List of medical services of the consumer basket. Weekly food basket for a family of three
Before proceeding to a detailed consideration of this topic, it is worth deciding on the concept of a consumer basket (PC) - one of the basic ones in the economy.
So, a consumer basket is a certain set of services and goods that provides a full-fledged living of a person during the year and satisfies his needs at the minimum acceptable level.
In Russia, it is quite significant, especially when calculating minimum wage labor, other social benefits, determination of the purchasing power of the population. The composition of the PC, as well as its cost, are updated periodically and change based on certain realities. Today, for example, many citizens are concerned about the current composition of the PC.
Formation of a consumer basket
The concept of a consumer basket exists in all countries of the world, and if we compare its composition in Russia and in civilized European countries and America, the situation will turn out to be disappointing. Thus, 350 goods and services are included in the PC of England, 475 in Germany, 300 in the States, and 156 in Russia.
Once every few years, the composition of the consumer basket, its value are reviewed and compiled anew. An updated version is being considered and further developed that better meets the current needs of the country's citizens.
The PC mainly includes those goods and services without which a person cannot live in comfort for one year (all calculations are made for one year). However, if you plunge into the affairs in more detail, then with the naked eye you can see that the bulk of the figures and indicators are either underestimated or absolutely do not correspond to modern realities. Therefore, all the arguments and questions that have arisen on the part of the citizens of the country that the PC should be completely revised in the new year are far from being based on an empty place.
There are several types of consumer basket based on the categories of citizens for whom it is compiled:
- For children.
- For citizens of working age.
- For citizens of retirement age.
What's Coming to PC in 2019
Today, many are concerned about the composition of the consumer basket in the new year. After all, the standard of living of the population of the country depends on what will be included in it officially.
Accordingly, the main part of the list consists of food. Food is the main part of the consumer basket, because without it there is no need to talk about any comfortable and fulfilling human life. By the way, in the PC of Western countries, products make up only a fourth of the entire basket. The reason lies in the following: in the West, not only is the basket “richer”, but far from so much money is spent from family budgets for food.
Food complement clothing, household appliances, medicines, shoes. The third conditional group includes all kinds of services that a person also needs for one year.
This includes:
- utility bill payments;
- transport payments;
- trips to cultural events.
With a more detailed and accurate study of the numbers, you can see the following picture. For an adult, the Government of the Russian Federation officially took:
- potatoes - 1 ton;
- various vegetables - 115 kg;
- various fruits - 60 kg;
- bread, other flour products - 127 kg;
- meat - 59 kg;
- fish - 18 kg.
- bread - 300 grams;
- potatoes - 280 grams;
- milk and dairy products - 80 grams;
- fish - 50 grams;
- meat - 160 grams.
If we evaluate objectively, then these figures are simply mocking and do not hold water at all.
How much is a PC worth in 2019
No less interesting is the cost of the consumer basket. According to experts, the cost of a PC in the new year is set at 10,000 rubles. However, it must be remembered that a lot depends on the specific region for which the calculations are being made, as well as on which store the installed set of products was purchased from. For example, if the purchase took place in economy class stores, then the cost of a PC may be about 5,000 rubles.
Increase in PC-2019 in value
The cost of the consumer basket in 2019 according to latest news should change in a big way. Analysts explain this by the fact that the situation in the country has changed dramatically, the incomes of many citizens have decreased, prices, on the contrary, have increased.
But even the most negative conditions will not be able to stop the gradual increase in the cost of PCs. The level of value will continue to rise in a sequential manner, neither accelerating rapidly nor slowing down more than necessary.
And although it is difficult to name the exact amount of growth now, analysts say that it will vary within 500 rubles. This is how it was in many regions of Russia in last years. In other words, every quarter we can expect an increase in the level of consumer spending by about 150-200 rubles, no more.
However, based on the experience of previous years, it can be understood that there will be no significant and qualitative improvement in the basket.
In recent years, it did not rise much in price (the increase was about 3-4%, which did not reach the then level of inflation), but today it is completely hopelessly behind. After all, the increase in prices, the decline in incomes of citizens, the general situation with Russian loans - all this literally emptied the baskets. Feeding yourself and your family with such indicators is simply unrealistic.
PC-2019 by regions of Russia
The table shows official data on the composition of the PC for various regions of the Russian Federation.
Region | Kostroma region | Moscow | Moscow region | Murmansk region | Leningrad region. | Nizhny Novgorod region. | St. Petersburg |
Bread products, kg | 128,4 | 130,86 | 128,4 | 156,8 | 130,6 | 131,0 | 130,6 |
Potato, kg | 100,5 | 108,5 | 100,5 | 82,9 | 87,9 | 87,8 | 87,9 |
Vegetables, kg | 115,2 | 108,5 | 115,2 | 112,6 | 115,2 | 121,1 | 115,2 |
Fruit, kg | 60,0 | 60,0 | 60,0 | 65,0 | 60,0 | 60,0 | 60,0 |
Sugar, confectionery, kg | 22,2 | 22,26 | 22,2 | 26,3 | 23,8 | 23,8 | 23,8 |
Meat, kg | 58,7 | 58,7 | 58,7 | 70,4 | 58,9 | 58,5 | 58,9 |
Fish, kg | 19,0 | 19,0 | 19,0 | 32,6 | 19,0 | 20,0 | 19,0 |
Milk, dairy products, kg | 290,8 | 290,8 | 290,8 | 260,8 | 290,8 | 254,8 | 290,8 |
Eggs, kg | 210,0 | 210,0 | 210,0 | 261,0 | 210,0 | 210,0 | 210,0 |
Vegetable oil, kg | 11,5 | 13,32 | 11,5 | 15,9 | 11,6 | 13,0 | 11,6 |
Other products, kg | 4,9 | 4,9 | 4,9 | 4,9 | 4,9 | 4,9 | 4,9 |
Non-grocery goods, % | 50,0 | 45,0 | 50,0 | 60,0 | 45,0 | 50,0 | 45,0 |
Services, % | 50,0 | 127,0 | 85,0 | 68,0 | 45,0 | 50,0 | 50,0 |
Since the composition of the PC is set at the level regional laws, then the figures for each region of the country are observed different.
Consumer holiday basket-2019
In 2019, the festive table for the New Year will be released for Russians at an average of 5,790 rubles. According to preliminary estimates, the cost of food for the festive table increased by 28% compared to last year.
Traditionally, the festive consumer basket includes 23 products: vegetable pickles, red caviar, raw smoked sausage, smoked fish and meat, fresh vegetables, cheese.
Often, Russians choose 1 kg of chicken and 1 kg of beef as hot, and desserts are oranges and bananas (1.5 kg each), lemons (0.2 kg), cake (about 1.0 kg) and chocolates (0. 5 kg).
On the table of drinks, there are usually juices, carbonated drinks, mineral water, cognac, champagne.
According to statistics, due to the increase in the price of many products this year, 63% of the country's residents plan to reduce spending on new year holidays. To a greater extent, the savings will affect gifts and various delicacies. On average, citizens plan to spend about 17,000 rubles on New Year's celebrations this year.
Some are mistaken when they think that living wage- This is a monetary value that exists only in our country. Actually, living wage- is the minimum level of income required to maintain a certain standard of living in the state.The standard of living is made up of the needs that we experience daily. It is easier to divide them into food needs and non-food needs. TO food includes a food set, the minimum necessary to ensure and maintain human life, to non-food- goods and services that do not include food, but are also an integral part of human life support. These include, for example, clothing, hygiene items, as well as mandatory government payments and fees.
The subsistence minimum in the Russian Federation
news
September 8, 2016Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev signed a bill, according to which new values of the subsistence minimum came into force: 9956 rubles(per capita), 10722 rubles (for able-bodied population), 8163 rubles (for pensioners), 9861 rubles (for children).
Period | Per capita | able-bodied citizens | pensioners | Children | Normative act |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
II quarter 2016 | 9956 | 10722 | 8163 | 9861 | Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 06.09.2016 No. 882 |
I quarter 2016 | 9776 | 10524 | 8025 | 9677 | Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 09.06.2016 No. 511 |
IV quarter 2015 | 9452 | 10187 | 7781 | 9197 | Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated March 10, 2016 No. 178 |
III quarter 2015 | 9673 | 10436 | 7951 | 9396 | Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 30, 2015 No. 1291 |
II quarter 2015 | 10 017 | 10 792 | 8210 | 9806 | Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 902 dated August 28, 2015 |
I quarter 2015 | 9662 | 10 404 | 7916 | 9489 | Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 04.06.2015 No. 545 |
The living wage is essentially intended to justify the value and is equated to the value of the consumer basket.
Consumer basket 2016
At its core, the living wage is the minimum cost of the so-called "consumer basket", which includes food and non-food products.
Which ones - determines the evaluation committee. Suppose, if you think that visiting a SPA salon is a necessary procedure for carrying out your life activities in the state, believe me, these visits will not be included in the consumer basket anyway. It combines only those goods and services, the absence of which can affect the health of citizens.
Roughly speaking, so that a person does not get sick and does not die, he needs this, this and that. At the same time, even the moral and cultural needs of a person are taken into account. For example, the basket contains the approach to the cinema or to some exhibition. True, you will have to visit such establishments once a month if you set a goal to keep your budget within the living wage determined by the state.
Like the cost of living, the consumer basket varies depending on the category of citizens: the working-age population, pensioners and children. According to our state, pensioners eat the least. It is difficult to say whether this is true or not, but the cost of the consumer basket for them is always calculated lower than for the other two categories of citizens.
From this table it is easy to make a calculation that, for example, you should have enough panties for about 4 months, and 50 grams of fish and other seafood on your table per day. These calculations are made for the able-bodied population (that is, for a full-fledged working man), for children and pensioners, of course, these figures will be lower.
How to live?
Is it possible to live on a living wage, using only products offered by the consumer basket? We offer you a very interesting experiment that shows the features of life on the means of a basket. How hard or easy it is - everyone will evaluate for themselves individually.Living wage pensioner
Pensioners in our country, according to those who made up the consumer basket for them, consume the least. Therefore, in absolutely every region, the subsistence minimum will be lower than that of children or the able-bodied population. On the one hand, there is a rational grain in this, on the other hand, a pensioner is deprived of any income whatsoever, except for a pension, which in turn will directly depend on the subsistence minimum.In other words, the pension cannot be lower than the pensioner's subsistence minimum, but the subsistence minimum determines the size of this pension.
That is, the amount of bread, fish and butter that a pensioner is allotted per month will depend entirely on the consumer basket, because the accrued pension is generally identical to the subsistence minimum.
The size of the subsistence minimum for a pensioner in the whole of the Russian Federation and in the regions.
Living wage per child
A separate column highlights the subsistence minimum necessary for the maintenance of the child. However, there is no proper age division. It is assumed that for children of primary preschool age and for a teenager, the parent must fit into that the minimum amount which is determined by the state. It is assumed that the cost of diapers at a younger age balances the cost of pants for schoolchildren, and vice versa.The size of the subsistence minimum for a child in the whole of the Russian Federation and in the regions.
Table of subsistence minimum values by regions of Russia
In each region of Russia, the living wage has its own personal meaning. This is due to the income of the population, as well as the cost of the food basket, which differs in each region. The values in the table are given in rubles.Note: The table below shows the values of the subsistence minimum in the Russian Federation for the II quarter of 2016, the relevance of the information is September 2016. You can also download the XLS file with data for previous periods.
Download data on the living wage for II quarter 2016, I quarter 2016, IV quarter 2015, III quarter 2015 in a single file xls
Table of values for the II quarter of 2016. All amounts are in rubles.
№ | Subject of the federation | Per capita | able-bodied citizens | pensioners | Children | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cities of federal significance | ||||||
1 | Moscow | 15382 | 17561 | 10883 | 13259 | |
2 | St. Petersburg | 10356,5 | 11375,7 | 8294,2 | 9986,2 | |
3 | Sevastopol | 9809 | 10503 | 8056 | 10375 | |
Republic | ||||||
4 | Adygea | 8722 | 9302 | 7142 | 8866 | |
5 | Altai | 9634 | 10019 | 8033 | 9832 | |
6 | Bashkortostan | 8839 | 9363 | 7167 | 9018 | |
7 | Buryatia | 9628 (Q1) | 10005 (Q1) | 7607 (Q1) | 10074 (Q1) | |
8 | Dagestan | 9145 | 9425 | 7220 | 9250 | |
9 | Ingushetia | 9041 | 9309 | 7123 | 9145 | |
10 | Kabardino-Balkaria | 11266 | 11596 | 8650 | 12560 | |
11 | Kalmykia | 8522 | 8907 | 6835 | 8651 | |
12 | Karachay-Cherkessia | 8823 | 9305 | 7072 | 9030 | |
13 | Karelia | 12985 | 14064 | 10958 | 12334 | |
14 | Komi | 12128 | 12914 | 9827 | 12336 | |
15 | Crimea | 9794 | 10456 | 8033 | 10405 | |
16 | Mari El | 8996 | 9576 | 7342 | 9266 | |
17 | Mordovia | 7985 | 8555 | 6557 | 8218 | |
18 | Sakha (Yakutia) | 16095 | 16974 | 12880 | 16704 | |
19 | North Ossetia Alania | 8942 | 9501 | 7161 | 9115 | |
20 | Tatarstan | 8141 | 8686 | 6656 | 8097 | |
21 | Tyva (Tuva) | 10193 | 10510 | 8036 | 10656 | |
22 | Udmurtia | 8510 | 9017 | 6926 | 8560 | |
23 | Khakassia | 9233 | 9727 | 7398 | 9776 | |
24 | Chechnya | 8926 (Q1) | 9700 (Q1) | 8701 (Q1) | 7717 (Q1) | |
25 | Chuvashia | 8434 | 8922 | 6873 | 8596 | |
The edges | ||||||
26 | Altai region | 8956 | 9572 | 7275 | 9011 | |
27 | Zabaykalsky Krai | 10775,98 | 11259 | 8572,88 | 11140,87 | |
28 | Kamchatka Krai | 19192 | 19965 | 15239 | 20641 | |
29 | Krasnodar region | 9958 | 10764 | 8219 | 9603 | |
30 | Krasnoyarsk region | 11111 | 11746 | 8641 | 11708 | |
31 | Perm region | 9594 | 10251 | 7857 | 9754 | |
32 | Primorsky Krai | 12767 | 13459 | 10226 | 13860 | |
33 | Stavropol region | 8407 | 8916 | 6810 | 8742 | |
34 | Khabarovsk region | 13174 | 14010 | 10664 | 13674 | |
Areas | ||||||
35 | Amurskaya Oblast | 11852 (Q1) | 12487 (Q1) | 9471 (Q1) | 12505 (Q1) | |
36 | Arhangelsk region | 13346 | 14319 | 11118 | 12877 | |
37 | Astrakhan region | 8987 | 9414 | 7220 | 9783 | |
38 | Belgorod region | 8221 | 8826 | 6822 | 8150 | |
39 | Bryansk region | 9223 | 9889 | 7659 | 9068 | |
40 | Vladimir region | 9398 | 10183 | 7856 | 9495 | |
41 | Volgograd region | 9216 (Q1) | 9898 (Q1) | 7477 (Q1) | 9331 (Q1) | |
42 | Vologodskaya Oblast | 10506 | 11337 | 8642 | 10382 | |
43 | Voronezh region | 8317 | 8990 | 6938 | 8277 | |
44 | Ivanovo region | 9650 | 10429 | 8026 | 9697 | |
45 | Irkutsk region | 10146 | 10753 | 8171 | 10370 | |
46 | Kaliningrad region | 10223 | 10965 |
8382 | 9914 | |
47 | Kaluga region | 9429 | 10124 | 7842 | 9345 | |
48 | Kemerovo region | 9032 | 9545 | 7267 | 9516 | |
49 | Kirov region | 9276 | 9943 | 7598 | 9318 | |
50 | Kostroma region | 9345 | 10112 | 7780 | 9262 | |
51 | Kurgan region | 9333 | 9962 | 7707 | 9841 | |
52 | Kursk region | 8456 | 9060 | 7015 | 8562 | |
53 | Leningrad region | 9068 | 9624 | 7901 | 8877 | |
54 | Lipetsk region | 8523 | 9144 | 7092 | 8721 | |
55 | Magadan Region | 18575 | 19455 | 14576 | 19716 | |
56 | Moscow region | 10916 (Q1) | 12082 (Q1) | 8178 (Q1) | 10697 (Q1) | |
57 | Murmansk region | 13731 | 14281 | 11439 | 14223 | |
58 | Nizhny Novgorod Region | 8891 | 9531 | 7329 | 9204 | |
59 | Novgorod region | 9936 | 10778 | 8223 | 9909 | |
60 | Novosibirsk region | 10614 | 11281 | 8516 | 10995 | |
61 | Omsk region | 8787 | 9294 | 7071 | 9065 | |
62 | Orenburg region | 8467 | 8942 | 6920 | 8750 | |
63 | Oryol Region | 8967 | 9604 | 7435 | 9035 | |
64 | Penza region | 8522 | 9151 | 7003 | 8960 | |
65 | Pskov region | 10648 | 11550 | 8786 | 10481 | |
66 | Rostov region | 9734 | 10337 | 7869 | 10281 | |
67 | Ryazan Oblast | 8930 | 9647 | 7424 | 8905 | |
68 | Samara Region | 9810 | 10755 | 7751 | 9785 | |
69 | Saratov region | 8384 | 8983 | 6886 | 8672 | |
70 | Sakhalin region | 13938 | 14650 | 11037 | 14773 | |
71 | Sverdlovsk region | 9675 | 10309 | 7976 | 9964 | |
72 | Smolensk region | 10599 | 11392 | 8696 | 10541 | |
73 | Tambov Region | 8403 | 9096 | 7031 | 8385 | |
74 | Tver region | 9747.25 (Q1) | 10468.37 (Q1) | 8052.75 (Q1) | 10215.7 (Q1) | |
75 | Tomsk region | 10753 (Q1) | 11303 (Q1) | 8588 (Q1) | 11203 (Q1) | |
76 | Tula region | 9212 | 9854 | 7926 | 9113 | |
77 | Tyumen region | 10285 | 10803 | 8229 | 10630 | |
78 | Ulyanovsk region | 9029 | 9678 | 7403 | 9285 | |
79 | Chelyabinsk region | 9538 | 10184 | 7857 | 9881 | |
80 | Yaroslavl region | 9095 | 10078 | 7454 | 9354 | |
Autonomous region | ||||||
81 | Jewish Autonomous Region | 12794,50 | 13509,19 | 10224,53 | 13482,66 | |
Autonomous regions | ||||||
82 | Nenets Autonomous District | 19493 | 20270 | 15821 | 21076 | |
83 | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug - Yugra | 15072 | 15652 | 11855 | 14514 | |
84 | Chukotka | 18576 | 19032 | 14325 | 19387 | |
85 | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 15993 | 16567 | 12519 | 15763 |
The formation of a consumer basket gives an idea of the level of spending that citizens have. Based on these data, the important factors according to the ratio of the level of poverty in the state.
Such questions are being developed government bodies to control aspects of the activities of other ministries and institutions. Every year the content and cost of the basket changes and this leads to the same trends in other areas.
What it is
Consideration of the question of the consumer basket makes it possible to establish several points:
- what is the minimum level for living necessary for citizens;
- in which direction economic trends are changing;
- comparison of indicators with other countries;
- the establishment of benefits and social assistance for citizens - at what level this should be carried out.
The peculiarity of the situation in Russian Federation is that the development of the basket exists at several levels. Initially, indicators are taken according to the set that operates in the whole country.
Then comes the distribution for each of the regions, subjects and settlements. This division is connected with the fact that in different parts of the country there are differences in prices for goods and services, wages.
Photo: composition of the consumer basket
The indicators of this area must be taken into account for the uniform establishment of the basket and the subsistence minimum.
Consumer basket acts as the object of the economy, which includes indicators for:
- food products;
- non-food goods and services.
Due to these factors, a citizen manages to maintain health and ensure full life activity. Although all indicators are at the minimum value, they should be satisfactory.
The subsistence minimum for all citizens is calculated by Rosstat. They take as a basis those amounts that are offered as a result of the basket.
The consumer basket is calculated based on federal law No. 227-FZ “On the consumer basket as a whole in the Russian Federation”. Edits are made every New Year. Article 2 prescribes the totality of the set and the sizes of the minimum values.
Photo: the size of the consumer basket in the regions of the Russian Federation
Initially, for all calculations, they relied on No. 44-FZ, but it has lost its force. Since 2012, new regulations and legislation have been in force. It establishes the amount of products and a set of goods.
This regulation will remain in effect until 2021. This was planned by the government, at the initiative of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection back in 2017. The revision regarding the composition of the PC is carried out no earlier than once every five years.
What determines the size of the PC
A consumer basket is a set that focuses solely on the cost of goods. Depending on how much this or that product or service costs, the quantity that will be present in the basket is set.
The more expensive the price of the product, the less its quantity in the set becomes. Only those positions that are mandatory for life are selected in the PC. These include baselines for products and for non-food items.
Services are listed as a separate category. The state takes into account those that are submitted by it - payment for housing and communal receipts. Additionally, a certain set of trips per year is given.
Based on such positions, a decision is made as to what to bring into the PC and what to leave outside it. Such a set has nothing to do with the real state of affairs. It only makes it possible to calculate living in conditions of austerity.This is necessary in order to determine the amount of assistance in different life situations. For example, after losing a job. A person does not live in such conditions all the time, it is only a small support for a while.
How often changes are made
Initially, it is necessary to divide the indicators in this area into those that are determined structurally and by content. Thus, the formation of objects that fill the PC is carried out no more than once every five years. Having established a list of products and services, the state does not change them.
At the same time, there is a change within the quantity of listed goods. The cost of living is reviewed at least once a quarter.
Depending on what the economic situation is, the amounts move up and down. This is normal and is associated with an increase or decrease in the cost of living.
In the course of such processes, different areas of financing are also affected. Separately, there are PCs for able-bodied and those who are recognized as deprived of such abilities, pensioners. Distinctive indicators and on the calculation of amounts in relation to children.
It is important to take into account that the legislation of the Russian Federation prescribes all the points for the set of meals and services. The regulatory legal act contains clauses on quantities for one calendar year.
Therefore, it is immediately necessary to correctly interpret the amounts that relate to the month or day. These are average coefficients that can be calculated on your own.
Important Aspects
When considering the features of the set for consumption, the moments of distribution of the amounts are taken into account. Based on the size of the subsistence minimum in the required region.
For 2019, the set includes 156 positions. You can compare this level with other countries - in the USA 300 positions are given, in Germany 475 positions are registered, and in the UK - 350.
Comparison is also relevant in the case of prices in different regions. In Russia, the data differ in the central regions and in the provinces. The highest cost of a PC is observed in the capital and in St. Petersburg.These are the two settlements that form the largest sizes in terms of the subsistence minimum and wages. Therefore, the level of cost of living is also more expensive.
How is the food basket calculated for different categories of the population
The calculation takes into account different groups of people. For them, the cost of living indicators are different. Everything comes from the needs of the citizen category.
The main factors considered are:
What are the requirements for food products |
|
Norms for non-food items |
|
What determines the minimum |
|
The entire cost is dictated by the market and the amount of payments. They are set periodically and may change, affecting the cost of living and PC.
St. Petersburg
In the northern capital for 2019, the following sizes are established for the consumer basket for an able-bodied person:
In relation to non-food facilities, a value of no more than 45% is assigned, and for other services - 50 percent.
Moscow
In Moscow, calculations are based on a high standard of living, therefore there are also increased norms for PC:
The leadership of this region decided to allocate 45% of the PC for non-food products. For services, 127% is set for payment.
What needs to be added
Questions about changing the size of the consumer set arise every year. Economic crisis, inflation, lead to the fact that it is almost impossible to increase the indicators.
The burden on the budget is large and finance wages, social sphere funds are not enough. In Russia, products take up half the cost of a PC, although in developed countries the level should be no more than 20%.
Photo: changes in the structure of the consumer basket
The range of products and services should be supplemented by services in the medical field. So far, there are no such indicators in the list. After all, on legislative level prescribed free treatment. In fact, in addition to the imperfect basket, there is also the purchase of medicines, payment for ongoing medical interventions.
The same applies to education - despite the normative free, you have to pay for it. School goods are not included in the consumer minimum set.
The purchase of household appliances, home renovation and entertainment are not included in the whole value of the living basket for Russians. Although due to constant technical changes, they need to be made there.
Consumer spending in Russia is regulated by an appropriate basket. Its composition, size and cost are determined based on the economic condition of the country.
Indicators of the actual needs of citizens are practically not taken into account. Therefore, there is a lot of controversy regarding the appropriateness of compiling such lists.
Video: how this value has changed in 2019
The minimum food basket is the most expensive in the village of Baikalovo Sverdlovsk region, the cheapest - in Naberezhnye Chelny. Such a conclusion can be drawn by examining the prices of Magnit in 1273 settlements of the country
Photo: Ekaterina Kuzmina / RBC
What and how was considered
Rosstat's "List of goods included in the conditional (minimum) set of food products" is the basis for the calculations of the "Magnit" basket. There are 33 items on the list, analysts excluded one from it - lamb, which is not available in every store (the list is given at the end of the article). Analysts clarified some of the positions: for example, margarine is simply indicated in the Rosstat list, and margarine with a fat content of 40% is used to calculate the Magnit basket.
The basket is calculated for 1273 settlements where Magnit stores are located and where all selected items are presented. For calculations, products are used that fully correspond to the description, or, in their absence, the closest to it. The minimum price for each item is taken. The mass of the product, which Rosstat in the list gives in a conditional calculation for a year, is divided into 12 months. For example, Rosstat accepts the consumption of millet at 6 kg per year, which means that the cost of 500 g is used for the monthly calculation.
What does the price depend on
If we group prices by regions, having calculated the arithmetic average for all their available points, the most expensive (the basket costs more than 3,000 rubles) will be the Tyumen region and Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous region. “Pricing is influenced, on the one hand, by the higher income level of the population in the oil regions,” explains Natalya Kolupaeva, senior analyst at Raiffeisenbank. “And on the other hand, the higher cost of logistics to distant cities.”
Moscow was not included in the top 10 most expensive regions, but St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region were. This is explained, in particular, by low level competition between suppliers, Mikhail Burmistrov, General Director of INFOLine-Analytics, believes: “In St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, the number of local suppliers of the main categories of products — vegetables, bakery products, milk, is very limited, so their wholesale prices are much higher than in the capital.”
The cheapest - below 2500 rubles. - a grocery basket in March could be bought in ten regions of Russia. Basically, these are regions with a low level of income of the population: Saratov, Penza, Volgograd regions, the Republics of Chuvashia, Udmurtia and others. Also, a lower cost of the basket is observed in regions with developed agriculture: for example, the Republic of Tatarstan took third place in the ranking of the cheapest, Burmistrov notes.
The price of a basket often differs dramatically in different localities of the same region. For example, the leader in terms of high cost is the village of Baikalovo in the Sverdlovsk region (3181 rubles), and the city of Revda in the same Sverdlovsk region took only 1138th place (2529 rubles). Sometimes the spread is due to logistics, sometimes due to competition. Magnit operates in many small towns, and if a retailer has to compete only with conditional tents on wheels, he does not have to give big discounts, ”explains Kolupaeva from Raiffeisenbank. In the opposite situation, with high competition, Magnit often tries to make its minimum grocery basket cheaper. In addition, each store has a turnover target, which also affects the price level, adds Burmistrov: “In order for a store to meet its turnover target, prices for certain goods may go up or down depending on the situation.”
Why is the basket cheaper?
In May 2015, from which Gradoteka began collecting Magnit data, average cost consumer basket amounted to 3019 rubles, and in March 2016 - 2749 rubles, that is, the basket fell in price by almost 10% in ten months. Despite the fact that inflation in March 2016 compared to March 2015 was 7.3%.
Chains deliberately subsidize prices for some product categories to attract buyers, analysts explain: now many consumers ply between chains in search of the best price, so it is important for retailers to have goods with the best prices. Thus, in a recent study consumer index Ivanov, Sberbank CIB analysts indicated that now the average number retail chains, in which Russians of the middle class are 2.2. Due to marketing, inflation on the shelves of the largest Russian chains is much lower than the overall official food inflation, they noted. “People are looking for substitute products or goods on sale, as a result, prices have fallen within most product categories,” Kolupaeva explains.
What not to do with the shopping cart
The cost of the basket calculated using Magnit's prices cannot be directly compared with the cost of the basket calculated by Rosstat. The differences between them are not limited to the excluded lamb. There are at least two things to note: the Magnit basket is counted according to settlements, and Rosstatovskaya - by region, and Rosstat takes data not only from discounters, but also from premium retailers, and in general not only from retail chains. The cost of the consumer basket of Rosstat at the end of March 2016 amounted to 3,655 rubles, which is 1.3 times more than that of Magnit.
Finally, one should not draw hasty conclusions about the life of ordinary Russians from the cost and composition of the basket. Rosstat warns against this: “The given data in the weight gain (quantity) of goods are conditional and do not reflect their real consumption by the population.”
Minimum grocery basket (32 items)
Vermicelli - 500 g
Beef (shoulder meat) - 1.25 kg
Peas and beans - 608 g
Fresh white cabbage - 2.92 kg
Caramel - 58.33 g
Fresh potatoes - 12.5 kg
Chilled and frozen chickens - 1.17 kg
Fresh onion - 1.67 kg
Margarine (40%) - 500 g
Refined deodorized sunflower oil - 583.33 g
Butter (72.5%) - 150 g
Whole pasteurized drinking milk (2.5-3.2%) - 9.17 l
Fresh carrots - 2.92 kg
Wheat flour of the highest grade - 1.67 kg
Fresh cucumbers - 150 g
Black pepper (peas) - 60.83 g
Cookies - 58.33 g
Millet - 500 g
Long-grain polished rice - 416.67 g
Whole frozen fish - 1.17 kg
Granulated sugar - 1.67 kg
Pork (shoulder meat) - 333.33 g
Salted herring - 58.33 g
Sour cream (20%) - 150 g
Food table salt - 304.17 g
Rennet cheeses, hard and soft (40-50%) - 208.33 g
Low-fat cottage cheese (1.8-2%) - 833.33 g
Bread and bakery products made from wheat flour of 1 and 2 grades - 6.25 kg
Bread made from rye flour and from a mixture of rye and wheat flour - 9.58 kg
Long leaf black tea - 41.67 g
Fresh apples - 1.55 kg
Table chicken eggs (grade 1 and grade 2) - 15 pieces
The cost of the consumer basket in Moscow, in stores of different price categories. The price index is based on the calculation of the cost of the minimum consumer basket.
Product selection
Products were selected based on the price category of the store, convenience of choice, etc. This means that in Pyaterochka we will not choose the most expensive oil, but in Auchan we will look for a certain product, provided that it is easier to get a similar one from the shelf. We take the products that are on the shelf! If one sugar disappears, we take the one that is closer in price.
The composition of the consumer basket
The products and the required annual volumes are selected according to the "consumer basket law" of 2012. The volume of the consumer basket for the working population on average per year:
- Bread, pasta, cereals in terms of flour - 126,5 kg
- Potato - 100,4 kg
- Vegetables gourds - 114,6 kg
- Fresh fruits - 60 kg
- Sugar and confectionery in terms of sugar - 23,8 kg
- Meat products - 58,6 kg
- Fish products - 18,5 kg
- Milk and dairy products in terms of milk - 290 kg (but we take liters)
- Eggs - 210 PCS
- Vegetable oil margarine and fats - 11,0 kg
- Other products (salt, tea, spices) - 4,9 kg
total cost consumer basket (products + goods + services) according to the law is double cost grocery consumer basket.
Prices in Pyaterochka We take on the cheapest products.
Prices at Crossroads, ABC of taste And Seventh Continent- for products of medium and high price category.
Prices in Auchan- on products that are well-known, easy to find.
We do not compare prices in different stores, we calculate the cost of a grocery basket and for the sake of completeness we calculate it for different products in different stores.
The organization of nutrition in the volume of the consumer basket can be carried out according to the approximate diet developed by the State Duma Committee on Health Protection. However, the rate of consumption of fresh fruit is puzzling. It does not meet the recommendations of nutritionists at all and is clearly underestimated. But the consumption of eggs is much higher than the recommended rate:. This corresponds to 150-160 pcs. per year, but not 210.