Keeping records in 1s unitary enterprise. Accounting
13.03.2017
Between "1C: UPP" and "1C: Accounting" you can find significant differences during use. Let's look at some of them:
- Differences in the design of report types ( accounting reports in UPP, they have a more modest design compared to reports in BP, which are equipped with a bright header and many additional settings);
- The difference in the design of document journals (the names and composition of journals will be quite unusual for accountants compared to BP);
- Additional search fields were implemented on the forms of document journals.
Let's look at the differences "1C:UPP" And "1c accounting" at a technical level, to technical features that may have an impact on accounting. We will also consider alternative means proposed by 1C: SCP.
The most fundamental difference is observed in the principles of accounting in the SCP and BP for an accountant: there is a limitation when reflecting business transactions"Accounting references". Some companies build their accounting on the use of "Operations" - this is because SCP uses accounting registers, in addition to accounting registers. In SCP, specialized documents are used to carry out operations.
For example, to reflect the interest on the loan, accountants turn to the operation and indicate the correspondence Dt91 Kt76, however, with this approach, the register of mutual settlements with counterparties in 1C: UPP will not be used, the document for the sale of goods and services will be used.
It is worth noting that the operation document can be used, but only in conjunction with the register adjustment document, which can be a problem for an unprepared user.
There are also some differences in the accounting of subcontos for certain accounting accounts, and the necessary information cannot be obtained in the usual ways.
For example, account 60 does not contain the 3rd subaccount "Documents of settlements with counterparties", which is reflected in the BP as a registrar, therefore these documents will not be reflected in the standard balance sheet. As a way out of this situation, you can use the report "Statement on mutual settlements with counterparties".
Some accounts are missing in 1C: SCP, for example, the MC account. Accounting for materials in operation in the BP is carried out using the MC account. You can get information about the materials put into operation in the SCP in the “Materials in Operation” register and in the “Materials in Operation List” report.
There is no month-end closing procedure that is understandable to most accountants. Month closing can be done using the Month Closing Procedure business process in conjunction with the Month Closing Settings directory element.
There are also special cases, for example, the use of the "Move OS" document. Usually, in the accounting department, the path of movement of fixed assets is indicated, and in the SCP, only the final destination. The current location of an object can be determined by a register entry.
The document is intended to reflect following operations in management, accounting and tax accounting in 1C SCP:
1. Release of products manufactured in the shop. It can be of two types:
with posting to the warehouse;
· without posting to the warehouse with reflection in work in progress, reflection in general business, general production or other costs.
2. Provision of internal service by the production unit.
3. Posting of returnable waste to the warehouse from production.
4. Reflection in the accounting of data on the distribution of direct costs for output:
· Material costs and returnable waste - in quantitative terms;
· Technological operations and Other costs - in value terms.
Let's open the document journal "Production report for the shift":
1) Switch to the "Production Management" interface.
2) Menu item "Production" - "Production report for the shift".
Let's create a document "Production report for a shift" and consider its capabilities (Fig. 1).
Rice. 1 - Document "Production report for a shift"
Filling in the header of the document "Production report for a shift" in 1C: SCP.
Consider filling in the details of the document header:
· Warehouse. The storage location for the released product. The attribute value is selected from the "Warehouses" directory.
· Subdivision. The manufacturing unit that produced products or provided internal services. The attribute value is selected from the "Subdivisions" reference book. The requisite is obligatory for filling.
· Organization division. The production unit of an organization in which a product was produced or an internal service was provided. The value of the attribute is selected from the reference book "Subdivisions of organizations". The requisite is obligatory for filling.
· Production order. A production order is indicated if the output is tied to a specific production order, in which case the production order will be considered completed in terms of the products released under it.
· Allow over limit. In order for the user to be able to specify the write-off of materials for costs in excess of the limit, in the set of additional rights, the value of the right "Edit permission for exceeding the limit of the issue of materials" must be set to "True". In this case, the checkbox " Allow exceeding the limit". If the checkbox is enabled, then the document can write off any amount of materials for costs, regardless of the value of the set limit. In this case total amount of the written-off material must be indicated in the "Quantity" variable on the "Materials" tab, and the volume exceeding the limit value must be clearly marked and indicated in the "Incl. released in excess of the limit" of the "Recipients" tabular section. The column becomes visible when the "Allow limit exceeding" checkbox is checked. Limit control is performed only if the direction of output in the document is set to "To costs" or "To costs (list)".
Setting the visibility of the details and bookmarks of the document "Production report for a shift" in 1C: SCP.
The visibility of a number of details and bookmarks of the document is controlled in a separate window called by the button " Setting». The settings window (Fig. 2) allows you to check the necessary document settings with checkboxes:
Rice. 2 - The window for setting the visibility of details and bookmarks of the document "Production report for a shift".
· Use materials. If the checkbox is checked, then the "Materials" tab is visible. On this tab, a list of materials used in the production of products is entered.
· Automatically distribute materials. The checkbox defines manual or automatic distribution of materials for release. If the checkbox is unchecked, then the Material Distribution tab is visible.
· Use technological operations. If the box is checked, then the tab "Tech. operations" is visible. On this tab, a list of completed technological operations in the production of products is entered.
· Automatically distribute those. operations. The checkbox defines manual or automatic distribution of costs among technological operations. If the checkbox is not checked, then the tab "Distribution of those. operations" is visible.
· Use other costs. If the checkbox is checked, then the "Other costs" tab is visible. On this tab, a list of other non-material costs incurred in the production of products is entered.
· Automatically allocate other costs. The checkbox defines manual or automatic allocation of other release costs. If the checkbox is not selected, then the tab "Distribution of other costs" is visible.
· Use returnable waste. If the checkbox is checked, then the "Returned Waste" tab is visible. On this tab, you enter a list of recyclable waste received during the production of products.
· Automatically allocate returnable waste to products. The checkbox defines manual or automatic allocation of returnable waste to products. If the checkbox is not selected, then the tab "Distribution of returnable waste" is visible.
· Use operating time. If the checkbox is checked, then it is possible to enter data into the document not only for the production of finished products, but also data on the operating time. When the checkbox is enabled, the details become available for data entry: Type of issue, Incl. completion.
· Use production orders. If the checkbox is checked, then the “Production task” attribute becomes available for input in the document header, the output data can be linked to the production task, thereby indicating the completion of the production task. Becomes affordable option automatic filling of the tabular part "Products" according to the task for production specified in the header of the document.
· Use Orders. If the checkbox is checked, then the details “Order-Costs”, “Order-Issue”, “Order-Reserve/Placement” become available for entering to specify orders, to which you can link data on output and output costs.
· Use OS Service Orders. If the checkbox is checked, then in the “Products” tabular section in the “Issue” attribute, the option “Order for OS maintenance” becomes available for selection, that is, the release of products or the provision of services can be linked to an order for OS maintenance.
· Use release directions. If the checkbox is checked, then the choice of product output directions becomes available - to the warehouse, to the costs of one direction, to the costs in several directions. The attribute “Issue direction” becomes available for input in the tabular section “Products”, the tab “Recipients” becomes visible, the button “Recipients” on the command panel of the tabular section “Products”. If the checkbox is not selected, then the entire output goes to the warehouse specified in the document header.
· Use WIP units. If the checkbox is checked, then in the tabular section "Distribution of materials" the details "WIP department", "WIP organization department" become available for data entry.
· Use WIP analytics. If the checkbox is checked, then in the tabular section "Distribution of materials" the details "Nomenclature group of WIP", "Order of WIP" become available for data entry.
Work with the document "Production report for a shift" in 1C: SCP.
Let us produce semi-finished products, from which a rocking chair will be assembled in the future. Let's reflect the fact of release using the document "Production report for the shift" and consider filling in the bookmarks of the document.
Bookmark "Products and services" in 1C: SCP.
The tab indicates the released finished products, semi-finished products or rendered internal services (Fig. 3):
Rice. 3 - Bookmark "Products and services"
· Product/Service. A product or service provided. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature" reference book and is mandatory. We have produced semi-finished products for rocking chairs: Chair frame (2 types) and skids for rocking chairs.
· Product Feature. Characteristics of the released products, if records are kept for these products by characteristics. The value of the attribute is selected from the reference book "Characteristics of the nomenclature". According to our nomenclature, accounting by characteristics is not kept.
· Product series. A series of manufactured products, if records are kept for these products by series. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature series" reference book. According to our nomenclature, accounting by series is not kept.
· Release type. Type of output and services. Available if the "Use running time" checkbox is checked in the details visibility settings. The attribute can take the following values:
Release - determines the fact of the final release of products;
· Operating time - the fact of unfinished release of production on which expenses are used is defined.
Release direction. The direction of release is understood as a way of further accounting for manufactured products - either the products are transferred to the warehouse, or remain in production and are transferred to another production unit. To indicate the direction of release in the document, use the attribute "Direction of release" on the tab "Products and services", as well as the tab "Recipients". These requisites are available if the 'Use release directions' checkbox is set in the requisite visibility settings (called by the 'Settings' button). For operating time, the direction of release is not set. All operating time remains in the unit that produced it. The transfer of operating time to another department or warehouse is not possible. The default value of the "Issue direction" attribute can be set in the user settings. The following release directions are available for selection:
· To the warehouse. The release of products is carried out with posting to the warehouse. The warehouse is indicated in the header of the document;
· For costs. Products are released without posting to the warehouse, the direction of write-off of manufacturing costs is indicated on the "Recipients" tab. With this method, only one disposal direction is available for a production line;
· For expenses (list). Products are released without posting to the warehouse, the direction of write-off of manufacturing costs is indicated in the dialog box "Enter directions of write-off of products (services)", which opens when you click the " Recipients» on the command panel of the "Products and Services" tab. When setting the direction of product release (whether it is one direction or a list of directions), you need to determine the values of all details to account for the costs associated with the release of products. These details are:
the unit to which the costs are related (the enterprise unit for management accounting and the organization unit for regulated accounting);
cost item;
Buyer's order or production order;
Cost accounts for regulated accounting and the corresponding accounts of the analytics;
· When specifying the list of directions, it is necessary to set the coefficient of distribution of costs by directions.
For frequent use of the same combinations of values for the details of the release direction description, they can be defined in a template. For this purpose, the reference book "Directions for writing off products (services)" is intended. Further, in the document “Production report for a shift”, filling in the details for the direction of production can be performed based on a template. If a list of release directions is specified, then the template is applied in the window for specifying the list by clicking the "Fill" - "Fill from template" button. If one release direction is set, then on the "Recipients" tab, to fill in the data according to the template, you need to click the "Fill" - "Fill from the template" button.
In our case, since these items of the nomenclature are not finished products, but semi-finished products, we will select the release direction “For costs”.
Quality. The quality of the released products. For services, this requisite is not filled. The attribute value is selected from the "Quality" reference book.
There are 2 options available: New and Marriage.
Places. The number of places of manufactured products.
Unit. A unit of measure for output.
Quantity. The number of products released in the storage unit of residues. The attribute value is filled in automatically when specifying the number of seats.
Incl. completion. if “Output” is selected in the “Type of output” variable, and the total volume of manufactured products is selected in the “Quantity” variable, then in order to link the output with the operating time in the “Incl. finishing” indicates the volume of products for which the operating time is actually completed.
Cost Share. Share of cost to allocate costs. The values of the indicators of this column are especially important for the tabs: “The distribution of those. operations”, “Distribution of other costs”.
Nomenclature group. The nomenclature group of output is indicated. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature groups" directory and is filled in automatically when selecting products with the value specified in the "Nomenclature" directory in the "Nomenclature group" field.
Order costs. An order is specified to reflect the cost of production. The value is selected from the lists of "Buyer's Order" or "Production Order" documents.
Order release. An order for which production is being produced. The value is selected from the lists of documents "Order for production" or "Order for OS maintenance".
Reserve order. It is filled in if it is necessary to reserve the released products under the order. The value is selected from the lists of "Buyer's Order", "Internal Order" or "Production Order" documents.
Specification. Specifies the specification of the product or service provided. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature Specifications" reference book.
end products. The attribute is available if the "Use production tasks" flag or the "Use OS service orders" flag is set in the document settings. When posting a document, the fact of completion of the planned release according to the corresponding task or order is recorded.
party status. Specifies the status of the batch, which allows you to distinguish between goods and materials in batch accounting.
For the purposes of accounting and tax accounting released products are indicated:
· Accounting account (BU). Check accounting manufactured products (for example, 43 or 21).
· Accounting account (NU). Account of the tax accounting of let out production. The attribute value is selected from the chart of accounts for tax accounting.
· Cost account (BU). Cost accounting account for the production of products or the provision of services (for example, 20 or 23).
· Cost Account (NU). Account for tax accounting of costs for the production of products or the provision of services. The attribute value is selected from the chart of accounts for tax accounting.
Button " Parameters". In production, the consumption of components may depend on additional product parameters (dimensions, temperature) or on the parameters of the production process itself (humidity). In the specification, you can set up the dependence of the consumption of components on the parameters of output. The actual values of output parameters are indicated in the shift production report for each item of finished goods. To do this, you need to make the line active in the tabular section "Products and Services" and click the "Parameters" button. A dialog box opens for entering the actual values of the output parameters.
Filling in the tabular part:
Fill"
· Fill in according to the order for production. Data on the products that are in the production task specified in the header are added to the tabular part; in this case, the tabular section is preliminarily cleared.
· Add from customer order. Data on products and services from the customer's order, which is selected by the user in the selection window, are added to the tabular section, while rows are added to the rows already in the tabular section.
· Fill in the order for production. Data on products and services from the production order, which is selected by the user in the selection window, is added to the tabular part, while the tabular part is preliminarily cleared. Filling occurs on the unfulfilled part of the production order.
· Add by production order. Similar to "Fill in by order for production", but without deleting existing rows in the tabular section.
The "Recipients" tab in 1C: SCP.
The tab contains data to reflect the released products or services in work in progress, in general business, general production or other costs, if the release is made without posting to the warehouse (Fig. 4).
This tab reflects the method of further accounting for manufactured products - remains in production (we have released semi-finished products, not finished products) and transferred to another production unit (or to the same production unit where it was released).
Each line of the "Recipients" tab is an extension of the corresponding line of the "Products and Services" tab. Entering new lines, deleting, sorting on this tab are not available.
Rice. 4 - Bookmark "Recipients"
· Subdivision. The department is the recipient of the costs. The attribute value is selected from the "Subdivisions" reference book.
· Organization division. The organizational unit is the recipient of the costs. The value of the attribute is selected from the reference book "Subdivisions of organizations".
· Order. Specifies the purchase order or production order for which costs are reflected. The value is selected from the list of documents "Order of the buyer" or "Order for production".
· Cost item. A cost item that reflects the output of products or services rendered. Filling in this requisite means the fact that the products manufactured or services rendered are reflected in the costs. The attribute value is selected from the "Cost Items" directory.
· In t.hours released over the limit. Specifies the quantity of products that is written off to costs in excess of the limit. The data is indicated only if: the mechanism for limiting the release of materials and semi-finished products to subdivisions is used, the flag “Allow the limit to be exceeded” is set in the header of the document, the write-off of products goes to costs, and not to the warehouse.
· Har-r costs. The column displays the nature of the costs corresponding to the cost item selected in the line.
· Analytics type
· Analytics. Cost item analytics. The values entered in this column depend on the nature of the costs selected in the line of the cost item.
· Products. The requisite is available if the cost item with the nature of the costs "Marriage in production" is indicated. If necessary, the products to which the costs of marriage are related are indicated here.
· Cost account (BU). The accounting account that reflects the costs. The attribute value is selected from the chart of accounts and is filled in automatically when selecting an item of expenditure.
· Cost account (NU). The tax account that reflects the costs. The attribute value is selected from the chart of accounts for tax accounting and is filled in automatically when selecting an expense item or selecting an accounting cost account.
Filling in the tabular part:
The tabular part can be filled in automatically by clicking the button " Fill"- "Fill from template". In the “Production report for a shift” documents, for each position of the released products, you must indicate the direction of release. If the option “for costs (list)” is selected, then the input of the direction of write-off of production costs is indicated in the dialog box “Enter directions of write-off of products (services)”. For frequent use of the same combinations of values for the details of the release direction description, they can be defined in a template. For this purpose, the reference book "Directions for writing off products (services)" is intended.
The "Materials" tab in 1C: SCP.
On this tab, we will reflect the list of materials used for the production of our semi-finished products (Fig. 5).
Rice. 5 - Bookmark "Materials"
Checkbox " Enter cost items by line determines how cost items will be entered on this tab. Setting this flag determines the indication of the cost item in each line of the tabular section.
· Cost item. The cost item is indicated for which materials and semi-finished products in work in progress were reflected. The attribute value is selected from the "Cost Items" directory. Only items with the material cost type can be specified in the attribute.
The tabular part indicates the materials and semi-finished products that were used to manufacture products, provide services:
· Material. Used material. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature" reference book.
· Material characteristic. Characteristic of the material, if accounting is kept for this material by characteristics. The value of the attribute is selected from the reference book "Characteristics of the nomenclature".
· Material Series. Material series, if the material is accounted for by series. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature series" reference book.
· Places. Number of places of used material.
· Unit. The unit of measure for the used material.
· Quantity. The amount of used material in the storage unit of residues. The attribute value is filled in automatically when specifying the number of seats.
· Release type. Type of output for which the material was used. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Order costs. The cost order for the production for which the material was used. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Order release. The order for which the material was used. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Specification. The specification according to which the material was used.
Filling in the tabular part:
The tabular part can be filled in automatically by clicking the button " Fill". The following filling options are available:
· Fill in according to specification. Data on materials according to the specification is added to the tabular part.
· Fill in with the selection of analogues. When filling out, it is possible to replace materials with analogues. Replacement is performed in the assistant window "Selection of materials and analogues for production", which displays information about possible analogues, about the remains of materials and analogues in work in progress and in stock. Moreover, if the same analogue is provided for different materials, its free balance will be distributed proportionally among all materials.
· Fill in the rest. Data on materials are added to the tabular section according to the balances listed at the time of filling out the document in work in progress.
· Fill in as needed. The tabular part is filled in according to the list of materials specified on the “Materials” tab in the “Production Order” document, while filling in takes place according to the current (not closed) needs of this production order. The “Order for production” documents that should be filled in are determined by the orders that are indicated in the “Order-output” column on the “Products” tab in the production report for the shift. If in the tabular section on the "Materials" tab in the production report for the shift there were already completed rows, then when automatic completion they will be removed as needed.
· Add from claim-invoice. The user selects the document "Requirement-invoice". The tabular part is filled in according to the list of materials specified in the document "Requirement-invoice" on the "Materials" tab, while the lines are added to the lines already in the tabular part.
The tab "Distribution of materials" in 1C: SCP.
The tabular section indicates the distribution of materials and semi-finished products indicated on the “Materials” tab for manufactured products and services rendered indicated on the “Products and Services” tab (Fig. 6).
Rice. 6 - Tab "Distribution of materials"
· Material, Material characteristic, Material series, Line item. Corresponding values from the tabular section on the "Materials" tab. The "Cost item" attribute is available for editing if the "Enter cost items by lines" checkbox is checked on the "Materials" tab.
· Quantity. Quantity of material in the storage unit of residuals.
· Nomenclature group, Products, Product characteristics, Product series, Type of release, Order costs, Order release, Specification, Cost account (BU), Cost account (NU), Quality. Corresponding values from the tabular section on the "Products and Services" tab.
· WIP Division, WIP Organization Division. Available if the "Use WIP subdivision" checkbox is checked in the details visibility settings.
· WIP item group, WIP order. Available if the "Use WIP analytics" checkbox is selected in the details visibility settings.
Fill". Materials and semi-finished products indicated on the "Materials" tab are distributed among the manufactured products in proportion to the values in the "Cost Share" column. Each material is allocated only to those production lines whose BOM includes the specified material. Materials for which a buyer's order is specified are allocated only to the production of products for this order.
Bookmark “Tech. operations" in 1C: SCP.
The tab in the tabular section contains data on the performed technological operations (Fig. 7):
Rice. 7 - Bookmark "Tech. operations"
· Technological operation. Completed technological operation. The attribute value is selected from the "Technological operations" reference book.
· Release type. The type of output for which the technological operation was performed. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Cost item. A cost item that reflects technological operations in work in progress. The attribute value is selected from the "Cost Items" directory. In the attribute, you can only specify intangible items with a cost type not equal to "Material".
· Rate. Cost per unit of technological operation. The value of the attribute is filled in automatically according to the data of the "Technological operations" reference book.
· Currency. Currency of technological operation price. The value of the attribute is filled in automatically according to the data of the "Technological operations" reference book.
· Quantity. The number of technological operations performed.
· Amount in rate currency. The amount of completed operations in the currency of the technological operation rate. The attribute value is calculated automatically after entering the quantity.
· Sum. The amount of transactions performed in the currency of management accounting. The attribute value is calculated from the amount in the rate currency.
· Amount (regl). The amount of transactions performed in the currency of regulated accounting. The attribute value is calculated from the amount in the rate currency.
· Order. The production cost order (purchase order or production order) on which the manufacturing operation was performed.
· Analytics type. The column displays the name of the analytics that must be specified for the cost item selected in the row in the "Analytics" column.
· Analytics. Cost item analytics.
· Products. The requisite is available if the main cost item of the specified technological operation has the nature of the costs "Rejection in production". If necessary, the products to which the costs of marriage are related are indicated here.
· Project. Project or types of distribution by projects. The requisite is indicated if the system keeps records of indirect costs for projects.
For the purposes of accounting and tax accounting, the following are indicated:
· Cost account (BU). The accounting account that reflects the completed technical. operations.
· Cost account (NU). The tax account, which reflects the completed technical. operations.
The tabular part can be filled in automatically according to the production flow chart.
The "Performers" tab in the shift production report.
On the tab in the tabular part, data on the performers are indicated, the employees are actually listed and the KTU of each of them is indicated (Fig. 8):
Rice. 8 - Bookmark "Performers"
· Worker. Executor work (for example, a member of a team of workers). For the order reflected in the regulated accounting, it is also required to indicate the order for the reception of the employee.
· KTU. "Coefficient of labor participation" allows you to unevenly distribute the amount of the order among the performers. The default is 1.
· Amount to be charged. The amount to be accrued to the employee in the currency of management accounting.
· Amount to be charged (regl). The amount to be accrued to the employee in the currency of regulated accounting.
In our example, the amount to be charged is taken from the “Tech. Operations” and distributed in accordance with the proportion of labor participation coefficients. Filling is done by pressing the button Calculate»
The tab “Distribution of those. Operations” in the shift production report.
The tabular part indicates the distribution of technological operations indicated on the tab “Tech. operations” for products manufactured and services rendered, indicated on the “Products and Services” tab (Fig. 9).
Rice. 9 - Bookmark "Distribution of those. operations"
· Technological operation, Cost item. The corresponding values from the tabular part on the tab "Tech. operations."
· Sum. The amount of transactions performed in the currency of management accounting.
· Amount (regl). The amount of transactions performed in the currency of regulated accounting.
· Nomenclature group, Products, Product characteristics, Product series, Type of release, Order, Specification, Cost account (BU), Cost account (NU), Quality. Corresponding values from the tabular section on the "Products and Services" tab.
Filling in the tabular part:
It is possible to fill in this tabular section using the button " Fill". Technological operations indicated on the tab “Tech. operations” are distributed among the manufactured products in proportion to the values in the “Share of value” column on the “Products and Services” tab.
Since the Specifications of the nomenclature "Frame for a chair" and "Frame for a chair (2 var)" have the same technical specifications. cards ("Frame for a chair") (Fig. 10, 11), then the amount of technical operations will be distributed depending on the share of the cost (tab "Products and services") only between the lines "Frame for a chair" and "Frame for a chair ( 2 var)".
Those. operations for which a buyer's order is specified are allocated only to the output of products for this order.
Rice. 10 - Specification "Frame for a chair"
Rice. 11 - Specification "Frame for a chair (2 var)"
The "Other costs" tab in the shift production report.
The tab in the tabular section contains data on other non-material costs (Fig. 12):
Rice. 12 - Tab "Other costs"
· Cost item. A cost item that reflects other costs in work in progress. The attribute value is selected from the "Cost Items" directory. In the attribute, you can only specify intangible items with a cost type not equal to "Material".
· Distribution method. The method of cost distribution indicates on which basis the costs will be distributed when posting the document "Calculation of the cost of production". This is actually an analytic for which costs are reflected in WIP.
· Nomenclature group. Nomenclature group of output, to which other costs are related. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Release type. The type of output to which other costs are related. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Order. Order is the cost of a product that includes other costs. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Sum
· Amount (regl). The amount of other costs in the currency of regulated accounting. The attribute value is calculated automatically when changing the amount in the control currency. accounting.
Filling in the tabular part:
By pressing the button " Fill" - « Fill in the rest" the tabular part is filled with the balances of intangible costs in work in progress;
The tab "Distribution of other costs" in the production report per shift.
The tabular part indicates the distribution of other costs indicated on the "Other costs" tab for manufactured products and services rendered indicated on the "Products and Services" tab (Fig. 13).
Rice. 13 - Tab "Distribution of other costs"
· Cost item. The values of the relevant details from the tabular section on the "Other costs" tab.
· Sum. The amount of other costs in the currency of management accounting.
· Amount (regl). The amount of other costs in the currency of regulated accounting.
· Nomenclature group, Products, Product characteristics, Product series, Type of release, Order, Specification, Cost account (BU), Cost account (NU), Quality. The values of the relevant details from the tabular section on the "Products and Services" tab.
Filling in the tabular part:
It is possible to fill in this tabular section using the button " Fill". The costs indicated on the "Other costs" tab are distributed among the manufactured products in proportion to the values in the "Cost share" column. Other costs are distributed for the production of products for the same item group and order, which are indicated in the line of the tabular part "Other costs".
Bookmark "Returned waste"
For returnable waste, you can specify a separate warehouse for transfer, the warehouse is set in the "Warehouse" attribute on the "Returned Waste" tab.
The tabular part indicates the returnable waste that was generated during the release of products (Fig. 14):
Rice. 14 - Bookmark "Return waste"
· Nomenclature. Return waste. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature" reference book.
· Characteristics of the nomenclature. Characteristics of returnable waste, if records are kept for this returnable waste by characteristics. The value of the attribute is selected from the reference book "Characteristics of the nomenclature".
· Nomenclature series. A series of returnable waste, if this returnable waste is accounted for by series. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature series" reference book.
· Places. Number of places of returned waste received.
· Unit. The unit of measure for the returned waste received.
· Quantity. Quantity of returnable waste received in the residue holding unit. The attribute value is filled in automatically when specifying the number of seats.
· Release type. The type of output for which it was received return waste. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Order costs. A product cost order for which a returnable waste was received. The value of this attribute must be equal to the values specified on the "Products and Services" tab.
· Reserve order. To be filled in if it is necessary to reserve returnable waste on order. The value is selected from the lists of "Buyer's Order", "Internal Order" or "Production Order" documents.
· Nomenclature group. The nomenclature group of output is indicated
· Specification. The specification of the released product or service is indicated according to the release of which the returnable waste is obtained. The attribute value is selected from the "Nomenclature Specifications" reference book.
· party status. Specifies the status of the batch, which allows you to distinguish between goods and materials in batch accounting. For returnable waste that belongs to the giver, the status of the batch "For recycling" is indicated.
Filling in the tabular part:
It is possible to fill in this tabular section using the button " Fill". Filling is made on the basis of the release specifications, which are indicated on the "Products and Services" tab.
Bookmark "Distribution of returnable waste"
The tabular part indicates the distribution of returnable waste indicated on the tab "Returned waste" for manufactured products and services rendered indicated on the tab "Products and services" (Fig. 15).
Rice. 15 - Bookmark "Distribution of returnable waste"
· Nomenclature, Nomenclature characteristic, Nomenclature series, Cost item. Values of the relevant details from the tabular section on the "Returnable Waste" tab.
· Quantity. Quantity of returnable waste in the residue holding unit.
· Nomenclature group, Products, Product characteristics, Product series, Type of issue, Cost order, Reserve order, Specification, Cost account (BU), Cost account (NU), Quality. The values of the relevant details from the tabular section on the "Products and Services" tab.
Filling in the tabular part:
It is possible to fill in this tabular section using the button " Fill". The nomenclature indicated on the "Returned waste" tab is distributed among the released products in proportion to the values in the "Cost share" column.
If in the specification for returnable waste in the attribute “Reflection of return. waste” method is specified “In distribution documents”, automatic distribution of returnable waste in the shift production report cannot be performed. Each return is allocated only to those release lines whose specification includes the specified return. Lines that contain a buyer's order are allocated only to the production of products for this order.
Features of the document "Production report for a shift" in 1C: SCP.
If in accounting policy the method of forming the cost for the release operation is set as “By planned cost” or “By direct costs”, then when posting the document, the preliminary cost of materials is determined, according to the accounting data in work in progress, and the distribution is performed according to the number of direct costs of this material on the lines of the tabular section "Products and Services". As a result, the preliminary cost of products manufactured and services rendered is formed.
When posting the “Production Report for a Shift” document, the requirements for the production order specified in it are closed if:
accounting of the needs of production orders is kept (in the settings of the accounting parameters, the flag "Keep a record of the needs of orders for production in materials and semi-finished products" is set);
· When using the method of closing requirements "Automatically at distribution", requirements are closed based on the data on the "Materials distribution" tab. In this case, there are the following features of closing needs:
If, as a result of posting the document, the product item planned for release by the production order is completely released, the entire requirement for the production order associated with this product is closed
If, as a result of posting the document, all products planned for release by the production order are completely released, the requirement for the production order is closed in full, regardless of the information specified on the "Materials distribution" tab;
when using the “Explicit” requirements closure method, requirements are closed in the following cases
· as a result of posting the document, the product item planned for release under the production order has been fully released. This closes the entire production order requirement associated with this product.
As a result of posting the document, all products planned for release on the basis of a production order are fully released. At the same time, the need for a production order is closed in full.
Thanks!
The company is required to periodically generate regulated reporting - sets of reports, the order of completion of which is established normative documents. The configuration makes this task as easy as possible.
Regulated reporting includes:
- financial statements;
- tax declarations and calculations;
- IFRS reports;
- reports to social off-budget funds;
- statistical reporting;
- certificates submitted to the tax authorities;
- declarations on the production and circulation of alcoholic products.
Forms of regulated reporting are periodically changed by decisions government agencies. Firm "1C" monitors these changes and provides its users with the ability to quickly update the forms of regulated reporting in the configurations used. To update the forms, an efficient regular mechanism for updating the configuration is used.
To access regulated reports, you can use the form "Regulated and financial statements" or the form of a directory of regulated reports. Moreover, the form "Regulated and financial reporting" is more focused on generating ready-made reports, and the form of the directory is more focused on setting up a list of reports. The procedure for filling out a regulated report can be launched from any form.
To manage the process of filling in a regulated report, use the dialog area located in the upper part of its screen form.
The completed report form is partially editable. The availability of individual form cells is shown by their background color. Some of the cells are colored white - such cells are not available for editing. Cells colored yellow are designed for the user to enter information into them. And the green cell data is calculated automatically based on the data of other cells, including those filled in by the user.
Regulated accounting reports provide a decoding mechanism, thanks to which you can see the indicator calculation algorithm or call a standard accounting report for a more detailed analysis.
Different coloring of the cells facilitates the user's interactive work with the report. But when preparing the report for printing, all cells of the form will turn white.
Those regulated reports for which such an opportunity is provided for by regulatory documents can be uploaded to in electronic format.
Advantages over regulated reporting "1C:Enterprise 7.7"
Possibility to choose the form of the report
The system supports not only current reporting forms, but also all forms that were in effect in previous reporting periods. Depending on the selected reporting period, the system will automatically select the appropriate version of the form (new or old) of regulated reporting. If necessary, the user will be given the opportunity to select the form manually.
Storing completed reports in the infobase
Once completed reports can now be stored directly in the infobase, in a special journal. Saved reports can be modified, reprinted, or downloaded electronically. Any report can be prepared and saved in several versions.
Interactive Filling Mechanisms
The user is provided with improved mechanisms for correcting automatic completed reports. In particular, totals and dependent values are now recalculated automatically within the entire report, and not just within the report section.
Efficient work with multi-page reports
Working with multi-page sections of reports has become much more convenient. If necessary, you can add lines and entire pages. A convenient and flexible print management mechanism is provided. When preparing for printing, the system automatically divides the report into pages and numbers them.
Report list management
The user can control the composition of the list of regulated reports and the form of its presentation. The list can include new reports implemented as external processing files.
Today, 1C is the creator of the SCP software product - Management manufacturing plant.
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This application solution allows you to automate the management process of even a very large organization, of any scale.
Wherein this system fully complies with all Russian, as well as international standards. It allows you to ensure uninterrupted economic activity.
The work of the program is based on simple algorithms, therefore, to work with it, you need to go through a very short course learning.
Basic information
The software product 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management 8 is a universal product with which you can automate many processes carried out at the enterprise.
The use of this program allows you to significantly reduce the time to perform various operations, as well as minimize the number of employees necessary for the operation of the enterprise.
Since even just one person can handle various accounts.
Before proceeding with the study of a software product of the type in question, it is necessary to without fail deal with the following important questions:
Definitions;
who can be a user;
normative base.
The issue of definitions is especially important - without knowing the terminology used in the operation of this software product, it will be impossible to work with it. You should also study regulatory framework.
UPP carries out all possible calculations, as well as the formation of reports in full compliance with the legislation in force in the territory of the Russian Federation.
However, if possible, it is still necessary to study all legislative acts that are otherwise relevant to the operation of this software.
SCP - software with a lot of functionality. That is why it helps to carry out work and generate reports for various employees.
Definitions
In order to understand how PMS functions and work successfully in it, it is necessary to understand the following important issues in as much detail as possible:
- configuration;
- architecture;
- licensing.
Configuration refers to various kinds of applied solutions implemented in 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management.
These solutions represent various areas of the enterprise's work. A distinctive feature of this product from 1C is a large number of different directions.
Available application solutions can fully automate the work of the personnel department, accounting, IT services, engineering department, warehouse and more.
It is due to the large number of different configurations that you can minimize the staff.
Since earlier, for the implementation of settlement operations with a large number of employees, sometimes several calculations were required, then due to the automation of all processes, one will be quite enough.
It is important to remember that in fact 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management is a simple software shell for working with databases.
The architecture allows the installation of the entire product both on Microsoft Windows and Linux operating systems. There are separate versions for installation on compact computing devices.
Licensing is understood as a special electronic key. Only if it is available, it becomes possible to use 1C: SCP. And both server and client versions.
It is important to know that the use of unlicensed versions is strictly punished by the current legislation.
Who can be a user
Today, with the help of the software in question, a rather extensive list of various tasks can be solved.
So, planning and budgeting in the 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management 8 program allows the management of even a very large organization to draw up a business plan as quickly as possible - based on receiving the most detailed reporting on the activities of all departments.
Today 1C: SCP is required to work:
- planning/economic department;
- various production departments;
- departments leading the development in the direction of strategic development;
- Analytics department;
- personnel service;
- departments - marketing, engineering, mechanization;
- warehouse workers;
- accounting department.
The developers of the 1C company expect that the maximum effect of automation will be achieved when using this software in enterprises where there are thousands and tens of thousands of jobs.
SCP will minimize time delays between individual working units, optimize the interaction between individual structures.
If necessary, the employee will be able to obtain the required information with minimal time.
Normative base
Today, 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management is an automated software package that is updated independently - while all reporting, calculations and all other actions are performed by it within the framework of the current legislation.
At the same time, an employee working with the system only needs to understand the algorithm of work. To do this, you need to familiarize yourself with the relevant legislation:
- tax code Russian Federation- as amended on 01.01.15
- Labor Code of the Russian Federation - as amended on 01.01.15
- Civil Code of the Russian Federation - as amended on 01.01.15
- Orders of the Federal tax service:
- and etc.
It must be remembered that each existing applied solution has its own regulatory framework.
The one indicated above is necessary for accountants, as well as personnel department employees who carry out their work in the appropriate configurations.
Those working in other areas of production will need to study a different regulatory framework. But at the same time, it must be remembered that the program can also make a mistake.
That is why it is imperative, if possible, to check the correctness of performing various kinds of calculations.
Moreover, most often the cause of all kinds of errors is still a person.
Features of the program in the enterprise
The program under consideration has many different features. If possible, all of them should be studied.
First of all, they affect the following points:
- functionality;
- existing blocks in the system;
- basics when installing and restarting.
The most detailed acquaintance with all the points indicated above allows you to minimize the likelihood of any errors. This is especially true for the functionality of the system.
Functionality
A distinctive feature of the product 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management is extremely high functionality.
In fact, SCP contains all application solutions that have ever been developed by 1C.
Functionality allows you to use this product in the following areas:
- value calculation wages employees - and their number is absolutely not important, the program is able to cope with almost any amount of information;
- implementation of budgeting and planning tasks;
- maintenance of regulated reporting, using several plans, as well as arbitrary accounting measurements;
- organizational and economic activities;
- operational management of the enterprise.
At the same time, the product under consideration also uses its own programming language.
Thanks to this, in addition to the already existing, ready-made functionality add various new ones made by yourself.
To do this, you only need to know the law, as well as familiarize yourself with the technology for developing applied solutions. 1C: SCP includes the full functionality of the following configurations available separately:
- Trade and warehouse.
- Salary and personnel.
- Complex automation.
- Production, services, accounting.
Existing blocks in the system
To date, 1C: Manufacturing Enterprise Management includes the following blocks:
- financial management;
- sales management;
- manufacturing control;
- regulated accounting;
- warehouse management;
- accounting and implementation of purchases;
- managing relationships with clients;
- employee management.
Each block allows you to implement a huge list of tasks with minimal time. Particularly interesting is the block of regulation of customer relations.
This function is especially necessary for enterprises that sell their products through dealers.
Using this function, you can streamline the procedure for interacting with a large number of buyers. With large volumes of production, no less impressive purchases are required.
That is why, in the absence of special automation systems for both procurement and storage of purchased raw materials, it is very difficult to cope with enterprise management.
It is 1C: SCP that helps to correct the situation - the procedure for introducing this product is quite simple.
Basics for installation and startup
Installation, as well as the launch of the system in question, must be carried out by specialists. Otherwise, there is a high probability of any errors occurring.
Video: 1C Accounting 8 - A clear and free tutorial
Which can lead to all sorts of problems. The installation and first run procedure is a special operation called "deployment".
It is implemented by the forces of special partners - "implementers". It implements:
- features of the activity of a particular enterprise;
- special wishes of the customer for the functioning of 1C: SCP.
Also, the implementation procedure can be implemented by the specialists of the enterprise itself in close cooperation with partners - "implementers".
Installation can be carried out:
Configuration 1C: Enterprise 8. Managing a manufacturing enterprise
Today, the most common today is the typical configuration 1C: Enterprise 8.
It takes into account almost all existing international management methods, as well as directly the experience of the 1C company itself, accumulated over many years of work in the development of specialized software.
The most important features include the following:
- There are various localization configurations for the following countries - Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Ukraine.
- It is possible to edit already posted documents.
- There is a function to track changes to various documents.
This article will focus on the ERP-system "Manufacturing Enterprise Management". When automating manufacturing companies, this product is often optimal solution, and I have been involved in the implementation of 1C SCP for different organizations more than once.
In the course of work, I noticed that there are practically no reviews of this software product. There is technical documentation, some advice to programmers on solving specific problems in this system, training courses. But for users there is no clear description of the entire system. And very often, before implementing this software product, I have to explain the features, advantages and disadvantages of the "Management of Industrial Enterprises" practically "on the fingers".
Even on Habré, in the ERP section, there was still no information about this system. This is the gap I decided to fill. In addition, I hope that my article will help entrepreneurs and IT professionals at the stage of choosing software for factory automation and prepare them for the features that need to be considered when implementing this system.
In this review, I want to tell you what the SCP ed. system is. 1.3 so that those who decide to buy and implement it are more aware and more conscious in choosing this expensive product. I will try to give an objective assessment of the system, based on my experience with it and the experience of my clients. This review will help someone make a positive decision regarding the acquisition of the program, and someone - the decision to abandon it.
In order to understand the features of the software product, you need to answer the following questions:
- What is the system, what tasks are set for it.
- To what extent is this system capable of performing its tasks?
- Identify the pros and cons of the system.
What is an ERP system?
The ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system is a corporate Information system, which is designed to control, record and analyze all types of business processes and solve business problems on an enterprise scale.
Simply put, the ERP system combines all types of accounting that are present in the company. With the use of ERP systems, information is exchanged and interaction is carried out between different departments, etc. In the case of the ERP system "Manufacturing Enterprise Management", the software product offers the implementation of all these functions for a manufacturing company.
When implementing the product "Manufacturing Enterprise Management", the developers tried to combine the maximum possible list of functions in the system. If you look at the documents, you can count as many as 15 subsystems. The fact is that in 1C documents are grouped into subsystems:
- Manufacturing control
- Cost management
- Purchasing management
- Planning
- Tax and accounting
- Wage
- Personnel accounting, etc.
The screenshot I made clearly shows that a very small part of the documents relates directly to production. All other documents are additional subsystems designed to make "Production Enterprise Management" a universal solution for the work of all departments. I see no point in considering all these possibilities in detail, but it is important that each of the subsystems work efficiently and fully and be able to solve the needs of a particular business. In this article, we will dwell in detail on the block that distinguishes SCP from other 1s solutions - Production Management.
1C SCP: more about the product
1C Company positions "Manufacturing Enterprise Management" as one of the flagship products. This is a typical configuration from 1C, i.e. the software product is fully released by 1C itself, and any improvements in the system must be made by official 1C partners. SCP is one of the configurations that is constantly supported by 1C, updates are being released for it, etc.For this typical configuration, a lot of modified, so-called industry versions have been created: 1C. Mechanical Engineering, 1C. Meat Processing Plant, 1C. Furniture Production, 1C. Polygraphy, etc.
Industry Solutions are created by 1C partner companies based on the basic configuration. Usually this happens as follows: for a specific customer, improvements are made, after which they are “assembled” new version for the selected industry. The modified configuration is named after the industry for which it was written, and is sold as a "boxed solution".
Product cost
In order to work with this configuration, you must purchase the product itself. The recommended price from 1C is 186,000 rubles. And the licensing of this software product is carried out according to a common feature for 1C, i.e. users of other 1C products may not purchase any separate licenses for this system.Any license, for example, from 1C Accounting or from 1C Trade and Warehouse, will fit this system. Naturally, the cost of licenses for these products is the same.
It is important to understand that industry solutions from 1C partner companies may require their own separate licenses. And here the price may differ from the basic version.
As with other products, licensing is carried out according to one of the options adopted in 1C: for a computer (device) and for a user (connections from any device). Here I will not dwell in detail, since all the information is on the 1C website. You can get acquainted with it at the link: http://v8.1c.ru/enterprise/
A lot has been written about the 1C program itself. I also already wrote about this platform, for example, in the article "". Taking into account the fact that the system "Production Enterprise Management" works on the basis of 1C. Enterprise 8.3, all the advantages and disadvantages of the basic software are also present in it.
Let's take a closer look at the configuration.
In the book “Production and Operations Management” by R. B. Chase, F. R. Jacobs, N. J. Aquilano, I liked the list of tasks that are set for ERP systems for a manufacturing enterprise:- Keep a record of new orders and inform the production department about them in a timely manner.
- Provide the opportunity for the sales department to see at any time the status of the execution of the customer's order.
- Provide the purchasing department with the opportunity to see the need for materials in production at any time.
- Timely provide the state with data on the work of the company, i.e. maintain accounting and tax records.
Accounting for new orders in the sales department
Accounting for orders is an integral part of the work of any sales department. Any order consists of several parts:- Accounting for customers (to whom the sale is carried out);
- Accounting for goods (what will be sold to the client).
And detailed information about all goods that can be sold is stored in the Nomenclature directory.
The nomenclature is a directory that is designed to store information about goods and services that can be provided to the buyer. And in this system, the nomenclature is one of the most complex reference books.
Here can be stored:
- Product Name
- Series
- Photo
- Technical documentation files
- Description and almost any other information about the product.
On the example of sewing production, work on an order is divided into the following stages:
- Accept the order and fix the customer's need.
- If necessary, purchase material for the order.
- Make cutting, and then tailoring products.
- Carry out inspection (quality control) of goods.
- Transfer finished products to the warehouse.
- Carry out shipment or delivery to the buyer.
Notification of production about new orders
Production should see new orders as soon as they arrive. The configuration of 1C UPP, in general, copes with this task. But a counter task arises: production should see only those orders that need to be produced. Those. if the order document specifies goods that are already in stock, the production is not interested in such an order, and its appearance in the list of documents available for production can introduce additional confusion.Production should see orders immediately after they are received, but only that part of the orders for which products need to be produced.
In order to avoid such problems, 1C developers offer the following solution: based on the Buyer's Order, the sales manager must create new document– An order for production, which will list the items that need to be produced.
But this option cannot be called very convenient, since there is one more step in the work, completely dependent on the human factor. Those. after creating an order, the manager may forget to create a production order, make a mistake, and so on. As a result, the required goods will not be delivered to the production schedule on time, and the customer will not receive the ordered products on time. Naturally, with full automation of the enterprise, such situations are unacceptable. On the other hand, this problem can be completely solved by creating additional processing.
For a sewing company, we have created the following solution. An additional plug-in was written that creates an order for production automatically, based on a certain list of different conditions.
This processing determined whether the required items were in stock. If not, then the next step was to analyze free items in production. If there are no such products or they are scheduled for a date later than specified in the order, a production order is automatically generated.
Output: the system has everything you need to store information about products and customers. It is possible to create an order and transfer it to production. But for full automation of work, it will still require refinement to the needs of a particular enterprise.
Status of an order in production
As already mentioned, after the order has entered production, it is necessary to provide the sales department with the opportunity to observe in real time the status of the order. It is important for the sales department manager to know at what stage the work is: whether the already ordered product has arrived at work, when it is planned to be completed, etc.This is done in one of two ways:
- The sales manager can track at what technological stage the work on the order is: planned, entered work, quality control, etc. Thus, the sales specialist can constantly monitor the work on each of the orders and notify the client about the deadlines.
- For the goods, a sales period is set, i.e. the date the listing required nomenclature will be made will be tested and will be ready for shipment.
Unfortunately, in the second case, there are no ready-made tools for cases where production can change the date of the order. Any changes to the date of shipment can only be made by the sales department, moreover, upwards. Usually, the manager can reschedule the shipment to a later date, but the production will have to be notified of the possibility of changing the terms for the creation of goods manually. Also, the production, if necessary, cannot postpone the date of shipment, even if it became possible to complete the order faster.
In the basic configuration, any changes in the timing and determination of the stage of order fulfillment are performed by employees manually, as a result, an unpredictable human factor is included in the work. But here improvements will help to solve the issue.
So, for the clothing industry, we created a summary report that showed which batch of goods (from which orders) is in production, including from the report you can see which batch is in cutting, which is in tailoring, and so on. Those. we divided the production processes into stages, and the report displayed a general picture - which goods from which orders are at what stages of production, which are in the queue (with an indication of the start date), which are under quality control, which are sent to the warehouse.
Initially, this report was created for production workers so that they could control their work and make adjustments if necessary. But in the future, we opened the same report for the sales department, so that managers could also see the status of this or that order.
Output: the configuration does not provide for automatic data exchange between the sales department and production after the order is transferred to work. But it is possible to implement such solutions based on this configuration by creating additional reports and processing.
Communication between production and purchasing department
A very important point is the provision of production with the necessary materials. At the same time, for correct operation, it is necessary to provide production with everything necessary to fulfill orders and create goods for free sale from the warehouse, and on the other hand, it is necessary that excess materials do not accumulate in the warehouse. Therefore, the supply department must have access to up-to-date information on the amount of materials in stock and current production needs, including a list of materials for orders that are just planned for production.How this work should be done:
- A list of needs is formed.
- Based on this list and product specifications, a list of materials necessary for the production of products is formed.
- Based on the list received, a procurement plan is formed.
- In accordance with the procurement plan, the system generates orders to suppliers.
The system has a document called Procurement Plan. It collects information about needs, i.e. about what needs to be purchased to ensure production and in what quantity, as it should be in a classic MRP system.
MRP (Material Requirements Planning)- this is an automated planning of the needs of the enterprise in raw materials and materials for production. Planning is based on specifications.
Specification (Bill of Material)- This is a reference book that describes all the parameters of a particular material, its quality, features, tolerances. For a finished product or "semi-finished product", the specification indicates what the product consists of.
For the production of each product, certain materials and semi-finished products are required. Materials can be ordered immediately based on specifications. For semi-finished products, it is necessary to take the next step - to figure out what materials, in turn, this or that semi-finished product consists of. And also add the right materials to order.
Thus, each finished product is automatically broken down into materials in a few steps. For example:
The suit consists of trousers, a jacket and packaging (package). Pants and a jacket are semi-finished products that need to be decomposed in the next step; to create a package, the material can be immediately added to purchases. At the second step, the trousers are “divided” into different types of fabric, threads, zipper, buttons. Similarly, the jacket also consists of different types fabric, thread and buttons. All these materials are added to the procurement plan.
Now you can proceed to the selection of a supplier for each of the materials and create an order. All the steps listed above in the SCP system are not automated, and therefore some improvements will be required to solve the problem. At the same time, the configuration provides the ability to store all requirements, it is also possible to collect information on purchases. But in basic version they all require human intervention, which reduces the level of convenience and reliability. Therefore, external processing will also be very useful here, especially since all the data and access to them are available in the system.
For the sewing industry, we solved the issue as follows. Based on a report designed for production, as well as information about orders, the need for necessary materials. Further, the materials stored in the warehouse were subtracted from this list, and a report was created with which it was possible to make purchases. Next, suppliers report how quickly they can deliver the materials. And this information is already manually entered into the system, on the basis of which sellers will be able to notify customers about the timing of the production of orders.
Accounting and tax reporting in a "boxed solution"
The typical configuration of "Manufacturing Enterprise Management", according to the developers, should collect everything necessary for accounting and tax reporting information and create all the reports necessary for the work of accounting.And here this configuration has a very large "Achilles' heel". The fact is that in each document there are three checkmarks:
- UU - a document passed through management accounting;
- BU - the document passes through accounting;
- NU - the document passes through tax accounting.
Since the documents are not divided by different systems then the human factor comes into play. For example, an employee of the purchasing department or a storekeeper, after receiving materials, posts an incoming document. The material is taken into account. But if at the same time he did not put a “tick” on the BU, then the accountant does not see the document, and he himself posts the receipt invoice on the basis of the tax invoice received by him. As a result, the document is corrected twice by different authors. And if there are any errors, it will be very difficult to identify the culprit.
How this problem is solved in different cases, I do not know. So far, I have come across options where the management agreed with this shortcoming and preferred to rely on employees. The only method of protection against the human factor that has been implemented is setting the default checkboxes. In principle, in the small and medium business with which I usually work, this is really enough.
Integration with other software products and systems
Integration is an important step that is necessary when automating the work of any company, including production. At the same time, it is necessary to understand that integration is an expensive process that takes a significant amount of time and effort. Because we are talking about a complex multifunctional ERP system, then for high-quality process automation it will be necessary to obtain a large amount of various data from different sources.If you look from the point of view of production, then you will definitely need to upload data on the timing of production, semi-finished products and materials into the system. The purchasing department uploads waybills and other receipt documents. The sales department needs to upload order information and so on. In addition, different situations are possible in production, and it is very important that the system receives timely information about the consumption of material, the percentage of rejects, the postponement of production due to some difficulties that arose during the work, etc.
For example, at a sewing enterprise, integration with a cutting machine was carried out. Also, integration with any CAD, with the company's website, with other solutions is often required. And this stage of work often takes up to 30% of the budget.
At the same time, without such integrated solutions, the use of the EPR system will not be effective, you will not be able to reach a new level of control and automation of the enterprise. This is very important to understand.
Any system is only as effective as its weakest link. And if, during implementation, integration is abandoned in one case or another, and rely on the human factor, errors will definitely accumulate, and the whole system will become unstable.
For example, if we are talking about the design of a new product, then all project documentation should be uploaded from the design system (CAD) to the ERP system automatically. And then, in case of any questions and difficulties, it will always be possible to understand what specific product is being discussed. And designers will be able to make the necessary changes quickly and without errors.
When it comes to production, it is very important to receive information about incoming orders (for example, from a website or from a special order form) that need to be produced in a timely and error-free manner, as well as to transmit information about actually used materials in a timely manner and without errors, which will allow you to continue working. without downtime.
I have already mentioned above that at the sewing enterprise it was necessary to carry out integration with a cutting machine that cut 36 layers of fabric at the same time, it was necessary to obtain information about trimmings, the amount of scrap, and distribute this scrap to the cost of the entire batch of products. Accordingly, an add-on was required that integrated directly with the machine so that the system understood the data that came out of it and sent the data to the machine in a format that it could understand. In addition, processing was required for the data received from the machine to calculate the marriage and the cost of products.
Also, in many other cases, relying on the human factor is unacceptable, since errors, inaccuracies in the system, untimely entry of information lead to disruptions in work. Therefore, integration is a process, of course, not fast and expensive, but necessary to improve the quality of work.
Industry Solutions
In addition to the basic configuration 1C. SCP there is a significant number of industry solutions. They are created by 1C partner companies based on the basic configuration. Most often, such solutions appear as a result of the introduction of 1C.UPP for a manufacturing enterprise. After that, the modified version of the configuration for a particular industry is slightly improved and offered as a ready-made industry solution to customers.Now on the 1C website you can find such configurations for almost any industry. But it is very important to understand the following points:
- The configuration was finalized for the needs of a particular enterprise. And there is no guarantee that this approach will work for your company. For example, dairy production can be engaged in the creation of weight cottage cheese and sour cream, or it can pack these products in certain containers. It can produce milk, kefir and ryazhenka, and can specialize in yoghurts and desserts. In each of these cases, different improvements will be required. And it’s not a fact that the ones offered in the basic version from partners will suit you.
- Industry-specific configurations are performed by partner companies on the basis of the main one, while significant changes are made to the configuration itself. Therefore, updates for the basic version of 1C. SCP for the industry configuration will not work. Users will have to wait until the 1C partner company also updates the industry version.
A few words about 1C. SCP ERP 2.0
There is also a separate 1C configuration. UPP ERP 2.0, which was made significant improvements and additions necessary to automate the management of a manufacturing enterprise. Those. this configuration is positioned not just as a complete solution, but as a universal solution for a manufacturing enterprise, which includes a complete ERP system.This system is also created on the basis of 1C, the configuration is also complex, not modular. Therefore, all the features of 1C products in principle, as well as the problems encountered when implementing complex 1C configurations, are also inherent in this system.
On the one hand, version 1C. SCP ERP 2.0 is really distinguished by an extended set of functions, primarily related to automation and control issues. But this software product was created relatively recently. And I believe that it is too early to switch to this version due to the fact that it has not yet been fully developed.
It is constantly updated with new features, new directories, documents, reports, unlike 1C. UPP, to which the updates include only the correction of identified bugs and updates of accounting and tax reporting related to changes in legislation.
In addition, the system 1C. SCP ERP 2.0 is much more expensive than the 1C configuration. SCP.
Pros and cons of the 1C SCP system
The system is indeed complex and, with appropriate refinement, it can perform the functions of managing a certain type of manufacturing enterprise. It is also important to understand that each industry will require different improvements. If the system was created for tailoring, it will not be suitable for a dairy production plant. Of course, you can also use industry-specific solutions, but I personally do not recommend using such solutions.Simply because if the typical configuration of "Manufacturing Enterprise Management" does not suit you in many ways, then industry solutions will not do either. In this case, it will be easier to choose another product or actually order a customized solution. And if the typical configuration suits you for the most part, then the number of improvements and settings for the specifics of a particular business for a typical solution and an industry one will not differ much.
An important disadvantage of the system is the lack of modularity. Those. to solve certain problems, you can create certain processing or reports, "add-ons" on the system. They will work, but the basic solutions will remain intact. But if for some purpose you need to make changes to the work of documents or directories, you will need to make changes to all subsystems that exist in the configuration.
Due to the lack of modularity in this system, it is impossible to make any significant adjustments to the accounting department or, for example, to the work warehouse accounting without significant changes in documents and reference books intended for other departments. They are all connected and work with the same directories and documents. However, this feature is widely known, as it is inherent in all software products from 1C.
And therefore, no one usually makes significant improvements in this system, they try to get by with external processing, reports and other add-ons. Industry solutions are most often just a variation of such a set of add-ons that was created for a particular enterprise related to a specified area. And you will still need certain improvements, the cost of which differs little from the refinement of the basic configuration. And the reliability of a typical solution is always higher than products from partner companies.
Output. If you are satisfied with the basic configuration of the system, it is best to buy and install it. But at the same time, it is very important that experienced specialists are involved in the implementation of the system, who will be able not only to set up the software, but also make all the necessary improvements for your business, reports, and integrate with other software products and systems.
With a competent approach, the 1C Manufacturing Enterprise Management system becomes an excellent tool that will allow you to get a high level of automation of business processes and coordinate the work of different departments of the company.
As a conclusion, I want to give some advice to those who decide to purchase and implement the program “1c: Manufacturing Enterprise Management 8 ed.1.3”:1. Choose a strategy
SCP is a complex and large product that claims to be universal. The product is expensive, and I'm talking here not only about the cost of acquisition, but also about the cost of owning the program - qualified specialists are expensive, and there are very few of them. Choose a strategy and determine why you are buying this particular program and how you will use it, what you are going to do with it next.What are the strategies? A client of mine chose this configuration because "it's the only system that has it all." This enterprise worked in several systems: 1s, Excel, etc. - they decided to take one system for accounting consolidation.
Another company that was developing production wanted to control work in progress - they were worried about accounting for materials in production. This is also a strategy.