What is the name of the monetary unit of India. Indian currency
Indian rupee- the currency of the Republic of India. Bank code INR. One rupee equals 100 paise. Valid banknote denominations: 2,000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5 rupees. Coins: 10, 5, 2 and 1 rupee. Until now, coins in denominations of 50, 25, 20 and 10 pice are also considered legal tender, but they are practically not used.
The latest series of Indian banknotes is entirely dedicated to Mahatma Gandhi - the leader of the movement for the country's independence from Great Britain, a supporter of the method of non-violent resistance in the struggle for transformation in society. His portrait adorns the obverse of all banknotes from 5 to 2,000 rupees. For example, on the back of 500 rupees - an illustration of one of the episodes of Mahatma Gandhi's peaceful struggle against colonial taxes, the so-called Salt Campaign - a march in protest against the salt tax, which united tens of thousands of Indians during 1930. The 1,000 rupee notes went out of circulation at the beginning of 2017.
The obverse of Indian coins depicts the national emblem of the Republic of India - the column capital of King Ashoka, who ruled the country in the 3rd century BC. e., with three lions looking in different directions. On the obverse there is the denomination, the name of the country and the year of minting.
India is a country where money turnover appeared one of the first in the world. Coins found by archaeologists indicate that this happened already in the 6th century BC. e., about the same time as the first Chinese weni and Lydian staters appeared. The first coins were minted from silver and copper, and the word "rupee" in Old Sanskrit means "form, stamping", as well as "silver".
Own coins were minted both under the Magyar state and under the Gupta dynasty. In the X-XII centuries, the country survived the Islamic invasion and became part of the Delhi Sultanate, and later entered the Mughal Empire.
For the first time currency unit received the name of the rupee in the 16th century under the Indian padishahs Sher Shah and Akbar I. During this period, coins of the 970th standard of silver were minted with a total weight of 11.534 g each.
Since the 17th century, European metropolises such as Portugal, the Netherlands, France and Great Britain began to colonize the Indian subcontinent. In the 50s of this century, India finally passed into the hands of the British, and in 1671 the East India Company began to mint rupees, and different for individual territories.
The unified monetary unit - the so-called government rupee with a portrait of King William IV - was released in 1731. The coin contained 10.692 grams of pure silver.
From the second half of the 18th century, the issue of paper rupees began, which at different times were issued by the Bank of Hindustan, the General Bank of Bengal and Bihar, and the Bengal Bank. In 1861 finally on legislative level the exclusive right to issue money into circulation was vested in the UK government.
IN late XIX century, the rupee experienced a serious shock. It turned out to be one of the few monetary units in the world that is denominated in silver rather than gold. The fall in silver prices relative to gold led to the weakening of the currency by almost half.
In 1935, the country underwent a reform, and the authority to issue money was transferred to the Reserve Bank of India, which performs the functions central bank countries until today.
In 1947, India gained complete independence from Great Britain and issued its own currency in 1948. In 1957, the rupee, in contrast to the pound sterling of that time, became a decimal currency unit and was equated to 100 paise.
The first serious test for the rupee of an independent state was the 1966 crisis. Its reasons were the high level of international borrowing for financing budget deficit, insufficient liberalization of the economy, as well as the war with Pakistan over the disputed state of Kashmir that broke out a year earlier. As a result, the currency quotes fell to a record 3 British pence per rupee.
The second test was the debt crisis of the early 1990s. High inflation and budget deficits have devalued the rupee by half its value. In 1985, the exchange rate was 17.50 rupees per US dollar, in 1990 - 17.50, in 1995 - 32.42, and in 2000 - more than 45. During this period, India's international debts to the USSR became tradable financial instrument and many presenters Russian banks took part in transactions for the assignment of rights of claim on them.
In the 2000s, the rupee exchange rate stabilized, and today India ranks 4th in the world in terms of GDP after the European Union as a whole, the United States and China. Its economic growth is 7.5% per year, which corresponds to the 15th place. Thus, the Republic of India is one of the most successful developing countries our time.
As of June 2012, the rate is 55.18 Indian rupees per US dollar, 69.08 per euro. For one ruble you can buy 1.69 rupees.
On the Forex market trade in Indian rupees does not yet occupy the leading positions - only about 0.5% of the total volume of transactions, or 15th place among other instruments, but it is obvious that this currency has serious prospects.
With regard to cash rupees, it should be borne in mind that currency transactions on the black market are prohibited by law. Currency exchange certificates should be kept. When entering India, amounts over 5 thousand US dollars are subject to declaration. The export of Indian rupees from the country is not allowed.
Most main question That Visits Travelers When Planning A Trip To Goa: Currency. Indeed, in order to calculate the travel budget and not be trapped on arrival in India, it is better to study the nuances of the money market in advance. A fresh currency exchange rate in Goa is available on almost all thematic sites, including on the official pages of central banks. It is updated daily and it is easy enough to calculate how much to take with you. It is more difficult to decide which money is more convenient to use: cash or on plastic cards?
What is the currency in Goa
The official currency of India, the only one allowed in circulation, is the Indian rupee. IN international classification they are designated INR.
All paper money in Goa has an image of Mahatma Gandhi on one side. Denomination: 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 2000 rupees.
In November 2016, a reform was carried out: banknotes of 500 and 1000 rupees of the old model were withdrawn from circulation. The situation with money market at that time it was quite hectic, and even critical for tourists: huge queues, an overnight collapse in cash. The news broadcasting the speech of the Prime Minister of India practically stopped the work of the banking system.
At the moment, the problem is still not resolved. Experienced tourists recommend not to change all the currency for rupees at once and try not to take big money in exchange offices. Because the only way to pay is often cash dollars. Despite the fact that their circulation in India is outside the official monetary circulation.
What currency to take in Goa
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The currency that will provide you with relative peace of mind in Goa is dollars. Just in case, stock up on banknotes of different denominations. They are accepted not only by exchangers and banks. Taxi drivers, guides, shek owners will willingly take dollars in payment. Of course, this is officially prohibited, but money turnover in India has a lot in common with the domestic one.
Euros are held in lower esteem here, that is, it will not be possible to pay freely, unlike dollars. But changing them is easy.
Arriving from the countries of Southeast Asia, you will not be left without money. In addition to dollars and euros, you can exchange currencies of neighboring countries in exchange offices.
If you prefer to pay by plastic card Please note that in Goa, trade and services are almost entirely cash-driven. The towns here are small. There are ATMs in Goa in all resorts, but they do not always work smoothly: money runs out at the most unpredictable moment.
It cannot be projected into the future, but in November 2016, a strict restriction on cash withdrawals was imposed - up to 2.0-2.5 thousand rupees at a time. At the moment, it is allowed to withdraw no more than 10.0 thousand rupees. It is not a fact that this situation will not happen again in November 2018.
Currency exchange
The exchange of rupees for Goa will not be difficult at all. The state is completely tourist-oriented. The only difficulty is the course. It is different everywhere. Even taxi drivers will take currency in their own way, only at an affordable rate. Everywhere, with the exception of banks and official exchangers, be sure to bargain.
The exchange rate of the rupee in relation to hard currencies is a loose concept for Indians. It even depends on the denomination of the money exchanged.
Where is the best place to change money in Goa
Arriving in Goa, the first urge of a tourist will be to change currencies at the airport. It is logical, especially since you need to somehow get to your destination, and therefore, acquire rupees. It is important not to make mistakes and not immediately exchange all the cash for local currency: the dollar exchange rate at the airport is extortionate.
Change exactly as much as you need for a trip to your chosen hotel or village on the coast. The amount required for a taxi can be checked at the prepayment counter. Taxi drivers will willingly take in dollars, but be sure to bargain. This money will be enough for a couple of days of comfortable life in Goa, so it is better to choose the route by public transport. For buses with multiple transfers, you will need no more than 100 rupees.
A good dollar exchange rate will be given to you in travel agencies. There are offices in all coastal towns and cities. In Morjim, you can even exchange rubles for rupees. The course is floating. On average, it is 1: 1. Alternatively, there are agents in Goa who accept transfers to cards of Russian banks and issue cash rupees right away.
Exchangers sometimes do not agree to change banknotes with a denomination of less than $ 100 or make an additional markup. For Goa, this is in the order of things.
Goa ATMs
In India, next to an ATM, you can find a colorful guard in the form of an Indian soldier in full uniform with rare firearms.
ATMs in Goa are slightly different from ours. The card is readable without being absorbed inward. The menu is simple and straightforward, on English language... Accepts MasterCard and Visa.
The same travel agencies offer an alternative to ATMs. Most of them have a cash-advance service. However, this is not safe, it is better to play it safe and change money.
No commission ATMs in Goa
It is unlikely that it will be possible to withdraw cash in Goa through an ATM without a commission. Because the ATM network State bank India (SBI), as well as the Bank of India (BOI) and Canara Bank, where it is guaranteed that there will be no additional costs for withdrawals, do not cover the needs of tourists: they have a lot of branches, but not very many ATMs.
Experienced travelers recommend that you carefully study the rates of the issuing bank. Typically, they all take either a commission or a fixed percentage. Cashing out with MasterCard will be cheaper than with Visa cards... The size is in the range of 90-150 rubles.
Depending on which Indian bank owns the ATM, you may be charged an additional fee. The most common ATMs are ICICI, HDFC, and Axis and they make tourists poorer by about Rs 200 per transaction. Although they warn about this before your final consent to hold it.
Do not agree to a direct exchange in rubles from a card: the commercial rate will be a real shock. It is much safer to conduct a transaction through an intermediate exchange for dollars.
Collapse monetary reform, which began in November 2016, despite assurances from the beginning of the year to remove restrictions, continues to this day. Due to the huge amount of old-style rupees in the hands of the population, there is no guarantee that the printing press will cope with the load in the near future. Although by the new season, which begins in November 2018, the situation should exhaust itself.
Note that experienced travelers advise:
- The restriction on cash withdrawals from cards in some ATMs is about 10 thousand rupees. Bring several different cards with you if you don't want to bring dollars with you. Store them in different places to avoid losing your airbag.
- Examine the money carefully. You should not use the official dollar rate when exchanging for old-style banknotes. Haggle. Experienced travelers recommend taking at least 100 rupees for 1 dollar. This is due to the fact that when making payments in markets, in sheks or in cafes, old money is accepted at a large discount.
- Change large denomination dollars for small ones in advance. This is the best option for calculations until you get your bearings.
Everyone decides for himself to take currency or cards with him. For a short trip of a couple of weeks, you can take dollars with you. For a long stay, plastic is better: it is easier to carry it with you, and not to worry about your money.
Going to Goa, monitor the situation with the money market. This season there is no need to wait for news, but in the new one, which will begin in November 2018, new innovations are not excluded.
Indian rupee is the national currency of India, bank code INR. India is the first country in the world in which money circulation appeared. Rupee translated from ...
From Masterweb
27.05.2018 15:00India's currency, the Indian rupee, has been in circulation since the 15th century. The unit of account is also used in Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Seychelles and Mauritius. At the moment, the denominations of banknotes in circulation are 2000, 1000, 500, 100, 50, 20, 10 and 5 rupees. In circulation, coins are in denominations of 5, 2 and 1 rupees.
What is the currency in India
Indian rupee - national currency, bank code INR. India is the first country in the world in which money circulation appeared. Rupee in translation from ancient Sanskrit means "chased silver". This name stuck and the rupee is still the currency of India.
Currency photo
At the moment, the denominations of banknotes in circulation:
- 2000 and 1000 rupee bills.
- In denominations of 500 and 100 rupees.
- 50 rupees.
- A 20 rupee bill.
- A banknote of 10 rupees.
- 5 rupee bill.
In circulation, coins are in denominations of 5, 2 and 1 rupees.
History
It is believed that the first rupee was issued during the reign of Sher-Shah in 1542, but the most widespread, as a form of payment, was received during the reign of the Mongol emperor Akbar. He ruled the country from 1555 to 1605. From the start of production until the establishment of India as a colony of Great Britain, the technology for the production of rupees remained unchanged. Coins were produced only from pure silver. For the blanks, 970 sample metal was used. Each coin contained exactly 11.534 grams. No official government rate was set and the coins were freely used throughout the country and beyond. The book value was the purity of the metal from which the coins were made and its weight. The rulers were very jealous of the quality of minted coins, since they created the prestige of the state and showed the level of its prosperity.
We can say that the shape of the coins has always been round, only for a small historical interval it was rectangular. The denomination on the coins was not minted, but wishes of health to the current rulers and praise of the Gods were written. During the reign of the Mughals, each of the rulers called the coins by their own name.
Since the colonization of India, the unified rupee of the East India Company was introduced, a portrait of William IV was minted on it. The coin weighed 10.692 grams of pure silver. This event took place in 1835. From that time until the moment of leaving the colonial oppression, images of English monarchs were minted on coins. In 1861, at the legislative level, it was decided that only the British government has the exclusive right to issue money into circulation. Since 1862, the coin has received the official name of the government rupee. Until 1883, there was a silver standard in the production of coins. Despite the fact that by that time the gold standard was already in force all over the world. This led to a strong decline in the value of the Indian currency, she lost competitiveness. This situation was a deliberate political game for England, which did not want the strengthening of the Indian rupee in the world market. In this connection, in 1893 the minting of rupees from silver was discontinued and the era began paper money... The rupee exchange rate began to be equated to the British pound.
In 1935, a reform was carried out, the possibilities of issuing money were assigned to the Reserve Bank of India, which performs the functions of the central bank to the present day.
After gaining complete independence from Great Britain in 1947, India issued its own currency a year later. The rupee became equal to one hundred pais.
In 1947, the ratio of the Indian rupee to the dollar was 1 to 3.3. That is, for 3.3 rupees you could buy 1 dollar. During the wars with China in 1962 and Pakistan in 1965, a budget deficit was formed, the exchange rate of India fell to 7.57 rupees per dollar. In subsequent years, the value of money declined. In 1985, 1 dollar was already worth 12 rupees. In 1991 gold reserves countries fell to a minimum, and this was reflected in the value of the rupee, the exchange rate reached 17.90 rupees per dollar.
Development of the Indian currency
In 1993, the government canceled the fixed rate and switched to a floating exchange rate. The value of the rupee fell sharply to 31.37 per dollar. The global economic crisis had a strong impact on the national currency, and it continued to fall. As the world situation deteriorated due to wars and crises, the monetary unit was increasingly depreciating. Now the Indian currency is quite cheap, 1 dollar is equal to 63 rupees.
Since 2005, new coins of 1,2 and 5 rupees, as well as 50 pais have been minted from durable stainless steel, they have become much lighter. Pice coins are practically out of use.
Exchange rate regime
The multiple devaluation of the rupee during the existence of the state is serious economic problem countries. Floating mode is currently in use. exchange rate in India.
Over the long history of issuing paper banknotes in the country, more than 50 different types have been issued, and all of them are still in circulation. Banknotes are different in appearance and are the same at face value. The practice of stapling them with a stapler after counting led to a very strong wear and tear and dilapidation of banknotes. Bills began to be fastened with rubber bands and papers only at the beginning of the two thousandth years.
Modern banknotes
In modern India, currency is often issued in the form of commemorative coins for various events in the state, which is very popular among the population. A large number of coins were issued in honor of the birthdays of Jawaharlal Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi.
In 2009, the Government of India held a competition for best design the rupee symbol and, since 2010, the rupee has been printed with the symbol chosen by the national vote. This is the letter "RA" from the Devanagari alphabet, which is used in Sanskrit and Hindi.
Large sums of money in India they are called, according to the traditional Indian system of counting:
- 1 varnish is one hundred thousand rupees;
- 1 crore is ten million rupees;
- 1 arab is one billion rupees.
Until now, all previously issued banknotes are still used in the currency of India. Although new banknotes are printed regularly, old banknotes have not been withdrawn from circulation until recently.
Modern changes in the national currency
For the first time in the history of the country, at the end of 2016, there was a large exchange of banknotes, old banknotes of 500 and 1000 rupees were withdrawn from circulation and exchanged for new ones. On the evening of November 8, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi made a surprise announcement that the next morning the largest banknotes in circulation in denominations of 500 and 1000 rupees would become invalid. This was done to combat corruption and the black market. The authorities gave a deadline until December 30 of this year to exchange currency for new banknotes. At the same time, the exchange was made only if there was an identity card and the tax request for origin was satisfied. Money whether they were declared.
This radical monetary reform was designed to remove banned banknotes from circulation and strike at the country's shadow economy.
The unexpectedly announced currency exchange in India provoked huge queues at banks and problems in the market sector. The situation caused a stir also in foreign exchange market, the demand for dollars has grown. Moreover, all major steel transactions are carried out only in cashless form, which automatically made them subject to checks by the authorities. Thus, the prime minister has declared war on the black market and corruption.
The new banknotes differ from the previous ones in color, patterns and size, as well as the location of security objects. Also released new bill with a face value of 2000 rupees.
Features of treatment
A feature of the Indian currency is that absolutely all banknotes have a portrait of Mahatma Gandhi, the greatest Indian citizen in the history of the country. He was the leader of the movement for independence from Great Britain, a supporter of non-violent methods in the struggle for the betterment of society. Absolutely at all banknotes of all denominations, his portrait is printed.
When entering the country, amounts in excess of $ 5,000 must be declared. Export national currency outside India is prohibited. It is also prohibited to export foreign currency in an amount greater than imported.
Currency of India: exchange rate against the ruble for today
Since India is an agricultural country, climatic conditions influence the rupee exchange rate. It has long been noticed by analysts that with good harvests the rupee exchange rate begins to rise. In general, at the moment its cost is in a comfortable corridor for itself and no special changes are expected.
The exchange rate of the Indian rupee against the ruble at the moment: in India, the currency against the ruble is 90.04 rubles per one hundred Indian rupees.
You shouldn't go to India with rubles, as it will be difficult to exchange them. The most common exchange currencies are dollars and euros. Legal currency exchange is carried out at banks, exchange offices and at the airport.
Today, India's currency against the ruble is constantly changing, since its value depends on the exchange rate of the US dollar.
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1. The exchange rate of the Indian rupee for today in relation to foreign currencies: the US dollar (USD), the euro (EUR), the Russian ruble (RUB), the British pound (GBP), the Nepalese rupee.
A convenient rupee rate converter for today and the currency calculator below shows the calculation of the Indian rupee rate to any amount in any currency, for example, to the ruble, which you choose.
Exist banknotes 10, 50, 100, 500, 1000 Indian rupees, and coins in denominations of 1, 2, 5 rupees.
They say that there are still 5000 rupee bills, but I have not seen it myself.
1 rupee is equal to 100 paise, there are even coins of 1, 5, 10, 50 paise, but as a rule they are not accepted anywhere, there are exceptions only if you buy matches, the price of a box of which is 50 paise.
2. Features of Indian rupees
1. The Indian rupee is a Restricted Currency and is therefore prohibited for export... The only exception is for the neighboring states of Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
2. Indian rupees can be legally exchange for other currencies only at banks or hotels that have the appropriate license.
As a rule, in hotels the exchange rate of foreign currencies is lower than in banks, and in banks it is often lower than in exchange offices in tourist areas.
The circulation of foreign currencies on the territory of India is officially prohibited, with the exception of paying for train tickets, paying in some hotels, etc., but sometimes hard currencies are not accepted there either. However, sometimes the currency can be changed in shops selling souvenirs, jewelry and other things, the exchange rate of rupees is usually quite high.
3. Indian rupees with holes... The fact is that in India it is customary to fasten wads of money with a stapler, so do not be surprised. Despite this, money in India should be treated with respect, not crumpled or thrown carelessly, since money is the personification of the goddess Lakshmi.
4. Torn rupees is not accepted anywhere, even if the break line is sealed. I had a case when a money changer gave me a wad of money in which there was a 1000 rupee note with a large gap crossing the number, they refused to change it even in the branch of the Bank of India. I had to go to the exchange office, where they gave me 950 rupees for it.
5. Average rate Indian rupee against the ruble in recent years (at the time of writing the post, before the 2014 crisis) in Russia fluctuated at the level of 1.5-1.6 rupees per ruble (ranging from 1.52 to 1.63), depending on the dollar exchange rate, so it is sometimes convenient for it to simply divide the price in rupees by 1.5 to understand how much the necessary thing costs in rubles.
6. The exchange rate of the Indian rupee to the ruble and the dollar in crises After the crisis of 2014 in Russia, the exchange rate of the Indian rupee against the ruble jumped sharply by one and a half times and in 2018 it floats in the region of 1 ruble with kopecks and above, since the rupee rate against the dollar is more stable, then the rates of all other currencies are pegged to it. During the Indian monetary reform in 2017, the exchange rate of new money against the dollar rose in different regions of India from 65 to 77 rupees, while old bills, on the contrary, fell in price to 45-55 rupees per dollar.
The monetary unit of India is the Indian rupee (भारतीयरुपया). 1 Indian rupee is equal to 100 paisas (पैसा). International currency symbol Rs, international designation INR. In circulation there are banknotes in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 1000 rupees, as well as coins in denominations of 5, 2 1 rupees, 50, 25 and 10 pice. Tied to the Indian rupee are the Nepalese rupee (1: 1.6 ratio) and the Bhutanese ngultrum (1: 1 ratio). The issue of currency is controlled by the Federal Reserve Bank of India.
Except for passengers traveling to Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The imported amount over $ 2500 must be declared. Keep the declaration until departure. Foreign currency can be imported, but not more than the imported amount, but Indian rupees themselves are strictly prohibited from importing and exporting from the country.
Change foreign currency can be at banks, exchange offices of large hotels, shopping centers, the airport or at government exchange offices. Do not forget to take a certificate at the exchange office, you will definitely need it when you return it. Banks in India are open from Monday to Friday from 10: 00-14: 00, and on Saturdays until 12:00.
When exchanging currency at banks, you must provide a passport with a valid visa. It is also possible to exchange Indian rupees for another currency when leaving India - up to 25% of the official exchange amount (upon presentation of certificates from banks received during the exchange, it is valid for 3 months).
With the exception of the US dollar and the Euro, currencies of other countries are not changed in all banks and at a less favorable rate.
Exported goods in the amount of not more than 750 rupees (for foreigners) and 6,000 rupees (for citizens of India) are not subject to duty.
A cup of coffee in a cafe will cost 30 rupees, a bottle of cola 15 rupees, a saffron safa for the head - 75 rupees, himani oil - 25 rupees, a bottle of rum - 35 rupees.
The rupee, as a currency, is used in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Mauritius, Indonesia, Maldives, Seychelles.
History of origin
It is believed that India is one of the first countries where coins began to be used (this is approximately the 6th century BC). The first rupee was equal to forty pieces of copper (paisam) and was issued during the reign of Sher ShahSuri (reign 1486-1545). The rupee was most widespread under Akbar in 1556-1605. They began to cast it from silver, and the weight was equal to 11.534 g. Before that, the rupee was round; under Akbar, they also began to mint rectangular coins with wishes and blessings. Very often, rupees were named after various monetary lords.
During the British East India Company (1671), rupees began to be produced, which varied in quality from region to region. The English rupees were of three types: Bengali rupees or sikka, Bombay rupees or sirat, and Madras rupees or arcot.
In 1835, unified rupees began to be issued with the image of the English kings. Wilhelm IV was depicted first. In 1862, the "government rupee" was issued and the following division was introduced: 1 rupee = 16 annas = 64 paisa = 192 pais. In 1815, a fan currency was issued, equal to 12 rupees. The year 1883 was marked as the "fall of the rupee" period. The action of the silver standard, not the gold standard, made the currency uncompetitive.
In 1893, India switched to issuing paper notes, and the exchange rate was correlated with the British pound (1 pound was equal to 15 rupees). In 1947, India gained independence and replaced the currencies of its autonomous states (Danish Indian rupee, French, Portuguese escudos).
Modern banknotes
The first paper money of India was issued in the 1770s by the Bank of Hindustan, then the main bank of Bengal and Bihar (1773), the Bengal Bank (1784), and in 1935 by the Reserve Bank of India. All banknotes, except for 1000 rupees, are made in several versions. Banknotes issued in Lately, the degree of protection is much higher: these are watermarks, colors, security thread. The size of a 5 rupee banknote is 63 x 117, a 10 rupee note is 63 x 137, and with each subsequent denomination the length of the remaining banknotes increases by 10 mm. All banknotes have a blank light part where you can take notes, because of this, all banknotes are covered with writing.
5 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank stamp, Ahsoka column (obverse), tractor and agricultural work (reverse);
10 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank seal, Ahsoka's column (obverse), rhino, elephant, Bengal tiger (reverse);
20 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank seal, Ahsoka's column (on the obverse), palm trees (on the reverse);
50 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank seal, Ahsoka's column (obverse), Parliament building (reverse);
The Indian Parliament building Sansad Bhavan was built in 1912-1913 according to the British project. Supreme Court India is housed in the Princely Hall of the same building.
100 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank seal, Ahsoka column (obverse), Kanchenjunga ridge (reverse);
This mountain range separates Nepal and India. Kanchenjunga is the 3rd highest peak in the world (8586 m above sea level). Kanchenjunga is also called the five treasures of the great snows.
500 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank seal, Ahsoka's column (on the obverse), Mahatma Gandhi leading the people (on the reverse);
Mohandas Karamchand (Mahatma) Gandhi is one of the leaders independent movement... His philosophy of non-violence against people has made a huge contribution to promoting peaceful change.
1,000 Indian rupees - Mahatma Gandhi, bank stamp, Ahsoka's column (obverse), Indian agriculture, industry and science (reverse);
There are about 200 universities in India, of which 16 are central. The technical direction in education has become widespread, especially disciplines such as Agriculture, engineering.
origin of name
There are two opinions regarding the origin of the word "rupee". According to the first opinion, its modern name "rupee", the currency received from the word "rupa" - cattle. Sounds strange at first glance. For a very long time in India, livestock played the role of so-called natural money. According to another point of view, the word "rupee" comes from the Sanskrit root "rupayakam" - "silver coin". In different parts of India, the word "rupee" is pronounced differently: "rupayi", "rupaye", "rubai", and in the western part of the currency is known by its name, which comes from the word "tanka" (this is the name of the icon in Tibet).
Currency symbol
This is the letter "Ra", taken from the Devangari alphabet (one of the varieties of Indian writing). A special feature is that all the letters seem to hang down and are crossed out from above. This symbol was approved on July 15, 2010 by Udaya Kumar. In other varieties of Indian writing, the rupee is denoted by other symbols. For example: Konkani language रु, Punjabi language ਰੁ, Tamil language ரூ.
Calculus
Modern coins
The first batch of coins after the adoption of the decimal system by India was issued in 1957. Coins were minted from bronze (1 pais), copper-nickel alloy (2-10 pais), aluminum. In 2005-2008, coins began to be minted from stainless steel, because remelting was much more expensive than the cost of the scrap itself. Coins have become lighter. Now pice coins are becoming a rarity, although they are used in circulation.