire requirements for engineering systems and equipment of buildings, as well as requirements for extinguishing fire and rescue operations should be adopted in accordance with, SP 1.13130, SP 2.13130 , SP 3.13130, SP 4.13130, SP 5.13130, SP 6.13130, SP 7.13130, SP 10.13130, SP 54.13330, SP 60.13330, SP 118.13330, GOST 12.1.004.
In this set of rules, amendments and detailing of regulatory provisions have been adopted that do not reduce the fire safety of buildings and structures in comparison with the requirements of these documents.
7.2 Multifunctional buildings higher than 75 m or with public premises located on floors whose height is more than 55 meters, as well as those classified as especially complex and unique in accordance with subparagraphs 1 and 4 of paragraph 2 of Article 48.1, must be designed taking into account the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 78.
7.3 It is allowed to provide for the access of fire ladders and car lifts only from one side to the building in the following cases:
Equipping the building with the whole complex of fire protection systems in accordance with;
Bilateral orientation of premises (apartments, offices, etc.);
Devices of external stairs connecting loggias (balconies) by floor, or stairs of the 3rd type with a corridor planning system.
7.4 A part of the building with premises of functional fire hazard class F1 in a multifunctional building of a different functional fire hazard class should be separated into a separate fire compartment.
Parts of a multifunctional building with an area of 4000 m 2 and more may not be separated into an independent compartment, provided that this part of the building is separated from others by fire walls and ceilings with a REI 180 fire resistance limit.
7.5 Communication between fire compartments of one class of functional fire hazard (including fire compartments with atriums) can be carried out:
Horizontally - through openings protected by fire doors (sliding partitions, gates, fire curtains or curtains) with a fire resistance limit in accordance with current fire regulations;
Vertically - through smoke-free staircases and lift shafts with air pressure in case of fire with doors having a fire resistance limit of at least 1 hour.
7.6 In a part of a building of one class of functional fire hazard, instead of fire walls for solving architectural, planning and functional tasks, it is allowed:
Installation of deluge curtains in two lines located at a distance of 0.5 m from each other and providing an irrigation rate of at least 1 l / s per running meter of the curtain with an operating time of at least 1 hour;
Arrangement of fire zones with a width of at least 8 m without placing combustible substances and materials within it.
b) internal fire-fighting water supply and automatic fire extinguishing in accordance with SP 5.13130 and SP 10.13130;
c) lifts for fire departments - fire lifts (in buildings with a height of no more than 6 floors and equipped with the entire SPZ complex, lifts for transporting fire departments may not be provided);
d) automatic fire alarm in accordance with SP 5.13130 (an automatic fire alarm device is not required in the presence of automatic fire extinguishing);
e) fire warning and evacuation management in accordance with SP 3.13130, taking into account.
f) means of individual and collective protection and rescue of people in accordance with;
g) space-planning and technical solutions that ensure the timely evacuation of people and their protection from hazardous fire factors in accordance with SP 1.13130 and SP 4.13130.
i) regulation of fire resistance and fire hazard of structures and finishing materials;
j) devices that limit the spread of fire and smoke (fire barriers, fire compartments, etc.) in accordance with SP 4.13130.
7.8 Management of fire protection systems [, items a) - e)] should be carried out from one central control panel (CPU SPZ) in accordance with SP 3.13130.
7.9 When constructing tunnels with a length (without gaps) of more than 100 m and entrances, exits, entrances and exits from them to buildings and premises in them, it is necessary to provide:
Installation of one fire hydrant and one fire hydrant per 100 m of the length of the tunnel;
TV control device;
Equipment with a smoke protection system that can be combined with a ventilation system;
The connection of tunnels and adjoining objects should be provided through vestibules, the outer doors of which must be fireproof with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.6 hours.
7.10 The protection of buildings with automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms should be carried out taking into account the requirements.
7.11 The arrangement of atriums is allowed in the building or in its part allocated to the fire compartment, equipped with an SDR in accordance with these rules. The atrium and all premises of the building (fire compartment) are equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing system, a smoke fire alarm and a smoke exhaust system.
At an atrium height of more than 17 m, sprinkler sprinklers should be installed under structures protruding into the atrium space (balconies, ceilings, etc.) without installing sprinkler sprinklers in the atrium cover.
In the case of replacing the fire wall with a deluge curtain, the fire compartment is also equipped with a fire compartment, separated by the specified deluge curtain from the fire compartment with an atrium.
7.12 All rooms leading to the atrium (passage) must have at least two escape routes along the horizontal passage (gallery). If the room is intended for sleeping, then the length of the escape route along the horizontal passage from the door of this room to the protected evacuation exit leading to the staircase should be no more than 30 m.If the room is not used for sleeping, the length of such a passage should be no more than 60 m ...
7.13 Communication of the premises and corridors of the underground part of the building with the atrium is allowed only through air locks with air pressure in case of fire.
7.14 Passing through the atrium from rooms that do not open into the atrium is not considered an evacuation route.
7.15 Atrium roof structures should be made of non-combustible materials. Glazing of openings in the enclosing structures (coatings) of atriums must be silicate.
7.16 The decoration of the interior surfaces of atriums should be made, as a rule, of non-combustible materials.
7.17 The fire resistance limit of the enclosing structures of rooms and corridors adjacent to the atrium must be at least 0.75 hours, and the doors leaving these rooms in the atrium must be 0.5 hours. It is allowed to use glazed partitions and doors with a fire resistance limit of at least 0, 25 h, protected by deluge curtains.
The consumption of water for extinguishing a fire for deluge installations within 1 hour from the start of fire extinguishing should be taken in accordance with.
7.18 Opening of smoke exhaust valves in atriums should be carried out automatically from the signals of smoke detectors, remotely (from buttons installed in stairwells) and manually. The opening of the valves in the atrium roof should not be impeded by precipitation.
7.19 The control of the SPS should provide various options (automatically and from the central control room of the SPS) of its inclusion, depending on the place of the fire: in the atrium (passage), on the galleries, in the rooms leading to the atrium (passage).
7.20 The sauna room should be designed in accordance with SP 4.13130, SP 2.13130, SP 5.13130.
7.21 It is not allowed to use floor coverings with a higher fire hazard than those indicated in tables 28 and 29 of the Federal Law and SP 1.13130.
7.22 For the device of coatings, including light-transmitting ones, over hall rooms and atriums in buildings with a height of not more than 30 m, it is allowed to use wooden structures with fire retardant treatment. The quality of the fire retardant treatment should ensure that the weight loss of protected wood when tested in accordance with GOST 16363 should not exceed 13%.
A combustible roof should be designed no closer than 4 m from the edge of the light-transmitting coating.
7.23 Skylights (skylights), when used in a smoke exhaust system, must be equipped with automatic, remote and manual drives for opening in the event of a fire, and when using silicate glass, also with a protective mesh at the bottom.
For skylights, it is allowed to use light-transmitting materials on an organic basis, which do not form burning melts when exposed to fire.
7.24 Windows of rooms equipped with an air conditioning system may be oriented to courtyards with a light-transmitting coating. In this case, the fire resistance limit of these windows must be at least 0.5 hours or they must be protected by an automatic fire extinguishing system located above them from the side of the rooms.
In rooms with a two-way orientation (to the courtyard with a coating and to the street) and firefighters access from ladders and car lifts from the street side, automatic fire extinguishing is not allowed. It is also allowed not to provide for the entry of fire engines into the courtyard.
Openings for natural smoke exhaust must be provided in the courtyard cover.
7.25 Stairwells and elevator shafts, providing technological (functional) communication between underground and aboveground floors, may be designed no higher than the 3rd aboveground floor, not including them in the calculation of escape routes. With 2 or more underground floors, these staircases should be smoke-free type 2 or 3, and lift shafts - with air pressure in case of fire. In this case, these stairs are evacuation stairs if they have access directly to the outside, to the lobby with at least 2 exits to the outside, or the corridor leading to the exit to the outside (no more than 12 m without smoke exhaust or 24 m with a smoke exhaust system).
The transition from these stairs and lifts to stairs and lifts intended for servicing and evacuating above-ground floors is allowed through a vestibule with air pressure.
7.26 Power supply lines for control and monitoring devices and fire control devices, as well as connecting lines for control of automatic fire extinguishing, smoke removal or warning systems should be carried out with independent wires and cables. The fire resistance limit of the channel fencing for laying the electrical network of fire-fighting devices is taken in accordance with SP 5.13130.
7.27 When equipping building facades with lifting devices for repairing and cleaning facades, these devices should be designed for use by fire departments, including for rescuing people.
7.28 Fire-fighting water supply and smoke protection should be provided in accordance with SP 10.13130 and SP 7.13130.
7.29 Fire alarm and fire warning systems should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 3.13130 and SP 5.13130.
Multifunctional buildings should be equipped with an automatic fire alarm information transmission channel to the fire department.
7.30 When arranging built-in or built-in-attached parking lots in buildings, you should follow the instructions, SP 1.13130, SP 2.13130, SP 4.13130 and SP 113.13330.
8 Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements
8.1 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements should be adopted for residential premises in accordance with SP 54.13330; for public premises in accordance with SP 118.13330, including for dormitory premises in accordance with SP 2.1.2.2844, trade enterprises - SP 2.3.6.1066, public catering - SP 2.3.6.1079.
8.2 When designing multifunctional buildings and complexes, it is necessary to ensure protection from sources of external noise in residential and public premises and the adjacent territory. The required value of noise reduction, the choice of measures and means of noise protection are determined taking into account the characteristics of external noise sources.
The permissible noise levels for residential and public premises should be taken in accordance with GOST 12.1.036, SanPiN 2.1.2.2645. Noise requirements are also given in.
8.3 Technical rooms in which equipment is located that is a source of noise and vibration (ventilation chambers, shafts and machine rooms of elevators, pumping rooms, machine rooms of refrigeration units, heating points and others) should not be located adjacent, above and below living quarters, as well as public (auditorium and rehearsal halls, stages, reading rooms, wards, doctors' offices, rooms with children staying in children's institutions, classrooms, administrative rooms with permanent residence of people).
The placement of technical premises adjacent to, above and below residential and public premises is allowed provided that the normative parameters of noise and vibration are ensured.
8.4 In order to prevent the formation of gas contamination zones and their localization, it is necessary to develop planning solutions buildings and territories, taking into account the conditions of aeration and providing sanitary and hygienic standards for the quality of atmospheric air.
9 Durability and maintainability
9.1 Elements, parts, equipment with service lives less than the expected service life of the building must be replaced in accordance with the overhaul periods established in the project and taking into account the requirements of the design assignment.
9.2 Structures and parts of buildings and their equipment must be made of materials that are resistant to possible effects of moisture, low temperatures, aggressive environment, biological and other adverse factors, or protected from their influence in accordance with SP 28.13330, GOST 28574, GOST 28575.
9.3 In the design of structures, emergency situations arising in connection with an explosion, collision, fire, which can lead to the failure or weakening of any structural element and cause progressive collapse, should be considered.
10 Engineering equipment
10.1 Buildings should provide for household drinking, fire fighting and hot water supply, sewerage and drainage systems, in accordance with SP 30.13330 and SP 31.13330, as well as SP 4.13130, SP 5.13130, SP 10.13130.
10.2 Drainage of rain and melt water from the roofs of multi-functional buildings equipped with a system of internal gutters, if possible, should be carried out through outlets into a closed intra-quarter system storm sewer in accordance with the technical specifications.
10.3 In buildings, heating, ventilation and, if necessary, air conditioning systems should be provided to ensure appropriate temperature, humidity, air purification and disinfection.
Heating, ventilation, smoke protection, air conditioning should be designed in accordance with SP 60.13330, SP 7.13130, GOST 30494, GOST R 52539.
10.4 When supplying heat from the general IHP of residential and public premises, each of the systems should be connected through independent pipelines from the distribution (supply) and collection (return) collectors with the installation, if necessary, of heat meters for consumers of each group.
10.5 Ventilation and air conditioning systems should be designed with the possibility of their autonomous regulation from the room in which the user is located.
10.6 When installing a central air conditioning system, a safe refrigerant should be used; at local it is allowed to use freon or similar refrigerants. It is not allowed to install window air conditioners.
10.7 Ventilation ducts for public premises are not allowed to be laid through residential premises. They can be placed in stairwells or outside corridors.
Pressure sections of air ducts of ventilation systems, the air of which may contain hazardous substances of the 1st - 2nd hazard class in accordance with GOST 12.1.007, should not be laid inside the building.
10.8 Buildings should provide for electrical equipment, electrical lighting, telephony, dispatching and automation systems for engineering equipment, a television and radio broadcasting network, a wire radio and cable television network, and the Internet.
10.9 In terms of the degree of reliability of power supply, electrical receivers of multi-functional buildings should be classified as reliability categories I and II, the requirements for which are also given in.
The electrical receivers of the I category of reliability should include fire alarm systems (fire alarm, elevators for lifting fire departments, warning people about a fire), evacuation and emergency lighting, light barriers, communication, security and security systems, central telecommunications equipment, electrical receivers of engineering systems of the complex , automation and dispatching systems for engineering equipment, dispatching rooms, ASUD (automated dispatch control system), IIASUE (measuring integrated automated energy saving control system) and, if necessary, others.
The rest of the electrical receivers are referred to the II category of reliability.
10.10 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, the power supply for electrical receivers of the I category of reliability must be carried out from two independent mutually redundant power sources with an automatic transfer switch (ATS).
The power supply of fire protection systems should be carried out from separate panels of the main switchboard, which have distinctive markings, in two independent directions, with delivery to the switchgears of each fire compartment.
10.11 The installation of built-in and attached transformer substations is allowed on the first, basement or first underground floors with an exit directly to the outside. They should only use dry-type transformers.
Residential and public premises should not be located above, below and adjacent to built-in and attached transformer substations.
10.12 The automation and dispatching system of engineering equipment is recommended to be implemented as a single one for the entire building. This system should be controlled from the control room, which can be located both in the designed multifunctional facility, and outside it. The system is recommended to be built on a modular basis and have the ability to flexibly add to signal processing different types without rebuilding the entire system, as well as be able to connect new zones, monitoring or control areas to the dispatching system with access to the dispatcher's console.
Should ensure high reliability systems and build it on the basis of a decentralized local network for fire compartments, providing information exchange between controllers, control equipment, information collection equipment and the central control panel of the dispatcher.
10.13 It is not allowed to provide domestic gas supply systems in multi-functional buildings of 11 floors or more, including gas-fueled stoves.
It is not allowed to install gas equipment in the kitchens of public premises intended for catering.
10.14 The need for and the features of dust and waste disposal systems are determined in the design assignment.
11 Energy saving
11.1 The design of architectural, functional, technological, structural and engineering solutions for multifunctional buildings and complexes should be carried out taking into account the requirements for the efficient use of energy resources and ensuring the internal microclimate of the premises on the basis and in accordance with SP 50.13330. Also, the rules for designing thermal protection and requirements for energy efficiency are given in,,.
11.2 Requirements for energy efficiency for multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined by the design assignment and calculated in project documentation.
11.3 Classes of energy efficiency of multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined in accordance with SP 50.13330.
11.4 Designing multi-functional buildings and complexes with energy efficiency classes D, E is not allowed. Classes A, B, C are established for newly erected and reconstructed buildings at the stage of development of design documentation. Subsequently, during operation, the energy saving class of the building should be clarified during the energy survey. If it turns out to be less than class C, measures should be developed to improve it.
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MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION
AND HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
SET OF RULES |
SP 160.1325800.2014 |
BUILDINGS AND COMPLEXES
MULTIFUNCTIONAL.
DESIGN RULES
Moscow 2014
Foreword
About the set of rules
1 CONTRACTOR - Open Joint Stock Company "Central Research and Design Institute of Residential and Public Buildings"
2 INTRODUCED by the Technical Committee for Standardization TK 465 "Construction", the Federal autonomous institution"Federal Center for Regulation, Standardization and Technical Conformity Assessment in Construction" (FAU "FCS")
3 PREPARED for Department approval urban planning activities and architecture of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation (Ministry of Construction of Russia)
4 APPROVED by Order of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation No. 440 / pr dated August 7, 2014 and put into effect on September 1, 2014.
5 REGISTERED by the Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart)
6 INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME
1 area of use. 2 3 Terms and definitions. 4 4 General Provisions. 5 5 Requirements for the sites for the location of multifunctional buildings and complexes. 5 6 Requirements for space-planning and structural solutions of multifunctional buildings and complexes. 6 6.1 Buildings. 6 6.2 Living quarters. 7 6.3 Public spaces. eight 7 Fire safety. 9 8 Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements. 12 9 Durability and maintainability. thirteen 10 Engineering equipment. thirteen 11 Energy saving. 14 Appendix A. (mandatory). Rules for determining the area, construction volume, building area, number of storeys, height and depth of buildings. 15 Appendix B. (reference). The list of the main groups of premises included in the composition of multifunctional buildings and complexes. 17 Bibliography. 17 |
Introduction
This set of rules has been developed in accordance with the Federal Laws "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" and "On Energy Saving and on Increasing Energy Efficiency and on Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation". The requirements of the Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" and the codes of rules for the fire protection system, the provisions of the current building codes and codes of practice, domestic experience in research and design practice (JSC TsNIIEP dwelling and other leading institutions), the requirements of international and European regulatory documents were also taken into account. ...
This set of rules establishes requirements for the design of multi-functional buildings and complexes, taking into account the existing SP 54.13330, SP 118.13330, SP 113.13330, SP 59.13330.
The set of rules was executed by JSC TsNIIEP of residential and public buildings (TsNIIEP dwelling). Head of work - Cand. architects, prof. A.A. Magai, executive officer - Cand. arch-ry, associate professor N.V. Dubynin; performer - Cand. tech. Sciences, prof. V.S. Belyaev.
SET OF RULES
MULTI-FUNCTIONAL BUILDINGS AND COMPLEXES Mixed-use buildings and complexes. Regulations of design |
Date of introduction - 2014-09-01
1 area of use
1.1 This set of rules applies to the design and construction of new, reconstructed and overhauled multifunctional buildings up to 75 m in height with the placement of public premises on floors located no higher than 55 m and having a buried underground part of up to 15 m, as well as multifunctional complexes and sections of these buildings and complexes.
1.2 This set of rules does not apply to the design of multifunctional seasonal and mobile buildings and structures.
2 Normative references
2.1 This set of rules uses normative references to the following documents:
4.4 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, measures should be taken to protect residents, workers and visitors from criminal manifestations, taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330 and SP 132.13330.
4.5 When commissioning a multifunctional building or complex, the customer is provided with instructions for the operation of his premises, which should contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of residential and public premises, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation. The instruction is developed by the designer, customer or other organization on behalf of the customer. The procedure for developing instructions and composition is given in.
4.6 Safety in the use of multifunctional buildings and complexes is ensured in accordance with.
5 Requirements for the sites for the location of multifunctional buildings and complexes
5.1 On the sites of multifunctional buildings and complexes, as part of them or within walking distance from them, in accordance with SP 42.13330, the following should be placed:
Service facilities for residents and workers;
Parking places and stops for cars for residents, workers and visitors;
Places of parking and stops for trucks and buses serving the building (if necessary).
5.2 The required number of parking spaces for passenger cars belonging to residents of multi-functional buildings should be determined at the rate of 450 cars per 1000 residents. The number of parking spaces for passenger cars in guest parking lots should be determined in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.3 The required number of parking spaces for passenger cars of employees and visitors of objects of different functional purposes, which are part of multi-functional buildings, should be determined in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.4 The planning organization and development of the site should ensure the autonomy of the functional and planning components of multi-functional buildings by organizing separate entrances, entrances and lobbies for each of the separate entrances. The city service facilities located within the boundaries of the site must be provided with free access to the city population.
5.5 Landscaping of the territory of multifunctional buildings and complexes should be designed in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.6 The area of greening of the territory of multifunctional buildings and complexes is determined at the rate of at least 5.0 m 2 per inhabitant, taking into account the landscaping of the operated roofs and special recreation rooms (winter gardens), distributed on the floors of the building.
6 Requirements for space-planning and structural solutions of multifunctional buildings and complexes
6.1 Buildings
6.1.1 The composition, area and mutual arrangement of functional and planning components of multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined by the design assignment.
6.1.2 A list of the main groups of premises that can be included in multifunctional buildings and complexes is given in Appendix B.
It is not allowed to place premises in multi-functional buildings and complexes for storing flammable and combustible liquids of categories A and B, taking into account.
6.1.3 In multi-functional buildings and complexes where, in accordance with the layout of civil defense structures and the design assignment, civil defense facilities should be arranged, for these purposes, dual-use premises should be provided in accordance with SP 88.13330.
6.1.4 The functional and planning components of multifunctional buildings and complexes can be united by horizontal and vertical communications (passages, stairs, etc.), but at the same time they must be functionally and planning isolated and have separate escape staircases and exits in accordance with fire safety requirements, as well as halls and lobbies.
6.1.5 Through driveways and walkways in buildings and structures at ground or first floor level should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330.
6.1.6 The height of floors and premises is determined in the design assignment, but not less than the established SP 118.13330 for public premises, as well as SP 54.13330 for residential premises.
The height of the technical floor is determined depending on the type of engineering equipment placed in it, engineering networks and the conditions of their operation in the design assignment, but not less than the established SP 118.13330.
6.1.8 At all external entrances to multifunctional buildings and complexes, vestibules with parameters corresponding to the requirements of SP 118.13330 should be provided.
The need for a double vestibule at the entrance to the lobbies and stairwells of the residential part of the building is determined in accordance with SP 54.13330.
Natural lighting of double vestibules is allowed to be provided with a second light.
6.1.9 Roofs should be designed taking into account the following requirements:
Up to two floors (no higher than 6 meters), inclusive - any drain is allowed, including unorganized with the obligatory installation of visors over the entrances and balconies of the second floor, the eaves must be at least 0.6 m;
Up to five floors (no higher than 15 m), inclusive - an external organized drain or, if necessary, an internal one must be provided;
Six or more floors (above 15 m) - only an internal drain should be arranged.
6.1.10 Placement of sites for various purposes for residents and employees of multi-functional buildings on the operated roof should be in accordance with SP 54.13330, recommendations for their organization are given in.
6.1.11 In the lobby group on the first floor, a pantry should be provided for storing cleaning equipment, locations for post office boxes, premises for a guard post, an attendant (concierge), and also, if required by a design assignment, a control room.
It is recommended to design the rooms of the control room, the guard post, the attendant (concierge) with natural lighting (second light is allowed) and with access to the lobby group. The workplace must be provided with an area of at least 3.5 m 2. In addition, a place for warming up and eating, as well as resting should be provided in the security post.
These premises should have a bathroom equipped with a washbasin and a toilet. The entrance to the bathroom is allowed from the working room.
6.1.12 When placing adjacent residential and public premises, the restrictions established in SP 54.13330 should be taken into account.
6.1.13 Means of vertical transport (elevators, etc.), as well as the parameters of lift halls serving public spaces, should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330, living quarters - in accordance with SP 54.13330.
6.1.14 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, it is allowed to arrange premises for temporary stay and leisure of children (up to 3-4 hours without food and sleep), in compliance with SanPiN 2.4.2.2821 and SanPiN 2.4.1.3049. Such premises do not contain bedrooms or kitchens. They should be placed no higher than the second floor and with an autonomous evacuation exit, preferably on the side opposite to the main entrances to the building.
6.1.15 An exploited roof with a total area of less than 300 m2 or intended for staying less than 15 people must have one escape exit.
Additional evacuation exits should be provided from an exploited roof with a total area of more than 300 m 2, or intended for a stay of more than 15 people, recommendations for their arrangement are set out in.
6.1.16 Requirements for concrete and reinforced concrete structures without prestressing reinforcement used in the design of multifunctional buildings and complexes are established in a set of rules approved and recommended by the Gosstroy of Russia.
6.2 Living quarters
6.2.1 Requirements for living quarters in the form of apartments and penthouses should be adopted in accordance with SP 54.13330 and taking into account the rules given in Art.
Residential premises in the form of apartment-type apartments and dormitory apartments in terms of composition and planning parameters must also comply with SP 54.13330.
6.2.2 All living rooms of hotel rooms, apartment-type apartments and apartment-type dormitories must have natural light. The requirements for their natural lighting should be adopted in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278, for insolation and sun protection - in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076. Insolation and sun protection requirements are also given in. At the same time, at least 60% of living rooms should be insulated in dormitories. The time of insolation of hotel rooms is not regulated. The numbers oriented to the horizon sector 180 ° - 270 ° must have sun protection devices.
Kitchens in apartment-type apartments may be designed with secondary lighting or in the form of niches, regardless of the number of living rooms.
The bathrooms of the apartments can be designed combined, regardless of the number of living rooms.
6.2.3 Apartment-type apartments are designed on the basis of one family occupancy. Apartment-type dormitories - based on the settlement of one family in each room.
6.2.4 As part of apartments and apartments of an apartment type, it is allowed to provide reception rooms for one or two doctors (in agreement with the authorities of the sanitary-epidemiological service), a massage room for one specialist.
6.2.5 Hotel rooms may be designed as one living room. If necessary, additional rooms, a front room, a sanitary unit, a dressing room can be included in their composition. It is allowed to provide for the possibility of combining two or more adjacent rooms, as well as the device at the rooms of the cabinets (offices).
6.2.6 Hotel rooms of superior comfort (apartments, presidential, luxury) should be designed as a part of two or more living rooms, providing at least two sanitary facilities. The composition of other additional premises and equipment, including the kitchen, is determined by the design assignment.
As part of the apartments, it is allowed to provide premises for personal attendants (living room, service room with wardrobes, bathroom).
6.2.7 All hotel rooms must have built-in wardrobes for outerwear, linen, luggage, located in the front or living room - at a minimum rate of 1 wardrobe (0.60 × 0.55 m) per person.
In superior rooms with 3 or more rooms, with sleeping quarters, dressing rooms with an area of at least 6 m 2 should be provided.
6.2.8 The height of hallways, corridors and bathrooms of hotel rooms should be taken at least 2.1 m, living rooms - at least 2.5 m.The width of living rooms should be taken at least 2.4 m, the width of hallways - at least 1.05 m.
6.3 Public spaces
6.3.1 Requirements for public premises, including offices, should be adopted in accordance with SP 118.13330, for parking spaces - in accordance with SP 113.13330.
Requirements for the premises for sports and physical education are given in.
6.3.2 To load the premises of trade and public catering establishments with a total area of more than 150 m 2, closed landing stages should be provided, located on the ground floor or in the underground level. When the area of these premises is less than 150 m 2, their loading should be performed in accordance with SP 54.13330.
6.3.3 The number of visitors to the recreation premises and the winter garden located in the building is determined by a specific indicator equal to 0.15 of the estimated number of residents, workers or visitors (depending on which of them these premises are designed for).
6.3.4 Design of baths and saunas as part of multifunctional buildings and complexes shall be carried out taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330. As part of apartments - in accordance with SP 54.13330.
It is not allowed to place individual baths and saunas of apartments adjacent, above and below the living rooms of neighboring apartments and apartment-type apartments.
It is not allowed to place public baths and saunas adjacent, above and below living quarters (apartments, apartment-type apartments, hotel rooms).
7 Fire safety
7.1 Requirements for fire resistance and fire safety of buildings and building structures, requirements for preventing the spread of fire, ensuring evacuation, fire requirements for engineering systems and equipment of buildings, as well as requirements for extinguishing fire and rescue operations should be adopted in accordance with, SP 1.13130, SP 2.13130 , SP 3.13130, SP 4.13130, SP 5.13130, SP 6.13130, SP 7.13130, SP 10.13130, SP 54.13330, SP 60.13330, SP 118.13330, GOST 12.1.004.
In this set of rules, amendments and detailing of regulatory provisions have been adopted that do not reduce the fire safety of buildings and structures in comparison with the requirements of these documents.
7.2 Multifunctional buildings higher than 75 m or with public premises located on floors whose height is more than 55 meters, as well as those classified as especially complex and unique in accordance with subparagraphs 1 and 4 of paragraph 2 of Article 48.1, must be designed taking into account the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 78.
7.3 It is allowed to provide for the access of fire ladders and car lifts only from one side to the building in the following cases:
Equipping the building with the whole complex of fire protection systems in accordance with 7.7;
Bilateral orientation of premises (apartments, offices, etc.);
Devices of external stairs connecting loggias (balconies) by floor, or stairs of the 3rd type with a corridor planning system.
7.4 A part of the building with premises of functional fire hazard class F1 in a multifunctional building of a different functional fire hazard class should be separated into a separate fire compartment.
Parts of a multifunctional building with an area of 4000 m 2 and more may not be separated into an independent compartment, provided that this part of the building is separated from others by fire walls and ceilings with a REI 180 fire resistance limit.
7.5 Communication between fire compartments of one class of functional fire hazard (including fire compartments with atriums) can be carried out:
Horizontally - through openings protected by fire doors (sliding partitions, gates, fire curtains or curtains) with a fire resistance limit in accordance with current fire regulations;
Vertically - through smoke-free staircases and lift shafts with air pressure in case of fire with doors having a fire resistance limit of at least 1 hour.
7.6 In a part of a building of one class of functional fire hazard, instead of fire walls for solving architectural, planning and functional tasks, it is allowed:
Installation of deluge curtains in two lines located at a distance of 0.5 m from each other and providing an irrigation rate of at least 1 l / s per running meter of the curtain with an operating time of at least 1 hour;
Arrangement of fire zones with a width of at least 8 m without placing combustible substances and materials within it.
a) smoke protection in accordance with SP 7.13130;
b) internal fire-fighting water supply and automatic fire extinguishing in accordance with SP 5.13130 and SP 10.13130;
c) lifts for fire departments - fire lifts (in buildings with a height of no more than 6 floors and equipped with the entire SPZ complex, lifts for transporting fire departments may not be provided);
d) automatic fire alarm in accordance with SP 5.13130 (an automatic fire alarm device is not required in the presence of automatic fire extinguishing);
e) fire warning and evacuation management in accordance with SP 3.13130, taking into account.
f) means of individual and collective protection and rescue of people in accordance with;
g) space-planning and technical solutions that ensure the timely evacuation of people and their protection from hazardous fire factors in accordance with SP 1.13130 and SP 4.13130.
i) regulation of fire resistance and fire hazard of structures and finishing materials;
j) devices that limit the spread of fire and smoke (fire barriers, fire compartments, etc.) in accordance with SP 4.13130.
7.8 Management of fire protection systems should be carried out from one central control panel (CPU SPZ) in accordance with SP 3.13130.
7.9 When constructing tunnels with a length (without gaps) of more than 100 m and entrances, exits, entrances and exits from them to buildings and premises in them, it is necessary to provide:
Installation of one fire hydrant and one fire hydrant per 100 m of the length of the tunnel;
TV control device;
Equipment with a smoke protection system that can be combined with a ventilation system;
The connection of tunnels and adjoining objects should be provided through vestibules, the outer doors of which must be fireproof with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.6 hours.
7.10 The protection of buildings with automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms should be carried out taking into account the requirements.
7.11 The arrangement of atriums is allowed in the building or in its part allocated to the fire compartment, equipped with an SDR in accordance with these rules. The atrium and all premises of the building (fire compartment) are equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing system, a smoke fire alarm and a smoke exhaust system.
At an atrium height of more than 17 m, sprinkler sprinklers should be installed under structures protruding into the atrium space (balconies, ceilings, etc.) without installing sprinkler sprinklers in the atrium cover.
In the case of replacing the fire wall with a deluge curtain, the fire compartment is also equipped with a fire compartment, separated by the specified deluge curtain from the fire compartment with an atrium.
7.12 All rooms leading to the atrium (passage) must have at least two escape routes along the horizontal passage (gallery). If the room is intended for sleeping, then the length of the escape route along the horizontal passage from the door of this room to the protected evacuation exit leading to the staircase should be no more than 30 m.If the room is not used for sleeping, the length of such a passage should be no more than 60 m ...
7.13 Communication of the premises and corridors of the underground part of the building with the atrium is allowed only through air locks with air pressure in case of fire.
7.14 Passing through the atrium from rooms that do not open into the atrium is not considered an evacuation route.
7.15 Atrium roof structures should be made of non-combustible materials. Glazing of openings in the enclosing structures (coatings) of atriums must be silicate.
7.16 The decoration of the interior surfaces of atriums should be made, as a rule, of non-combustible materials.
7.17 The fire resistance limit of the enclosing structures of rooms and corridors adjacent to the atrium must be at least 0.75 hours, and the doors leaving these rooms in the atrium must be 0.5 hours. It is allowed to use glazed partitions and doors with a fire resistance limit of at least 0, 25 h, protected by deluge curtains.
The consumption of water for extinguishing a fire for deluge installations within 1 hour from the start of fire extinguishing should be taken in accordance with.
7.18 Opening of smoke exhaust valves in atriums should be carried out automatically from the signals of smoke detectors, remotely (from buttons installed in stairwells) and manually. The opening of the valves in the atrium roof should not be impeded by precipitation.
7.19 The control of the SPS should provide various options (automatically and from the central control room of the SPS) of its inclusion, depending on the place of the fire: in the atrium (passage), on the galleries, in the rooms leading to the atrium (passage).
7.20 The sauna room should be designed in accordance with SP 4.13130, SP 2.13130, SP 5.13130.
7.21 It is not allowed to use floor coverings with a higher fire hazard than those indicated in tables 28 and 29 of the Federal Law and SP 1.13130.
7.22 For the device of coatings, including light-transmitting ones, over hall rooms and atriums in buildings with a height of not more than 30 m, it is allowed to use wooden structures with fire retardant treatment. The quality of the fire retardant treatment should ensure that the weight loss of protected wood when tested in accordance with GOST 16363 should not exceed 13%.
A combustible roof should be designed no closer than 4 m from the edge of the light-transmitting coating.
7.23 Skylights (skylights), when used in a smoke exhaust system, must be equipped with automatic, remote and manual drives for opening in the event of a fire, and when using silicate glass, also with a protective mesh at the bottom.
For skylights, it is allowed to use light-transmitting materials on an organic basis, which do not form burning melts when exposed to fire.
7.24 Windows of rooms equipped with an air conditioning system may be oriented to courtyards with a light-transmitting coating. In this case, the fire resistance limit of these windows must be at least 0.5 hours or they must be protected by an automatic fire extinguishing system located above them from the side of the rooms.
In rooms with a two-way orientation (to the courtyard with a coating and to the street) and firefighters access from ladders and car lifts from the street side, automatic fire extinguishing is not allowed. It is also allowed not to provide for the entry of fire engines into the courtyard.
Openings for natural smoke exhaust must be provided in the courtyard cover.
7.25 Stairwells and elevator shafts, providing technological (functional) communication between underground and aboveground floors, may be designed no higher than the 3rd aboveground floor, not including them in the calculation of escape routes. With 2 or more underground floors, these staircases should be smoke-free type 2 or 3, and lift shafts - with air pressure in case of fire. In this case, these stairs are evacuation stairs if they have access directly to the outside, to the lobby with at least 2 exits to the outside, or the corridor leading to the exit to the outside (no more than 12 m without smoke exhaust or 24 m with a smoke exhaust system).
The transition from these stairs and lifts to stairs and lifts intended for servicing and evacuating above-ground floors is allowed through a vestibule with air pressure.
7.26 Power supply lines for control and monitoring devices and fire control devices, as well as connecting lines for control of automatic fire extinguishing, smoke removal or warning systems should be carried out with independent wires and cables. The fire resistance limit of the channel fencing for laying the electrical network of fire-fighting devices is taken in accordance with SP 5.13130.
7.27 When equipping building facades with lifting devices for repairing and cleaning facades, these devices should be designed for use by fire departments, including for rescuing people.
7.28 Fire-fighting water supply and smoke protection should be provided in accordance with SP 10.13130 and SP 7.13130.
7.29 Fire alarm and fire warning systems should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 3.13130 and SP 5.13130.
Multifunctional buildings should be equipped with an automatic fire alarm information transmission channel to the fire department.
7.30 When arranging built-in or built-in-attached parking lots in buildings, you should follow the instructions, SP 1.13130, SP 2.13130, SP 4.13130 and SP 113.13330.
8 Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements
8.1 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements should be adopted for residential premises in accordance with SP 54.13330; for public premises in accordance with SP 118.13330, including for dormitory premises in accordance with SP 2.1.2.2844, trade enterprises - SP 2.3.6.1066, public catering - SP 2.3.6.1079.
8.2 When designing multifunctional buildings and complexes, it is necessary to ensure protection from sources of external noise in residential and public premises and the adjacent territory. The required value of noise reduction, the choice of measures and means of noise protection are determined taking into account the characteristics of external noise sources.
The permissible noise levels for residential and public premises should be taken in accordance with GOST 12.1.036, SanPiN 2.1.2.2645. Noise requirements are also given in.
8.3 Technical rooms in which equipment is located that is a source of noise and vibration (ventilation chambers, shafts and machine rooms of elevators, pumping rooms, machine rooms of refrigeration units, heating points and others) should not be located adjacent, above and below living quarters, as well as public (auditorium and rehearsal halls, stages, reading rooms, wards, doctors' offices, rooms with children staying in children's institutions, classrooms, administrative rooms with permanent residence of people).
The placement of technical premises adjacent to, above and below residential and public premises is allowed provided that the normative parameters of noise and vibration are ensured.
8.4 In order to prevent the formation of gas contamination zones and their localization, planning solutions for buildings and territories should be developed, taking into account the conditions of aeration and ensuring sanitary and hygienic standards for the quality of atmospheric air.
9 Durability and maintainability
9.1 Elements, parts, equipment with service lives less than the expected service life of the building must be replaced in accordance with the overhaul periods established in the project and taking into account the requirements of the design assignment.
9.2 Structures and parts of buildings and their equipment must be made of materials that are resistant to possible effects of moisture, low temperatures, aggressive environment, biological and other adverse factors, or protected from their influence in accordance with SP 28.13330, GOST 28574, GOST 28575.
9.3 In the design of structures, emergency situations arising in connection with an explosion, collision, fire, which can lead to the failure or weakening of any structural element and cause progressive collapse, should be considered.
10 Engineering equipment
10.1 Buildings should provide for household drinking, fire fighting and hot water supply, sewerage and drainage systems, in accordance with SP 30.13330 and SP 31.13330, as well as SP 4.13130, SP 5.13130, SP 10.13130.
10.2 Drainage of rainwater and melt water from the roofs of multifunctional buildings equipped with a system of internal gutters, if possible, should be carried out through outlets into a closed intra-quarter storm sewer system in accordance with technical conditions.
10.3 In buildings, heating, ventilation and, if necessary, air conditioning systems should be provided to ensure appropriate temperature, humidity, air purification and disinfection.
Heating, ventilation, smoke protection, air conditioning should be designed in accordance with SP 60.13330, SP 7.13130, GOST 30494, GOST R 52539.
10.4 When supplying heat from the general IHP of residential and public premises, each of the systems should be connected through independent pipelines from the distribution (supply) and collection (return) collectors with the installation, if necessary, of heat meters for consumers of each group.
10.5 Ventilation and air conditioning systems should be designed with the possibility of their autonomous regulation from the room in which the user is located.
10.6 When installing a central air conditioning system, a safe refrigerant should be used; at local it is allowed to use freon or similar refrigerants. It is not allowed to install window air conditioners.
10.7 Ventilation ducts for public premises are not allowed to be laid through residential premises. They can be placed in stairwells or outside corridors.
Pressure sections of air ducts of ventilation systems, the air of which may contain hazardous substances of the 1st - 2nd hazard class in accordance with GOST 12.1.007, should not be laid inside the building.
10.8 Buildings should provide for electrical equipment, electrical lighting, telephony, dispatching and automation systems for engineering equipment, a television and radio broadcasting network, a wire radio and cable television network, and the Internet.
10.9 In terms of the degree of reliability of power supply, electrical receivers of multi-functional buildings should be classified as reliability categories I and II, the requirements for which are also given in.
The electrical receivers of the I category of reliability should include fire alarm systems (fire alarm, elevators for lifting fire departments, warning people about a fire), evacuation and emergency lighting, light barriers, communication, security and security systems, central telecommunications equipment, electrical receivers of engineering systems of the complex , automation and dispatching systems for engineering equipment, dispatching rooms, ASUD (automated dispatch control system), IIASUE (measuring integrated automated energy saving control system) and, if necessary, others.
The rest of the electrical receivers are referred to the II category of reliability.
10.10 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, the power supply for electrical receivers of the I category of reliability must be carried out from two independent mutually redundant power sources with an automatic transfer switch (ATS).
The power supply of fire protection systems should be carried out from separate panels of the main switchboard, which have distinctive markings, in two independent directions, with delivery to the switchgears of each fire compartment.
10.11 The installation of built-in and attached transformer substations is allowed on the first, basement or first underground floors with an exit directly to the outside. They should only use dry-type transformers.
Residential and public premises should not be located above, below and adjacent to built-in and attached transformer substations.
10.12 The automation and dispatching system of engineering equipment is recommended to be implemented as a single one for the entire building. This system should be controlled from the control room, which can be located both in the designed multifunctional facility, and outside it. It is recommended to build the system on a modular basis and be able to flexibly add to the processing of signals of different types without rebuilding the entire system, as well as be able to connect new zones, monitoring or control areas to the dispatching system with access to the dispatcher's console.
It is necessary to ensure high reliability of the system and build it on the basis of a decentralized local network for fire compartments, which ensures the exchange of information between controllers, control equipment, information collection equipment and the central control panel of the dispatcher.
10.13 It is not allowed to provide domestic gas supply systems in multi-functional buildings of 11 floors or more, including gas-fueled stoves.
It is not allowed to install gas equipment in the kitchens of public premises intended for catering.
10.14 The need for and the features of dust and waste disposal systems are determined in the design assignment.
11 Energy saving
11.1 The design of architectural, functional, technological, structural and engineering solutions for multifunctional buildings and complexes should be carried out taking into account the requirements for the efficient use of energy resources and ensuring the internal microclimate of the premises on the basis and in accordance with SP 50.13330. Also, the rules for designing thermal protection and requirements for energy efficiency are given in,,.
11.2 Requirements for energy efficiency for multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined by the design assignment and calculated in the design documentation.
11.3 Classes of energy efficiency of multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined in accordance with SP 50.13330.
11.4 Designing multi-functional buildings and complexes with energy efficiency classes D, E is not allowed. Classes A, B, C are established for newly erected and reconstructed buildings at the stage of development of design documentation. Subsequently, during operation, the energy saving class of the building should be clarified during the energy survey. If it turns out to be less than class C, measures should be developed to improve it.
11.5 The assignment of a multifunctional building or a complex of energy saving classes B and A is carried out only if the following mandatory energy saving measures are included in the project:
The device of individual heating points that reduce energy costs for circulation in hot water supply systems and are equipped with automated systems management and accounting of energy consumption, hot and cold water;
The use of energy-saving lighting systems for common buildings, equipped with motion and light sensors;
Application of devices for reactive power compensation of motors of elevator facilities, pumping and ventilation equipment.
11.6 Thermal calculations for atriums, winter gardens and glazed verandas are carried out on the basis of the equations of heat and air balance, which are given in.
11.7 The calculation of the energy efficiency of buildings using alternative heat sources (heat recovery) is given in and.
Appendix A
(required)
Rules for determining the area, construction volume, building area, number of storeys, height and depth of buildings
A.1 Calculation of areas
А.1.1 A multifunctional building can include both residential and public premises, while the residential and public parts of the building should be distinguished for calculations. The residential part includes apartments for permanent residence, apartment-type apartments, living quarters of apartment-type dormitories. Public part - public premises. Their areas are calculated in accordance with A.1.2 and A.1.3.
А.1.2 For the residential part of the building (living quarters), area calculations are performed in accordance with Table А.1.
Table A.1
Indicators |
Calculation procedure |
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Living area of the apartment |
The sum of the areas of living rooms |
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Total area of the apartment |
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Sales area (if available) |
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Floor area |
A.2 Calculation of the building volume A.2.1 The construction volume of a multifunctional building is determined as the sum of the construction volume above the 0.000 mark (aboveground part) and below this mark (underground part). The construction volume of the aboveground and underground parts of the building is determined within the bounding external surfaces with the inclusion of enclosing structures, skylights, domes, etc., starting from the level of the finished floor of each part of the building, excluding protruding architectural decorative details and structural elements, underground canals, porticos , terraces, balconies, driveways and space under the building on supports (clean). A.3 Calculation of number of storeys and heights А.3.1 The number of storeys in a multifunctional building is calculated separately for the aboveground and underground parts of the building. The number of storeys of the above-ground part of the building is determined by the sum of all above-ground floors, as well as technical, basement, if the top of its floor is at least 2 m higher than the average planning level of the earth. The number of storeys in the underground part of a building is determined by the sum of all underground levels. In this case, their numbering is carried out from top to bottom. When placing a building on a site with an intensive slope, the first above-ground floor should be considered the floor with the floor level of the premises above the lowest planning level of the earth. Premises adjacent to the outer wall, where the planning level of the ground is higher than the finished floor, should be considered recessed. They must be designed in accordance with the requirements for basement or underground floors (depending on the degree of their burial). When dividing a building into parts (sections) and a different number of floors in these parts, as well as when placing a building on a site with a slope, if this changes the number of floors, the number of floors is determined separately for each part of the building. А.3.2 The height of the building is determined by the height of the location of the upper floor, excluding the upper technical floor, by the greatest difference in the elevation of the passage surface for fire engines and the lower boundary of the opening (window) in the outer wall (or fences of summer rooms). With continuous glazing of the facades of the building and the absence of window and other openings in the upper floors, its height is determined as the difference between the floor marks of the last floor and the above-mentioned passage surface for fire engines. The depth of the building is determined by the difference between the planning level of the earth (the lowest located) and the level of the finished floor of the lower underground floor (technical underground). Notes (edit) 1 The areas of the summer premises of the residential part of the building should be determined with decreasing coefficients (for loggias - 0.5, balconies and terraces - 0.3, verandas and cold storage rooms - 1.0), given in, for the operated roof - 0.3. 2 The calculation of the floor area at the pre-design stage is carried out without deducting the area occupied by the internal walls. 3 In the total area of the building, the area of open unheated planning elements of the building (operated roof, terraces, open external galleries, open loggias, etc.) is indicated separately. Appendix B(reference) List of main groups of premises included in multifunctional buildings and complexes
BibliographyFederal Law of December 30, 2009 No. 384-FZ "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" Federal Law of November 23, 2009 No. 261-FZ "On Energy Saving and on Increasing Energy Efficiency and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation" Federal Law of July 22, 2008 No. 123-FZ "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" Urban Planning Code of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2004 No. 190-FZ STO 01922789-002-2011 Energy efficiency and thermal protection of buildings Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2008 No. "On the composition of sections of project documentation and requirements for their content" |
- Appendix A (mandatory). Rules for determining the area, construction volume, building area, number of storeys, height and depth of buildings Appendix B (reference). List of main groups of premises included in multifunctional buildings and complexes
Code of rules SP 160.1325800.2014
"Buildings and complexes are multifunctional. Design rules"
(approved by order of the Ministry of Construction and Housing and Utilities of the Russian Federation of August 7, 2014 N 440 / pr)
Mixed-use buildings and complexes. Regulations of design
Introduction
This set of rules has been developed in accordance with the Federal Laws "Technical Regulations on the Safety of Buildings and Structures" and "On Energy Saving and on Increasing Energy Efficiency and on Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation". The requirements of the Federal Law "Technical Regulations on Fire Safety Requirements" and codes of rules for the fire protection system, the provisions of current building codes and codes of practice, domestic research experience and design practice (JSC TsNIIEP dwelling and other leading institutions), the requirements of international and European regulatory documents were also taken into account. ...
This set of rules establishes requirements for the design of multi-functional buildings and complexes, taking into account the existing SP 54.13330, SP 118.13330, SP 113.13330, SP 59.13330.
The set of rules was executed by JSC TsNIIEP of residential and public buildings (TsNIIEP dwelling). Head of work - Cand. architects, prof. A.A. Magai, executive officer - Cand. architect, associate professor N.V. Dubynin; performer - Cand. tech. Sciences, prof. B.C. Belyaev.
1 area of use
1.1 This set of rules applies to the design and construction of new, reconstructed and overhauled multifunctional buildings up to 75 m in height with the placement of public premises on floors located no higher than 55 m and having a buried underground part of up to 15 m, as well as multifunctional complexes and sections of these buildings and complexes.
1.2 This set of rules does not apply to the design of multifunctional seasonal and mobile buildings and structures.
2.1 This set of rules uses normative references to the following documents:
4.2 The design of buildings with space-planning parameters (height or depth) exceeding those specified in this set of rules is carried out taking into account the provisions.
4.4 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, measures should be taken to protect residents, workers and visitors from criminal manifestations, taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330 and SP 132.13330.
4.5 When commissioning a multifunctional building or complex, the customer is provided with instructions for the operation of his premises, which should contain the data necessary for tenants (owners) of residential and public premises, as well as operating organizations to ensure safety during operation. The instruction is developed by the designer, customer or other organization on behalf of the customer. The procedure for developing instructions and composition is given in.
4.6 Safety in the use of multifunctional buildings and complexes is ensured in accordance with.
5 Requirements for the sites for the location of multifunctional buildings and complexes
5.1 On the sites of multifunctional buildings and complexes, as part of them or within walking distance from them, in accordance with SP 42.13330, the following should be placed:
Service facilities for residents and workers;
Parking places and stops for cars for residents, workers and visitors;
Places of parking and stops for trucks and buses serving the building (if necessary).
5.2 The required number of parking spaces for passenger cars belonging to residents of multi-functional buildings should be determined at the rate of 450 cars per 1000 residents. The number of parking spaces for passenger cars in guest parking lots should be determined in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.3 The required number of parking spaces for passenger cars of employees and visitors of different facilities functional purpose that are part of multifunctional buildings should be determined in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.4 The planning organization and development of the site should ensure the autonomy of the functional and planning components of multi-functional buildings by organizing separate entrances, entrances and lobbies for each of the separate entrances. The city service facilities located within the boundaries of the site must be provided with free access to the city population.
5.5 Landscaping of the territory of multifunctional buildings and complexes should be designed in accordance with SP 42.13330.
5.6 The area of greening of the territory of multifunctional buildings and complexes is determined at the rate of at least 5.0 per inhabitant, taking into account the landscaping of the operated roofs and special recreation rooms (winter gardens), distributed on the floors of the building.
6 Requirements for space-planning and structural solutions of multifunctional buildings and complexes
6.1 Buildings
6.1.1 The composition, area and mutual arrangement of functional and planning components of multifunctional buildings and complexes are determined by the design assignment.
6.1.2 The list of the main groups of premises that can be included in multifunctional buildings and complexes is given in Appendix B.
It is not allowed to place premises in multi-functional buildings and complexes for storing flammable and combustible liquids of categories A and B, taking into account.
6.1.3 In multi-functional buildings and complexes where, in accordance with the layout of civil defense structures and the design assignment, civil defense facilities should be arranged, for these purposes, dual-use premises should be provided in accordance with SP 88.13330.
6.1.4 The functional and planning components of multifunctional buildings and complexes can be united by horizontal and vertical communications (passages, stairs, etc.), but at the same time they must be functionally and planning isolated and have separate escape staircases and exits in accordance with fire safety requirements, as well as halls and lobbies.
6.1.5 Through driveways and walkways in buildings and structures at ground or first floor level should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330.
6.1.6 The height of floors and premises is determined in the design assignment, but not less than the established SP 118.13330 for public premises, as well as SP 54.13330 for residential premises.
The height of the technical floor is determined depending on the type of engineering equipment placed in it, engineering networks and the conditions of their operation in the design assignment, but not less than the established SP 118.13330.
6.1.8 At all external entrances to multifunctional buildings and complexes, vestibules with parameters corresponding to the requirements of SP 118.13330 should be provided.
The need for a double vestibule at the entrance to the lobbies and stairwells of the residential part of the building is determined in accordance with SP 54.13330.
Natural lighting of double vestibules is allowed to be provided with a second light.
6.1.9 Roofs should be designed taking into account the following requirements:
Up to two floors (no higher than 6 meters), inclusive - any drain is allowed, including unorganized, with the mandatory installation of visors over the entrances and balconies of the second floor, the eaves must be at least 0.6 m;
Up to five floors (no higher than 15 m), inclusive - an external organized drain or, if necessary, an internal one must be provided;
Six or more floors (above 15 m) - only an internal drain should be arranged.
6.1.10 Placement of sites for various purposes for residents and employees of multi-functional buildings on the operated roof should be in accordance with SP 54.13330, recommendations for their organization are given in.
6.1.11 In the lobby group on the first floor, a pantry should be provided for storing cleaning equipment, locations for post office boxes, premises for a guard post, an attendant (concierge), and also, if required by a design assignment, a control room.
It is recommended to design the rooms of the control room, the guard post, the attendant (concierge) with natural lighting (second light is allowed) and with access to the lobby group. The workplace must be provided with an area of at least 3.5. In addition, a place for warming up and eating, as well as resting should be provided in the security post.
These premises should have a bathroom equipped with a washbasin and a toilet. The entrance to the bathroom is allowed from the working room.
6.1.12 When placing adjacent residential and public premises, the restrictions established in SP 54.13330 should be taken into account.
6.1.13 Means of vertical transport (elevators, etc.), as well as the parameters of lift halls serving public spaces, should be designed in accordance with SP 118.13330, living quarters - in accordance with SP 54.13330.
6.1.14 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, it is allowed to arrange premises for the temporary stay and leisure of children (up to 3-4 hours without food and sleep), in compliance with SanPiN 2.4.2.2821 and SanPiN 2.4.1.3049. Such premises do not contain bedrooms or kitchens. They should be placed no higher than the second floor and with an autonomous evacuation exit, preferably on the side opposite to the main entrances to the building.
6.1.15 Operated roof with a total area of less than 300 or intended for staying less than 15 people. must have one emergency exit.
Additional evacuation exits should be provided from an exploited roof with a total area of more than 300, or intended for a stay of more than 15 people, recommendations for their arrangement are set out in.
6.1.16. Requirements for concrete and reinforced concrete structures without prestressing reinforcement used in the design of multifunctional buildings and complexes are established in a set of rules approved and recommended by the Gosstroy of Russia.
6.2 Living quarters
6.2.1 Requirements for living quarters in the form of apartments and penthouses should be adopted in accordance with SP 54.13330 and taking into account the rules given in Art.
Residential premises in the form of apartment-type apartments and dormitory apartments in terms of composition and planning parameters must also comply with SP 54.13330.
6.2.2 All living rooms of hotel rooms, apartment-type apartments and apartment-type dormitories must have natural light. The requirements for their natural lighting should be adopted in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1278, for insolation and sun protection - in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.1 / 2.1.1.1076. Insolation and sun protection requirements are also given in. At the same time, at least 60% of living rooms should be insulated in dormitories. The time of insolation of hotel rooms is not regulated. The numbers oriented to the horizon sector 180 ° - 270 ° must have sun protection devices.
Kitchens in apartment-type apartments may be designed with secondary lighting or in the form of niches, regardless of the number of living rooms.
The bathrooms of the apartments can be designed combined, regardless of the number of living rooms.
6.2.3 Apartment-type apartments are designed on the basis of one family occupancy. Apartment-type dormitories - based on the settlement of one family in each room.
6.2.4 As part of apartments and apartments of an apartment type, it is allowed to provide reception rooms for one or two doctors (in agreement with the authorities of the sanitary-epidemiological service), a massage room for one specialist.
6.2.5 Hotel rooms may be designed as one living room. If necessary, additional rooms, a front room, a sanitary unit, a dressing room can be included in their composition. It is allowed to provide for the possibility of combining two or more adjacent rooms, as well as the device at the rooms of the cabinets (offices).
6.2.6 Hotel rooms of superior comfort (apartments, presidential, luxury) should be designed as a part of two or more living rooms, providing at least two sanitary facilities. The composition of other additional premises and equipment, including the kitchen, is determined by the design assignment.
As part of the apartments, it is allowed to provide premises for personal attendants (living room, service room with wardrobes, bathroom).
6.2.7 All hotel rooms must have built-in wardrobes for outerwear, linen, luggage, located in the front or living room - at a minimum rate of 1 wardrobe (0.60x0.55 m) per person.
In superior rooms with 3 or more rooms, with sleeping quarters, dressing rooms with an area of at least 6 should be provided.
6.2.8 The height of hallways, corridors and bathrooms of hotel rooms should be taken at least 2.1 m, living rooms - at least 2.5 m.The width of living rooms should be taken at least 2.4 m, the width of hallways - at least 1.05 m.
6.3 Public spaces
6.3.1 Requirements for public premises, including offices, should be adopted in accordance with SP 118.13330, for parking spaces - in accordance with SP 113.13330.
Requirements for the premises for sports and physical education are given in.
6.3.2 To load the premises of trade and catering establishments with a total area of more than 150, closed landing stages should be provided, located on the ground floor or in the underground level. If the area of these premises is less than 150, they should be loaded in accordance with SP 54.13330.
6.3.3 The number of visitors to the recreation premises and the winter garden located in the building is determined by a specific indicator equal to 0.15 of the estimated number of residents, workers or visitors (depending on which of them these premises are designed for).
6.3.4 Design of baths and saunas as part of multifunctional buildings and complexes shall be carried out taking into account the requirements of SP 118.13330. As part of apartments - in accordance with SP 54.13330.
It is not allowed to place individual baths and saunas of apartments adjacent, above and below the living rooms of neighboring apartments and apartment-type apartments.
It is not allowed to place public baths and saunas adjacent, above and below living quarters (apartments, apartment-type apartments, hotel rooms).
7 Fire safety
7.1 Requirements for fire resistance and fire safety of buildings and building structures, requirements for preventing the spread of fire, ensuring evacuation, fire requirements for engineering systems and equipment of buildings, as well as requirements for extinguishing fire and rescue operations should be adopted in accordance with, SP 1.13130, SP 2.13130 , SP 3.13130, SP 4.13130, SP 5.13130, SP 6.13130, SP 7.13130, SP 8.13130, SP 10.13130, SP 54.13330, SP 60.13330, SP 118.13330, GOST 12.1.004.
In this set of rules, amendments and detailing of regulatory provisions have been adopted that do not reduce the fire safety of buildings and structures in comparison with the requirements of these documents.
7.2 Multifunctional buildings higher than 75 m or with public premises located on floors whose height is more than 55 meters, as well as those classified as particularly complex and unique in accordance with subparagraphs 1 and 4 of paragraph 2 of Article 48.1, must be designed taking into account the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 78.
7.3 It is allowed to provide for the access of fire ladders and car lifts only from one side to the building in the following cases:
Equipping the building with the whole complex of fire protection systems in accordance with 7.7;
Bilateral orientation of premises (apartments, offices, etc.);
Devices of external stairs connecting loggias (balconies) by floor, or stairs of the 3rd type with a corridor planning system.
7.4 A part of the building with premises of functional fire hazard class F1 in a multifunctional building of a different functional fire hazard class should be separated into a separate fire compartment.
Parts of a multifunctional building with an area of 4000 and more may not be separated into an independent compartment, provided that this part of the building is separated from others by fire walls and ceilings with a REI 180 fire resistance limit.
7.5 Communication between fire compartments of one class of functional fire hazard (including fire compartments with atriums) can be carried out:
Horizontally - through openings protected by fire doors (sliding partitions, gates, fire curtains or curtains) with a fire resistance limit in accordance with current fire regulations;
Vertically - through smoke-free staircases and lift shafts with air pressure in case of fire with doors having a fire resistance limit of at least 1 hour.
7.6 In a part of a building of one class of functional fire hazard, instead of fire walls for solving architectural, planning and functional tasks, it is allowed:
Installation of deluge curtains in two lines located at a distance of 0.5 m from each other and providing an irrigation rate of at least 1 l / s per running meter of the curtain with an operating time of at least 1 hour;
Arrangement of fire zones with a width of at least 8 m without placing combustible substances and materials within it.
c) lifts for fire departments - fire lifts (in buildings with a height of no more than 6 floors and equipped with the entire SPZ complex, lifts for transporting fire departments may not be provided);
d) automatic fire alarm in accordance with SP 5.13130 (an automatic fire alarm device is not required in the presence of automatic fire extinguishing);
g) space-planning and technical solutions that ensure the timely evacuation of people and their protection from hazardous fire factors in accordance with SP 1.13130 and SP 4.13130.
i) regulation of fire resistance and fire hazard of structures and finishing materials;
j) devices that limit the spread of fire and smoke (fire barriers, fire compartments, etc.) in accordance with SP 4.13130.
7.8 Management of fire protection systems should be carried out from one central control panel (CPU SPZ) in accordance with SP 3.13130.
7.9 When constructing tunnels with a length (without gaps) of more than 100 m and entrances, exits, entrances and exits from them to buildings and premises in them, it is necessary to provide:
Installation of one fire hydrant and one fire hydrant per 100 m of the length of the tunnel;
TV control device;
Equipment with a smoke protection system that can be combined with a ventilation system;
The connection of tunnels and adjoining objects should be provided through vestibules, the outer doors of which must be fireproof with a fire resistance limit of at least 0.6 hours.
7.10 The protection of buildings with automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms should be carried out taking into account the requirements.
7.11 The arrangement of atriums is allowed in the building or in its part allocated to the fire compartment, equipped with an SDR in accordance with these rules. The atrium and all premises of the building (fire compartment) are equipped with an automatic fire extinguishing system, a smoke fire alarm and a smoke exhaust system.
At an atrium height of more than 17 m, sprinkler sprinklers should be installed under structures protruding into the atrium space (balconies, ceilings, etc.) without installing sprinkler sprinklers in the atrium cover.
In the case of replacing the fire wall with a deluge curtain, the fire compartment is also equipped with a fire compartment, separated by the specified deluge curtain from the fire compartment with an atrium.
7.12 All rooms leading to the atrium (passage) must have at least two escape routes along the horizontal passage (gallery). If the room is intended for sleeping, then the length of the escape route along the horizontal passage from the door of this room to the protected evacuation exit leading to the staircase should be no more than 30 m.If the room is not used for sleeping, the length of such a passage should be no more than 60 m ...
7.13 Communication of the premises and corridors of the underground part of the building with the atrium is allowed only through air locks with air pressure in case of fire.
7.14 Passing through the atrium from rooms that do not open into the atrium is not considered an evacuation route.
7.15 Atrium roof structures should be made of non-combustible materials. Glazing of openings in the enclosing structures (coatings) of atriums must be silicate.
7.16 The decoration of the interior surfaces of atriums should be made, as a rule, of non-combustible materials.
7.17 The fire resistance limit of the enclosing structures of rooms and corridors adjacent to the atrium must be at least 0.75 hours, and the doors leaving these rooms in the atrium must be 0.5 hours. It is allowed to use glazed partitions and doors with a fire resistance limit of at least 0, 25 h, protected by deluge curtains.
The consumption of water for extinguishing a fire for deluge installations within 1 hour from the start of fire extinguishing should be taken in accordance with SP 8.13130.
7.18 Opening of smoke exhaust valves in atriums should be carried out automatically from the signals of smoke detectors, remotely (from buttons installed in stairwells) and manually. The opening of the valves in the atrium roof should not be impeded by precipitation.
7.19 The control of the SPS should provide various options (automatically and from the central control room of the SPS) of its inclusion, depending on the place of the fire: in the atrium (passage), on the galleries, in the rooms leading to the atrium (passage).
7.22 For the device of coatings, including light-transmitting ones, over hall rooms and atriums in buildings with a height of not more than 30 m, it is allowed to use wooden structures with fire retardant treatment. The quality of the fire retardant treatment should ensure that the weight loss of protected wood when tested in accordance with GOST 16363 should not exceed 13%.
A combustible roof should be designed no closer than 4 m from the edge of the light-transmitting coating.
7.23 Skylights (skylights), when used in a smoke exhaust system, must be equipped with automatic, remote and manual drives for opening in the event of a fire, and when using silicate glass, also with a protective mesh below.
For skylights, it is allowed to use light-transmitting materials on an organic basis, which do not form burning melts when exposed to fire.
7.24 Windows of rooms equipped with an air conditioning system may be oriented to courtyards with a light-transmitting coating. In this case, the fire resistance limit of these windows must be at least 0.5 hours or they must be protected by an automatic fire extinguishing system located above them from the side of the rooms.
In rooms with a two-way orientation (to the courtyard with a coating and to the street) and firefighters access from ladders and car lifts from the street side, automatic fire extinguishing is not allowed. It is also allowed not to provide for the entry of fire engines into the courtyard.
Openings for natural smoke exhaust must be provided in the courtyard cover.
7.25 Stairwells and elevator shafts, providing technological (functional) communication between underground and aboveground floors, may be designed no higher than the 3rd aboveground floor, not including them in the calculation of escape routes. With 2 or more underground floors, these staircases should be smoke-free type 2 or 3, and lift shafts - with air pressure in case of fire. In this case, these stairs are evacuation stairs if they have access directly to the outside, to the lobby with at least 2 exits to the outside, or the corridor leading to the exit to the outside (no more than 12 m without smoke exhaust or 24 m with a smoke exhaust system).
The transition from these stairs and lifts to stairs and lifts intended for servicing and evacuating above-ground floors is allowed through a vestibule with air pressure.
7.26 Power supply lines for control and monitoring devices and fire control devices, as well as connecting lines for control of automatic fire extinguishing, smoke removal or warning systems should be carried out with independent wires and cables. The fire resistance limit of the channel fencing for laying the electrical network of fire-fighting devices is taken in accordance with SP 5.13130.
7.27 When equipping building facades with lifting devices for repairing and cleaning facades, these devices should be designed for use by fire departments, including for rescuing people.
7.29 Fire alarm and fire warning systems should be provided in accordance with the requirements of SP 3.13130 and SP 5.13130.
Multifunctional buildings should be equipped with an automatic fire alarm information transmission channel to the fire department.
8 Sanitary and Epidemiological Requirements
8.1 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements should be adopted for residential premises in accordance with SP 54.13330; for public premises in accordance with SP 118.13330, including for dormitory premises in accordance with SP 2.1.2.2844, trade enterprises - SP 2.3.6.1066, public catering - SP 2.3.6.1079.
8.2 When designing multifunctional buildings and complexes, it is necessary to ensure protection from sources of external noise in residential and public premises and the adjacent territory. The required value of noise reduction, the choice of measures and means of noise protection are determined taking into account the characteristics of external noise sources.
The permissible noise levels for residential and public premises should be taken in accordance with GOST 12.1.036, SanPiN 2.1.2.2645. Noise requirements are also given in.
8.3 Technical rooms in which equipment is located that is a source of noise and vibration (ventilation chambers, shafts and machine rooms of elevators, pumping rooms, machine rooms of refrigeration units, heating points and others) should not be located adjacent, above and below living quarters, as well as public (auditorium and rehearsal halls, stages, reading rooms, wards, doctors' offices, rooms with children staying in children's institutions, classrooms, administrative rooms with permanent residence of people).
The placement of technical premises adjacent to, above and below residential and public premises is allowed provided that the normative parameters of noise and vibration are ensured.
8.4 In order to prevent the formation of gas contamination zones and their localization, planning solutions for buildings and territories should be developed, taking into account the conditions of aeration and ensuring sanitary and hygienic standards for the quality of atmospheric air.
9 Durability and maintainability
9.1 Elements, parts, equipment with service lives less than the expected service life of the building must be replaced in accordance with the overhaul periods established in the project and taking into account the requirements of the design assignment.
9.2 Structures and parts of buildings and their equipment must be made of materials that are resistant to possible effects of moisture, low temperatures, aggressive environment, biological and other adverse factors, or protected from their influence in accordance with SP 28.13330, GOST 28574, GOST 28575.
9.3 In the design of structures, emergency situations arising in connection with an explosion, collision, fire, which can lead to the failure or weakening of any structural element and cause progressive collapse, should be considered.
10 Engineering equipment
10.2 Drainage of rainwater and melt water from the roofs of multifunctional buildings equipped with a system of internal gutters, if possible, should be carried out through outlets into a closed intra-quarter storm sewer system in accordance with technical conditions.
10.3 In buildings, heating, ventilation and, if necessary, air conditioning systems should be provided to ensure appropriate temperature, humidity, air purification and disinfection.
Heating, ventilation, smoke protection, air conditioning should be designed in accordance with SP 60.13330, SP 7.13130, GOST 30494, GOST R 52539.
10.4 When supplying heat from the general IHP of residential and public premises, each of the systems should be connected through independent pipelines from the distribution (supply) and collection (return) collectors with the installation, if necessary, of heat meters for consumers of each group.
10.5 Ventilation and air conditioning systems should be designed with the possibility of their autonomous regulation from the room in which the user is located.
10.6 When installing a central air conditioning system, a safe refrigerant should be used; at local it is allowed to use freon or similar refrigerants. It is not allowed to install window air conditioners.
10.7 Ventilation ducts for public premises are not allowed to be laid through residential premises. They can be placed in stairwells or outside corridors.
Pressure sections of air ducts of ventilation systems, the air of which may contain hazardous substances of the 1st and 2nd hazard class in accordance with GOST 12.1.007, should not be laid inside the building.
10.8 Buildings should provide for electrical equipment, electrical lighting, telephony, dispatching and automation systems for engineering equipment, a television and radio broadcasting network, a wire radio and cable television network, and the Internet.
10.9 In terms of the degree of power supply reliability, electrical receivers of multi-functional buildings should be classified as reliability categories I and II, the requirements for which are also given in.
Fire alarm systems (fire alarms, elevators for lifting fire departments, warning people about a fire), evacuation and emergency lighting, light barriers, communication systems, security and protection systems, central telecommunications equipment, power receivers engineering systems complex, automation and dispatching systems for engineering equipment, control room, ASUD (automated dispatch control system), IIASUE (measuring integrated automated energy saving control system) and, if necessary, others.
The rest of the electrical receivers are referred to the II category of reliability.
10.10 In multifunctional buildings and complexes, the power supply for electrical receivers of the I category of reliability must be carried out from two independent mutually redundant power sources with an automatic transfer switch (ATS).
The power supply of fire protection systems should be carried out from separate panels of the main switchboard, which have distinctive markings, in two independent directions, with delivery to the switchgears of each fire compartment.
10.11 The installation of built-in and attached transformer substations is allowed on the first, basement or first underground floors with an exit directly to the outside. They should only use dry-type transformers.
Residential and public premises should not be located above, below and adjacent to built-in and attached transformer substations.
10.12 The automation and dispatching system of engineering equipment is recommended to be implemented as a single one for the entire building. This system should be controlled from the control room, which can be located both in the designed multifunctional facility, and outside it. It is recommended to build the system on a modular basis and be able to flexibly add to the processing of signals of different types without rebuilding the entire system, as well as be able to connect new zones, monitoring or control areas to the dispatching system with access to the dispatcher's console.
It is necessary to ensure high reliability of the system and build it on the basis of a decentralized local network for fire compartments, which ensures the exchange of information between controllers, control equipment, information collection equipment and the central control panel of the dispatcher.
10.13 It is not allowed to provide domestic gas supply systems in multi-functional buildings of 11 floors or more, including gas-fueled stoves.
It is not allowed to install gas equipment in the kitchens of public premises intended for catering.
10.14 The need for and the features of dust and waste disposal systems are determined in the design assignment.
11 Energy saving
11.1 The design of architectural, functional, technological, structural and engineering solutions for multifunctional buildings and complexes should be carried out taking into account the requirements for the efficient use of energy resources and ensuring the internal microclimate of premises on the basis of
11.5 The assignment of a multifunctional building or a complex of energy saving classes B and A is carried out only if the following mandatory energy saving measures are included in the project:
The device of individual heating points that reduce the energy consumption for circulation in hot water supply systems and are equipped with automated control systems and metering of energy resources, hot and cold water consumption;
The use of energy-saving lighting systems for common buildings, equipped with motion and light sensors;
Application of devices for reactive power compensation of motors of elevator facilities, pumping and ventilation equipment.
11.6 Thermal calculations for atriums, winter gardens and glazed verandas are carried out on the basis of the equations of heat and air balance, which are given in the List of buildings, structures, premises and equipment to be protected by automatic fire extinguishing installations and automatic fire alarms