German technology for the construction of country houses. German house building technologies
- Quality and durability. Mounting. The prepared elements of the future house are brought to the construction site and assembled in accordance with the project documentation.
- Energy efficiency. Allows you to save more than 30% on heating your home from panels. Buildings can be designed for climatic conditions down to -65 ˚С. According to SNiP II- 3-79 "Building heat engineering", the resistance to heat transfer of walls should be, for example, in the Nizhny Novgorod region at least 3.3 m2 xgr.C / W. The heat transfer resistance of our walls is 4.3 m2 xgr.C / W, which is 30% more than required.
- Fast construction at any time of the year. The production of frame panel houses ensures a 90% degree of factory readiness, reducing the period for assembling a house from panels to several days, and the total period of construction and turnkey finishing to several weeks. All components of the house (wall and floor panels, roofing elements) are produced in a closed workshop, at constant temperature and humidity, and are delivered to the construction site packed in protective films. A team of professionals only has to assemble a house kit, firmly strengthening the panels to each other and on the foundation. None of the ready-made panels require any modification during installation. "Wet" construction processes, which are inevitable during most construction methods, are completely excluded in panel-frame technology, therefore, the construction of panel frame house without the slightest loss of quality on a pre-prepared foundation, it is possible at any time of the year, even at sub-zero temperatures. The smooth surface of the walls also simplifies and reduces the cost of interior and exterior decoration of the house from turnkey panels.
- Architectural diversity. Panel- frame technology allows you to implement a variety of architectural and planning solutions. Classic, compact and functional European house, solid modern cottage in a rustic style, an exquisite country villa or a stylized noble estate - all this may well be a comfortable and reliable panel-frame house.
- Environmental friendliness. The wood of the frame is treated with antiseptics, excluding rotting. Chipboard is free from chemicals, adhesives and formaldehyde resins. Plates are vapor-permeable and your house, thanks to this, "breathes".
- Noise isolation. Airborne sound insulation index reaches 62 dB, which is 12 dB more the established norm.
- Fire safety. Our wall panels have a third degree of fire resistance.
Panel-frame houses using German technology
The plant for the production of frame-panel houses is located in the Nizhny Novgorod region.
Unlike other prefabricated timber frame technologies ("Canadian" modular), the German panel-frame technology provides for high-tech production.
The production of houses is organized in such a way that the components of a low-rise building (walls, ceilings and other elements) are assembled not by workers at the construction site, but in the factory workshops using modern automated equipment controlled by computer programs.
Only such a production can guarantee a 2-3-day period for the construction of a comfortable, reliable and high-quality house (without finishing).
The essence of the technology is the construction of a house based on a frame made of a spliced bar. The frame inside is filled with modern, environmentally friendly and energy efficient insulation. From the side of the room, the frame is closed with a vapor barrier film and a 2-layer inner lining - GSP and gypsum board. On the outside, a gypsum particle board is installed hydrophobized with moisture-repellent impregnations.
There are 2 exterior finishes:
1) plaster facade- finishing with mineral plaster and
2) ventilated facade- for finishing with various hinged facade materials at the request of the customer.
Construction using panel-frame technology remains one of the most popular solutions for permanent residences. This is one of the most inexpensive technologies suitable for capital energy-saving construction.
Today it is one of the most demanded technologies for the construction of low-rise buildings in the world. In Russia, it has become popular not only among private developers: in most regions, for the implementation of national housing programs, it is panel-frame houses that are optimal in terms of price, quality, construction time and service life are being erected.
Building a house is considered a long and laborious process. This is indeed the case with traditional technologies. But currently more are available. modern solutions, allowing several times to reduce the construction time and its labor intensity. The VALDEK company offers to use the German technology of prefabricated houses. It lies in the fact that the building is not built, but is assembled from large elements that are manufactured in the factory and supplied to the customer completely ready for assembly. Fragments of the house are assembled as a constructor in strict accordance with the technology. This ensures record-fast construction lines - about 3-5 days.
How prefabricated houses are created using VALDEK technology
Design... It is carried out by specialists from our own architecture and design department. When designing, we take into account the purpose of the building (residential building, hotel, etc.), the climatic features of the region, the customer's wishes regarding decoration and other important points. At this stage, an estimate for a prefabricated building is drawn up and agreed with the client, which includes detailed description all elements.
Manufacturing and delivery... The production of elements for the house is carried out in the factory, using modern equipment. This allows us to ensure high precision in the manufacture of all fragments, their compliance with the required quality standards. For production, environmentally friendly materials are used (you can familiarize yourself with the certificates on the website). The technology of prefabricated houses assumes that the elements are supplied completely ready for assembly and finishing. Manufacturing time is 3-4 days. Transportation is carried out by our company.
Mounting... It is carried out in stages, according to the project. The finished elements are assembled into a single structure using lifting and other specialized equipment. Construction time directly depends on the size and architectural complexity of the building. For example, a residential building with an area of 150 m2 can actually be built in just 5 days, which is currently the best result in this segment.
Fine finishing... The panels we supply for prefabricated buildings can be designed using almost all available ways: painting, plastering, etc. The type of finish and color scheme is chosen by the customer.
1 Outer wall
Basalt insulation "IsoBox / Inside" 150 mm thick
Expanded polystyrene PSB-S-25F 50 mm thick.
Polystyrene foam (external insulation of the outer wall) - due to its physical properties, it is a very good heat and sound insulation material. The foam is not sensitive to moisture and does not emit any hazardous compounds. It belongs to the so-called "monomaterials" (consisting of one type of material). Expanded polystyrene is absolutely non-toxic, it can be used without any fears. This is also confirmed by the fact that for many years it has been used for the manufacture of food packaging that involves direct contact with food. Such a good state of affairs is due to the nature of the foam: having an inert structure, expanded polystyrene is biologically neutral and stable for many years. In our environment, monomeric styrene can be found in plant resins, as well as in foods like strawberries, beans, nuts, beer, wine, etc.
Decorative facade plaster STO
Plastering system STO, Germany. In the production of VALDEK house sets, the StoTherm Classic plaster system based on organic materials is used, which practically leaves behind the mineral facade thermal insulation systems in all main characteristics, including reliability, strength and elasticity.
Oriented strand board OSB-3 "EGGER GROUP" 15 mm thick
OSB (Oriented Strand Board), "EGGER Group" EUROSTRAND® are three-layer boards, pressed from oriented strand chips in flat pressing plants (micro-veneer) and impregnated with synthetic resins. In the production of OSB, debarked coniferous wood, paraffin-wax emulsion, polyurethane resin and water are used. This material is characterized by good dimensional stability and optimal technical properties due to the use of specially shaped chips (chip length up to 160 mm) and a high degree of chip orientation of the cover layers.
2 Inner wall
Frame stand made of planed wood with a section of 145 * 45 mm
We use certified products of the largest timber processing enterprises with normalized moisture content. This is necessary condition creating a high-quality frame for the future home.
Basalt insulation "IsoBox / Extra Light" 100 mm thick
Basalt insulation is a mineral material produced from molten basalt rocks at a temperature of 1300-1400 ° C, with the addition of hydrophobizing and binding components. The resulting material has good strength, withstand the load. Basalt slabs are non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and belong to the class of non-combustible materials. Under the influence of fire and high temperatures, slabs made of mineral basalt fiber do not smoke and do not emit toxic gases, they are resistant to high temperatures up to 600 ° C. Basalt insulation is durable, with a service life of at least 70 years, resistant to ultraviolet radiation, chemical and biological pollution. Plus - basalt insulation has excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation properties.
Gypsum board (GSP). 10 mm thick
Gypsum board (GSP). 10 mm thick
A modern construction material with excellent sound and heat insulation properties. GSPlita is an environmentally friendly material (GSP contains 83% gypsum, 15% wood chips, 2% water). This material is made by the method of semi-dry pressing, without the use of high temperatures, which contributes to the high strength characteristics of the material. GSP belongs to the G1 flammability group, because Gypsum binder prevents wood chips from burning. In addition, gypsum boards are not exposed to fungus, insects and rodents.
3 Base / plinth panel
Basalt insulation is a mineral material produced from molten basalt rocks at a temperature of 1300-1400 ° C, with the addition of hydrophobizing and binding components. The resulting material has good strength, withstand the load. Basalt slabs are non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and belong to the class of non-combustible materials. Under the influence of fire and high temperatures, slabs made of mineral basalt fiber do not smoke and do not emit toxic gases, they are resistant to high temperatures up to 600 ° C. Basalt insulation is durable, with a service life of at least 70 years, resistant to ultraviolet radiation, chemical and biological pollution. Plus - basalt insulation has excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation properties.
Cement particle board (DSP). 16 mm thick
Construction material, characterized by a high level of safety - fire, environmental, chemical-physical, with excellent sound insulation. The cement-bonded mass is placed under a press, from where the finished monolithic multilayer panel comes out. Multilayer provides such a plate with exceptional strength and reliability in operation. The chemical composition of the board makes it unsuitable for the development of fungi and insects.
Vapor barrier membrane "Tyvek"
Membrane, TYVEK® - high-tech roll materials designed for waterproofing, windproofing and vapor barrier walls and pitched roofs. Tyvek® is made up of millions of microfibers to ensure proper and even distribution of UV and heat protection additives to ensure long-term properties throughout the material. That is why TYVEK® materials have extensive experience in effective use in the construction of timber-framed houses. The high vapor permeability of Tyvek® materials allows residual moisture from the insulation and other structural elements to freely pass through it into the ventilated space, which prevents the accumulation of condensate, the destruction of wood, and prevents a decrease in the characteristics of thermal insulation. In frame-type wall structures, the additional protection with Tyvek® against wind pressure and air permeability is also of particular importance.
We use certified products of the largest timber processing enterprises with normalized moisture content. This is a prerequisite for creating a high-quality frame for the future home.
4 Floor panel
Cement particle board (DSP). thickness 20 mm
Cement particle board (DSP). thickness 20 mm
Building material characterized by a high level of safety - fire, environmental, chemical-physical, with excellent sound insulation. The cement-bonded mass is placed under a press, from where the finished monolithic multilayer panel comes out. Multilayer provides such a plate with exceptional strength and reliability in operation. The chemical composition of the board makes it unsuitable for the development of fungi and insects.
Planed timber frame
We use certified products of the largest timber processing enterprises with normalized moisture content. This is a prerequisite for creating a high-quality frame for the future home.
Basalt insulation "IsoBox / Extra Light" 100 mm thick
Basalt insulation is a mineral material produced from molten basalt rocks at a temperature of 1300-1400 ° C, with the addition of hydrophobizing and binding components. The resulting material has good strength, withstand the load. Basalt slabs are non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and belong to the class of non-combustible materials. Under the influence of fire and high temperatures, slabs made of mineral basalt fiber do not smoke and do not emit toxic gases, they are resistant to high temperatures up to 600 ° C. Basalt insulation is durable, with a service life of at least 70 years, resistant to ultraviolet radiation, chemical and biological pollution. Plus - basalt insulation has excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation properties.
5 Roof panel
Waterproofing membrane "Tyvek"
Membrane, TYVEK® - high-tech roll materials designed for waterproofing, windproofing and vapor barrier walls and pitched roofs. Tyvek® is made up of millions of microfibers to ensure proper and even distribution of UV and heat protection additives to ensure long-term properties throughout the material. That is why TYVEK® materials have extensive experience in effective use in the construction of timber-framed houses. The high vapor permeability of Tyvek® materials allows residual moisture from the insulation and other structural elements to freely pass through it into the ventilated space, which prevents the accumulation of condensate, the destruction of wood, and prevents a decrease in the characteristics of thermal insulation. In frame-type wall structures, the additional protection with Tyvek® against wind pressure and air permeability is also of particular importance.
Basalt insulation "IsoBox / Extra Light" 200 mm thick
Basalt insulation is a mineral material produced from molten basalt rocks at a temperature of 1300-1400 ° C, with the addition of hydrophobizing and binding components. The resulting material has good strength, withstand the load. Basalt slabs are non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and belong to the class of non-combustible materials. Under the influence of fire and high temperatures, slabs made of mineral basalt fiber do not smoke and do not emit toxic gases, they are resistant to high temperatures up to 600 ° C. Basalt insulation is durable, with a service life of at least 70 years, resistant to ultraviolet radiation, chemical and biological pollution. Plus - basalt insulation has excellent thermal insulation and sound insulation properties.
Vapor barrier membrane "Tyvek"
Membrane, TYVEK® - high-tech roll materials designed for waterproofing, windproofing and vapor barrier walls and pitched roofs. Tyvek® is made up of millions of microfibers (“labyrinths”) to ensure the correct and even distribution of UV and heat protection additives to ensure long-term properties throughout the thickness of the material. That is why TYVEK® materials have extensive experience in effective use in the construction of timber-framed houses. The high vapor permeability of Tyvek® materials allows residual moisture from the insulation and other structural elements to freely pass through it into the ventilated space, which prevents the accumulation of condensate, the destruction of wood, and prevents a decrease in the characteristics of thermal insulation. In frame-type wall structures, the additional protection with Tyvek® against wind pressure and air permeability is also of particular importance.
Gypsum board (GSP). 10 mm thick
Modern construction material with excellent sound and heat insulation properties. GSPlita is an environmentally friendly material (GSP contains 83% gypsum, 15% wood chips, 2% water). This material is made by the method of semi-dry pressing, without the use of high temperatures, which contributes to the high strength characteristics of the material. GSP belongs to the G1 flammability group, because Gypsum binder prevents wood chips from burning. In addition, gypsum boards are not exposed to fungus, insects and rodents.
Metal tile, "Metal Profile".
The products are characterized by increased resistance to environmental influences and mechanical damage. This is ensured by processing the steel sheet with an alloy of zinc and aluminum, followed by passivation and priming.
What is included in the set of the prefabricated building
- Exterior walls
- Internal walls
- Base / plinth panels (not included in the basic package)
- Roofing panels
- Floor panels
- Additional elements
The composition of the kit for a prefabricated house is determined depending on the type, size and other features of a particular project.
To get more information about the technology of prefabricated houses and place an order, use the contact phone number, feedback form or e-mail indicated at the top of the page.
The construction of a house using German technology is characterized primarily by the use of high-quality materials that will serve their owner for many years. It is because of this that this construction technology is becoming more and more popular. We will talk about the process of building houses using German technology further.
Houses on German technology: manufacturing features and advantages
German technology for the construction of a house involves the construction of a frame-type building. To carry out this process, you will need a wooden frame and insulated panels that can easily withstand the most severe climate.
One of the advantages of using German technology is the fact that it takes several months to build a house. So, for example, to build aerated concrete house with an area of 200 square meters and to carry out its further finishing, it will take at least three months. For the construction of a building built according to German construction technology, a month and a half is enough. Since ten days are enough for the construction of the foundation, and further work is associated with finishing.
Among the advantages of building houses using German technology, it should be noted:
1. Heat - which consists in carrying out the correct thermal insulation and in the preservation of heat, especially in winter. Therefore, for heating such a house, you need to spend half the energy resources than heating a stone one.
2. Duration of operation - the minimum service life of such a house to its owner is fifty years.
3. Environmental safety - the house is made of environmentally friendly materials. For example, to insulate panels, it is enough to use ordinary wood shavings.
4. Aesthetic appeal - such a house is rightfully suitable for minimalists, as it does not contain any unnecessary details.
5. Simplicity and ease of use - all rooms are thought out to the smallest detail, the house is convenient to use at any time of the year.
If we consider the question of the cost of a house built using German technology, then for implementation construction works for home improvement, with an area of 60 square meters, it will take about 38 thousand euros. This factor is influenced by the construction technology, which happens:
- frame;
- aerated concrete type.
In addition, finishing materials differ in cost, their choice depends on the preferences of the owners and the characteristics of the premises.
Characteristics of frame houses according to German technology
Low-rise construction involves several technologies for arranging a frame house. They are used in and from different countries and get their names. The most common construction technologies frame houses are Finnish and German. The main difference between which is the type of materials used, the technology of erecting the frame and the quality of the work performed.
For the construction of the frame, which is the main supporting structure of the house, wooden or metal rods are used. It is because of them that the design is durable and reliable.
For the manufacture of a frame house according to German technology, a solid glued wooden beam is used, from which the frame is constructed. For the manufacture of such a bar, special pre-dried and calibrated wood of exclusively coniferous species is used. It is the conifers that are less susceptible to rotting and drying out, since they have a high resin content.
The most common option for constructing a frame is the preliminary strapping of the walls: from below and from above, installation of stiffeners, beams and struts. In addition, additional elements are installed in the form of racks and crossbars, in the space between which window and door openings are installed.
To fill the interframe space, a heater is used, the main quality of which is non-susceptibility to decay and deformation. Therefore, the most the best option insulation is the use of basalt stone wool or plates based on expanded polystyrene.
Projects of German houses:
Further, the frame is upholstered on both sides with OSB boards. Pressed wood chips, resins and antifungal agent are used for their manufacture. Option of upholstering with cement particle boards. The inside of the structure is protected by the use of a hydro and vapor barrier membrane, which allows steam and moisture to pass only to the outside, thus, all wooden parts of the structure always remain dry.
Subsequent finishing includes plasterboard wall cladding, and for the treatment of rooms with a high level of humidity, one more additional waterproofing layer will be required.
It is quite possible to replace wooden structures with a light metal profile. This construction technology is ideal for building houses in the shortest possible time. With its help, they construct not only low-rise residential premises, but also offices, warehouses and industrial premises. For their construction, materials of higher strength are used than for the construction of a residential building.
German houses photos:
We propose to study the advantages of frame technology for building houses:
1. Small wall thickness, providing a high level of thermal insulation.
Insulation, which is used in the process of building walls according to German technology, has a very low thermal conductivity, in comparison with brick or concrete. Therefore, for example, using mineral wool, it is enough to install a layer 15 cm thick. At the same time, the thickness of the entire wall will reach 25 cm. This is quite enough to keep the house warm and comfortable even in a harsh winter. In addition, the cost of heating such a house, in comparison with a brick one, will be five or even eight times less. And in order to hide all the communication elements, the inter-wall space is used, so the appearance of the room will not suffer in any way.
2. High load-bearing capacity of the walls and low weight of the building itself. It is thanks to these qualities, for the construction of a house, it is not required to equip an overly powerful and expensive foundation. A shallow columnar or strip type of foundation is sufficient. Thus, it is possible to save funds for their arrangement. Due to the high bearing capacity of the walls, there is a huge choice in roof decoration, since almost any materials are used.
3. High level of seismic resistance and immunity to seasonal ground movements. The house, for the construction of which the German frame technology was used, can withstand earthquakes from 7.5 to 9.2 points.
4. The design is non-shrinking, so there is no need to wait for a certain period of time for finishing work.
5. The ability to build a house of any shape and configuration. This construction technology is able to bring to life any ideas of architects, designers and home owners. In addition, there is the possibility of arranging additional outbuildings located next to the house.
6. The speed of building houses is the highest. All construction works are carried out directly at the construction site and this process takes no more than two months. Houses built according to German technology are based on SKD panels, the degree of readiness of which is 91%, since they are pre-prepared by the manufacturer, and all that remains is to connect them on site using a small labor force in the form of four to five people. All elements manufactured at the factory are of high quality, so there is practically no chance of errors in the process of joining parts.
7. Availability of circular construction works. Houses built according to German technology are equipped both in summer and winter seasons. Installation work does not depend on the ambient temperature. The main condition is the absence of precipitation and high humidity.
8. Harmlessness to health is ensured by the use of exclusively environmentally friendly materials. In this case, not only the person, but also the environment does not suffer.
9. Low level labor costs for building a house. During the construction process, there is no need to attract special technical equipment. Houses are installed both in small narrow streets and in spacious areas. In addition, five people are enough to install such a house.
10. The low price for a built house is due to all of the above advantages.
11. High level of durability. Houses made according to German construction technology will serve their owners from fifty to eighty years.
Panel houses using German technology
The service life of a panel house in Germany is about 100 years. This is due to the presence of such qualities of a panel house as:
- use of dry materials and manufacturing of parts in factories;
- sending finished walls, floor slabs, elements of the rafter system and gables to the object;
- high speed in carrying out installation work.
The wall structure consists of:
- dry planed timber;
- non-combustible basalt insulation;
- internal cladding of cement-bonded particle board;
- vapor barrier film;
- exterior cladding of cement bonded particle board.
Cement particle boards are non-flammable, durable, moisture-resistant and frost-resistant fireproof material used for construction, structural or repair work.
For the manufacture of frame structures, pine is used, undergoing strict control, automatic calibration work, sorting in relation to quality and a drying procedure.
The most optimal type of insulation is basalt mineral wool. Since it has good density, it prevents shrinkage. If the house is located in the northern region, then the recommended wall thickness is more than 25 cm.
Construction according to German technology implies the arrangement of fireproof houses, which are classified as the fourth category of fire resistance. Plates of cement bonded type are classified as flame retardant and non-spreading materials. Mineral wool is completely non-flammable. In addition, in the event of a fire, the house does not emit toxic or poisonous vapors and gases.
Video German houses:
Exterior walls
Exterior wall panels
2) Vapor barrier film.
Partitions
Internal partition panels
Support bar
Internal walls
Interior wall panels
1) Wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
4) Wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
Floor slabs
TAMAK frame-panel structures have a high bearing capacity with a small panel thickness. The wooden frame, sheathed on both sides with cement-bonded particle boards, withstands more than 990 kg / m2 of uniformly distributed load. Inside the structure, a non-combustible stone wool insulation is used, which has environmental and health-friendly properties, confirmed by a number of certificates.
Interfloor and attic floor panels
5) CBPB TAMAK 12 mm.
Attic slabs
TAMAK frame-panel structures have excellent thermal protection with a small panel thickness. Inside the structure, a non-combustible stone wool insulation is used, which has environmental and health-friendly properties, confirmed by a number of certificates. The energy efficiency of the structures ensures low heat losses and low operating costs.
Interfloor and attic floor panels
1) Subfloor - CBPB TAMAK 20 mm.
2) Wooden load-bearing beams 195 mm high with spans of not more than 4.2 mm, 240 mm high, with spans of more than 4.2 mm to 4.8 mm.
3) Non-combustible insulation "Isolight M50" 100 mm thick (in the attic areas to the full height).
4) Vapor barrier - polyethylene film - for attic areas.
5) CBPB TAMAK 12 mm.
Disassembled roof structure
The structures of the rafter system are made of dry planed lumber, sawn to size according to the developed project, marked according to the installation diagram. Manufacturing of the most complex structures is possible.
Roof structure
1) Metal tiles (not included in the delivery set).
2) Sheathing 44x50 mm with a step of 300-340 mm.
3) Clamping plate 44x50 mm.
4) Diffusion film "Ondutis SA115", for cold attics - waterproofing film "Ondutis RV100".
5) Rafters, girders, wooden cross-section by calculation.
Exterior walls
TAMAK frame-panel structures have better thermal protection with a small wall thickness. The timber frame, sheathed on both sides with cement-bonded particle boards, creates a solid structure. Inside the structure, a non-combustible stone wool insulation is used, which has environmental and health-friendly properties, confirmed by a number of certificates. The energy efficiency of the structures ensures low operating costs.
Exterior wall panels
1) Internal wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
2) Vapor barrier film.
3) Wooden frame made of dry planed timber 144 mm.
4) Non-combustible insulation made of Isolight-Lux mineral wool board (ISOROC) with a density of 60 kg / m3, for the thickness of the frame.
5) External wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm.
Partitions
TAMAK frame-panel structures withstand a high weight load with a small wall thickness. The timber frame, sheathed on both sides with cement-bonded particle boards, creates a solid structure. The weight load on the two support points is about 400 kg. Partitions are easy to dismantle without dirt and dust when redevelopment is necessary.
Internal partition panels
1) Wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
2) Wooden frame made of dry planed timber 44 mm or 70 mm (according to the project).
3) Non-combustible insulation made of Isolite M50 mineral wool 50 mm thick.
4) Wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
Support bar
Antiseptic timber, section 44 * 144 mm, softwood lumber.
Internal walls
TAMAK frame-panel structures can withstand a high weight load with a small wall thickness. The timber frame sheathed on both sides with cement-bonded particleboards creates a solid structure. The weight load on the two support points is about 400 kg. Inside the structure, a non-combustible stone wool insulation is used, which has environmental and health-friendly properties, confirmed by a number of certificates.
Interior wall panels
1) Wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
2) Wooden frame made of dry planed timber 144 mm.
3) Non-combustible insulation made of Isolight M50 mineral wool 100mm thick.
4) Wall cladding - CBPB TAMAK 12 mm or GVLV.
Often our clients, considering ready-made projects of houses and cottages in their portfolio, ask one question - "why do we prefer to build brick buildings?" And as an example, they cite various options for frame houses that are becoming popular in Russia.
Our experts are always ready to tell you all the advantages of classic construction over new directions, which allow you to objectively give preference to houses from InnovaStroy. One of the negative points is that the quality of frame construction is now much lower than in Europe, since there are many unscrupulous component manufacturers.
However, each developer can independently assess all the advantages and disadvantages that German technologies for building houses have in different climatic zones of Russia. Below we provide a complete and reliable description of this method of building cottages, which is so popular abroad.
Original German technology for the construction of country houses
German methods of building cottages are very different from almost all that can be found on the domestic market. It is in their originality that the pitfalls are hidden, which can darken the pleasure of the erected structure. First of all, german house building technologies based on the need to build private houses in a fairly dense building. Therefore, all kits are created as ready-made as possible so that the construction process does not require much time.
Distinctive features of the described technology are the accuracy of the design of the future structure and compliance with all technological processes. It should be remembered that the German love of pedantry is fully reflected in the method of frame construction of cottages. Any slightest deviation from the technological process leads to a sad ending. When choosing this method of construction, you must definitely contact a reliable company that will provide high-quality construction services .
Construction of houses using German technology: advantages and disadvantages
In order to fully illuminate all the nuances of building cottages using German technology, we will not divide them into positive and negative. In each section you can find out about all distinctive features frame structure.
Accuracy of calculations
The German technology for building cottages is characterized by the use of high-precision computer programs. It is with such tools that InnovaStroy architects and designers develop their projects, which increases the quality project documentation and the subsequent construction of your country residence. As frame construction implies the preliminary production of components and subsequent installation on site, the entire construction process depends on scrupulousness and accuracy. Any inaccurate figure will lead to disruption of all construction and installation work.
Manufacturing and design
Construction of houses using German technology occurs in several stages, which are interconnected. In terms of design, this method of building cottages has some limitations. Standard developments are quite the same type, and all production processes and the number of personnel involved are already designed for them. The introduction of fundamental changes will entail a complete restructuring of the process of making home kits, which leads to an increase in the cost of building a building. Nevertheless, within the framework of the finished frame parts, you can make small adjustments so that the project meets your wishes in terms of layout, number of storeys, the number of rooms and communications.
In the field of component production, German house building technologies are very original and completely unlike the popular Finnish or Canadian cottages. Note that almost all processes for creating a house take place in production, and ready-made parts of the structure are supplied to the object:
- Floors and ceilings already with sub-floors and ready-to-connect embedded systems;
- Walls can be with or without inserted windows. In any case, the kit comes completely ready for finishing, that is, the walls are protected from the inside and outside, insulation is laid inside and communications are carried out, up to the installed sockets and hoods;
- The roof is also delivered ready-made or consists of several parts, fastened in place;
- All fastening points for individual parts are precisely verified and calculated, which is what distinguishes German technology, which does not allow approximate values.
Materials (edit)
According to the rules, all components are made only from natural and natural ingredients. The main load-bearing beams are made of timber, and the lintels are made of edged boards. The installation step of the internal parts in the ceilings cannot be less than 35-40 centimeters in order to provide the necessary rigidity.
In the walls, vertical posts can be mounted in different ways, depending on the project documentation, but the most acceptable space almost never exceeds 1 meter. As a heater, both mineral wool, which has a lower degree of shrinkage, and expanded polystyrene blocks can be used. The thickness of load-bearing walls is not less than 150 millimeters, and the thickness of partitions is not less than 100 millimeters. Communication systems and wiring are mounted in protective covers or boxes.
The inner and outer sheathing is made of plywood with windproof materials on the outside. Due to their environmental friendliness, such houses do not in any way affect the health of residents and do not emit harmful volatile substances into the atmosphere.
We should also mention the processing of wooden components with special protective solutions. They saturate the wood and prevent the development of molds, various bacteria, insects and rodents. It is also important to use only dried wood that has been dehydrated using special equipment. Then it will not change its strength characteristics and will last about 100 years. The maximum allowable shrinkage parameter of the structure in any direction - width, height, diagonal - 1% of the total size or weight.
Foundation and installation
Since natural and light materials are used to create cottage kits, a particularly solid foundation is not needed for such a house. On reliable soils, a shallow strip or slab-shaped base is sufficient. Also commonly used pile foundation with concrete piping. It can be arranged on the surface of the earth, be slightly recessed, be at a distance from the surface.
Before installing the main components, the surface of the foundation is covered with a thick layer of waterproofing material to prevent moisture penetration into the structure. The installation process is quite simple in appearance, but requires the use of heavy lifting equipment, cranes and manipulators. Since the whole cottage comes to the site in the form of a constructor, its assembly takes about 4-6 days. This fact can be considered one of the key advantages of German technology. So, the editing process itself looks like this:
- The overlap of the first floor is laid on the foundation with a waterproofing layer according to the established dimensions. The individual parts are twisted together using pre-made holes and metal bolts;
- Walls are installed on the ceiling. Depending on the size of the cottage, they can be solid, that is, for the entire width of the facade, or separate in rooms. An important feature is that the wall panel should be easy to transport and install. This is also calculated at the design stage. The walls are fastened together and in the corners with bolted connections. Additional protection of the seams is not required, since the panels already have all the necessary gaps and tolerances;
- On top of the walls and partitions of the first floor, the upper ceiling is laid, which exactly corresponds to the floor on the lower level;
- Next, install the wall panels of the second floor or residential attic. The mounting method is exactly the same as for the lower components. Note that the wall panels already have mounting locations for floors and roofs, calculated with millimeter accuracy;
- The assembled roofing cake is also laid over the walls of the second level and held together with metal joints. All mounting points and recesses have a small gap, no more than 3 millimeters, to ensure sufficient mobility of the wooden components during seasonal expansion and contraction;
- The final stage is sheathing the mounting points from the inside to hide all the ugly technical holes. Also, at the final stage, windows, doors, stairs are mounted and all communication systems are connected.
External finishing
German house building technologies are also distinguished by their versatility in terms of external design. At the request of the customer, a perfectly flat outer surface can be sheathed with any material you like: natural or artificial stone; brick; blockhouse with imitation of logs; clapboard wooden or plastic; siding; plaster. You can also perform any actions for the original decoration, for example, in the style of a half-timbered chalet.
An important clarification - during the process of external cladding, it is imperative to leave a ventilation gap in order to ensure the removal of steam and condensate from under the surface finishing material... There is no need to additionally insulate houses created using German technology, since they themselves have very high performance, heat and sound protection.
What to look for when ordering such a cottage?
The main disadvantage of the technology lies in the peculiarities of its production. If we compare with Germany, then there the production of ready-made sets of houses is strictly standardized and is subject to mandatory certification. There are services that monitor compliance with production technology and control quality. In Russia, when ordering a house using German technology, it is impossible to check the conformity of the materials hidden under the cladding of wall and roof panels. The search for a competent and responsible manufacturer can take a very long time. Even if you manage to find it, there is no guarantee that the built house will serve you for the declared 50-100 years.
This can be considered the main reason why German technology for building cottages has not been as widespread as construction of cottages from more classic materials offered by InnovaStroy.
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