Build a house up to 50m2 from blocks. The cost of building a house from foam blocks
Gone are the days when to possess country house I had to save money for many years, saving even on food. After that, for another two or three years, one had to literally give all the best at the construction site, undermining one's health. The country has changed, the financial situation of the majority of fellow citizens has improved. Many companies have appeared that are capable of fulfilling the corresponding construction order with high quality and in a short time.
The use of new materials and technologies has reduced the construction time of a private low-rise building to two, and sometimes even to one year. At the same time, the decision of the future homeowner to build suburban housing using foam concrete blocks reduces the construction time to several months and ends within one season.
Materials used to build the walls of a block house
We build from foam concrete blocks, made in full accordance with the instructions of GOSTs No. 25485 of 1989 and No. 31359 of 2007. The technical parameters of these blocks allow them to successfully compete and win in competition with other building materials:
porous structure provides excellent thermal insulation properties;
strength qualities increase with time;
a high degree of moisture resistance helps to reduce the cost of facade finishing;
the significant size of the blocks and their low weight affect the reduction of construction time;
the relatively low cost of blocks and the ability to abandon the use of lifting mechanisms reduce the cost of construction.
Stages of building a block house
We specialize in performing a full range of works necessary for the construction of a house from turnkey blocks, having for this necessary knowledge and qualified employees. In the states of the company, a group of designers has been working for more than one year, creating projects for houses from blocks. Therefore, the customer can choose exactly the project that seems preferable to him in terms of its technical, architectural and economic indicators.
We divide the construction of a house from blocks into six successive stages:
1. foundation device;
2. building walls;
3. roofing works;
4. laying engineering communications;
5. facade finishing;
6. internal finishing works.
Foundation device
Relatively light weight the walls of the block house allows you to use the most economical base design, which is the tape shallow foundation. We can create it in different ways, depending on the type of soil at the construction site:
from prefabricated foundation blocks laid without connection;
from prefabricated blocks connected by reinforced belts;
from monolithic reinforced concrete.
This type of foundation allows you to give the desired degree of stability to the house both on subsidence and on strongly heaving soils.
Walling
It is unlikely that our potential client will be interested in the professional subtleties of masonry work. Therefore, we will simply report the benefits that the customer acquires at home from blocks:
the walls successfully delay the entry into the apartment of sounds coming from the street;
wall material does not contain toxic substances;
fungus and mold will not appear on the walls of the blocks;
a high degree of thermal protection allows you to abandon the thermal insulation of the walls;
resistance to high temperatures ensures fire safety;
the same block sizes make it possible to abandon the work of leveling the surface of the walls with plaster.
Other types of work
The materials required for the installation of the roof are selected in agreement with the customer at the stage of concluding the contract. We also act in the selection of materials for work on the facade and interior decoration. Moreover, the preliminary selection of a specific block house project, as well as getting advice on all construction issues, can be done without leaving your office or home, using the phones listed on our website for this. If you need more detailed information For inquiries, please use email.
What was done
Project: the Innsbruck project was adapted to the site and the wishes of the Customer's family, a decision was made to relocate the terrace.
foundation: based on geology and the architect's calculations, the house was built on a pile-grillage foundation.
ceilings: basement - reinforced concrete monolithic; interfloor - reinforced concrete floor slabs.
box: walls made of aerated concrete blocks, laying with masonry glue. Windows are made to order, with one-sided lamination, installation on site.
roof: metal tile.
exterior finish: walls are insulated with basalt facade insulation and plastered, finishing elements are made of wood, made on site, based on TK-visualization, painted. The plinth is lined with decorative stone.
interior decoration: the decoration was carried out according to the design project, where the combination of decorative plaster with stone and wood was taken as the basis. False beams were mounted on the ceilings.
additionally: a fireplace is installed and finished.
What was done
The very case when our Customer and we speak the same language and are inspired by the ECO high-tech style! Designer Ilya came to us with finished Project your future home! Our team liked the project - after all, such unusual and stylish solutions are always a professional challenge!
We prepared estimates for Ilya and developed unique design solutions - all this allowed us to implement this project! The frame house is made in our proven Canadian technology with 200 mm insulation along the entire contour! Outside, the house is sheathed with imitation timber. All windows are custom-made and laminated in colors according to the project. Additional accents are placed thanks to the professional coloring of imitation timber and the selection of colors.
What was done
What does it cost us to build a house? Indeed, having a team of professionals and knowledge - building a house from scratch is a matter of time! But sometimes the task is more difficult! We have introductory - an existing foundation, or buildings on the site, extensions to existing buildings and much more! For the Matsuev family, it was precisely such a difficult task. They had a foundation from an old burnt house, and a landscaped area around it! The new house had to be erected in a short time on the existing foundation. Dmitry and his family had a desire to build new house in hi-tech style. After careful measurements, a project was made that took into account the old layout, but had a new modern form with interesting innovations! The house has an entrance group where you can sit at a table on cozy evenings and a complex but possible exploitable roof in our lane. To implement such a roof, we called on our knowledge and modern building materials LVL beams, built-up roofing and much more to help. Now in the summer on such a roof you can arrange an unusual dinner or watch the stars at night! In the decoration, our architect also emphasized the minimalistic and graphic high-tech style. Smooth stucco walls with painted planken details add personality to the wooden beams at the entrance. Inside, the house is finished with imitation timber, which is painted in different colors depending on the purpose of the room! Large windows in the living room kitchen overlooking the plot - created the desired effect of illumination and airiness of the space! The house of the Matsuev family has graced our photo gallery in the country architecture section in high-tech style, in the style chosen by bold Customers with excellent taste.
What was done
Olga and her family have long dreamed of a country house! A reliable, solid home to live in, which will fit perfectly into their difficult narrow lot! With the advent of children, it was decided to realize the dream, children grow up quickly and in their own house in nature there are many opportunities and Fresh air. We, in turn, were happy to work on an individual project of a classic red brick house with a bay window! After the first acquaintance with our company in a cozy office, we invited Olga to take a look at our current construction site: evaluate the order and construction processes, store materials on the site, get acquainted with the construction team, make sure the quality of work. After visiting the facility, Olga decided to work with us! And we were happy to do our favorite work again to make another country dream come true!
What was done
Project: changes were made to the San Rafael project and redevelopment was made according to the wishes of the Customer.
ceilings: basement - reinforced concrete floor slabs; interfloor - reinforced concrete floor slabs
box: walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks, mortar masonry??? Windows inserted.
roofing: metal tile
terrace: rough enclosing elements are made, flooring is done.
What was done
Dmitry approached our company with an interesting draft design to calculate the cost. Our experience allows us to perform such calculations according to draft designs with minimal errors, no more than 2%. Having visited our construction sites and received the cost of construction, Dmitry chose us from among many of our colleagues in the shop to complete the project. Our team has begun to implement a difficult and expressive country project with spacious rooms and a garage, large windows and complex architecture. After the project was completed, Dmitry chose us as a contractor, and we, in turn, wanted to do further work at the same high level! Since the object is large, Dmitry proposed a phased cooperation, namely, upon successful completion of the foundation work, we proceeded to the second part of the project - walls + ceilings + roofing. Also, the exact timing of construction was important for Dmitry, in order to speed up the construction processes, the team was reinforced by 2 experienced masons.
The box on a pile-grillage foundation was handed over right on time! The result pleased us and the Customer. All stages of work were coordinated and worked out under Dmitry and his individual project from which all participants in the process benefited!
What was done
Project: The project of our company Inkerman was changed taking into account the wishes of the Customer's family, the house was planted on the site, taking into account the existing situation on the site and the relief
foundation: based on geology and the architect's calculations, the house was built on a reinforced pile-grillage foundation.
ceilings: wooden on wooden beams, in places of large spans installation of LVL beams. The basement is insulated with 200mm basalt insulation; interfloor overlap with sound insulation 150mm.
box: box: walls made of expanded clay concrete blocks, mortar masonry. Windows inserted.
roofing: installation of metal tiles.
exterior finish: the facade is insulated with 100 mm basalt facade slabs, the facades are closed facing brick; the color scheme was proposed by the architect and agreed with the customer.
What was done
The Krutov family decided to build spacious house for the life of the whole family!
From the idea to its implementation, Olga and other family members went through several stages! The choice of technology, the long work on the project, the construction of the foundation, the construction of the house with the exterior and then the work on the interior! The frame technology was chosen as energy-saving, prefabricated and high-tech! Why did the Krutovs choose our company? They liked the quality of work at our construction site and the workers who gave a detailed tour! We also worked on the estimate for a long time, combining different finishes, comparing their cost. This made it possible to choose the best option from a wide variety finishing materials and kits.
The project was created by an architect friend, but we had to work out the constructive part of it. After that, the most reliable and effective foundation was erected - UWB. Then work began on the box. A frame house with 200 mm insulation along the entire contour and a unique 300 mm roof insulation technology. For the exterior, siding was chosen in a spectacular combination of colors - coffee and cream. The accents are placed thanks to the powerful roof overhangs, interfloor belt and large windows!
What was done
When you decide to become the proud owner of your own home and move to a new home for permanent residence, first of all, you think about what the house will be like; what to build it from; how much will it cost and most importantly, WHO will do all this?
Alexander, came to our company with the desire to move to his own Vacation home. He liked the Avignon project and there was already a strip foundation on the site. After the initial visit to the site, measurements and examination of the foundation, we gave our conclusions and recommendations. Strengthen the foundation, change the project and adapt to the dimensions existing foundation! After agreeing on the cost, it was decided to build in the winter. Alexander received as a gift reinforced concrete floors, one of the leading construction teams and a house according to the project he liked, which stood on the site with exterior decoration by spring! Alexander watched every stage of construction, regularly visiting the construction site and was pleased with the result, and we were satisfied with our work. This is an individually designed Avignon project, implemented in stone technology with external insulation and siding!
What was done
Each house is a separate story of creation and implementation! Once we built a house for good people and they recommended us to someone else good man! Rumyantsev Andrey came to our company with a desire to replace the old country house to build a one-story spacious country house with a fireplace for warm family evenings... It was decided to build the house from aerated concrete blocks so that the future country handsome man would please the owner for decades! The customer voiced his wishes for finishing - and we, in turn, brought everything to life. Thanks to the detailed visualization of the project, each element of the exterior decoration is a member of a friendly ensemble! Bavarian masonry, as the final stage of exterior decoration, looks noble and thorough. Without a doubt, such a tandem - aerated concrete and brick can be safely called the best solution in the field of stone housing construction - warm, affordable, beautiful, reliable. Modern technologies have stepped forward so much that such unique configurations become available in a short time, because we built this project during the winter months. The main thing is to have the necessary knowledge and constantly replenish their stock!
What was done
Project: the project of a European company was taken as a basis and was adapted to the site and the wishes of the Customer's family, a terrace and a patio were proposed, taking into account the cardinal directions on the Customer's site.
foundation: based on geology and the architect's calculations, the house was built on a pile-grid foundation.
ceilings: basement - reinforced concrete monolithic; interfloor - wooden on beams with a sound insulation device of 150 mm.
box: walls made of aerated concrete blocks, laying with masonry glue. Windows are made to order with one-sided lamination, installation on site.
roof: metal tile.
exterior finish: the walls are insulated with basalt facade insulation and plastered. Based on the visualization, facade panels were added under the Tolento stone. The enclosing elements of the terrace, balcony made of wood, made on site, based on the TK-visualization, painted. Roof overhangs are hemmed with spotlights in the color of the roof.
Vladimir Murashkin, The owner of the house "individual 8x9m" House options: |
What was done
When Customers come to us with bright, modern ideas for a future home, we light up doubly! After all, working on a new stylish project is always interesting and a challenge, how to implement all the bold ideas from a constructive point of view, what materials to use? Vladimir bought a plot with picturesque views of the Oka River! Such a view could not be ignored, so a dizzying terrace (51.1m2) and a large balcony, focused on beauty, became an indispensable attribute of the future home! Vladimir wanted to relax in nature in wooden house, and it was necessary to build a house in a short time and the frame construction technology became the ideal solution for such tasks! If we are different, then in everything! The house was made even more spectacular by the vertical finish with an imitation of durable larch timber, painted in natural shades with an accentuated wood texture. Complement the modern look of the house - windows with lamination! It turned out to be an excellent country house, with zest and at the same time incredibly functional.
Most contracting organizations are persistently instilling in people's minds the opinion that it is cheapest to build a country house from a foam block. To test this statement, you should not rush to order a project. Practice shows that the cost of housing construction is not affordable for every developer. Therefore, the need for economical spending of finances comes to the fore. Before deciding to build a turnkey house, you should study the features of foam concrete, learn how to correctly calculate the estimate. Read about how to build an extension to a house from foam blocks.
The main items of expenditure that affect the calculation of construction:
1. Architectural plan - Development and approval of documentation is carried out in the relevant government bodies. The total cost of the service depends on total area and the number of floors in the building. The initial price of the project is 15,000 rubles.
2. Arrangement of the foundation - Since foam concrete has a low mass of blocks, the construction does not require the creation of a powerful buried foundation. When laying the foundation of a one-story building, you can get by with a lightweight structure with reinforcing cage. Materials will cost inexpensively - 120,000 - 150,000 rubles, depending on the region.
3. Basement construction - 5-6 foam blocks 20 × 30 × 50 cm in size will be required in height. This is approximately 50,000.
4. Wall masonry - To build cottage, you will need 14-15 rows of blocks - the cost is 120,000 - 130,000. To correctly calculate the number of elements, you must remember to exclude the area of \u200b\u200bwindows and doors.
5. Roof frame - the cost is usually 5% of the estimate.
6. Mortar - A bag of cement M400 with a volume of 50 kg costs an average of 250-300 rubles. It will take about 100 packages to fill the foundation and build a house, which will eventually cost 30,000. High-quality building sand is cheap - 350-500 rubles per cubic meter.
Experts recommend calculating the approximate costs for the house, considering the box, foundation and frame under the roof as a whole. Average price per square meter it turns out 13,000 - 16,000 excluding work. It usually lays 30% of the cost of building materials.
Additional costs for building a house:
- Communications - summing up and distributing pipelines of sewerage systems, water and gas supply.
- Separating elements - in the house you need to accurately calculate the number of partitions, doors, windows.
- Facing - the calculation takes into account the prices of materials for finishing the facade and internal surfaces of the building.
- Thermal insulation - the choice of insulation for walls and ceilings.
Preliminary calculations show that it is possible to build an economy class house from turnkey foam blocks at a minimum cost of 800,000 rubles. Since the work is stretched over several months, you need to be prepared for possible changes in prices in the building materials market.
The main cost is the purchase of building materials. To calculate the cost of building a house from foam concrete, you must first find out the number of elements along the perimeter of the building. Then determine the number of foam concrete blocks for internal partitions. The initial data is the length, height, thickness of the walls of the building, as well as the parameters of the blocks.
As an example, consider a simple house made of foam blocks 10 × 10 in size and 3 m high. Dimensions building elements 20×30×50 cm.
- We calculate the total length of all walls: 10 × 4 = 40 m.
- The resulting value is divided by the length of one foam block: 40 / 0.5 = 80 pcs.
It turns out that for laying one row of the house along the perimeter, 80 blocks will be required.
- Divide the height of the wall by the height of one foam concrete element: 3/0.2=15.
The calculation shows that to build a wall 3 meters high, you need to lay out 15 rows of blocks.
- We multiply the results obtained with each other: 15 × 80 = 1200 pcs.
So we find out the number of foam blocks from which you can build a box of a house of 10 × 10 m.
- We divide the area of two window and one door openings by the surface area of one block: 40 m2 / (0.2 × 0.3) m2 = 67 pcs.
- We make adjustments to the total amount of foam concrete material: 1200-67 = 1133 pcs.
- We multiply the number of foam blocks by the average price of one unit: 1133 × 100 = 113,300 rubles.
The disadvantage of building modules is considered to be weak strength. Therefore, when purchasing, you should take 2-3 dozen foam blocks in reserve. This will help compensate for possible defects in the processing of elements.
Conclusion. To build the outer walls of a house from foam concrete blocks, you will have to spend about 120,000 rubles.
How to save money on building a house from turnkey foam concrete blocks?
- In order to make the correct calculation and buy the exact amount of materials, it is important to take into account all the parameters of the object being built: dimensions, number of storeys, number of openings, the presence of a basement.
- Prices for the construction of houses from blocks directly depend on the size and density of the base material. The cost of foam blocks for walls ranges from 80-120 rubles. Modules for interior partitions are thinner, so their prices are lower - 60-90. Large bulk purchases also reduce the cost of foam blocks.
- To build a multi-level structure, floors made of strong concrete slabs are used. V two-story house from foam blocks you can get by with a tree.
- You can additionally reduce costs by self-delivery of foam blocks and consumables.
- It is also inexpensive to build a house from foam blocks with your own hands on a turnkey basis. By refusing to work with contractor teams, you can save 25-30% of total amount expenses.
Features of building a house from foam concrete
1. For the construction of residential buildings, modules with a size of 200 × 300 × 600 mm and a mass of about 10 kg are best suited. Such blocks have an optimal length that allows you to save on quantity. The width is quite suitable for building a house in places with a cold climate. To insulate walls made of foam concrete from the outside, it is enough to use a thermal insulator with a thickness of 0.5-1 cm.
2. To check the quality of the foam blocks for hardness, you need to rub two fragments against each other. Good material shouldn't crumble. You should also pay attention to the chipping of the foam block. The shape of the cells should be spherical, not oval.
3. To check the foam blocks for geometry, connect two modules together. Flat surfaces save on joint mortar.
4. Between the foundation and the first row of foam blocks should be laid waterproofing membrane. This will protect the foundation of the house from groundwater and increase its operational life.
5. It is considered normal to lay out 4-5 rows of foam blocks per shift. In order not to overwork during work, it is advisable to call one or two people for help.
6. Every two rows of blocks, reinforcement is made with steel bars. This strengthens the structure and protects the walls from cracking.
7. Instead of a concrete solution, special glue can be used to connect the foam blocks. This will slightly increase the cost of construction. But such a step will help reduce laying time and save on insulation. The minimum thickness of adhesive joints makes them almost invisible on the wall surface.
small frame houses are in steady demand. It has not changed for two decades. These cottages account for about 30% of all sales in construction companies.
Despite their modest size, such buildings can stand out with a spectacular appearance and have no less efficiency than large buildings.
When choose house designs up to 50 sq m?
There are several reasons why people opt for small cottages.
- Land plot of limited area.
Country plots of 4-6 acres are by no means uncommon. For such a land allotment, a cottage sized 6x6 or 6x7 is the best suited. It does not take up much space, it can fit into any corner and there will be enough space for beds or a garden.
- Financial difficulties.
Often, customers do not want to spend a lot of money buying a country house. For such people, there are special ultra-budget projects. They can be purchased for 200-300 thousand rubles. Such an amount will not punch holes in family budget and will not force you to take an “expensive” loan.
- There is no desire to live outside the city in winter.
If you plan to use the cottage only in spring and summer, then there is not much point in spending extra money ordering the construction of an expensive house. For summer use, a small cottage with a minimum set of amenities is quite enough.
What layout is used in cottages with a size of 50 square meters?
The small size did not limit the flight of architectural thought. Naturally, there are fewer layout options than larger buildings, but there is a certain variability.
For one-story project uses a simple but effective layout. It includes a living room combined with a kitchen and a small bedroom. Sometimes a pantry is created in which garden tools are stored.
When it comes to a two-story building, a studio is made on the lower floor, combining a kitchen, dining room and living room. The top floor is reserved for one or two bedrooms.
However, there are also unusual projects in which all effective area is a single space.
If you decide to build a house from aerated concrete, then you have three options, the first of which is to completely entrust the work to professionals, the second is to build it yourself, the third is to partially hire experienced workers.
To the question “how much does an aerated concrete house cost”, we will try to give an extensive answer, which should help you decide on the appropriateness of the choice, when compared with others. building materials, such as brick, ceramics, wood concrete and others.
The construction of a house consists of many stages, but in short, the foundation, the box, the roof. We will describe the construction in more detail, and indicate the approximate cost of materials and work, although prices can vary greatly in different regions of the country.
Every building starts with house project
and soil research, surveyors are engaged in such work.
They take a soil sample from a depth of a couple of meters, and determine optimal foundation necessary for future construction. Also, builders need a change house - a room for storing materials, tools, clothes and other necessary things.
If you already have such a room on the site, then you will save a little. If it is not there, then you can rent a change house (trailer) for 50-200 dollars a month.
The foundation for a house made of aerated concrete, prices
Approximate cost of foundations for a house 10x10 m.
- Monolithic (slab) - 400 - 600 tr.
- Tape buried - 200 - 300 tr.
- Tape shallow-depth - 170 tr.
- Pile-grillage - 200t.r.
The most expensive is monolithic, for example, a 10 by 10 meter slab will cost about 500 tr. This includes all work and materials. If you do all the work yourself, the materials will take about 200-250 tr.
To simplify, we will carry out all calculations for a house of 10 by 10 meters with an attic. We will calculate the roof separately below in the article.
The perimeter of the outer walls of the house - 40 meters
40 * 2.5 - 20 \u003d 80 m2 - the area of \u200b\u200bthe external walls of the first floor, taking into account windows and doors.
40 * 1.5 \u003d 60 m2 - the approximate area of \u200b\u200bthe walls of the attic and gables.
The area of bearing walls is 160 m2. of which the area of external walls is 140 m2.
The approximate area of partitions in the house is 50 m2.
The number of cubes of aerated concrete for load-bearing walls is 160 m2 * 0.375 = 60 m3.
The number of cubes of aerated concrete for internal partitions with a thickness of 20 cm is 50 * 0.2 = 10 m3.
The cost of aerated concrete for load-bearing walls is 60 * 3000 = 180,000 rubles.
The cost of aerated concrete for internal walls is 10 * 3000 = 30,000 rubles.
The total cost of aerated concrete is 210,000 rubles.
Number of glue bags 25 kg for masonry, with the calculation of 1.5 bags per cube of aerated concrete - 60 + 10 * 1.5 = 105 bags.
The cost of a bag of glue (25 kg) is 250 rubles per bag.
The total cost of glue is 105 * 250 = 26,250 rubles.
If you plan to use aerated concrete 20 cm thick, then the cost of gas blocks will be reduced by half, as well as glue.
Calculation of reinforcement for reinforcement of aerated concrete
Rebar for every 4th row of blocks
Number of reinforced rows - 5
Rebars in a row - 4
Reinforcement thickness - 8 mm.
Reinforcement perimeter - 50 m2.
The total length of the reinforcement with a margin - 5 * 4 * 50 = 1000m.
The cost of fittings is 15,000 rubles.
The cost of glue for fittings is 2000 rubles.
The average price of an armored belt, taking into account materials and work, is about 1,500 rubles per linear meter, along our house perimeter, an armored belt will cost about 75,000 rubles.
Ceilings in houses made of aerated concrete, price
The cost of materials for floors 100 m2:
- Wooden - 50,000 rubles.
- Aerated concrete slabs 250,000 rubles
- Hollow concrete slabs (terriva) - 120,000 rubles.
- Monolithic reinforced concrete floors - 250,000 rubles.
Roofing on a house made of aerated concrete
Depending on the angle of the roof slope, the roof area will be from 120 to 150 m2 .
Rafter system - 100 tr.
Roofing material - 70-200 tr.
Roof insulation with mineral wool - 20 - 50 tr.
The rafter system includes: Mauerlat, rafter beams, rafters, counter-lattice, crate.
Roofing materials include: waterproofing, vapor-permeable membrane, and the roof itself, including ebbs, ridge and other drainage elements. Slate, ondulin, metal tile, flexible tile, ceramic tile can act as a roofing material.
Since the main heat loss occurs on the roof, its insulation with mineral wool is simply necessary. The required thickness of the insulation is 10-20 cm.
Rockwool stone wool square, 100 mm thick. will cost 120 rubles.
150 squares of cotton wool will cost from 20 to 40 tr. depending on thickness.
The cost of stages and materials for a house made of aerated concrete
- Foundation - 200-400 tr.
- Aerated concrete - 210,000 rubles.
- Glue for aerated concrete - 26,000 rubles.
- Reinforcement for masonry - 15,000 rubles.
- Armopoyas - 40,000 rubles.
- Overlap - from 50 to 250 tr.
- Roofing - from 200 to 400 tr.
Thus, materials for a house made of aerated concrete without communications, internal and exterior finish will cost about 800,000 - 1,300,000 rubles. If you hire / rent special equipment and workers, then the cost of the house will increase by about one and a half to two times.
Also, do not forget about the interior and exterior decoration of your home. The most economical option for exterior decoration is siding, the price of which is about 400 r / m2.
The cost of aerated concrete house
- The main characteristics of Venezuela: territory, population, natural resources, industrial potential
- Personal account Konga - online loan service Kongo zaim personal account
- British pound sterling - history of currency, banknotes and coins
- What currency do you need in Italy: important information for tourists