List of offshore zones. Blacklists of offshore zones in Russia
Offshore zone- this is a separate part of the territory of the state or the entire state, in which non-resident companies have special tax, registration, licensing and legal regimes for conducting their activities. At the same time, in most cases, the main condition for staying offshore is the conduct of activities by a non-resident outside this offshore territory.
Pay attention! The given cost data are approximate. More accurate data must be clarified in the registrar companies or registration offices. legal services specific offshore.
Table. List of offshore zones 2019:
Numbering | offshore state | Approximate cost of registration, in dollars | From the second year, in dollars |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Austria | 13000 | 5300 |
2 | Anguilla | 2200 | 1500 |
3 | Angola | 15000 | 9500 |
4 | Andorra | 13100 | 6800 |
5 | Antigua | 2950 | 1680 |
6 | Afghanistan | — | — |
7 | Bahamas | 2600 | 1520 |
8 | Bangladesh | 3390 | 1990 |
9 | Barbados | 1050 | 900 |
10 | Bahrain | 7875 | 4500 |
11 | Belize | 1790 | 1250 |
12 | Belgium | 21325 | 6272 |
13 | Benin | 10250 | — |
14 | Bulgaria | 2900 | 2500 |
15 | Bolivia | 13900 | 7450 |
16 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 11900 | 6780 |
17 | Virgin Islands | 1990 | 1390 |
18 | Brunei Darussalam | 22500 | 15000 |
19 | Burkina Faso | 15300 | 8430 |
20 | Burundi | 12450 | 7550 |
21 | Butane | — | — |
22 | Vanuatu | 4690 | 2950 |
23 | Great Britain | 2000 | 970 |
24 | Hungary | 4900 | 3458 |
25 | Gabon | 1200 | 880 |
26 | Guyana | — | — |
27 | Haiti | — | — |
28 | Gambia | — | — |
29 | Ghana | — | — |
30 | Guatemala | — | — |
31 | Guinea | — | — |
32 | Guinea-Bissau | — | — |
33 | Germany | 8650 | 2300 |
34 | guernsey | 11670 | 6690 |
35 | Gibraltar | 3380 | 1830 |
36 | Honduras | — | — |
37 | Hong Kong | 2490 | 1570 |
38 | Grenada | — | — |
39 | Greenland | — | — |
40 | Greece | 7998 | 3990 |
41 | Guam | — | — |
42 | Denmark | 17120 | 6180 |
43 | DRC | — | — |
44 | Jersey | 3740 | 6460 |
45 | Djibouti | — | — |
46 | Dominica | 2100 | 1280 |
47 | Dominican Republic | — | — |
48 | Zambia | 1200 | 990 |
49 | Zimbabwe | 900 | 775 |
50 | Yemen | — | — |
51 | India | 7060 | 1480 |
52 | Jordan | 1690 | 1540 |
53 | Iraq | 800 | 670 |
54 | Ireland | 5640 | 2880 |
55 | Iceland | 5900 | 1950 |
56 | Spain | 7755 | 4675 |
57 | Italy | 8755 | 1260 |
58 | Cape Verde | — | — |
59 | Cayman Islands | 6200 | 5250 |
60 | Cambodia | — | — |
61 | Cameroon | 1500 | 1380 |
62 | Campione d'Italia | 15160 | 0 |
63 | Canada (British Columbia) | 2990 | 2470 |
64 | Canada (New Brunswick) | 2950 | 2495 |
65 | Canada (Ontario) | 3450 | 1980 |
66 | Kenya | 1300 | 1050 |
67 | Cyprus | 2760 | 1250 |
68 | Kiribati | — | — |
69 | Colombia | 1600 | 1250 |
70 | Comoros | 900 | 780 |
71 | Costa Rica | 4480 | 975 |
72 | Ivory Coast | 1400 | 950 |
73 | Curacao | 3000 | 2350 |
74 | Lao PDR | — | — |
75 | Latvia | 3430 | 2270 |
76 | Lesotho | — | — |
77 | Liberia | 1420 | 890 |
78 | Liechtenstein | 14060 | 7080 |
79 | Luxembourg | 14250 | 11340 |
80 | Mauritius | 9990 | 3485 |
81 | Mauritania | 15400 | 5350 |
82 | Madagascar | 9340 | 5780 |
83 | Madeira | 12270 | 3150 |
84 | Macau | 16470 | 5190 |
85 | Malawi | — | — |
86 | Malaysia: Labuan Island | — | — |
87 | Maldives | — | — |
88 | Malta | 6300 | 4210 |
89 | Marshall Islands | 2200 | 1160 |
90 | micronesia | — | — |
91 | Mozambique | 800 | 510 |
92 | Monaco | 7880 | 3890 |
93 | Montserrat | — | — |
94 | Myanmar | — | — |
95 | Nauru | — | — |
96 | Nevis | 2300 | 1420 |
97 | Nepal | — | — |
98 | Niger | — | — |
99 | Nigeria | — | — |
100 | Netherlands | 15240 | 5010 |
101 | Nicaragua | — | — |
102 | Niue | 1870 | 1400 |
103 | New Zealand | 7980 | 1310 |
104 | Norfolk | 5995 | 4895 |
105 | UAE (Ajman) | 4890 | 3190 |
106 | UAE (Dubai) | 15980 | 10980 |
107 | United Arab Emirates (Ras Al Khaimah) | 6190 | 3740 |
108 | Oman | — | — |
109 | Cook Islands | — | — |
110 | Pakistan | — | — |
111 | Palau | — | — |
112 | Palestine | — | — |
113 | Panama | 2700 | 1160 |
114 | Panama | 1370 | — |
115 | Papua New Guinea | — | — |
116 | Paraguay | — | — |
117 | Peru | — | — |
118 | Portugal | 17130 | 10660 |
119 | Puerto Rico | — | — |
120 | Republic of the Congo | — | — |
121 | Rwanda | — | — |
122 | Samoa | 940 | 780 |
123 | San Marino | 610 | 540 |
124 | Sao Tome and Principe | — | — |
125 | Swaziland | — | — |
126 | Seychelles | 1390 | 950 |
127 | Senegal | — | — |
128 | Saint Martin | — | — |
129 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1400 | 1110 |
130 | Saint Lucia | 2390 | 1580 |
131 | Singapore | 3820 | 2145 |
132 | Slovakia | 6710 | 2180 |
133 | Solomon Islands | — | — |
134 | Somalia | — | — |
135 | Sudan | — | — |
136 | Suriname | — | — |
137 | USA (Delaware) | 2100 | 1480 |
138 | USA (New York) | 2100 | 1520 |
139 | USA (Oregon) | 2100 | 1380 |
140 | Sierra Leone | — | — |
141 | Taiwan | 8100 | 5280 |
142 | Taiwan (China) | — | — |
143 | Thailand | 8730 | 3840 |
144 | Tanzania, United Republic | — | — |
145 | Turks and Caicos | 2480 | 1900 |
146 | Timor Leste | — | — |
147 | Togo | — | — |
148 | Tonga | — | — |
149 | Trinidad and Tobago | — | — |
150 | Tuvalu | — | — |
151 | Tunisia | — | — |
152 | Turkey | 6920 | 1995 |
153 | Uruguay | 6800 | 4700 |
154 | Faroe Islands | — | — |
155 | Fiji | — | — |
156 | Finland | 11962 | 5700 |
157 | CAR | — | — |
158 | Chad | 27100 | 12550 |
159 | Czech | 7680 | 4150 |
160 | Switzerland | 17010 | 7080 |
161 | Sweden | 24340 | 8300 |
162 | Scotland | 2350 | 990 |
163 | Ecuador | — | — |
164 | Equator. Guinea | — | — |
165 | El Salvador | — | — |
166 | Eritrea | — | — |
167 | Estonia | 6140 | 2500 |
168 | Ethiopia | 1100 | 1040 |
169 | Southern Sudan | 600 | 550 |
170 | Jamaica | 11585 | 6485 |
We also note that from February 19, the order of the Federal Tax Service (dated December 4, 2018) No. ММВ-7-17 / 786 takes legal effect, according to which the black list of offshore zones that are not exchanged tax information with Russia. Now this list includes only 100 countries and 7 offshore territories.
What are the benefits?
Such offshore countries and territorial spaces within states provide foreign entrepreneurs and investors with special conditions for conducting entrepreneurial activity. These benefits and conditions are most often enshrined in legislation:
- simplified and shortened registration of a legal entity;
- simple tax and accounting system;
- complete absence of audits;
- reduced tax rates;
- a special security system to protect persons engaged in credit, fraudulent and competitive activities;
- universal legislative standards that allow you to build a business to solve different problems;
- a reliable system for the protection of personal data of owners of registered companies;
- wider accessibility to other financial markets and financial instruments;
- and others.
However, it is worth noting that such zones are not completely secure in terms of disclosure. confidential information. An example of this is the Panamagate data breach at Mossack Fonseca in April 2016. This company has long been involved in the support and registration of legal entities in the Panama offshore. From the data stolen and published by the hacker group, it became known that among its clients there were many citizens of Ukraine and Russia.
IN Lately citizens of our country are increasingly faced with such a definition as offshore countries. But what does it represent, what role does it play? For most in the business world, this remains confusing.
Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to the disclosure of this topic and show what is actually hidden under this terminology.
As a rule, such benefits are used by companies that are not residents of the country or, in a simple way, foreign companies.
All taxes paid by companies go to the state budget across structural units Ministry of Finance of the offshore country.
Companies owned by Russia often transfer all their assets abroad, so our country does not receive huge financial injections, which is very bad for the country's economy.
Registration in such a zone has several advantages:
- the company's funds are not subject to world economic control;
- the level of taxation is much lower;
- the company's funds are protected and cannot be withdrawn by a court decision of the country in which the violation was recorded;
- large world banks are located in offshore zones, and, consequently, it is safer to store funds;
- information about the company and its management is not subject to disclosure;
- it is allowed to conduct any currency transactions among other participants in the offshore zone, even those that are prohibited on legislative level in many countries of the world;
- information about ongoing transactions remains without control and is not subject to public disclosure.
The offshore zone is presented as a huge financial center, where world companies are attracted, which means that huge capitals are directed to support the country's economy, providing it with huge advantages over the rest.
Doing business in such a country is not only profitable, but also economically justified. The maximum profit made by companies often exceeds by several times the profit of the largest companies registered in our country.
The concept of offshore and offshore zone have nothing in common, as they are completely different in nature. An offshore is understood as a specific company, and an offshore zone can be limited to the boundaries of an entire state.
Features of the offshore zone
Offshore zones have gained the greatest popularity due to their unique features:
- The procedure for registering companies is simplified and does not require lengthy consideration by the regulatory authorities and the Ministry of Finance.
- Income and turnover taxes are required to be paid by the Federal Tax Service at significantly lower rates.
In addition, it should be understood that, like any other country, an offshore zone is a full-fledged operating state, therefore, in some cases, it may be charged entrance fee for the registration process. The amount in each zone is different.
A quite logical question arises, what is the benefit for the state itself, which allows creating offshore companies? Are any companies registered with the permission of the Ministry of Finance?
The fact is that due to the existence of low tax rates, almost all the largest companies in the world seek to these offshore zones, and hence the influx Money into the country at an incredible speed.
The state wins due to the number of companies that came to its territory, besides, they operate in the territories of other states, which means they do not damage the economy and do not take away jobs from the indigenous population.
List of offshore zones
Turning to the world map, you can be horrified at how regularly the offshore countries are located. Each continent includes several states that provide similar conditions for the development and registration of commercial companies, while today there is a list of offshore companies from 50 states.
Some of the most beneficial in terms of understated taxation include:
- Scotland;
- Great Britain;
- Cyprus;
- Isle Of Man.
By registering in these states, commercial companies can quite legal grounds avoid taxes and penalties from the Federal Tax Service, which means developing your business model to the maximum, successfully competing with Russian companies.
The distribution of offshore zones by continent allows you to choose the one that is closest to the company's business and is not subject to the supervision of the Ministry of Finance. For example, considering Europe, we can distinguish such countries as:
- Latvia;
- Holland;
- Switzerland;
- Slovakia;
- Poland;
- UK and others.
In most cases, they register large holding companies, as well as those that are successful in the field of IT technologies, tourism and Agriculture. It is believed that these countries have the best and most effective taxation models for the development of these business areas.
But if we consider the Asian part, then the list of offshore zones is the least developed in China and Singapore. These countries allow the most efficient development of research companies in the field of high-tech processes.
Classification of offshore zones
It is customary to divide the list of offshore zones into 2 types:
- Conditions created for foreign companies, completely eliminate the payment of taxes on profits. However, in order to be able to refer to the offshore countries of the country, the company is obliged to pay an annual fee, the amount of which can vary in both directions.
- A zone that provides preferential terms for companies. This type creates economic model state of peculiar Finance center, and the opportunity to do business at a lower interest rate attracts hundreds of companies to the offshore zone every year.
Before choosing an offshore zone for registering a company, you should study the current legislation of the country, as well as analyze the countries where the company is allowed to conduct business.
Most analysts are inclined to believe that the registration of companies on the territory of the islands, where there are no taxes, is the best option.
In addition, you do not have to take care of the safety of confidential information, since it is offshore zones that are maximally prepared at the legislative level to protect information about trade secrets.
Yes, and often when contacting judiciary in our country, such states refuse to provide information about the persons who own the company. Offshore zones do not have their own army, because they understand their purpose and no country wants to start a military conflict with such a zone where the money of its citizens can also be stored.
Estonia, Switzerland, Portugal and Cyprus are ideal for doing honest business. These countries, using their jurisdiction, offer low tax rates and deductions that allow companies to successfully develop without causing financial difficulties and legal problems.
Conclusion
As previously noted, you should always be careful about choosing an offshore zone, and unpreparedness for current legislation country in which it is planned to undergo the procedure for registering a company, will lead to difficult economic problems.
Consult with financial experts, clarify all the details in advance so as not to end up in an unpleasant situation.
And the right offshore zone will allow you to increase the capital of the company quickly, efficiently and reliably store personal information about the owner and shareholders, protect against attacks by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Federal Tax Service.
To create order and a certain system, a certain number of lists have appeared in the world, which include different countries. It can be both white and black lists created by influential world organizations or lists compiled by each country individually. The purpose of these lists is to control the movement of capital from country to country, in accordance with numerous tax transparency standards, and to combat money laundering and terrorist financing.
Often, the main participants in offshore lists are classic offshore jurisdictions, such as, and so on. All these countries are attractive for doing international business, as well as for protecting offshore assets. In order to somehow influence the outflow of capital, governments from the leading countries of the world, which are experiencing problems with liquidity and capital in general, manipulate their ability to add or remove certain offshore jurisdictions from their lists. For example, Ukraine, which did not include Panama in the list of offshore jurisdictions after Panama signed agreements with the United States.
But let's take a closer look at who keeps the lists, and what they are. There are several world organizations that include a large number of member countries, and decisions made by these organizations are automatically taken in all member countries of a particular organization. It's about about the two main organizations:
OECD - Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The members of the organization are 30 states.
FATF is an international organization for combating the financing of terrorism and the laundering of criminal capital. More than 30 states take part in the activities of the FATF (this includes Russia).
These organizations have not only white lists, these are countries that meet all the standards of tax transparency, and fight against money laundering and terrorist financing, but also black ones. Blacklists are lists of offshore areas that are subject to unacceptable tax competition and do not meet international standards of transparency.
The OECD blacklisted the following jurisdictions: Andorra, Monaco, Liechtenstein and the Marshall Islands. And the FATF contributed Myanmar, Nigeria and Nauru.
But apart from the OECD and FATF, each country has the right to draw up its own blacklists.
Lists of offshore zones in Russia
Russia has as many as two lists of countries with which to think about cooperation. The fact is that already in 2002 Russia had its own official “black list”, which included offshore jurisdictions that did not meet the standard of tax competition. This "black list" is actually divided into two. The first list includes all countries with which there is no avoidance agreement double taxation, and the second list contains countries with which it is not recommended to cooperate. These jurisdictions include:
Maldives |
|
Bahamas |
Marshall Islands |
Bermuda |
Monaco, Isle of Man |
British Virgin Islands |
Nauru, Niue island |
Guernsey |
San Marino |
Gibraltar |
Seychelles |
Saint Vincent |
|
jersey island |
Saint Lucia |
Dominica, Cayman |
Turks and Caicos |
Canary Islands |
|
Liechtenstein |
These jurisdictions also appear in Appendix 1 to Bank of Russia Ordinance No. 1317-U dated August 7, 2003 “On the Procedure for Establishing Correspondent Relations with Non-Resident Banks Registered in States and Territories Providing a Preferential Tax Treatment and (or) that do not provide for the disclosure and provision of information during the financial transactions (offshore zones)". This list says that Russian banks cooperate with branches of offshore financial institutions in accordance with the instructions of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. On this basis, there is an additional list that classifies offshore jurisdictions into 3 categories that determine the level of interaction between Russian and foreign credit institutions.
1st group - the most respected offshore zones |
2nd group - traditional offshore jurisdictions |
3rd group - the least respectable countries |
channel islands Isle Of Man Singapore Ireland Switzerland Montenegro and others |
British Virgin Islands Seychelles Saint Vincent US states of Delaware and Wyoming |
Marshall Islands Liechtenstein |
In addition, Russia has a common list, which includes all offshore jurisdictions. For more details on this list, see the table below.
Lists of offshore zones from the OECD
The OECD also has several lists that include many jurisdictions around the world. The first list includes jurisdictions that have introduced most of the accepted global standards regarding tax cooperation:
Australia US Virgin Islands Argentina Barbados Great Britain Germany Ireland Iceland Mauritius |
Netherlands New Zealand Norway United Arab Emirates Isle Of Man Portugal the Russian Federation The Slovak Republic United States of America Finland Czech Republic Republic of South Africa |
The second list includes countries that have adopted international standards tax relations, but not yet fully implemented. These are the zones with reduced taxation:
Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas British Virgin Islands Gibraltar Dominica Cayman islands |
Liechtenstein Marshall Islands Montserrat Netherlands Antilles Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines San Mariino Cook Islands Turks and Caicos Islands |
And there is also a list with other zones: Austria, Belgium, Brunei, Guatemala, Luxembourg, Singapore, Chile, Switzerland. And the countries that did not agree to accept internationally accepted norms of tax relations: Costa Rica, Malaysia (Labuan), the Philippines, and Uruguay.
However, despite the existence of extended lists of international organizations, as already described above with the example of Russia, each country has its own lists. If we talk about European countries, then these lists are mostly outdated and not expanded. For example, such an offshore zone as Nevis is not included in the offshore lists of Spain and France. And there are also such European countries that, on the contrary, are not “black lists”, but white ones. Such a list exists in Estonia. In fact, the country pointed to the countries that are most attractive for cooperation, and not vice versa.
In practice, if you are planning to establish an offshore company and start your business on an international level, then you definitely need to contact the offshore specialists from our company Offshore Pro Group for advice. Our experts will provide you with professional advice on registration issues offshore company, as well as advise you on such aspects as the existence of double tax treaties, territorial taxation, and so on. Contact us by email [email protected] .
Offshore zones in Russia are not as well known to a wide range of businessmen and are not as popular as "tax havens" abroad. This is primarily related to low level development of such territories, unstable economic situation within the state, imperfect legislation. Yes, and the name of these zones in Russia is different: here they function as free or special economic zones.
Offshore types
Zones are divided according to a variety of criteria. So, for example, they could be:
- external - to be outside the Russian Federation (Switzerland, Seychelles, etc.)
- internal - to be located on the territory of the country (Kalmykia, Kaliningrad, etc.).
The creation and regulation of the activities of internal offshore companies is carried out on the basis of the Federal Law No. 116 of July 22, 2005 (last amended on July 13, 2015) “On Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation”.
According to this legislative act, name that part of the territory of the Russian Federation on which, according to the decision of the government, a special taxation regime has been established; also some regions are a zone of free customs control.
The main purpose of establishing such benefits is the development of territories where liberal business rules will apply.
Offshore zones of the Russian Federation
Thus, special economic zones have been created on the territory of the Russian Federation, which, according to the principles of their functioning, are analogues. For all legal entities-residents, which are provided with preferential terms of taxation, duty-free import of raw materials and export of finished products.
The list of offshore zones in Russia consists of 25 territories.
All of them are divided into 4 types, depending on which particular areas of the economy will be the main focus in developing and stimulating business in a particular region:
- Industrial production. Represented by 5 zones: Alabuga, Lipetsk, Titanium Valley, Tolyatti, Moglino.
- Techno-innovative. Also available 5 territories: Dubna, Tomsk, Zelenograd, Innopolis.
- Tourist and recreational. The largest number is 12 territories: the Gates of Baikal, the Curonian Spit, etc.;
- Port. Only 3 zones have been created: Murmansk, Ulyanovsk, Khabarovsk.
All zones have been created for 20 years, except for technology and innovation zones - the period of their operation is limited to 15 years.
Types of benefits
Each provides for the following tax incentives:
![](https://i1.wp.com/schetavbanke.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/offshornye-zony-v-rossii3.png)
- that the property was purchased for the purpose of operating within the zone;
- the property is located offshore;
- the property is actually used in production.
In addition to general benefits, there are also specialized ones that operate in certain types of zones:
- businessmen who wish to register in industrial production or tourist zones can apply in accounting accelerated depreciation;
- residents of the techno-innovative zone accrue insurance premiums to the Social Insurance Fund during 2011-2019. at reduced rates.
What are the disadvantages
They work on the principle that, regardless of the place of activity, a legal entity pays taxes at the place of its registration. This is the most main problem because there are a number of difficulties:
![](https://i2.wp.com/schetavbanke.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/offshornye-zony-v-rossii2.png)
The only positive thing is that this direction has just begun to develop in Russia, and for industries with large volumes that have registered in zones with low taxation, savings on payments to the budget will be noticeable.
What are offshore companies and how to work with them: Video
What is an offshore zone. What are they used for, what benefits do preferential offshore zones provide. Legal withdrawal of funds to offshore. List of zones for Russia for 2020 and their varieties.
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The concept of "offshore zones" has been around for more than a year. Everyone at least once heard about how businessmen withdraw their funds through companies registered in the territories that offer them benefits.
But what are offshore zones? What are their advantages and features, not everyone knows.
These questions are primarily asked by the owners of enterprises that plan to register in offshore zones.
Therefore, we will try to understand the main points and how to legally withdraw funds to an offshore zone.
General aspects
The benefits of using offshore zones are that international organizations the following conditions apply:
- favorable preferential taxation;
- ensuring non-disclosure of information about owners, partners and transactions;
- fast registration due to understandable conditions;
- absence financial control from the side government agencies(not in all countries).
It should be taken into account that many states, on whose territory there are offshore zones, include the mandatory employment of their own citizens in the conditions of registration of non-resident companies.
What it is
IN modern conditions market economy every owner of an enterprise engaged in international business would like to reduce the amount of taxes paid.
There are a limited number of ways to do this legally. One of them is registration in an offshore zone.
What are they needed for
The main purpose of offshore zones is to simplify the conduct of international activities of companies. First of all, they avoid double taxation.
It also provides an opportunity to reduce tax payments compared to companies doing international business under the standard scheme.
Offshore companies can be used to simplify export-import operations, which allows them to be exempted from additional tax payments.
There may also be benefits legal entities carrying out trust transactions. Offshore zones allow you to bring the company to the international level.
Registration on the territory of offshore countries allows you to use international banks. This increases the likelihood of transactions between companies in the global market.
In addition, registration in an offshore zone allows you to attract additional international investments into the activities of the company.
That is, we can say that the offshore zone allows you to effectively bring the company to international market and announce its activities.
Legal grounds
The use of offshore zones is legal within the regulatory framework most states.
IN Russian legislation a number of acts are presented that regulate the issue of creating offshore companies, a list of zones in which this can be done, etc.
Federal laws govern currency operations carried out as part of the international activities of companies registered in offshore zones and operating in Russia and other states.
TO normative documentation laws include:
The implementation of any activity involves the movement of funds. And it usually happens in non-cash form, therefore, when conducting the activities of companies registered in offshore zones, banks of the country in which the registration was carried out take part.
The relations of Russian banks with them are regulated.
At the same time, it should be noted that the leaders of a company that does not comply with the rules for the legal use of offshore zones are criminally liable for their actions.
The punishments provided for such atrocities are indicated in.
To avoid double taxation, aspects of the activities of international companies registered in offshore zones are also highlighted.
List of offshore zones in 2020
There are offshore zones of the world that have been operating for more than a dozen years. The first was Switzerland, which has special protection legislation bank deposits followed by the Netherlands, followed by Britain.
Today there are several dozen of them. Ministry of Finance Russian Federation at the same time, it does not recognize official and legal activities in all zones.
You can find their list in the order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, which is mentioned above. The appendix to this order, which, in fact, contains itself, can be considered further.
It is worth noting that in 2009 another one was published normative act in red. , on changes to this list and the exclusion of certain countries from it.
What are the types
Depending on the features inherent in a certain offshore zone, they can be classified according to several criteria.
In general, there are three main types:
Classic | “then, as a rule, island states of a small size, allowing non-residents, for a fee, to register an international company, which will have legal address within its limits, but to carry out its activities outside its aisles |
With a low level of taxation set for companies | Registered in their territory single tax in a certain amount |
Conditional territories | Not being offshore zones, but enabling international companies to register on their territory, without subsequently carrying out entrepreneurial activities |
With territorial taxation
The territorial tax regime in offshore zones is the most profitable and attractive for businessmen. But it has its own characteristics.
Companies registered in offshore zones with territorial tax regime, receive a benefit in the form of a rate of 0%.
Also, the conditions for registration in their territory provide for the avoidance of double taxation by fulfilling certain.
But in return for such benefits, the state in which the offshore zone is located puts forward its own requirements for offshore enterprises.
Video: offshore zones. Offshore and corruption
They support “transparency” in doing business and therefore require managers to keep financial records.
Also, within the framework of the conditions of registration in such zones, requirements for the employment of citizens may be presented.
But it is worth noting that doing business registered in zones with territorial taxation increases the level of trust in the company.
The most famous countries that have created offshore zones with similar conditions are Singapore, Hong Kong and others.
Low tax
Countries with low taxation provide for a tax on income, which is only 10%. Of course, in comparison with the 0% rate, this is a significant figure.
But if we compare this rate with the 35% rate established in the Russian Federation for international companies, the advantages are obvious.
At the same time, one should not forget about reporting, which in these conditions of cooperation should also be kept by offshore owners.
State authorities of countries can also hold annual companies in order to verify the legality of their work. This is due to the fact that many entrepreneurs simply use offshore companies to get rid of taxes and withdraw personal funds.
Countries that have created offshore zones with minimal taxation are interested in the “transparency” of the operation schemes of companies registered on their territory. Therefore, exercise personal control over their activities.
For certain activities
In certain countries where an offshore zone is provided, only companies engaged in a certain type of activity are exempt from taxation.
For example, in order to stimulate trade in the international food market.
In this case, more goods of this category enter the international market and its availability is ensured, which is extremely important when considering the gastronomic crisis in certain regions.
Where some entities are exempt
Another type of loyalty of countries with dedicated offshore zones is the exemption from taxation of certain legal entities.
But only at the discretion of the bodies responsible for registering the company. At the same time, reporting and mandatory bookkeeping may be canceled in such zones.
Cyprus is one of those areas. It is very popular with businessmen who conduct their main activities in the territory of the Russian Federation.
Is there in Russia
There are offshore zones that are world famous. They provide their terms of cooperation to many countries and are very popular.
But also, considering the list of countries with offshore zones, you can see in it countries that are little known both in themselves and as a privileged zone.
As you know, an offshore zone may not be represented entirely by a country, but by its certain territory.
In this regard, many international companies have a question whether there are offshore zones on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Taking into account the fact that the majority of international companies operating in the territory of the Russian Federation are registered in other states, it would be advisable for Russia to have its own preferential zone.
If we consider an offshore zone as a classic or with minimized taxes, and created in accordance with all the rules, then there is no such territory in Russia.
But at the same time, there is a separate zone that allows you to simplify the process of import or export, part of financial transactions, and also exempts international companies registered on its territory from taxation. Such territory is the Kaliningrad region.
It is located in the most favorable location for European countries. But such a zone is not offshore, it is conditional and provides only partial benefits for non-resident companies.
The offshore zone is in simple words, - the state or a specially designated part of it, which is intended for registration of the activities of foreign companies.