What is the best foundation for a greenhouse. Greenhouse foundation: when is it really needed? The device of the brick part of the foundation
A greenhouse is a structure that weighs several times less than a house. That is, its design is sufficient, lightweight, and in many cases it is required to make its base stronger. This allows you to create a foundation. How to build it correctly? Which type to choose when building a greenhouse?
The foundation during construction endows the greenhouse with reliability, safety and stationarity. The greenhouse is a light building and therefore a temporary building. Do you need a foundation for a greenhouse?
- It helps the greenhouse frame to remain in place even in strong winds, rains and other negative weather conditions.
- The materials from which the greenhouse is built are fully protected from negative environmental influences.
- It increases the thermal insulation properties of the greenhouse. Greenhouses with it retain heat 15 percent longer than without it.
- Provides reliable protection against fog and cold air currents.
- It is directly involved in the protection of plants and the very structure of the greenhouse from the effects of pests.
- Now it becomes clear that any greenhouse structure must be durable, weather resistant, and also comply with design features.
- It makes the structure more stable. This is especially important at the end of winter, as the snow cover becomes heavy and melt water can break the greenhouse. Exactly - this is called reliability.
- If you save on building materials in its installation and use improvised and low-quality tools, then such a foundation can quickly become unusable. The result is a broken greenhouse.
- It must correspond in size, shape and materials from which the greenhouse structure is built. If the materials have significant differences, then the structure will bend and eventually completely break down.
Important!
The choice of the right materials, as well as the type of construction, not only of the greenhouse base, but also of the foundation play a huge role in its operation. The yield and well-being of cultivated plants that grow in it depend on this.
Foundation types
The foundation is the foundation of any structure. Its choice depends on the material from which the greenhouse will be mounted. For example, polycarbonate is a lightweight building material and requires less rigid material to install than glass.
The foundation can be of several types:
- From wooden beams.
- On a concrete-brick basis.
- Concrete, tape.
- Block-based.
- In the form of a columnar base.
- Monolithic slab.
From wooden beams
This building material is suitable for building the foundation of a greenhouse that is operated only in the summer season. In order for it to serve you longer, you should follow a few simple rules:
- carefully inspect them before using the bars;
- you need to choose a dry, clean, undamaged tree by insects and rodents, there is no rot;
- before you start building the foundation, treat the beams with protective equipment.
The wood base is lightweight and an affordable building material. When installing this type of base, window frames can be used, but only after careful processing. The tree has one significant drawback - when interacting with negative environmental factors, the service life is short. Various kinds of antiseptics allow extending its operational period.
On a concrete-brick basis
It is applicable to greenhouses that are operated from early spring to late autumn. The weight of this type of foundation is small. It's easy to build. The concrete - brick foundation copes well with increased loads and deformations. It is suitable for the construction of a winter heated version.
The disadvantages include the ability to accumulate moisture. Brick breaks down quickly. In colder climatic zones, it must be additionally insulated.
Concrete, tape
A concrete-based strip foundation serves as a substitute for a brick foundation. It is especially suitable for the installation of greenhouses that work in winter. Strip foundation possesses increased reliability compared to brick, but easy to build and can be made by yourself.
The advantages of this type of foundation are durability, resistance to moisture and other harmful weather conditions.
The negative characteristics include low thermal insulation, high weight. Its cost will be quite expensive.
Block-based
This type of foundation is suitable for building in areas where the soil is very wet. But for construction, additional, special equipment is used. Positive properties - the construction process is simple and inexpensive. The negative effects of weather and environmental conditions do not cause much damage to him.
The negative characteristics are that the thermal insulation is very low. It is unstable to mechanical damage and quickly degrades.
Columnar base
This type of foundation is easy to build. Is inexpensive. The pillars are screwed into the ground 750-850 millimeters deep. If the greenhouse is small, you do not need to bury them in the soil. It is best to install them between themselves in one and a half to two meters from each other.
The main advantages are reliability, strength, durability. The cost is small. The negative characteristics include the fact that additional work is required during installation. They are enclosed in the installation of a rigid strapping, and the base requires additional insulation.
Monolithic slab
If the groundwater on the site is close to the earth's surface or the soil is not stable, then it is best to choose a foundation in the form of a monolithic slab. There are two types of slabs:
- She swims. That is, the concrete base is located on the ground from above.
- Plate with rigid ribs. It is a combined construction of concrete belts and only in the upper part a monolith slab is attached to them.
Important!
The strip-concrete foundation is necessarily closed in a ring, and when building a monolithic foundation from a slab, this is not required.
A monolithic base has a huge number of advantages, for example, durability, strength. Also, the greenhouse frame is firmly fixed and can be installed on any type of soil. The interior space is completely isolated from unexpected weather behavior.
Building this type of foundation will be quite expensive. After installing it, it is necessary to additionally insulate it. For the well-being of plants when installing a base from a monolith, do not forget about drainage system.
What foundation to choose for a greenhouse
It does not matter what covering material for the greenhouse will be used, for example, polycarbonate, glass, plastic film, the base can be any. Here you need to look at both the structure of the structure and the quality of the soil. But the best thing is to do research in the field of geodesy. They will help determine the quality of the soil on the site. Also, do not forget to take into account the climate zone in which you live.
In the construction of capital greenhouses, which in the future will operate year-round. An excellent option for the foundation would be a tape-concrete type. It can be used in the construction of any kind of greenhouse structures. If you use a temporary structure on your site that will only be operated in summer season, then feel free to choose a foundation based on pillars.
Base for polycarbonate construction
The polycarbonate greenhouse structure has light weight, but in order to extend its life, it is best to put it on a foundation. To choose the optimal type of base for it is worth considering:
- What is the size of the greenhouse structure? The strength of the base depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe structure.
- What are the features of the soil on your land plot... They should be taken into account - to what depth the ground freezes, whether there is groundwater, what type of soil belongs to.
From the entire article, we can conclude that the foundation must be a solid support that will protect the plants from the influence of negative factors. It should also be:
- resistant to various natural phenomena;
- have increased strength and provide high-quality support for the entire structure of the structure;
- correspond to the parameters of the greenhouse structure.
In the spring, when the snow is melting, it will be important that the greenhouse has a solid structure that can withstand melting snow and melt water flows. If the base is built with errors, then this will lead to negative consequences... It will also be important that the greenhouse and the foundation must be identical in size - this also affects the strength of the structure. And such a greenhouse looks much nicer and more beautiful.
The correct base protects not only the overall structure, but also the plants. Also, thanks to him, a microclimate is formed inside, which has a positive effect on the growth of pets.
What type of foundation did you choose. Whatever building materials your greenhouse is built from. The main task of the entire structure is to completely protect the plants from the influence of negative factors. external environment... The greenhouse must maintain optimal conditions for good growth of cultivated plants so that at the end of the gardening season they will please you with a good harvest.
Now you can draw a conclusion for yourself: "Where is the best place to put the greenhouse on the foundation or in the ground?"
The construction of the foundation is a crucial stage, the strength and stability of the structure largely depends on it. A greenhouse without a foundation is a structure that some summer residents build on their sites from polycarbonate. Let's try to figure out how justified this construction option is.
A reliable foundation will be needed both for a finished structure purchased on the market, and for a building made with your own hands from scrap materials.
The article explains why a foundation is needed. In it you will find a photo of the foundation for the greenhouse.
The article raises the question of what kind of foundation the structure will need, depending on the chosen building material. There is detailed instructionshow to make a foundation for a polycarbonate building.
Why do you need a foundation to build a greenhouse?
Typically, a foundation is needed for a permanent building such as a house. As for the light structures in the country, they are being erected temporarily. Land owners cannot but be interested in the question of whether a foundation is needed for a greenhouse at all.
There is only one possible answer here - there is no way to do without building a base. The foundation performs the following tasks:
- Provides reliable fixation of the frame, which is not afraid of strong gusts of wind or atmospheric precipitation.
- Does not allow the structure to come into contact with the ground, thereby increasing the service life. The base will retain approximately 10% heat.
- The base prevents cold air and fog from entering.
- Protects the structure with the crop from insect pests and rodents.
What are the foundations for greenhouse structures?
There are 4 types of foundations:
- tape;
- pile;
- columnar;
- slab.
Knowing the specific features of the soil, relief, climate, and dimensions of the building will help the owner of the site decide what to make a foundation for the greenhouse.
Tape
A tape base is considered suitable for the vast majority of structures. According to the construction principle, there are several types:
- Shallow. It lies on a solid layer of soil. To do it, you need to remove the fertile soil. Such a base serves as a grillage for a foundation on piles.
- Shallow. A trench is dug to a depth of 70 or 80 cm. A special pillow is prepared in advance for the base. This option is not suitable when the groundwater is close to the site.
- Recessed. It is sunk to a considerable depth. On average, the indicator varies from 1.2 m to 1.4 m.
The height of the cross-section must be greater than the thickness or width. The proportional ratio of the length of the structure in relation to the width is 1.5 - 2: 1.
The optimal proportion for depth with height is 0.7: 0.3-0.4 m. Concrete blocks, stone, clay, brick, foam blocks, concrete can serve as materials for the construction of a strip foundation.
If the greenhouse needs a foundation that is cheap, then it should be built from a bar. Special protective compounds will help to make the base more durable to prevent the process of decay.
Pile
A pile foundation is an excellent option for building a greenhouse in wetlands or uneven areas.
- hammered;
- screw.
For installation pile foundation it takes less time than the construction of the belt. The distance between the piles is from 1.5 to 2 m. The grillage of the building can be monolithic concrete. It can also be constructed from beams or sleepers.
Columnar
Columnar base is a budget solution suitable for small buildings. Such a foundation for a greenhouse with your own hands will need to be deepened by 0.7-0.8 m.
For the construction of a columnar base, the following materials may be needed:
- brick;
- rubble stone;
- t-shaped concrete pillars;
- pipes made of metal, asbestos or roofing material;
- foam blocks;
- wooden stumps.
To prevent cold from penetrating into the structure, the gap between the ground level and the base of the structure is sewn up with boards.
Platen
The slab base is a suitable solution for areas with unstable ground or high groundwater levels. There are 2 types of stove:
- floating;
- base with stiffeners.
A trench is dug under the slab to a depth of 0.3-0.7 m. Sand and crushed stone are poured at the bottom, the pillow is leveled and covered with geotextile and roofing felt on top.
The thickness of the foundation is calculated depending on the purpose of the building. For a light greenhouse, 100 mm is sufficient, and for a large stationary greenhouse, 200 or 250 mm is required.
Building a polycarbonate greenhouse
The structure has its own characteristics. So, a strip foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse is the best choice.
- You need to create a project. The drawing indicates the dimensions of the future structure and the main components. At this stage, you need to decide on the building materials and their quantity.
- Choosing a place for the construction of a greenhouse. Cleans stumps and debris from the construction site.
- We build the foundation.
- It is recommended that the base is 1/3 above the ground.
- fixed to the base with anchor bolts.
After installing the greenhouse, it is important to seal the gap between the base of the structure and the foundation.
Photo of the foundation for the greenhouse
Although a greenhouse is a lightweight construction, it requires a reliable and solid foundation. Indeed, in the absence of a good foundation, there is a risk that it will "walk" around the site, and young plants may die from frost and wind. So, what kind of foundation is needed for a greenhouse and how to build it correctly?
The foundation for the greenhouse is a reliable foundation for the structure, which prolongs its service life, as well as protects the plantings from negative factors. Many summer residents have a question: is it possible to build a greenhouse without a foundation in order to save money and time?
Of course, this is possible, but arranging the base for a greenhouse has a number of advantages:
- the foundation firmly anchors the greenhouse to the ground, so that even the strongest winds will not be afraid of it;
- the structure will be located above ground level - this will save about 10% of the heat inside;
- insects, moles and other pests will not be able to reach the plantings;
- plants will be protected from frost, precipitation and other adverse factors.
Some of the most important characteristics that a greenhouse foundation must have are strength, resistance to the environment and conformity to design features.
- Reliability... The stability of the base plays a special role during the end of winter, as melted snow and water can destroy the entire structure.
- Resistance to negative factors... For the sake of economy, some summer residents build a foundation from improper tools for these purposes (for example, plastic bottles or old tires) or low-quality material, which can be a big mistake - due to the influence of groundwater and temperature changes, such a foundation can quickly collapse.
- Compliance with the size, shape and material of the greenhouse... If the technical features of the structure differ significantly from the features of the foundation, the greenhouse will quickly deform and may even collapse.
Summing up, we can say that not only the appearance and functionality, but also the "health" of plantings and the future harvest depend on the correct choice of the type and material of the base of the greenhouse.
The basis for the greenhouse is selected depending on the material from which the structure is made (for example, silicate glass requires a more rigid base than), financial and time costs, as well as the climatic conditions of the region. The types of foundations that are used to equip greenhouses include strip and surface (shallow or not buried). The principles of their construction are almost identical with the only difference that a deeper pit will be needed for the tape base.
As for building materials, in this case, you can take wood (timber), brick, concrete mixas well as ready-made concrete slabs or blocks. Each of the options has its own advantages and disadvantages that must be considered when choosing a foundation.
Concrete slab prices
concrete slab foundation
Table. Advantages and disadvantages different types foundations.
Foundation type | pros | Minuses |
---|---|---|
Wooden | Cheap, lightweight and easy to operate and operate (the structure can be easily moved to another place). Good thermal insulation performance. | Low strength, therefore suitable for polycarbonate greenhouses and other lightweight structures. A short service life in comparison with other materials, and in conditions of high humidity it will rot even after processing with special compounds. |
Concrete-brick | It is lightweight, easy to set up, resists stress and deformation well, therefore it is suitable for heated greenhouses. | The material has the ability to accumulate moisture and quickly deteriorate. In low temperature conditions, it requires additional insulation. |
Concrete tape | Reliable, durable, well resists high humidity and other negative factors. | It requires considerable investment, has low thermal insulation properties and a large mass. Difficult enough to arrange. |
Blocky | Easy to install, relatively inexpensive, resistant to environmental influences. | Poor heat retention and low strength. |
Columnar | Reliable, strong, durable, and relatively cheap. | The structural features of the foundation require additional work - rigid piping and insulation of the basement. |
Pile | The design is extremely simple to install, if necessary, it can be easily transferred to another place. Work can be carried out in any weather, suitable for moving soils and areas with difficult terrain. | Disadvantages are similar to those possessed by columnar foundation... In addition, the metal piles from which the frame is made are prone to corrosion. |
Platen | Durable and strong, provides rigid fixation and stability of the structure on any soil. It well insulates the inner space of the greenhouse from negative factors and pests. | Expensive to install, has a lot of weight and requires additional insulation. Since the plantings will be isolated from the usual soil, it will be necessary to equip drainage in the greenhouse and carefully monitor the microclimate. |
To choose the right base structure for a greenhouse, the following rules must be observed.
- It is not recommended to build a greenhouse on a buried foundation, as it can collapse due to heaving of the soil.
- The base should not be heavier than the whole structure, otherwise the greenhouse will deform or warp over time.
- Insulation of the foundation is required only for those greenhouses that are planned to be used in the winter: for this, expanded polystyrene or expanded clay is used, which is used to fill the gaps between the base structure and the trench.
Important! Another important point is that the reliability and strength of both the foundation and the entire greenhouse depend on strict adherence to the construction instructions and the correct execution of all work.
Step-by-step instructions for laying a foundation for a greenhouse
Each type of foundation has its own characteristics of the laying, but in any case, you must first make the appropriate calculations (depending on the dimensions and design of the room). After that, the site is cleared of debris, trees and bushes, and, if necessary, leveled.
Tools and materials
Materials for arranging the foundation are selected in advance, it can be a wooden beam, concrete mix, blocks, etc.
In addition, the following tools will be needed to complete the work:
- rope or fishing line;
- wooden stakes;
- building level;
- roulette;
- hacksaw;
- a hammer;
- nails;
- shovel and bayonet;
- anchors for fixing the main structure.
It should be noted that this is not full list tools and materials at hand necessary for arranging the foundation. Depending on the type of base chosen, you will need to add a hand drill (for a pile foundation), boards for formwork (for laying strip base) etc.
A polycarbonate greenhouse, like any other structure, requires regular maintenance and sometimes repair. He will tell you about the proper care of the greenhouse, as well as the techniques and methods of repair.
Laying a foundation from a bar
A timber foundation is the best option for economical summer residents who plan to use the greenhouse exclusively in the warm season.
The timber should be clean and dry (moisture content no more than 20-22%), without signs of rotting or damage by pests, and the section depends on the size of the greenhouse - for a large-sized structure, logs with a large section will be needed. The best option is larch material, which has been previously treated with antiseptic compounds (otherwise you will have to do it yourself, since the foundation will quickly rot or be damaged by pests).
A base from a bar can be made in several ways, and the simplest one consists of the following steps.
Step 1. Mark the selected area with wooden stakes and ropes, and make sure that each angle is 90 degrees.
Step 2. Remove the top layer of soil (later it can be used for the beds).
Step 3. Dig a trench along the perimeter of the marking, the depth of which is determined depending on the section of the timber (for example, for a material with a section of 100x100 mm, a trench 150 mm deep will be enough), and the width should be 70-80 mm more than the thickness of the logs.
Step 4. Lay out the bottom and walls of the trench with roofing material, which will play the role of a waterproofing material. The material should be laid with an overlap - so that the timber is in a kind of "envelope".
Roofing material prices
roofing felt
Step 5. Lay the timber on roofing felt and fasten the corners together in any way that is used for the construction of wooden houses (for example, "in a paw" or "in half a tree").
Step 6. Fasten the structure with metal corners, which have holes for nails or self-tapping screws.
Step 7. Align the base to the spirit level using wooden wedges or scraps. Minor deviations are eliminated by adding sand or gravel.
This solution is suitable for areas with simple terrain and low groundwater levels. On damp soils or areas with difficult terrain, it is recommended to install the frame on low point supports. The frame for such a foundation is made as indicated above, but does not fit into the trench, but is installed on rods previously driven into the ground - one support on the inside of each corner and every 1-1.5 m along the perimeter of the future greenhouse. As a building material, you can use cuttings of reinforcement, screw supports or wooden stakes (length no more than 70 cm). A timber frame is nailed or screwed to the supports.
Laying brick foundations
A brick foundation is much more reliable and durable than a lumber foundation, but its installation will require more time and labor, since the frame is installed on a special cushion made of concrete and gravel. This pillow protects the foundation from deformation due to heaving of the soil, due to which the structure will be reliable and durable. It is better to use not silicate, but ordinary red brick, since it is less susceptible to destruction due to the influence of negative factors. The algorithm for laying a brick foundation is as follows.
Step 1. Make markings at the site of the future greenhouse.
Step 2. Remove the top layer of soil to a depth of 20-25 cm.
Step 3. At the bottom of the resulting trench, fill up well-washed gravel and tamp it thoroughly, and the layer should be at least 5 cm.When erecting a brick foundation on a pillow, you can do without gravel, making the base only of concrete, but gravel will give the structure more rigidity and stability.
Step 4. Prepare a concrete mixture of cement, gravel and sand, recommended proportions: one part cement, three parts sand and five parts gravel.
Step 5. Pour the prepared mixture into the trench, then wait at least two weeks for the concrete to harden completely.
Step 6. To waterproof the foundation, lay a layer of roofing material on the pillow.
Step 7. Lay bricks, and the number of rows depends on the size of the greenhouse - one row will be enough for a small structure. Strengthen the anchors between the bricks, which will serve as fasteners for the future greenhouse, while focusing on its design features... The bricks should be laid as evenly as possible, using the building level for checking, and the space between them should be well filled with mortar to avoid cold air entering the inner space of the greenhouse.
After the solution hardens, you can proceed to the construction of a greenhouse, which is attached to the anchors fixed in the foundation.
Laying strip foundation
A strip foundation is the simplest, but at the same time the cheapest and most reliable version of the foundation for a greenhouse, which will provide the structure with all the necessary characteristics and protect the plantings from the influence of negative factors. it optimal solution for polycarbonate structures, which today is one of the most popular materials for the construction of greenhouses and greenhouses. The principle of laying such a foundation is similar to laying a brick foundation.
Step 1. At the site of the future foundation, according to the markings, dig a trench 30-50 cm deep and 15-20 cm wide.If the greenhouse is planned to be used in winter, the trench must be dug deeper - approximately to the depth of the soil freezing.
Step 2. Build a formwork (can be made from old boards), if necessary, strengthen it with supports and ties.
Formwork scheme for pouring (example for large greenhouses)
Step 3. Cover the bottom with sand (layer about 20 cm) or gravel (at least 5-10 cm), then tamp.
Step 4. Prepare a concrete solution (proportions: one part of cement, three parts of fine gravel, three parts of well-washed river sand) and pour it over. It is better to do this in one go, otherwise the concrete will harden unevenly, and cracks will appear in the foundation in the future.
It will take at least 20 days for the mixture to completely solidify, after which you can start building the main structure.
Laying a block foundation
Of all types of foundations, the block foundation has one of the highest strength indicators and good waterproofing properties, therefore it is recommended to equip it in places with high humidity and in low-lying areas. For the foundation, you can use FBS blocks, which are reinforced concrete reinforced structures, or hollow foam concrete blocks.
Step 1. Using a rope and wooden stakes, make markings at the site of the future greenhouse.
Step 2. Dig a trench so that the rope runs in the middle. The width should be approximately 25 cm, and the depth is determined depending on the depth of soil freezing.
Step 3. Pour gravel at the bottom of the trench in a layer 10 cm thick and compact well.
Step 4. Prepare a concrete solution and pour it over the prepared trench bottom.
Step 5. While the solution has not frozen, press the blocks in the corners of the future structure and align them horizontally and vertically. The masonry surface should be approximately level with the ground.
Step 6. Lay blocks in the same way around the entire perimeter of the trench.
Step 7. It is good to fill all the voids between the blocks with a solution, and to compact the masonry on the sides, adding earth. Smooth the surface with a trowel so that it becomes as smooth as possible.
Important! To make the structure as reliable as possible, you can lay out several rows of bricks on top of the foundation, having previously laid the waterproofing material, and then let the entire masonry "grab" well.
Laying a columnar (pile) foundation
The columnar base is an inexpensive and simple solution for light greenhouses that are planned to be used during the warmer months.
For large-sized heavy structures, such a basis is not the best way due to an insufficient level of rigidity, therefore, it is recommended to additionally make a strong strapping. To build a columnar base structure, small concrete or wooden posts will be required - usually 6-8 supports are enough for a medium-sized greenhouse.
Step 1. Mark out the future foundation, install pillars at the corners of the greenhouse and along the perimeter with an interval of 70-90 cm. On peat soils, the supports must be driven into the soil until they reach denser layers and are securely fixed.
Step 2. With a garden drill, make a trench about a meter deep between the supports (it is desirable that its bottom is approximately at the level of the soil freezing depth).
Step 3. Lay roofing material on the bottom of the well, which will play the role of formwork and protect the foundation from moisture.
Step 4. To give the base stiffness, you need to make a frame - tie 2-3 reinforcing pins together, and then lay them too.
Step 5. Lay wooden formwork around each pile, otherwise, after pouring with concrete, they may change their position or skew (it is not required to remove it after the concrete has dried).
Step 6. Prepare a concrete mixture, pour it into the well.
In a similar way, you can equip a foundation from special screw piles; Compared to concrete supports, they have a number of advantages:
- installation does not require the use of special tools or equipment;
- the structure does not require concrete pouring, due to which the entire greenhouse is assembled in just a few hours;
- screw piles are completed with heads, on which the main structure is easily and quickly installed;
Increasingly, summer residents and gardeners are installing polycarbonate greenhouses on their plots. Some ordinary people mount the structure directly on the ground, but this is not correct. In order for the structure to serve for a long time, you need to build a foundation for the polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands.
What type of base is suitable for a polycarbonate construction, what material is better to use, and how to do all the work yourself? Do you need a polycarbonate greenhouse foundation? Let's take a closer look at these issues.
What is the foundation for
When the owner of the summer cottage decides to install a polycarbonate greenhouse without a foundation, using the usual pins that are included in the kit for the arrangement. The consequences of this decision are the free movement of the structure throughout the site, with every strong gust of wind.
Even if this does not happen, then over time, the soil under the greenhouse, which you will dig up every year, may settle and the greenhouse will warp.
In addition, shrinkage of the soil under the greenhouse can form gaps into which insects or mice can penetrate, which will damage the crop. Cold bridges can harm the growth of seedlings.
Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the foundation is responsible for the following points:
- Strong fixation of the structure frame;
- Protection of plants from cold air and rodents;
- Isolates the metal frame of the greenhouse from contact with the soil.
How to make a foundation for a greenhouse with your own hands? Before installation, an important decision must be made - how stationary the structure will be. If during operation it is planned to relocate the structure annually, then you can make a mobile base that can be simply disassembled and moved to another place. The foundation for the greenhouse, which is better, will be considered in more detail.
A capital structure requires a special approach - the installation of a solid foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse.
What foundation is suitable for a greenhouse
The place for the greenhouse has already been determined, it was decided that the structure will be capital and solid. It remains to choose the type of base.
You can build any foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands, for example:
- Block base;
- From bricks on cement mortar;
- Wooden beds;
- Monolithic base;
- Tape;
- Point;
- On screw piles.
Each of these options can be used when building polycarbonate greenhouses on a foundation. Let's take a closer look at each type of foundation.
Block base
The foundation for a block greenhouse is a solid structure with excellent waterproofing characteristics. This base is perfect for areas with high soil moisture. It is not difficult to make a foundation with your own hands, it is enough to know the construction technology, so:
- Prepare a place for the location of the greenhouse - remove debris, remove the top, sod layer;
- Install pegs in the corners of the future structure, between which a construction cord is pulled along the perimeter;
- To set the inner corners at 90 degrees, pull the lacing diagonally and measure the size;
- Then we repeat the action with the following angles - if the distance is the same in both cases, then the angles are set correctly;
- Next, we begin to dig a trench, strictly along the lacing, which should pass from the outer or inner dimensions of the greenhouse;
The weight of the polycarbonate greenhouse is not very large, so it is enough to equip the foundation for the greenhouse with a depth of 30 to 50 cm and a width of 25 cm.
- As soon as the trench is ready, you need to equip a gravel-sand cushion, which should be at least 10 cm. It must be tamped well, for better shrinkage it can be spilled with water;
- Prepare the concrete mix and pour it into the trench. For high-quality pouring, you need to bayonet the concrete well - this is how all air cushions in the concrete are removed;
- Immediately after pouring, they begin to install the blocks, pressing them deeply into the concrete. Installation starts from a corner around the perimeter. After installation, each block is checked by level;
- Once all the blocks are installed, you need to fill in the remaining concrete and level with a spatula;
- As soon as the base grabs, we begin to lay bricks for arranging the basement. It is better to use a frame material, as it tolerates weathering and moisture.
The bricks are stacked in 5 rows, so you get a fairly high base, which will allow you to install a polycarbonate greenhouse on wet soils, without harm to the structure. Do-it-yourself polycarbonate greenhouse foundation, ready.
Brick base on concrete
How to make a foundation for a greenhouse with your own hands from brick and concrete? This warp for a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands is not difficult to do. You don't need to dig a deep trench under it, just 10-15 cm deep is enough. The rest of the foundation will be built above the ground. The stages of the work are as follows:
- The marking of the site for the construction of the foundation is carried out as in the first case;
- Dig a trench 20 cm wide, and mount the formwork from boards or plywood in it. It is important to equip the formwork using a level;
- Pour the concrete solution evenly with the soil surface, check the horizon by level;
- Even before the mortar hardens, anchor bolts must be installed in the concrete. The fasteners are installed in accordance with the greenhouse drawings. Builders advise using a 12 mm anchor;
- We leave the foundation for seven days to dry;
If the weather is sultry, then it is worth eliminating the rapid loss of moisture by covering the surface of the foundation with sawdust, or covering it with roofing material. If this is not done, then the foundation may crack.
- The next step is to install brickwork over a concrete base. The masonry is carried out in such a way that the anchors fall exactly on the seams between the bricks;
- After 3-5 rows of brickwork have been laid (depending on the length of the fastener), leave the mortar to set.
The structure frame is fixed to the finished foundation with bolts using nuts.
Timber base or wooden planks
This base for a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands, it will not be difficult to complete, today it is the simplest process. Very often he can be found on summer cottages... Its big plus is mobility and quick erection. So if you approach the installation correctly, then the arrangement will take several hours.
When laying wooden beds, you can use round timber, carriage or timber, the main requirement is that the surface of the wooden foundation for polycarbonate greenhouses should be perfectly flat. If you neglect this rule, the frame of the greenhouse will not stand evenly, which will complicate the sheathing with polycarbonate, and the adhesion to the base will be loose.
For a timber base I use a material with a section of 100 x 100, but sometimes it is allowed to use a 50 x 150 foliage board. Before you start to mount a wooden base, you should measure everything correctly.
First of all, put together a frame that is 100% the same as the dimensions of the greenhouse frame.
Set the frame on a level, if there are large differences, then you will have to carry out earthwork - to undermine the level under the bed.
When the perimeter is horizontal, check the diagonals. To do this, we measure one and the second diagonal, the permissible deviation is no more than 1.5-2 cm.
This method does not involve burying the bed in the ground, but there is another option:
- Dig a trench for the beds;
- Tamp the bottom of the trench well;
- Pour the sand pillow;
- Lay the waterproofing material - it can be roofing material or a 200 micron film. In two additions;
- Lay down wooden foundation under a polycarbonate greenhouse, and trim the horizon;
- The corners are fixed with brackets or building corners;
- Wooden planks need to be covered with a layer of waterproofing - this can be a painting, or pasting material;
- Fill the gaps between the soil and the timber with earth and compact it tightly.
The depth of the trench for a 100 x 100 bar should be 15 cm, the width should be 10 cm more than the bar itself. Wood should be treated with antiseptic impregnations.
Monolithic foundation for a greenhouse
This is the most reliable foundation that is built on soils prone to heaving. Monolithic foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse with their own hands, they will protect plants from cold and rodents, but it is worth remembering that the cost of the construction work will be quite expensive.
Summer residents rarely use this type of foundation, as it is a very laborious and costly process. In addition, you need to strictly monitor the level of the slab - the horizon must be ideal.
The work execution algorithm is as follows:
- Dig a pit 10 cm larger than the size of the foundation for the greenhouse, 30-40 cm deep;
- Lay a special geotextile on the walls and bottom of the pit, which will not only prevent the soil from shattering, but will also serve as an excellent drainage;
- Equip the formwork and sand and gravel cushion, which should be well tamped;
- This type of foundation requires special reinforcement. To do this, you need to take a reinforcement with a cross section of 12 mm, and lay it on a sand cushion by tying it with a knitting wire;
- Pour concrete mixture, which you can mix yourself, or buy ready-made;
- As soon as the mixture is standing, about an hour, you need to install the anchor fasteners based on the greenhouse drawing.
As soon as the slab foundation for a polycarbonate greenhouse is completely dry, you need to waterproof it.
Polycarbonate greenhouse tape base
The foundation for the greenhouse is tape - the most common type of foundation, which is often used by summer residents and gardeners, if a capital greenhouse is being set up. This is due to the fact that it is not difficult to build it, while the cost of this base is much cheaper than tiled.
Installation work begins with preparing the site for installation - to clear the site, remove the sod layer. Further work is carried out in stages:
- Make the markup as described in other methods;
- Dig a trench 40-50 cm deep and 25 cm wide;
- Pour a sand cushion (10 cm.), And lay a waterproofing material on it;
- Equip the formwork from a board or plywood - it should rise 10-15 cm above the soil level;
- The formwork should be well secured by placing external supports and lintels between the sides;
- Install reinforcement to strengthen the structure. In this case, you can use reinforced rods with a cross section of 8-12 mm, since the greenhouse structure does not have a large specific weight;
- Pour concrete. If there is no special vibrator to remove air bubbles from the solution, then you can tap the entire base with a hammer on the formwork. This must be done very carefully without effort, otherwise there is a possibility of breaking the wood structure;
- On the third day, the formwork can be removed, and the foundation can be left to dry, having previously covered it with a film or roofing material.
As soon as the base is completely dry, after about 10-14 days, depending on the weather conditions, it is necessary to equip the waterproofing and backfill. Do-it-yourself strip foundation of the greenhouse is not difficult to do if you follow the instructions described above.
Point base
This foundation for a greenhouse with your own hands is not difficult to do. It is enough to follow the step-by-step instructions:
- Prepare the site and carry out the markup, as in the previous options;
- Then dig holes in the corners of the future base with a depth of 30-40 cm. For this it is better to use a hand drill;
- On the sides, holes are dug in accordance with the drawing of the greenhouse, in the places of attachments;
- Tamp the bottom of each hole and equip waterproofing;
- Mount the formwork, the above-ground part of the future foundation, 15 cm high;
- Reinforce each hole with rods, and pour concrete;
- Install the fasteners.
Important! All the pillars should be at the same level, therefore, before arranging the base, you need to pull the string along which the formwork will be placed under each pillar.
Screw foundation
The easiest way of arrangement, since ready-made screw piles are screwed into the soil. The process is simplified by the fact that it is possible to drive special equipment to the site, with the help of which the work will be completed in a few hours. The size of the screw foundation for the greenhouse will not matter much, it is enough to deliver a few piles if the greenhouse is to be rebuilt.
But a screw foundation for a greenhouse, the depth of which is small, can be done independently.
- In this case, it is not necessary to thoroughly prepare the site for the structure, it is enough to remove debris and dry grass;
- The markup is carried out in the same way as with a point foundation;
- The piles purchased in advance are first driven into the ground for stability, then they begin to screw into the ground. It must be screwed in strictly vertically, so periodically you need to check the vertical level;
- Once all the piles are installed, you need to strap. For this, construction heels are prepared, to which fasteners are pre-welded under the frame of the greenhouse;
- The heels should be welded to screw pilesstrictly observing the horizon;
- The harness can be equipped from a bar, or a metal profile corner.
Advice! When performing strapping, you must first drill the holes for the fastening anchors.
It is not difficult to make a base for a polycarbonate greenhouse with your own hands if you know the basic nuances of installation. Often summer residents believe that since the structure is not heavy, then it is not necessary to equip the base for it.
But as we have already figured out, in order for the greenhouse to stand reliably and serve for a long time, it is necessary to build a foundation for it. All that remains is to do the job of installing the greenhouse on the foundation, but it's not difficult.
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