Unrealized projects of RF banknotes. Banknotes love the bill Accessibility plays a big role
Last Wednesday, the US Treasury announced that renowned anti-slavery activist Harriet Tubman will be the first African American woman to appear in local currency. Her portrait will replace Andrew Jackson on the $ 20 banknote.
The ten-dollar bill will also change soon. Now it has a portrait of the First US Secretary of State Alexander Hamilton, and in 2020 it is planned to replace it with the image of a woman on the front side. These innovations will be timed to coincide with the centenary of women's suffrage. The $ 5 banknote will also be redesigned. It will feature portraits of the famous preacher Martin Luther King, Eleanor Roosevelt, American singer Marian Anderson.
Although most people do not attach any importance to the appearance of the bills they use every day, their redesign has caused a lot of controversy and controversy. In this article, you will find a selection of the most attractive banknotes from around the world.
The Norwegian government plans to introduce the updated banknotes in 2017. The national currency of this country is called the krone and looks like this:
The Icelandic crown depicts portraits of various political leaders and artists of this country:
The picture below shows the Israeli new shekel, which was introduced in December 2015. The 200 shekel banknote depicts the Jewish poet Nathan Alterman. The banknotes also contain special elements intended for visually impaired people:
Canadian banknotes are made from polymeric materials or plastic, which makes them safer and more durable. In addition, such material is easily recyclable:
At the moment, the national currency of this country is Czech crown... However, within a few years the Czech Republic plans to join the Eurozone, so the euro will soon go into circulation there:
Australia was the first country in which banknotes were made from polymer materials. This happened back in 1988. Below you can see the banknotes that depict Queen Elizabeth II, the Australian poet Banjo Paterson, the famous businesswoman Mary Reiby, the inventor David Junipon (in order from top to bottom):
In this part of Africa, the franc has been used since 1960. The banknotes have a very unusual appearance:
8. Bhutan
Ngultrum has been the national currency of Bhutan since 1974. The bill looks like this:
The national currency of Aruba since 1986 has been the florin. The external appearance of the banknote can be seen in the screenshot below:
Before the country switched to the euro in 2002, its national currency was the Dutch guilder:
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Uzbek sum became the national currency of Uzbekistan, which looks like in the figure below:
A portrait of the famous conqueror of the 13th century, Genghis Khan, adorns the 20,000 tugrik banknote:
The monetary unit of this country is the Singapore dollar. Below are banknotes which are examples of the so-called Birds series, issued between 1976 and 1984. They depict the sunbird and Singapore Changi International Airport:
Below you can see the image national currency Trinidad and Tobago. A scarlet hibiscus flower “flaunts” on the $ 50 bill, as well as a woman in a bright carnival costume celebrating the 50th anniversary of the founding of the country's Central Bank:
The 20-pound note below depicts the famous Mosque of Muhammad Ali, and back side you can see the Egyptian war chariot:
16. Uganda
The national currency of this country is the Ugandan shilling. Below is a denomination of 50,000 shillings. It features the Independence Monument, the Bwindi rainforest and the silver mountain gorilla.
The Central Bank received positive reviews from 45 thousand Russians about the new bills of 200 and 2000 rubles. The press service of the regulator told Izvestia about this. According to its representatives, the appearance of the new banknotes, reminiscent of the euro, is in line with global trends and serves, among other things, for the convenience of the visually impaired. Experts are not surprised by the positive feedback from the population about the new banknotes. According to them, banks and shops are already preparing to receive them with might and main and there is no need to wait for problems following the results of putting money into circulation in December. Experts also did not rule out that the Central Bank will think about changing the design of the entire banknote series. After all, in less than a month, Russians will have money in their wallets that look like they are from different states, reports IA PrimaMedia with reference to the Izvestia newspaper.
In October, the Central Bank gathered the opinions of 45 thousand Russians about the new banknotes, official representatives of the regulator told Izvestia. All reviews were positive, they said. The Central Bank clarified that this collection of opinions already testifies to the interest of Russians in banknotes of 200 and 2000 rubles and the formation of a positive attitude.
We saw a great interest in them from our citizens and received positive feedback, - noted in the press service of the Central Bank.
The Bank of Russia put into circulation new banknotes in denominations of 200 and 2,000 rubles on October 12, 2017. The 200 ruble denomination is made using a special polymer impregnation and coated with a protective varnish. It contains the symbols of Sevastopol - the image of the monument to the sunken ships and a view of the Tauric Chersonesos. The 2,000-ruble cotton bill depicts a bridge to Russky Island and the Vostochny Cosmodrome in the Amur Region.
According to Igor Antonov, vice-president of TKB bank, banknotes resemble euros. The press service of the Central Bank explained that the bills of 200 and 2000 rubles were made in accordance with "world trends in modern banknote design."
These are general trends in the use of bright colors and larger images, including for the convenience of using them for visually impaired people, - noted in the press service of the Central Bank. - New bills - legal remedy payment, which must be accepted in shops and service enterprises along with other banknotes of the current banknote series. Shops and businesses, realizing this, do their best to ensure that the equipment is set up in the shortest possible time.
According to Igor Antonov, banks began to prepare for accepting new banknotes in advance.
The necessary settings in cash-receiving devices, in particular ATMs and terminals, have been made, so there should be no problems with accepting new banknotes, - Igor Antonov is sure. - Despite the fact that the new banknotes have already formally entered circulation, so far, basically, they are deposited in wallets and collections. The banknotes have not yet appeared in secondary circulation.
Tamara Kasyanova, managing partner of the 2K auditing company, did not rule out that there might be some incidents with accepting new banknotes, especially in countryside... In this case, only a bank or a large store can help, she added.
According to the vice-president of SMP Bank, Roman Tsivinyuk, Russian money today is one of the most aesthetic and at the same time protected banknotes in the world, so positive reviews are quite expected.
The chief economist of Expert RA, Anton Tabakh, is also not surprised at the positive attitude of Russians towards the new banknotes. But he explained this primarily by curiosity: new notes have not appeared since 2006, except for the Sochi souvenir series. In addition, the design of the banknotes was chosen popularly by means of a vote.
Anton Tabakh suggested that the Central Bank will work out the issue of replacing the design of the entire banknote row following the example of the new banknotes. Indeed, since the introduction of 200 and 2,000 rubles bills into circulation, Russians will have banknotes in their wallets that look like they are from different countries.
According to experience, the Central Bank always thinks about this, plus changing the banknote row every 10-15 years is normal - both from the point of view of preventing counterfeiting and for better control over the turnover, - said Anton Tabakh. - Usually the replacement is gradual.
Tamara Kasyanova believes that replacing the design of the entire banknote line would be the right step.
Development should be entrusted to a team of good modern designers who have an understanding of how to solve such problems, taking into account the most progressive achievements, she suggested.
The issue of new banknotes is always of interest. But do not succumb to the first wave of excitement and purchase bills on the Internet at an inflated price. You should wait for them to be put into circulation and get them completely free of charge in a month. In addition, there is a risk of stumbling upon a fake on the Internet. It is worth noting that the Far Eastern Central Bank has already appealed to the residents of the region with an appeal not to buy new banknotes of 200 and 2000 rubles more expensive than their face value. Now on the Internet, a 200-ruble note is sold for 350 rubles, and a 2000-ruble note is sold for 2500.
For the 2018 FIFA World Cup, new banknotes will go into circulation, and all banknotes will be redesigned, most likely in the style of the recently issued 200- and 2000-ruble notes.
Arkady Trachuk, general director of Goznak, a company that has been protecting the ruble from counterfeiting for two hundred years, told RG about the fight against counterfeiters and whether cash will go out of circulation.
Arkady Vladimirovich, Goznak is preparing new commemorative banknotes for the World Cup. What is the denomination?
Arkady Trachuk: These will be banknotes in denominations of 100 rubles. I cannot name the exact date of issue of the banknotes, it will be determined by the Bank of Russia. It can be assumed that this will happen before the opening of the championship.
Is it known how much the banknote will be issued?
Arkady Trachuk: The quantity of the hundred ruble souvenir will be announced at the presentation of the banknote, which is expected at the end of May. Commemorative banknotes are made according to special principles. Their circulation is limited in advance, and, as a rule, it is relatively small.
Banknotes of 200 and 2000 rubles turned out to be so popular and rare in our wallets that they are sometimes used as souvenirs. Are we facing a shortage of new money?
Arkady Trachuk: The rarity of the new banknotes can be easily explained - there are not so many of them yet printed in comparison with the old denominations. Time will pass, there will be more and more of them, and they will gradually replace those banknotes that are in circulation today. There will be a little less than five thousandth bills, a little more - two thousandth. This is the normal and natural course of things.
Are you planning to update the entire row in a new style?
Arkady Trachuk: This will happen sooner or later. The design is the same security element of the banknote as others.
Therefore, the design has to be updated periodically.
It is likely that when updating the design of the old denominations, the style of the 200 and 2000 rubles banknotes will be taken into account.
How often are banknotes updated?
Arkady Trachuk: The protective complex is updated at least once every five years. The design is, of course, more conservative.
The current one has been in use for a long time, today's banknotes with the "urban series" are more than 20 years old, the first of them appeared in circulation in 1995. It is clear that design changes are already brewing. Another thing is that this will happen as planned, as new design options and new protective elements are ready.
The final decision on the issue, design changes and everything else rests with the Bank of Russia. And it is he who will inform about it.
Trust but verify!
Is it possible to make a bill that cannot be counterfeited?
Arkady Trachuk: We are not faced with such a task. The bills are forged as thoroughly as they will be checked.
For example, if a counterfeit is used in unprepared retail - these are markets, small stores, they will try to forge what they will most pay attention to in such conditions: watermarks, security features that change color or image, and other vivid visual elements. On the other hand, if such a counterfeit banknote is planned to be loaded into an ATM, then other, machine-readable signs will be forged, that is, those that are checked by the receiving device of this ATM.
Our challenge is to make protection as comprehensive as possible. Even if we assume that the counterfeit banknote will be accepted at some stage, it will be easily weeded out at the next step and thus will not cause significant damage.
At the same time, we should strive to ensure that even the most unprepared person, picking up a counterfeit banknote, could doubt its authenticity. By the way, our application "Banknotes 2017", which we have developed, can help him with this, which allows him to check new banknotes of 200 and 2000 rubles.
Will it be possible to check bills of other denominations?
Arkady Trachuk: Work in this direction is underway. There are many nuances here. For example, there are solutions that we could implement on sufficiently powerful mobile devices, but they are not effective enough on budget smartphones. But it is wrong to release a product that functions only on top models.
We launched the program in January 2018. We will definitely need six months to collect statistics and analyze. Some more time will be spent on revision. I would suggest that it comes about the next year. By the way, the application has been downloaded more than 4.5 million times to date.
Electronic ruble
Do you think the time will soon come when standard money will be replaced by an electronic equivalent? And will it come?
Arkady Trachuk: The story is ambiguous. For example, the same coins are already several thousand years old. In turn, electronic means of payment are just emerging; they have yet to prove their effectiveness, validity and reliability.
In my opinion, the fundamental change will be the decision of the Central Bank to issue money in electronic form - in its own name and as its obligation. When and if this happens, then it will be possible to say that, along with banknotes and coins, an equal means of payment will appear, which in the future can largely replace the existing means of payment.
On the other hand, we understand that, despite all the development of technical means, electronic means of payment are dependent on infrastructure. And she, like everything that is created by people, tends to break down, this is especially pronounced in emergency situations. And all the experience of the functioning of state institutions during various natural or man-made disasters shows that you cannot do without cash.
I do not really believe that they can be completely replaced in a reasonable time frame. non-cash instruments... This is also evidenced by statistics: the amount of cash in circulation in the world, on the contrary, is growing, annually increasing by 2-5 percent.
Minted as a keepsake
What commemorative coins are being prepared for issue?
Arkady Trachuk: First of all, I would like to mention a new commemorative coin dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Goznak. We celebrate the anniversary of the company in September.
And how does the commemorative coin go out into the world? How does it start?
Arkady Trachuk: The Bank of Russia is forming a long-term plan for the issue of coins. As part of this plan, we develop designs. Our center develops not only a "picture", but also a design concept, accompanying it with a justification of the choice made, as well as historical information.
Then all this is sent to the Bank of Russia, where there is a special commission that preliminarily considers the proposed design options, making adjustments if necessary. The final designs and characteristics of the coins are approved by the Board of Directors of the Bank of Russia.
Then a finished sample is made, which is again approved by the regulator. After that, we already start minting coins.
The finished edition of the coin is transferred to the Bank of Russia, which begins its distribution. By law, the first coin buyers are commercial banks and also Goznak. Well, then anyone can buy them.
In Russia there are prerequisites for changing the design of banknotes, said general manager Goznak. At the same time, he noted, he will make the final decision on the new appearance of the banknotes.
As Trachuk recalled, the design of the current ruble banknotes was developed in 1995-1997. According to him, the Bank of Russia will be interested in a radical change of banknotes during the next modernization of banknotes. Most likely, the design and security systems, which are currently being tested on banknotes of 200 and 2,000 rubles, will be the basis for the changes in the existing banknotes, the head of Goznak believes.
“There will certainly be changes, and, most likely, they will be based on the design and principles of creating banknotes of two hundred and two thousand rubles, but when exactly they will be, what denomination, there is no decision, and it is up to the Bank of Russia,” Trachuk added.
He also noted that the introduction of banknotes in denominations of 200 and 2,000 rubles occurs as the needs of citizens. The Central Bank does not carry out "any special measures for their rapid implementation or adherence."
According to Trachuk, the new banknotes have taken root both in the capital and in other regions and "are perceived normally in everyday circulation, because at the beginning there were some problems."
The Bank of Russia presented bills of 200 and 2,000 rubles in mid-October 2017.
The main color of the 200 ruble banknote is green. It depicts the main symbols of Sevastopol. So, on the obverse is the Monument to the Scuttled Ships, and on the reverse - a view of the Tauric Chersonesos.
The 2000th banknote is made in blue colors. On its front side there is a bridge to the Russky Island, on the back side there is the Vostochny cosmodrome in the Amur Region.
The image of the RUB (ruble symbol) on new banknotes appears in several places: on a security thread, in microimages. The denomination figures are larger than on other banknotes of the banknote series, and have a noticeable relief. This is done especially for people with impaired vision to recognize the face value. On the front side of each banknote there is a QR code containing a link to the Bank of Russia page with detailed information on decoration and security features.
“The old banknotes were developed even at the time, more than one generation of Russians has grown up with them, and of course, on the one hand, this is a familiar format for everyone. But the appearance of banknotes should still be closer to modern times, ”says an analyst at Alor Broker.
The transition to new banknotes is a rather expensive procedure, draws attention to the CEO of Mani Fanny. Only the reconfiguration of all ATMs when 4-5 new bills appear can cost 1.5-2 billion rubles.
And that's not counting the counting devices and other IT systems with which they are connected.
Earlier, the Chairman of the Bank of Russia, presenting the new banknotes, said that they were developed "in strict secrecy", as it "is necessary to counter counterfeiters."
However, in July it became known that the Bank of Russia for the first time revealed fakes. new banknote with a face value of 2000 rubles. Thus, in the second quarter of this year, 16 counterfeit banknotes of the indicated denomination were found. Based on the Central Bank's data, the 200-ruble bills have not yet been counterfeited.
According to Turchak, highly professional forgeries appear several years after the start of circulation. At the same time, Russia has one of the lowest levels of counterfeits in circulation among European countries.
In just the first six months of 2018, the Central Bank identified counterfeit banknotes on total amount 67.8 million rubles, which is 13.2 million rubles less than a year earlier.
According to Olga Skorobogatova, deputy chairman of the Central Bank, this is due to the fact that fraudsters are losing interest in counterfeiting money. In addition, the level of protection of banknotes and the awareness of the population about the signs of counterfeit banknotes have increased. Now in Russia there are 8 counterfeit banknotes per 1 million notes, she noted.
Five thousandth banknotes are most often counterfeited: 12,568 of them were identified this year. The one-thousandth bills follow - 4766 pieces.
Although in small quantities, coins with denominations of 10, 5 and 2 rubles are still forged. A total of 49 such fake coins were found.
The regulator found most of the fake money in the Central, Northwestern and Southern Federal Districts. Least of all - in the Far Eastern, Siberian and Ural districts.
The number of Russian counterfeit banknotes has been declining for several years. So, in 2015, the Central Bank discovered them in the amount of 280 million rubles, in 2016 this figure was 204 million rubles. Last year, a total of 152.3 million rubles of fake money was discovered.
The first stage of selection of symbols for new banknotes of the Bank of Russia in denominations of 200 and 2000 rubles is coming to an end. For the first time in history, the citizens of the country themselves choose what exactly will be depicted on banknotes... While the voting is underway, Lenta.ru has found out how they developed and chose the design of money for the main world currency - the dollar, the main European currency - the euro, and the Norwegian krone, which, according to the editorial board, claims to be one of the most original in terms of design ...
The spirit of Europe
When the decision was made to choose a design for the single currency of the euro area, the working group set rather strict requirements: no national or gender bias, the design should reflect European values - openness and cooperation in relations both among themselves and with the rest of the world.
In 1994, the working group was tasked with providing a list of topics that could potentially be used in the design of new banknotes. The themes were developed in close collaboration with cultural history experts, psychologists and graphic designers. The result was a long list of 18 stories that included European flora and fauna, common myths and legends, the founding fathers of Europe, and so on.
Of these, only three topics were presented to the Council of the European Monetary Institute - the predecessor of the European central bank... The short list includes "Architectural Eras and Styles of Europe", "Abstract Contemporary Design" and "Heritage of Europe". Ultimately, only the first two were selected for the competition.
In the abstract version, there were no clear requirements for the design. But if the designers chose an architectural theme, then it was required to represent a certain era on banknotes of different denominations.
For example, on a 5 euro banknote it was necessary to display the classical (antique) era, for 10 euro - the Romanesque style, for 20 euro - Gothic, the Renaissance - on a banknote of 50 euro, for 100 euro baroque and rococo were offered, a two hundred euro banknote was supposed to display the era of glass and steel, and banknotes of the highest denomination - 500 euros - were supposed to be decorated with an illustration of modern architecture of the twentieth century.
In addition, the colors and sizes for banknotes of all denominations were predetermined, as well as some mandatory elements for placement: denomination designation, 12 stars symbolizing the unity of the EU countries, the abbreviation of the European Central Bank in five language versions, as well as the signature of the head of the ECB.
Only designers selected by the heads of the national central banks of the eurozone countries were allowed to participate in the competition. Each state could present no more than three artists, who were given seven months to offer their own design options for banknotes of all denominations, and either in one of the styles (architecture or contemporary art), or in two at once.
Acceptance of works was completed on September 13, 1996. To this day, 29 designers and design teams have submitted 44 sets of potential future money. Of these, 27 were dedicated to architectural eras, and 17 - to modern design.
Each kit was assigned a three-digit number. A jury formed from independent experts in Marketing, Design, Art History, chose five series of banknotes in each of two themes.
The next stage is a public opinion poll: 2000 people from different countries who were going to join the euro zone answered 30 questions.
In the end, the winner was determined: Austrian Robert Kalina. And although he did not receive the most votes in the poll (23 percent versus 35 percent for the favorite), more than 75 percent of those surveyed agreed that his design best reflects the European spirit.
American history of money
Everyone is familiar with green bills with presidents, but not everyone knows that dollars acquired their current appearance relatively recently - in the 20s of the last century.
Since then, the American Treasury has been actively using green paint in the design of money. On the one hand, for security reasons (old-style banknotes were black and white, they were easily forged with the help of cameras - they were filmed, printed and cut), on the other, for psychological reasons (green is considered the color of optimism and reliability).
Before unification, dollars were completely different. The first bills were issued by the Continental Congress in the 18th century. They were beige with a black border and the words "United States of North America" written on them. The banknote depicted a pyramid of 13 steps - one for each state that is part of the young state.
The United States expanded in new territories, and each state printed its own dollars. This continued until the Civil War. Wherein exchange rates dollars of different states differed. In particular, those printed in New York were more expensive than those printed in Tennessee. The design was also different. The emblem of the bank was placed on them, which printed banknotes, denomination and some kind of image. For example, the Statue of Liberty or cotton plantations (it was relevant for the southern states).
At various times, American money featured bison ($ 10 in 1901), eagles ($ 1,000 in 1918), Indians ($ 5 in 1899), and even US First Lady Martha Washington ($ 1 in 1886). Gradually, banknotes acquired a modern look. In 1862, President Abraham Lincoln appeared on $ 10 (he later migrated to the five-dollar bill).
Design American money constantly changing. The range of colors is becoming more complex, protection systems are being improved, the number of artistic elements is increasing or decreasing. By 2020, new 20, 10 and 5 US dollars will be introduced into circulation.
The $ 20 bill was dedicated to Harriet Tubman, a black woman who fought against slavery and for the equality of women. Her portrait of Tubman will be placed on the front of the bill. The back will continue to feature the White House and the image of President Andrew Jackson.
The new 10-dollar bill will be dedicated to the history of the suffragette movement. Against the background of the Treasury will portray such figures as Lucretia Mott, Sojourner Coward, Susan Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Alice Paul. Seven years before the adoption of the 19th amendment to the US Constitution (which gave women the right to participate in elections), activists held a rally on the steps of the Ministry of Finance building.
Five dollars will tell about historical events at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington. In 1939, while the capital's concert halls were still divided along racial lines, black opera singer Marian Anderson, who advocated the expansion civil rights, with the support of First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, sang there in front of 75 thousand listeners. In 1963, Black Rights activist Martin Luther King delivered his historic I Have a Dream speech there.
The US Treasury Department made a decision on the new design of banknotes taking into account the opinion of the Americans: thousands of people sent their proposals in response to a request to participate in the selection of historical figures and events that could be placed on the new banknotes.
Pixel Revolution
One of the most original design options was chosen by the Norwegian National Bank.
Norwegian kroner looks quite traditional today. They depict famous citizens of the country: the artist Edvard Munch (the author of the famous painting "The Scream"), the writer Sigrid Undset (Nobel Prize laureate in literature in 1928) and others.
By 2017, the design will be radically redesigned. Back in 2014, the Central Bank of Norway announced a competition for a new design. The main theme is the sea. Each denomination has its own nautical motive: 50 kronor should show the sea that unites the Norwegians; 100 kroons - the sea connecting Norway with the outside world; 200 kroons - the sea feeding people; 500 kroons - the sea as a source of wealth; and, finally, 1000 kronor - the sea that carries the country into the future.
It is noteworthy that two design studios were recognized as winners of the competition - The Metric System and Snohetta Design. An original decision was made: the image developed by the first company will be placed on the front side of the banknotes, the second - on the back.
The Metric System used traditional motives: a lighthouse, a boat, a storm, and so on. Snohetta Design has adopted an abstract pixelated (or digital) style: traditional drawings are blurred and turned into 8-bit paintings.