How to use car tires in construction. Do-it-yourself tire foundation
The foundation serves as the basis of any engineering structure. The cost of erecting the underground part of the building takes up a fourth of all construction costs. An interesting, cost-effective solution is the construction of a base from automobile tires.
The technology of its laying does not require special experience and skills. In this article, we will consider how to build a foundation from tires with our own hands, its types, advantages, disadvantages.
For what buildings use the base of the tires
The foundation on tires is not suitable for every housing construction.
Before deciding to use this type of foundation, you need to study geological features terrain, compare the weight of the building with the bearing capacity of these products.
It is used to build the foundation:
- baths;
- gazebos;
- sheds;
- garages;
- summer kitchens;
- small light buildings.
The foundation of the tires for the gazebo, decorated with timber, natural or artificial stone, will look beautiful.
A base made from old tires is perfect for building small buildings, but can behave unpredictably when used in the construction of large objects.
Advantages
Rubber is a good shock absorber between the structure and the ground
The decay time of rubber is more than 100 years, provided that it is not exposed to ultraviolet light. This led to the idea of using rubber from old car wheels as the base of buildings.
The standard types of foundations include: slab, tape, pile grillage. Seasonal fluctuations in the soil can lead to cracks in the foundation and walls of the building. An alternative to using columnar foundations was the use of a foundation made of old tires, which, due to their elasticity, are a good shock absorber between the soil and the structure.
Advantages:
- tires serve as a buffer during soil vibrations, dampen vibrations, and protect the building from cracking;
- suitable for installation in seismically unstable areas;
- serve as a reliable barrier to moisture penetration;
- cheap and easy material to install.
When laying, it is important to cover the rubber with a thick layer of earth or roofing felt so that no harmful substances are released and the material does not decay when exposed to sunlight.
Do-it-yourself columnar base device
Consider how to make a foundation of tires with your own hands. Service stations store old wheels. Tires are available free of charge or for a nominal fee. It is better to choose dense products of a larger section, ideally these should be tractor tires.
Preparatory stage
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The first stage of construction is the preparation of a project and an estimate.
We calculate the load of the building, taking into account the weight building materials, objects, people, the maximum layer of snow that can lie on the roof in winter.
Snow load is determined by the map and depends on the climatic zone.
We determine the type of soil, the depth of the location of underground sources.
We make a drawing of housing construction on paper. We mark the location of the tires in the corners and at the intersections of the supporting structures. We divide the distance between these points into equal parts so that the tires are located in increments of 2 to 3 m.
DIY device
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When all the loads are calculated, there is a project, an informed decision is made to use this type of foundation, we invite an assistant and proceed to work.
Measures for the device of a point foundation:
- We are preparing the construction site. We remove garbage, remove fertile soil.
- If the base is buried, then dig a pit or well for installing tires.
- We drive in the pegs, according to the location on the drawing. We check that they are installed in the same plane, we measure the diagonals.
- We put tires on installed bars or put them in wells.
- Align the outer surface of the tires so that they are located in one line.
- We fill the inside of the tires and the distances between them with crushed stone, gravel or other dense material.
- To get an analogue of bored piles, fill the inside of the tire with concrete mortar. Until the cement is completely dry, we periodically moisten it, cover it with polyethylene.
- We cover car tires with roofing material.
- We mount the formwork from boards 100-150 mm in height. For greater strength, we lay reinforcement inside, fill it with concrete. For information on how to fill the tires under the foundation, see this video:
With proper installation, this type of foundation will last from 50 to 100 years. This type of foundation does not require deepening below the freezing point of the soil.
The device of the tiled base from tires
The tire slab foundation is a reliable foundation that can withstand fluctuations in unstable soil, mounted deep or elevated, suitable for areas with high groundwater levels.
Device steps:
- The soil layer is removed to a depth of 20-30 cm. The construction site is leveled on a horizontal plane using a level.
- We lay the tires close to each other over the area of the construction site, in one or more layers. The larger their diameter and height, the better the cushioning and waterproofing properties of the material.
- We fill the inside of the tires and the distance between them with crushed stone, gravel, the remains of a dense building material, and tamp. Fill with cement mortar of sour cream consistency.
- We spread the roofing material over the entire area of \u200b\u200btires with a margin on the sides.
- We mount formwork along the perimeter of load-bearing walls and partitions from boards 100-150 mm high. We fill it with fittings.
- Pour the concrete solution, cover with polyethylene, periodically moisten. For details on building a foundation for a frame barn, see this video:
When laying the bottom row, we make sure that the tires are in a horizontal plane, if this is neglected, then it will be very difficult to correct the defect. We arrange the last row according to the level, otherwise the base will be uneven.
The foundation of automobile tires does not require maintenance; during installation, it is required to close it from exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
The foundation is the basis of any structure, from a small outbuilding to a solid house. The reliability and durability of the erected structure depends on its quality, therefore, large material resources are always required for the construction of the foundation. More recently, car tires have been used for this purpose. The construction of such a base is available to every owner, as it does not require special knowledge and skills, and tires can be purchased without unnecessary financial investments. However, experts limit the scope of this material.
In what cases is the foundation of tires used?
Professional masters who are engaged in the construction of foundations and analyze the behavior of a particular material during operation have concluded that the foundation of tires is unable to cope with the load from the walls of large buildings. Therefore, it is recommended to use used tires in such cases:
- During the construction of a country house one-story house, the walls of which are planned to be built from a wooden beam.
- When erecting frame structures with a small total mass.
- For arrangement on suburban area buildings for household and household purposes, including sheds, summer kitchens and toilets.
- During the construction of baths and saunas.
- When building a base for a gazebo.
- As a base for a fence.
For the construction of capital structures, it is better not to use used tires, as this can cause unpleasant consequences.
Pros and cons of a tire foundation
Basis from car tires has a lot of advantages:
- The minimum cost for the purchase of material. Used tires can be purchased at service stations, in auto repair shops.
- High strength characteristics. The foundation of tires is able to compensate for any movement of weak and unstable soils.
- The ability to withstand significant loads, up to several tons.
- Excellent waterproofing properties. The support of automobile tires will reliably protect the main structure from the negative effects of soil moisture.
- The foundation of tires will reduce the impact of the soil during temperature changes.
- The possibility of construction without the involvement of professional builders and a large number of people.
- Long service life.
- Convenient transport thanks to light weight material.
Among the shortcomings, one can be singled out, but a significant point: under the influence of sunlight and at elevated temperatures, car tires emit toxic substances and a synthetic smell into the atmosphere. However, it should be noted that a problem of this kind is solved by isolating the material with heat-resistant paint.
A set of necessary tools and materials
To build a foundation from used car tires, you should prepare tools for work in advance:
- Shovel and rake.
- Soil compaction device.
- Building level.
Also, for the construction of a foundation of this type, it is necessary to prepare the following materials on the site:
- Tires directly.
- Sand and gravel.
- Whole or defective bricks.
- Boards or plywood for the manufacture of formwork.
- Available waterproofing material, roofing material is most often taken.
- Bars of metal fittings.
Types of tire foundations and stages of their construction
Despite the high bearing capacity, it is better to build a foundation made of tires for lightweight buildings. Depending on the method of laying and placing the elements, two types of bases are distinguished: slab and columnar. In the first case, the tires are distributed over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe proposed foundation, tightly laying the elements. The second type involves the construction of original columnar supports from tires, followed by filling their internal space with concrete mortar.
When building a foundation from car tires, it is important to select elements of the same brand and size. In this case, you can get a reliable and durable design.
Construction of slab-type foundations from tires
A slab-type base from used tires can be made according to the following scheme:
- The site is being prepared for construction. In the process, old structures, large debris, trees and excess vegetation are removed.
- Remove the top fertile layer. The optimum depth of the excavated soil is 15 cm.
- Level the site, checking its horizontalness using the building level.
- Tires are laid, pressing tightly against each other. To get a stronger foundation for the future structure, it is recommended to lay the tires in two layers.
- They cover the inside of the tires with gravel or brick fragments, as well as the free space between them. At the same time, the space inside the tires is filled by 85 percent. It should also be remembered that the use of sand as a filling material is undesirable. This can cause shrinkage of the base and deformation of the main building.
- A waterproofing material is laid on top of the tires, most often roofing material or linoleum sheets are used at this stage.
- Formwork is mounted along the perimeter of the resulting base, using pre-prepared boards or plywood for this. It is best to put together shields from these materials, this will facilitate both the assembly of the formwork structure and its dismantling. The formwork should have a height of 10-15 centimeters.
- Inside the formwork, bars of metal reinforcement are placed directly on the waterproofing layer, connected into a grid with a certain mesh size. In this case, the rods must be connected with soft wire; in this case, it is not recommended to use welding. Reinforcement metal frame will make the foundation stronger and more reliable.
- The entire structure is poured with concrete mortar, for the manufacture of which high-quality cement, fine sifted sand and tap water are used.
- The concrete is carefully leveled and left to dry completely.
- The formwork structure is dismantled.
Tire pier foundation
The columnar base made from used car tires is resistant to any ground movement, which allows it to be used in regions with high seismic activity.
For self-construction of a columnar foundation from tires, you can use the following scheme:
- At the construction site, a foundation pit is being prepared for the foundation, its depth should not exceed 40 cm. The bottom is carefully leveled and tamped with a manual device.
- Equip a waterproofing pad of sand or fine gravel and carefully compact it.
- According to the building plan, pegs are placed on the site, marking the places where it is planned to place columnar supports made of tires.
- Car tires are installed, while controlling the location of the peg directly in the center of the element.
- Installed columnar supports are leveled in height using a building level, a rule or a long board.
- The inside of the tires is filled with rubble, construction waste or brick fragments. In this case, 5 cm should be left unfilled.
- The filler is moistened and poured with concrete mixture. Fill the remaining space with gravel, leveling the surface of all tires.
- The posts are left until the concrete is completely dry. As a protection against cracking, you can use a plastic film; it covers the columnar supports from automobile tires.
- Mount the strapping from the timber.
The foundation of automobile tires can be called the simplest option for the foundation for small buildings for household and household purposes. Simple installation and operation make such a base popular among private developers. In addition, the tire foundation perfectly protects the structure from soil moisture and prevents its deformation under the influence of various soil movements. The main condition for the installation process is compliance with the rules for laying tires and the sequence of actions.
As a rule, people who are independently engaged in the construction of a house and other outbuildings, are interested in minimizing the cost of conducting construction works. As you know, a very large part of the money is spent on. That is why, at present, there is increasing interest in the foundation of tires - a solution that involves the use, according to by and large, free material. However, one should not think that tires alone will be enough for work.
The foundation of automobile tires is able to withstand huge loads.
Features, advantages and disadvantages of the foundation of car tires
The foundation of any structure, whether it be a house, a bathhouse, a fence or anything else, is its foundation, on which the future of the constructed objects completely depends. The amount of expenses for their construction, further maintenance and repair directly depend on the correctness of the calculation and manufacture of any courtyard building. To date, the foundation of car tires is a very interesting, inexpensive and environmentally friendly solution. To build such a foundation, you will need used tires and a minimum set of tools, which will significantly reduce the cost of building a reliable and high-quality foundation.
In accordance with modern eco-technologies, car tires are used to build frames for concrete foundations. Why rubber tires? First of all, rubber decomposes in the ground very slowly - more than a century, and this is more than enough for a long and effective use. The second factor is the excellent insulating qualities of car tires, since rubber does not absorb moisture from the soil.
If you follow all the rules and clearly adhere to the technology, you can quickly, efficiently and competently build an excellent one at minimal cost.
One of the main advantages of these types of bases is that they cope remarkably well with any oscillatory loads acting on them.
These are excellent foundations for small and light structures located both on private plots and in industrial areas.
Tire foundations have many distinctive advantages, namely:
Advantages of car tire foundations: durability, wear resistance, economy.
- if cracks appear on similar types of underground foundations due to mechanical vibrations, then the foundations of automobile tires cope with their functions without the formation of such;
- durability, excellent elasticity and material availability;
- amazing seismic resistance and shock absorption;
- ease of erection, saving labor costs, reliability and efficiency;
- car tires do not harm the environment.
The only disadvantage of used tire foundations is that they are too wide for wall bearing structures. This, in turn, creates certain difficulties in facing and elegant and original design of additional width.
Don't be afraid to build on such foundations. This is a proven innovation that has proven to be effective and reliable.
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Rubber foundation - a reliable and practical solution
Baths are built from the foundation on rubber.
Tire foundations have proven themselves in the construction of sheds, garages, gazebos, bathhouses and other lightweight structures. Such a solution allows to minimize the costs of its implementation. As you know, a significant part of the costs is allocated specifically for the construction of foundations. That is why tire foundations are currently attracting a lot of interest, which is an excellent solution that involves the use of essentially free material on your site.
The possibility of using used car tires and tractor tires as building materials was thought about back in the late 1990s. Such a foundation allows, first of all, to save money on the purchase of building materials. It is quite simple, quick and practical to build a foundation from used tires - rubber itself is very cheap when compared with similar building materials.
The tires are remarkably durable. Here it is necessary to remember that if you close the tires with protective materials from direct sunlight, they will serve their owners for a very long time, not only for decades, but even for centuries.
Terem on the foundation of tires: 1 - concrete slab; 2 - linoleum (roofing material); 3 - tires.
Among other things, automobile tires act as intermediate waterproofing links that effectively prevent the concrete layer of the foundation from moistening. Also, rubber noticeably softens the loads from heaving soils, since it is able to dampen any kind of uneven deformations that often appear during seasonal fluctuations in air temperature. If we compare a similar base with columnar concrete foundations, it is much cheaper and more stable.
Foundations from automobile tires are built most often in areas with high seismic activity. Tires in this case act as a kind of softening pillows that protect the light structures of courtyard buildings from various harmful effects.
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Tire laying instructions
In general, it is most expedient to give a choice in favor of a foundation made of automobile tires during the rapid construction of sheds, courtyard buildings, bathhouses and garages. The base of the tires for the garage is almost no different from the foundations of other types, while the garage building on rubber is no worse than on traditionally used foundations.
Many summer residents and owners of private houses know how to independently build a tape or columnar foundation, but only those who have ever had to deal with such work in practice can answer how to build a reliable foundation from automobile tires during the construction of small structures and various outbuildings.
You can build a tire foundation yourself, but it is better to have at least 1 assistant. Old tires can be bought at any service station. They will only be happy about it, because for them it is the simplest solution to the problems associated with disposal. The only possible difficulty is the delivery of rubber to construction sites. It is best to give preference to large diameter tires, which are characterized by the highest strength. Similar rubber products for the construction of the foundation take much less.
Highly qualified specialists do not recommend experimenting with tires when building large, heavy buildings. Do not forget that the foundation is the foundation of the house, and excessive arrogance and anticipation of big savings can play a very cruel joke with you. For the construction of a strong building with a basement, it is best to use a traditional slab or strip foundation.
A wooden block will be needed to tamp the soil.
Prepare the tools and materials needed for construction, namely:
- car tires;
- shovel;
- rake;
- sand;
- gravel;
- formwork boards;
- wooden block for tamping;
- roofing material or thick linoleum.
The tire foundation is a completely new type of foundation, which can be made both under a small building and under a private house. And it can be done by hand.
Characteristics of the foundation of tires
By using recycled materials, you can significantly reduce the cost of any building, especially when it comes to such solid projects as private house or bath. This can be done well if used tires are used to build the foundation. This material has many advantages:
- long service life;
- seismic and wear resistance;
- environmental friendliness;
- availability;
- elasticity;
- ease of construction;
- no need for waterproofing;
- high reliability.
The author of the foundation of unnecessary car tires is a resident of St. Petersburg - Mikhail Semykin. This design is named after him. Initially, he used trolleybus tires for construction. After such a foundation stood for more than a year, while no changes were found in the original design, Mikhail developed a technology that he later patented. Proof of the reliability of the tire foundation is his personal three-story house with an area of 260 m 2.
Residential buildings can also be built on the foundation of tires
Tires also have one serious drawback, which, however, is quite easy to eliminate - the material at high air temperatures can release harmful substances. To avoid this, tires must be isolated from direct sunlight.
The use of this type of tires makes sense in seismic areas, on heaving soils, as well as in areas where permafrost soils are observed.
Types of foundation from tires
There are two types of arrangement of the base for buildings made of this material:
- slab;
Slab foundation can be used for solid buildings
- columnar.
A columnar foundation made of tires is suitable for not very heavy buildings, for example, for a bath
The differences lie in the fact that in the first case, tires are laid over the entire area of the site for construction. In the second, only separate pillars are made of tires, on which wooden beams are subsequently laid out. It is the columnar foundation that is more reliable, so it can be safely mounted in regions with seismic activity.
Photo gallery: using a tire foundation for different types of buildings
Even heavy log houses can be built on a foundation made of tires. A timber bath looks great on a foundation made of tires. Frame structures are lightweight, so they are often put on tires
For change houses and utility blocks, the foundation of tires is the second most popular after concrete blocks
Tire foundation: step-by-step installation instructions
Making a Semykin foundation with your own hands is quite simple. But remember that for this you need to bring a large number of car tires to your site.
Foundation for a residential building
This type of foundation is a slab over the entire area of the site allocated for construction. The sequence of work is as follows:
- Cleaning the site from debris, vegetation. Particular attention should be paid to the removal of tree roots. The fertile soil layer must be removed (about 20–30 cm).
- Laying tires in two layers. This is necessary to increase the strength of the foundation.
Tires can be laid on sand or directly on the ground
- Backfilling of voids between tires with fractional material. You also need to fill the internal voids of each tire, but not completely.
The internal cavities of the tires must be filled with sand or gravel.
- Flooring waterproofing material. They can serve as roofing material or linoleum.
- Installation of shield formwork. It must be removable. You need to install it around the perimeter of the foundation. The height of the finished formwork should be at least 10 cm.
- Formwork reinforcement. Related fittings must be laid directly on the waterproofing layer.
- Filling formwork with concrete mix. It is made from cement, sand and a small amount of water.
Formwork must be placed around the perimeter of the foundation
- Formwork dismantling. This can be done only after the final hardening of the concrete.
Video: construction of a slab foundation from tires
The basis for a bath and other small buildings
This type of tire foundation is recommended to be mounted under light structures, such as a bathhouse or a barn. It is the columnar foundation that can become optimal solution on unnecessarily heaving soils or in areas with high seismic activity.
To build a columnar foundation, you need to perform several actions:
- Construction of a pit. To do this, the surface of the site must be leveled, covered with sand or fine gravel. This pillow must be properly tamped.
Before starting work from the site, it is necessary to remove all vegetation and remove the top layer of soil
- Territory marking. To do this, you need to use pegs.
- Car tire fitting. This should be done so that each peg is located in the center of the tire.
- Column alignment. The building level will help with this.
- Filling voids. Fine gravel or brick battle is ideal here.
Horizontal timber piping is laid on the pillars of tires
Video: Semykin's do-it-yourself columnar foundation
The secrets of building a foundation from tires
In order for such a foundation to stand for a long time, there are certain rules, the observance of which is mandatory:
- it is not recommended to use a tire foundation for the construction of massive buildings made of brick or concrete blocks;
- the foundation of tires should be shallow;
- tires must be laid strictly horizontally, therefore, when installing the first row, their position must be carefully controlled by the building level;
- if desired, the protruding parts of the foundation can be lined with decorative material;
- Tire diameter should be as large as you can find, as larger tires are more durable.
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Most developers planning to build country house want to reduce construction costs. It is known that a significant part of the construction costs are the costs of building the foundation. Wanting to minimize costs, people pay attention to, in practice, free material- used stingrays. The tire foundation is an original solution, the effectiveness of which is confirmed by the experience of operating buildings erected by private developers.
However, to ensure the reliability of the building under construction, high-quality concrete mortar and crushed stone will be required, tires alone are not enough. It is important to master the technology of performing work using this exotic material.
In the article, we will consider how to form a reliable foundation of tires with our own hands, dwell on its advantages and disadvantages.
To date, of particular interest is the laying of the foundation of tires
Types of bases based on slopes
Until recently, the idea of placing a building on tires could cause an ambiguous smile. However, today new technology is gradually being introduced into the field of private construction and allows you to make a foundation of tires in one of the following options:
- with the use of automobile tires to form a solid base poured with concrete over the entire area of \u200b\u200bthe building;
- on the basis of tires installed as separate supporting elements for the house, located at the corner points of the building, as well as in areas where load-bearing walls intersect, where significant loads act.
The slab-type base is built from pre-filled with crushed stone and concreted car tires, installed in two tiers on a pre-prepared construction site from which the fertile layer of soil is removed, there are no remains of roots, debris, large stony inclusions. The technology for performing work on preparing the base provides for filling the cavities inside and between the slopes with fragments of brick, stone, fine gravel.
There is also a minus of the foundation of automobile tires - if the tires are on the surface of the earth, they are capable of releasing harmful substances
The exception is sand, which causes significant settlement of the foundation. A solid base is formed by pouring a concrete solution into the formwork installed around the perimeter of the building. The slopes are pre-closed with roofing material. Before concreting, the structure can be reinforced with a reinforcing cage.
The columnar base has significant differences from the solid one, although the preparatory stage of the work is similar. main feature a columnar base, in contrast to a tiled base, in that concrete is poured for locally located supports inside the slopes after their cavities are filled with crushed stone and compacted.
The question is legitimate, will the tire foundation withstand the weight of the structure? After all, they build houses from various materials - bricks, cellular blocks, wood, differing in mass. Will the base provide the required strength, performance and long service life of the building.
Regardless of the type of base, after pouring it must be strong, evenly absorb the forces transmitted by the structure. Consider the features.
This technology can be used in the construction of small buildings, therefore, for massive and block structures, traditional types of foundations are used.
Positives and Negatives
Different types of building materials have advantages and have their own characteristic disadvantages. The foundation for a building is no exception, the basis of which is worn tires. Consider the advantages of the construction of old tires:
- Significant savings financial resources associated with the absence of the need to use expensive building materials. Finding used rubber tires is not difficult. They are available in abundance in areas that install tires, service stations. Old tires will be happy to give away service workers, for whom your appeal is a free solution to the problem of disposal.
- Long service life of the base, built on the basis of automobile ramps. It will withstand the load of a wooden house. Despite wear and tear, old tires used for construction purposes have a significant service life and retain their qualities. Shock-absorbing properties provide invariance of coefficient of elasticity, irrespective of duration of operation of tires.
- The resistance of tires, protected from direct sunlight, to the effects of high soil moisture and repeated cycles of deep freezing, which do not affect the structure of the slopes used as the basis of the building.
- Ensuring reliable waterproofing of the building base from high soil moisture and the negative impact of the influence of closely spaced aquifers. For a house installed on a foundation of tires, moisture is not terrible. A reliable waterproofing base contributes to a favorable indoor microclimate.