Transforming crisis: how the ratio of deposits and loans in banks is changing. Calculation of indicators of the condition and performance of credit institutions Reduce the ratio of loans to deposits ldr
What is "debt ratio - LTD"
The Loans to Deposits Ratio (LTD) is a widely used statistic for assessing a bank's liquidity by dividing a bank's total loans by its total deposits. This number is expressed as a percentage. If this value is too high, it means that the bank may not have enough liquidity to cover any unforeseen fund needs, and conversely, if this ratio is too low, the bank may not earn as much as it could.
ENTERTAINMENT "Loan Deposit Ratio - LTD"
To calculate the LTD ratio, take total amount loans provided by the bank during a certain period of time, and divide them by the amount received by the bank for the same period. For example, if a bank lends out $ 3 million and it accepts $ 5 million in deposits over the same period, it has an LTD ratio of 3/5 or 60%.
What causes changes in LTD rates?
Multiple factors can cause changes in LTD rates. For example, when the Federal Reserve lowers interest rates, low rates encourage consumers to take out loans. Simultaneously, however, these rates discourage investors from investing or buying securities, thereby increasing the amount of cash they tend to put into bank accounts. Such shifts can reduce the overall LTD ratio. For example, in 2008, the overall LTD ratio for US commercial banks was 100%, but after several years of low interest rates after the global financial crisis, the ratio fell to 77% in 2015.
What is the ideal LTD ratio?
Tradition and caution indicate that the ideal LTD ratio is 80 to 90%. However, banks must also take into account the relevant regulations. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the Federal Reserve Board of Governors, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) do not set minimum or maximum LTD rates for banks. However, banks are monitored by these agencies to see if their ratios are consistent with section 109 of the Interstate Law. banking and the efficiency of Riegle-Neal wind energy from 1994.
How are LTD odds used?
With respect to section 109, banks are not permitted to establish branches in states other than their home states for the sole purpose of collecting deposits. To contribute to this activity, if a bank establishes a branch in another state, the OCC, the Fed and the FDIC consider the relationship of the LTD to the bank and compare it with the overall ratio of other banks in the host country. If these ratios differ greatly from each other and the bank does not serve the credit needs of their communities, it is illegal and subject to sanctions. In addition, the LTD relationship is often used by policymakers to assess lending practices of financial institutions.
Depends on two components: income and expenses.
Growth rates of income and expenses
Comparing the growth rates of these components makes it possible to assess which of them had a positive or negative impact on profit.
- Turbojet engine- income growth rate;
- D 1- the bank's income in the reporting period;
- D 0- the bank's income in the previous period;
- TPP- the rate of growth of expenses;
- R 1- expenses of the bank in the reporting period;
- P 0- the bank's expenses in the previous period.
Income growth elasticity coefficient
The coefficient of elasticity of income growth is calculated, defined as the ratio of the growth rate of income to the growth rate of bank expenses. If this coefficient is more than one, then this indicates an economical use of funds, and, conversely, if it is less than one, then this is an uneconomical use of funds.
The value of the elasticity coefficient for interest income usually exceeds one, for non-interest income, as a rule, it is less than one.
The level of coverage of non-interest expenses with non-interest income
The level of coverage of non-interest expenses by non-interest income is of great importance in banking practice:
- D n- non-interest income;
- R n- non-interest expenses.
Meaning this indicator in foreign banking practice it is set at 50, i.e. the level of non-interest income must be at least 50% of non-interest expenses.
Profit structure coefficients
It is necessary to identify the degree of influence of various active operations of the bank on the formation of its profits. For this, the coefficients of the profit structure are used:
- K1, K2, K3- coefficients of the profit structure;
- D chko- net income from credit operations;
- D chtsb- net income from operations with securities;
- D chpo- net income from other operations;
- P- profit.
By calculating these coefficients, those operations of a commercial bank that bring it the largest share of profit are identified.
Indicators of profitability and profitability
The main indicators of the bank's performance are traditionally considered indicators of profitability, profitability (profitability).
Profitability of various banking operations determined through indicators:
- net interest margin;
- operating margin.
Net interest margin
Net interest margin calculated by the formula
- CHM- net interest margin;
- D p- interest income for the period;
- R p- interest expenses for the period;
- A d- income-generating assets.
Operating margin
Operating margin- the profitability of the main operations of the bank. It is calculated by the formula
- D chosn- net income from basic banking operations;
- A d- income-generating assets.
Net income from main banking operations is calculated by summing:
- net interest income;
- net income from foreign exchange transactions;
- net income from operations with securities;
- net income from leasing operations;
- net income from operations with precious metals.
Profitability of other operations calculated by the formula
- D chpo- net income from other operations;
- A d- income-generating assets.
Net income from other operations is the sale (disposal) of property, write-off of receivables, accounts payable, renting out property, other operations.
The profitability of commission operations is calculated using the formula
- D to- profitability of commission transactions;
- D chk- net fee and commission income;
- A d- income-generating assets.
Profit spread
The traditional indicator of a bank's profitability is profit spread:
- D p- interest income;
- R p- interest expenses;
- A d- profitable assets;
- P in- bank liabilities on which interest is paid.
Using the spread, it is assessed how successfully the bank performs the function of an intermediary between depositors and borrowers and
how intense the competition is in the banking market. Increased competition usually results in a narrowing gap between average asset returns and average liability costs. In this case, provided that all other factors remain unchanged, the bank's spread is reduced, which forces the bank to look for other ways to make a profit.
This indicator is also valuable in that it isolates the effect of interest rates on financial results activities of the bank, thereby allowing a better understanding of the degree of vulnerability of the bank's profitable operations. Comparison of this indicator with a similar indicator for a group of related banks, as well as with an average calculated for Russia or a region, will allow us to assess the effectiveness interest rate policy jar.
Comparison of profitability indicators makes it possible to identify the most effective bank operations, taking into account the ROA indicator, to determine also operations that affect the change in the financial result. It should be borne in mind that:
- the operating margin indicator indicates the place in the active operations of the bank of traditional banking operations (loan operations, operations with securities and operations with foreign currency);
- A significant excess of the profitability of assets over the indicator of the net interest margin characterizes the bank's ability to receive interest income and indicates a high share of assets in the bank's assets that are not related to interest income, or the presence of a significant share of fee and commission income in the bank's income.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider the rate of return on commission transactions. The low value of this indicator indicates insufficient attention of the bank to the development of new banking services, which is one of the reserves for increasing the profitability of the bank.
Comparison of profitability indicators in dynamics for a number of reporting dates and their comparison with the average values for the corresponding group of banks allows us to determine the growth (decrease) trends in profit, determine the factors that had the greatest influence on its change, draw a conclusion about the financial stability of the bank and determine the reserves for increasing the efficiency of work jar.
Bank profitability
The profitability (profitability) of a commercial bank is usually defined as the ratio of balance sheet profit to total income:
- P total- the profitability of the bank;
- P- profit;
- D - bank income.
The overall level of profitability allows you to assess the overall profitability of the bank, as well as the profit per 1 ruble. income (share of profit in income). This is the main indicator that determines the effectiveness of banking.
Profit per bank employee is a mechanism for the aggregate profitability assessment of all bank personnel:
- P h- the net profit of the bank;
- OChP - total headcount.
The profitability of a commercial bank is assessed using financial ratios. The system of profitability ratios includes the following main indicators:
- profit ratio and equity capital;
- the ratio of profit and assets;
- the ratio of profit and income.
The methodology for calculating these indicators depends on the accounting and reporting system adopted in the country.
The numerator of these financial ratios always contains the calculated financial result of the bank's activities on reporting date... Under the current accounting and reporting system in Russia, the numerator contains the balance sheet profit, under foreign accounting standards, the net profit.
Return on equity
World practice shows that the defining indicator of the efficiency of bank capital is maximization of the cost of equity capital while maintaining an acceptable level of risk. Along with the market price of the bank's shares, an important indicator of evaluating the bank's activities is the ratio of net profit to share capital (ROE in foreign practice). This indicator characterizes how effectively the owners' funds were used during the year, i.e. it is a measure of profitability for the bank's shareholders. It sets the approximate amount of the net profit received by shareholders from investing their capital.
In domestic practice, the profitability of capital is calculated by the formula:
- PC- profitability of capital;
- P B- balance sheet profit for the period;
- SC- the amount of equity in the period.
The return on equity indicator characterizes the ability own funds make a profit and allows you to assess the possibility of ensuring real growth of equity capital in amounts adequate to the growth of business activity.
The obtained value of the return on capital is recommended to be compared with the indicators of capital adequacy (an increase in the first indicator with a decrease in the value of the second indicates an expansion of the range of risky operations).
Return on assets
Return on assets (ROA) is one of the main factors that allow you to give quantification the profitability of the bank.
- ROA is the profitability of assets;
- P B - balance sheet profit;
- A - the total of the balance sheet asset for the period.
Profitability of assets characterizes the ability of a bank's assets to generate profit and indirectly reflects their quality, as well as the effectiveness of the bank's management of its assets and liabilities.
A low ratio may be the result of conservative credit policy or excessive operating costs; a high value of the indicator indicates the successful disposal of assets.
This indicator can be modified:
A d- income-generating assets.
The difference between these two indicators speaks of the bank's ability to increase its profitability by reducing the number of non-income generating assets.
In foreign practice, the numerator of these indicators is the net profit.
It should be noted that in conditions of growth in the profitability of assets and capital should be higher than the average inflation rate.
When managing profitability, the values of the profitability of assets and capital must be compared with the average value for the corresponding group of banks.
The indicators of profitability of assets and profitability of capital are fundamental in the system of financial coefficients of profitability of the bank. However, high profits are usually associated with high risks, so it is necessary to simultaneously take into account the degree of bank protection against risk.
During the crisis, the volume of deposits grows faster than the volume of loans. In good times, the opposite is true.
An analysis of the development of the retail banking market since the beginning of this century, prepared by Renaissance Credit Bank, showed that in the period from 2000 to 2015 the ratio of the volume of deposits to the volume of loans changed from 7.3 to 2.2. Banki.ru found out what threatens banking system this trend of rapid convergence of loans and deposits and what indicator can be considered ideal.
According to the analytical calculations of the Renaissance Credit bank, which the Banki.ru portal managed to get acquainted with, at the end of 2015 the portfolio of retail deposits in Russian banks reached 23.2 trillion rubles, and the volume of the portfolio of loans to individuals exceeded 10.7 trillion rubles. In 2000, the volume of the deposit market was ten times more than the credit market - 453 billion against 45 billion rubles, respectively. Over 15 years, the ratio of the volume of deposits to the volume of loans in the banking system "fell" from 7.3 to 2.2.
“In 2008, the volume of deposits in our country exceeded the volume of retail loans by only 1.5 times. In general, for the period from 2000 to 2015, this year was the only one when the retail credit market was able to surpass the deposit market in absolute growth, even despite the beginning of the global financial crisis, - the analysts of Renaissance Credit write in their report. - In 2009, the trend turned into reverse side: due to the crisis in the global economy, the deposit market grew faster than the credit market, which, in turn, affected the ratio of deposits and loans. As the situation stabilized, the difference began to decrease again, and at the end of 2014 it almost reached the value of six years ago. At the end of 2015, the ratio of deposits to loans increased again. Such dynamics clearly shows that during periods of crisis the deposit market grows much faster than the credit market, and with the stabilization of the macroeconomic situation, higher growth rates are observed in the loan portfolio ”.
As explained to Banki.ru in the analytical service of "Rencred", the decline in the ratio of retail deposits to retail loans is a natural process. Retail funding in our country began to develop earlier than lending to individuals. Therefore, at the beginning of the 2000s, the portfolio of deposits already had a significant volume. Further, in the zero years, the development of retail lending proceeded at an active catching up pace. As a result, over 15 years, the ratio of deposits to loans decreased to 2.2.
According to Renaissance Credit analysts, it is rather difficult to talk about a critical or optimal ratio of deposits and loans.
“Retail deposits are one of the main sources of funding for the banking system. However, depending on the availability and development of other sources, the role of deposits individuals may change. V current situation the importance of deposits in funding is increasing, in particular, due to the fact that the ability of banks to borrow from external capital markets is severely limited. And last year's results confirm this. Under different circumstances, retail deposits could play a lesser role, and accordingly, the ratio of deposits to loans would be different, ”the bank said.
At the same time, according to the estimates of the analytical department of the bank "Renaissance Credit", in the foreseeable future, most likely, the ratio of deposits to loans will continue to grow. There are several prerequisites for this. First, the role of retail funding in the structure of liabilities is increasing, while retail lending has slowed down and shows no signs of growth. Secondly, the deposit market has a “natural” source of growth - interest income. That is, even with a zero net inflow, the portfolio of deposits will increase due to the addition of accrued interest to the amount of deposits.
According to Dmitry Lepetikov, head of the marketing strategy and research department at VTB 24, the aforementioned change in the ratio of deposits and loans reflects the situation on the market.
“At the beginning of the 2000s, retail lending in Russia was in its infancy, by 2014 it had already developed well, and the outstripping growth in deposits in 2015 was associated with a drop in lending due to the crisis, as well as with a significant currency revaluation of deposits,” he comments. - I would not talk about the optimal or critical ratio. It is what it is. During a crisis, this ratio should grow in favor of deposits, and during a period of economic growth - in favor of loans. This is what happens here. "
Elena Verevochkina, the manager of the St. Petersburg branch of Rosgosstrakh Bank, believes that something like the following is happening now: the continued growth of the deposit base of banks, along with its reduction in cost, contributes to a decrease in credit rates and the resumption of active lending. Most likely, she suggests, the ratio would have been somewhat different if not for the current crisis.
“We see that the deposit portfolio of individuals has increased significantly, and the loan portfolio has sagged. And this is quite logical in the current situation: the regime of savings and total savings, coupled with a decrease in consumer demand and an increase in overdue debts of citizens, contributed to the multidirectional dynamics of the loan and deposit portfolios, says Verevochkina. - A decrease in the indicator from 7.3 to 2.2 is not dangerous. It is much more dangerous when the situation is mirror-like, that is, the loan portfolio exceeds the deposit portfolio by more than 30%, and even more so twice. It is also impossible to say that this has a beneficial effect on the economy. Of course, it is not entirely indicative to correlate portfolios of individuals only, here it is necessary to take into account portfolios. legal entities».
Our interlocutor believes that ideally it is necessary to strive for a ratio of loans and deposits in a one-to-one ratio. This proportion is optimal, as it indicates that the banking system finances issued loans at the expense of attracted funds.
Nevertheless, according to Verevochkina's estimates, the ratio will change: at the end of 2016 this value will be in the region of 2, and in 2017 - 1.8. Thus, we will observe stagnation of the deposit portfolio and smooth growth of the retail loan portfolio.
In turn, Alexander Kudryavtsev, an analyst with the information and analytical service of Banki.ru, points out that the official statistics on the Bank of Russia website differ somewhat from the data presented in the Rencred tables (see below), but the general trend is indeed evident. The trend indicates a significant increase in the share of household deposits in the structure of the resource base of banks with a decline in retail lending, which is explained by the crisis in the banking sector and in the economy of the Russian Federation as a whole. The situation was also largely influenced by the closure of international capital markets for our banks and the growth of the key rate.
“Due to the decline in real incomes of the population, the payment discipline of clients is falling, which entails the irrecoverability of loans. This, of course, does not suit banks, many of which have tightened their policies in the field of retail lending and are now more careful in choosing clients than in the "fat" years, when retail portfolios grew at very high rates, or generally prefer to invest in less risky assets. We can say that this process is the payment of banks for the too rapid and disproportionate growth of portfolios of previous years, explains Kudryavtsev. - At the moment, the market itself is forcing banks to adjust the structure of their assets and liabilities to new conditions and place funds taking into account possible risks and losses in the future. It is likely that soon retail lending will again experience a period of growth and, accordingly, the ratio will return to the previous level (fifteen years ago). "
Chief Economist of the National rating agency(NRA) Maxim Vasin recalled that several parameters influenced the dynamics of deposits. Firstly, this is the introduction of a deposit insurance system since 2005 - until that time, the population did not trust banks very much, they simply did not have such an opportunity. Secondly, there was a devaluation of the ruble and an increase in interest rates on ruble deposits, as well as the amount and share of foreign currency deposits(in 2008 and 2014). At the moment, the dynamics of deposits is negatively influenced by the depreciation of the ruble, the fall in real incomes of the population and the decrease in interest rates on both ruble and foreign currency deposits.
A number of parameters also affect the dynamics of retail loans. This is the beginning of the work of banks engaged in unsecured lending (the countdown goes from the bank "Russian Standard" and 2003). Then there was a period of consumer boom in 2004-2007, when loans grew from a low base many times faster than deposits. Do not forget about the crisis growth of delinquencies on consumer loans first in 2009, and then in 2015. This led to a decrease in banks' limits, an increase in requirements for borrowers, an increase in the number of refusals, and a slowdown in the growth rate of loan portfolios. At the moment, there is a slowdown in the pace mortgage lending Also, consumer and car loans show low growth rates, while deposits continue to grow.
“On the one hand, the Renaissance Credit multiplier testifies to the correlation between the population's propensity to consume and save: the savings model prevails, Russians in general already have experience in lending in banks and treat loans with caution. low income try to make savings and open deposits, says Vasin. “On the other hand, the multiplier shows the priorities of banks in placing funds: when in 2009 and 2014-2015 banks faced a sharp increase in overdue consumer loans, the desire to increase retail portfolios significantly decreased, leading banks in the unsecured lending market took a wait and see attitude.”
Maxim Vasin is sure that, in general, the calculated indicator should also be considered in the context of the ratio of loans to GDP and loans to the monthly income of borrowers. According to these indicators, the growth of 2010-2013 led to the fact that the credit load increased very significantly, and this led to an increase in delinquencies, especially severe against the background of a decrease in real incomes of the population and a decrease in employment.
In addition, according to the chief analyst of the NRA, it can be noted that the ratio of loans to borrowers' income differs from region to region. At the same time, in most regions, the loan burden is now quite high and amounts to 35-40% (loan payments to monthly income).
“Ideally, the ratio of deposits and loans should tend to 1. If the economy returns to the growth trajectory, this ratio will decline. Its growth demonstrates instability and negative trends in the level economic growth, inflation, incomes and employment, - says Vasin. - It is impossible to interpret unambiguously which level of the ratio of deposits and loans is critical and which is optimal. But, judging by the dynamics of the indicator, it decreases in favorable periods and grows in unfavorable ones - therefore, a decrease is a blessing. An indicator below 1 will already be assessed negatively, as it will demonstrate too aggressive policy of banks to build up portfolios, which, as a rule, turns into “bubbles” and large losses in the future. A score above 3 would mean a very negative picture for the consumer markets, construction, the automotive market, the tourism industry, and so on - for those sectors where sales are stimulated, among other things, through credit sources. "
Our interlocutor adds that one must understand: deposits are a source of funding for loans, but they cannot be a source of repayment - because depositors get richer, borrowers do not get richer, depositors usually do not take loans, and borrowers do not make deposits.
“The source of repayment of loans is the income of borrowers. Therefore, theoretically, the ratio of deposits and loans does not characterize debt burden, and it in itself does not give an understanding of the severity of the debt burden of the population and the magnitude credit risks banks. I think that in the coming years the ratio will not fall below 2, but rather even grow closer to 3, since in the current conditions banks are not ready to accept increased risks associated with retail, household incomes are falling, and at a rather high rate, and all losses from the previous deterioration in the quality of retail portfolios has not yet been closed and absorbed - a number of banks still have delinquencies exceeding 25-30%, and are fighting to reduce the indicator and return to profitable activity. In general, a boom in retail lending is not expected in the coming years. At the same time, the annual increase in the volume of deposits will consist of changes in the value of the currency and interest income on deposits, which will continue to be mainly capitalized and not eaten away. I expect the growth of deposits in ruble terms at the level of about 20%, while lending will stagnate, ”concludes Maxim Vasin.
Sberbank draws the attention of users to the fact that the indicators in this press release are calculated
- In July, the bank earned a net profit of RUB 45.6 billion.
- The loan portfolio of legal entities increased by 249 billion rubles over the month, the loan portfolio of individuals - by 15 billion rubles.
- Loans to deposits ratio (LDR) for the month increased by 1.3 percentage points to 88.9%.
Deputy Chairman of the Management Board of Sberbank A.V. Morozov:
“In July, net profit exceeded RUB 45 billion. This result is based on the growth of client business, which confirms the growth of the bank's share in the main markets: lending to individuals (+1.1 percentage points in the first half of this year), lending to legal entities (+0.3 pp), raising funds individuals (+0.3 pp) ".
Comments for 7 months 2016:
Net interest income the bank amounted to 640.4 billion rubles. - 57.3% more than in the same period last year: interest income increased by 7.4% due to the growth in the volume of working assets; interest expenses decreased by 21.5% due to the substitution of state financing by clients' funds and a decrease in the level of interest rates relative to 7 months of last year.
Net fee and commission income increased by 23.5% to 171.4 billion rubles. The main growth continues to be provided by operations with bank cards, acquiring, settlement and cash services and bank insurance.
Net income from currency revaluation and trading operations on financial markets in July amounted to 11.3 billion rubles. due to currency revaluation of balance sheet items due to the weakening of the ruble.
Operating expenses increased by 10.1%, which is significantly lower than the growth rate operating income to reserves (37.3%). Cost growth is influenced by ongoing indexation wages employees and depreciation. The cost-to-income ratio decreased over the year from 40.7% to 32.7%.
Expenditure on total reserves amounted to 193.9 billion rubles. against 220.7 billion rubles. a year earlier. The Bank creates reserves for possible losses in order to cover existing credit risks, based on the requirements of the Bank of Russia. The ratio of reserves to overdue debt remains at the level of 2.1 times.
Profit before income tax amounted to 349.7 billion rubles. against 127.8 billion rubles. a year earlier. Net profit amounted to 275.0 billion rubles, which is 3 times higher than the result of 7 months of last year.
Aggregate financial result, including income from revaluation of securities for sale and held-to-maturity, amounted to 329.3 billion rubles.
Assets in July increased by 0.4%, largely driven by the revaluation of the foreign exchange component as a result of the weakening of the ruble.
In July, the bank provided to corporative clients credits in the amount of about 700 billion rubles, since the beginning of the year - over 4.7 trillion rubles, 61% more than last year. By the end of the month, the loan portfolio grew by 249 billion rubles. or by 2.1% and as of August 1 it exceeded 12.0 trillion rubles. The growth was due to both the issuance of new loans and the revaluation of previously issued foreign currency loans.
For private clients in July, more than 120 billion rubles were issued, in total since the beginning of the year - more than 830 billion rubles, which is 31% more than in 7 months of last year. The retail loan portfolio in July increased by 15.2 billion rubles. and as of August 1, it exceeds 4.2 trillion rubles. In the structure of the portfolio, the share of housing loans continues to increase and currently stands at about 56%.
The share of overdue loans in the loan portfolio remained at the level of 3.2%, which is significantly lower than the average level in the banking system, which was 6.9% as of July 1.
Volume investments in securities in July increased by 94 billion rubles. mainly through the acquisition of OFZs, as well as the currency and exchange rate revaluation of the portfolio. The balance of the portfolio as of August 1 was 2.45 trillion rubles.
Funds of individuals increased in July by 157 billion rubles. and exceeded 11.0 trillion rubles. Funds of legal entities decreased by 114 billion rubles. mainly at the expense of funds in foreign currency and amounted to 6.1 trillion rubles. Overall remainder customer funds for the month increased slightly (by 0.3%) and as of August 1 amounted to 17.1 trillion rubles.
At the end of July, the share government funding in the bank's liabilities excluding subordinated debt did not change and remained at an insignificant level of 0.4%.
The values of the base and main capital banks coincide due to the lack of sources of additional capital and, according to operational data, as of August 1, they amounted to 1,894 billion rubles.
The total capital as of August 1 is 2,812 billion rubles. The total capital in July grew by 36 billion rubles. The main factor of capital growth is the earned net profit.
Risk-weighted assets rose by RUB 262 billion in July. mainly due to the growth of the loan portfolio.
- Н1.1 - 8.0% (minimum value, established by the Bank Russia, 4.5%)
- Н1.2 - 8.0% (the minimum value established by the Bank of Russia, 6.0%)
- Н1.0 - 11.8% (the minimum value established by the Bank of Russia, 8.0%)
The ratio of the total volume of issued loans to the volume of accepted deposits (loan-deposit ratio, LDR) in the banking sector of Kazakhstan remains at its minimum values. Another imaginary was reached in May, when the sector's LDR was 0.95, which means that for every 100 tenge placed on the deposit, banks issue loans in the amount of 95 tenge. The banks use the remaining 5 tenge either as a reserve source of liquidity or transfer them into less risky than loans, assets - metals, government securities, deposits in the National Bank.
At the same time, even taking into account the growth in the volume of funds attracted from the population and enterprises, banks are trying to restrain the growth of lending to customers: for example, the total volume of deposits increased by almost one and a half times compared to May 2015 (+ 48.5%), while the volume of lending grew by only 8.4%.
The largest commercial banks countries have identified the prevailing trend. Of the TOP-5 banks (the aggregate LDR of which was 1.02 in May 2016), Kazkommertsbank showed the highest LDR value, and Halyk Bank Bank CenterCredit and Sberbank issue less loans than they attract depositors' funds. Tsesnabank is balancing on the verge of equilibrium of attracted and placed funds (LDR = 1.01).
It should be noted that even the most risk-averse players have lowered the ratio of loans to deposits. If a year ago the maximum LDR value exceeded 10, now it does not even reach 5.
- Peculiarities of interaction of insured organizations with the FSS, if they are located in the region where the pilot project is operating Interaction with the social insurance fund
- Keeping a journal of registration of cash documents
- A sample of filling out an order for an inventory
- What to correct in the accounting if the company issued an invoice with a long delay If the invoice was not issued