Loan restructuring - details about debt restructuring for a loan for individuals. Golden rules for credit restructuring
A borrower who has lost his solvency has the right to apply for help to the bank that previously provided the loan. What is loan debt restructuring? This is a set of measures to help pay off your obligations for more favorable terms... At the same time, organizations receive their funds back, and their clients get out of a difficult financial situation with minimal losses.
Restructuring of debt obligations is understood as a change in the original conditions loan agreement... Borrowers, turning to banks for material support, undertake to act in accordance with the rules of the signed agreement. The document regulates the provisions on loan repayment, the procedure for making debt, the timing and amount of payments, the possibility of early fulfillment of obligations. Other conditions are also prescribed, such as the amount of interest on loans, the procedure for calculating fines for untimely and incomplete transfers.
Credit organizations in any case will strive to get their money back. For this, in the event of delays, extreme measures can also be applied, such as resorting to arbitration or the involvement of collection services. A complete refusal to pay will only exacerbate the already unenviable position of the borrower. The result can be higher levies due to accrued forfeits, seizure of property and damaged credit reputation, which will certainly play a negative role when trying to borrow money in the future.
When the financial situation of clients deteriorates, banks, upon their request, can offer a number of measures that will improve their solvency. Usually it comes about refinancing and restructuring. In exceptional cases, the borrower can defend his rights in court, but only on condition that the bank itself has grossly violated the terms of the contract.
How it differs from refinancing
To reduce the financial burden on credit liabilities, borrowers often pay attention to restructuring and refinancing procedures. The goals of the declared actions are the same - to help in paying off the debt. However, the execution algorithms can differ significantly. Refinancing refers to a loan for the purpose of repaying the previous one on more favorable terms.
As a rule, the advantage is a lower interest rate, which is noticeably reflected in monthly payments and the total amount of debt. Also, an additional loan can be provided for a longer period, which also reduces the amount of payments.
Refinancing can be arranged both in the original bank issuing the loan, and in a completely different one. Currently, many credit institutions provide similar services. Taking responsibility for repaying current debts, they draw up new loan agreements with clients. The restructuring procedure is characterized by the presence of different rules.
The financial burden is reduced under the current contract. The parties are revising the initial conditions, as a result of which the borrower will be able to repay debts with less losses.
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Credit institutions reluctantly agree to the terms of changing contracts with customers. Decrease interest rate or an increase in the maturity of the debt negatively affects the bottom line. Nevertheless, in case of a real threat of possible non-payment, the organization's specialists can meet their clients halfway. In some cases, if there are several delays in payments, banks, before resorting to arbitration, often invite clients to reconsider the original terms of the agreement.
- Dismissal
- Official abbreviation wages, including as a result of transfer to another position or to a reduced work schedule
- Changes in family circumstances (childbirth, relocation and other factors)
- Long-term disability for the borrower or his family members
- Change in exchange rates
- Deterioration financial situation borrower for other reasons
It should be remembered that it is a right, not an obligation, of banks to apply restructuring. Credit institutions, depending on the internal policy and the circumstances of the client, may refuse to revise the current terms of the agreement. In any case, the presence of an additional agreement or its absence does not in any way affect the obligation to fulfill the credit conditions. The borrower will also be obliged to make payments on the debt in full and on time, as evidenced by the provisions of Art. 309 and 310 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
Unilateral refusal to further fulfill the terms of the contract is not allowed. Therefore, you should not disrupt the payment schedule after submitting an application for restructuring. The debtor will need to provide substantial evidence to reduce his solvency. Moreover, banks prefer to work and even make some concessions with those clients whose financial discipline is not questioned.
Advantages
Revision of the terms of the loan agreement does not always mean a general decrease in the financial burden of the debtor. Usually we are talking only about increasing the period for debt. In this case, the amount itself does not decrease, moreover, it can be increased.
What is the benefit to the borrower from the restructuring? The deteriorating financial situation makes making monthly payments to the bank account problematic. For borrowers, recurring payments may not be comparable to their income. Revision of the contractual relationship towards an increase in the period allows you to reduce the monthly load due to the general growth of debt. As a result, the bank does not lose its benefits, while clients get the opportunity to pay off debts less painfully in material terms.
Among the main advantages of restructuring are the following:
- Possibility of keeping positive credit history.
- Consolidation of your own financial efforts by changing the terms of the contract in favor of the payer.
- No penalties for late payments.
- Details of further cooperation are discussed only at the level of interested parties, prevention of litigation and involvement of third parties in a conflict situation.
Who can use it and when
Regardless of the bank's decision, you should ask for help as early as possible, avoiding possible delays in payment. Chances of getting approval credit institution above, if the financial discipline of the borrower is not questionable. Revision of the original terms of the contract is allowed in the presence of a number of circumstances. The main criterion is a decrease in solvency. Most often, the financial situation worsens due to:
- job loss
- disability due to illness
- changes in marital status
- other options
How to choose a bank
The restructuring procedure can be carried out by the bank where the loan agreement was originally signed. The organization has the right to revise the current terms at its discretion. It is better to clarify the admissibility of making possible adjustments initially. At the same time, the proposed options do not always meet the requirements of borrowers.
If the restructuring procedure is not profitable for the payer, it is recommended to pay attention to refinancing services. Currently, most banks agree to take on debt obligations of borrowers on more favorable terms. Some refinancing programs involve the repayment of several loans at the same time. In some cases, actions are also available with a negative financial reputation.
How is it formalized
Delay in payments for several months is the basis for the bank's close attention to the borrower. The debtor receives a notification with a proposal to pay off the arrears as soon as possible. Otherwise, the collection can be carried out with the involvement of the courts.
In an effort to recover their funds, banks have the right to offer clients a number of ways to resolve problems, including a restructuring plan. Nevertheless, in order to reduce the negative consequences, it is recommended to contact credit institutions immediately, avoiding delays. This gives conscientious clients an advantage and increases the chances of revising credit provisions on favorable terms.
What programs exist
There are several options for resolving the financial difficulties of the borrower with the help of a bank. As restructuring, such measures are used as increasing the term of the agreement, lowering the interest rate, changing the currency of loans and others. The main ones are discussed below.
Prolongation of the loan agreement
The most popular debt restructuring measure is the prolongation of the loan agreement. An increase in the loan term does not reduce the total amount of debt, and even increases this indicator, but the need to transfer a smaller amount on a monthly basis has a positive effect on the borrower. Usually, the condition for a possible prolongation is negotiated initially. Therefore, before contacting the bank, it is recommended to study the provisions of the document again. But even if there is no such item on changing the payment schedule, it is worth contacting the employees of the organization directly. It is highly likely that in the presence of confirmed unforeseen circumstances that have changed the level of the borrower's solvency, the bank will go towards the client.
The conditions for the prolongation are negotiated after the payer writes the corresponding application, provides supporting documents. Usually the procedure does not take long. Within a few days, adjustments to the original conditions can be made. In order to avoid further overpayment of the cost of the loan as a result of the extension of the term of the agreement, borrowers in most cases are not prohibited from repaying debt ahead of schedule after stabilization of their financial situation. This measure will help to avoid additional costs in the form of accrued interest.
It is worth considering that the bank is unlikely to go to restructuring debt obligations in the form of prolongation within the framework of one agreement. Therefore, it is worthwhile in parallel to independently take measures to improve the financial situation.
Another type of debt restructuring is the provision of credit vacations. This measure involves the introduction of some temporary changes in the payment schedule in the form of a deferral. In this case, the following options are possible:
- Full reprieve. The borrower gets the right not to repay the loan for a certain period, usually several months. During this time, no penalties are provided.
- Partial deferral involves the payment of only a portion of the benefits. Usually we are talking about paying off interest without taking into account the principal debt.
Banks prefer to use the 2nd option, which may not be so beneficial for the borrower, especially at the initial stages of repayment of obligations, when the amount of interest is quite substantial. Credit Holidays viewed as additional service jar. You can use it when special circumstances occur in life, for example, when you are on maternity leave.
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Decrease in interest under the contract
The most successful option for payers is to revise the loan agreement in favor of lowering the interest rate. The benefits for the borrower are obvious, since there is a real relaxation of the debt burden, which can be quite significant. Reducing the interest rate under the current loan agreement is the most beneficial measure for the payer. This is especially true for long-term agreements. For example, when paying off a mortgage with annuity payments, even a slight relaxation will save a decent amount for the borrower.
As a rule, banks are reluctant to agree to lower interest rates, preferring to restructure loans in other ways. Nevertheless, the Central Bank of the Russian Federation issued a Letter dated 01/30/18, the provisions of which allow credit institutions to revise the current rate. Moreover, when drafting contracts, it is recommended to use the clause on the possibility of revising the cost of a loan when changing key rate.
If you wish to take advantage of such measures, the client will have to provide the bank with a number of documents with information about his solvency and current financial condition... However, it is worth remembering that the likely reduction in the interest rate is only a recommended measure, the bank makes the final decision independently, focusing on the internal policy of the institution. Chances are good that the request will be approved if banks have similar refinancing programs in their arsenal. In addition, one of the conditions for revising the agreement is the financial discipline of the borrower. Delays in payments are undesirable.
Currency exchange
Another way of restructuring is to replace the currency of the loan. Relevant in case of course instability national currency... The devaluation of the ruble in 2014 financially brought down the solvency of many borrowers who signed contracts in foreign currency. Banks usually do not benefit from renegotiating such conditions. Usually, a change in an existing contract occurs under the influence of external factors and largely depends on the decisions of the management of organizations.
Penalty write-off
Late payments, violation of other terms of the agreement lead to the appearance of penalties. In addition to paying the principal and accrued current interest, the borrower has an additional obligation to pay the forfeit. The cost of fines and penalties can be quite high. The penalty is calculated for each day of delay in amounts significantly exceeding the usual accrual of interest. Therefore, in the absence of transfers for a long time, the debt can grow significantly.
The reason for late non-payments may be not only the banal unwillingness to pay and the irresponsibility of the borrower. Force majeure and the onset of unfavorable situations also do not allow the debt to be repaid on time. Restructuring as a forfeit write-off is quite rare. However, if you have valid reasons, you can try to contact the bank for help. If the organization's specialists consider the arguments provided to be convincing, then it is likely that the borrower will be canceled the accrual of penalties and fines.
Only the main debt and interest will have to be paid. Usually, this measure is resorted to in situations in which the borrower was not able to make the next payment, for example, during hospitalization or departure.
Combination of several ways
In difficult situations and a difficult financial situation, the restructuring program can combine several ways at the same time. The agreement between the bank and the client is carried out through a personal conversation and an individual approach. Combining several ways to reduce debt at the same time is not always beneficial for borrowers. The main advantage for them is getting a deferral without charging additional penalties. In this case, the period of validity of the loan agreement and the total amount of debt may be increased.
With the help of state support
In some cases, the state allows its active participation in helping borrowers. Such actions become possible with the development of special programs at the federal level. One of these is support for certain categories of mortgage borrowers. The Mortgage Agency established for this purpose housing lending designed to provide assistance to the population with the repayment of obligations in the amount of up to 600,000 rubles, but not more than 20% of the volume total debt... It is envisaged that the state assumes responsibility for the payment of part of the debt.
Actions are aimed at special categories of borrowers, among which there may be persons falling under the following criteria:
- disabled
- combat veterans
- persons under 35 years of age with children
- parents of disabled children
- employees of municipal institutions, state authorities and local government
Proof of declining income may be required. Applications are considered if the income for each family member is less than 2 living wages.
Participation in the program below is free of charge. A number of conditions must be met:
- Secured housing should be the only one
- Housing should not be characterized as "elite"
- The area of the apartment is taken into account: for a one-room apartment - up to 45 sq. M, for a two-room apartment - no more than 65 sq. M; three-room apartment - up to 85 sq. m. If there are 3 children or more, the area of the dwelling is not taken into account
You can find out more about government support programs by contacting the bank. It is worth considering that the promotions are limited, and if the selection criteria are not met, a refusal is possible.
What documents are needed
Clients initially apply for restructuring. The reasons for revising the conditions must be confirmed by a number of documents, including:
- income statement
- work book confirming the fact of dismissal
- disability documents
- child's birth certificate
- certificate of family composition
- consent of the spouse to amend the mortgage agreement
- certificate of registration with the employment service
- other documents confirming a decrease in solvency
Loan restructuring does not always mean more favorable conditions for the borrower. Banks are reluctant to take steps to reduce their profits. Most often, options are considered in which there is an extension of the loan term and, accordingly, an increase in total amount debt. Thus, despite the decrease in the volume of monthly payments, the amount of debt obligations is increasing.
But if the current situation does not allow paying off the debt in a timely manner and in full, it is still recommended to resort to rescue measures, including trying to arrange a restructuring. Subsequently, with an improvement in the financial situation early payments will help to reduce the amount of interest charges.
Debt restructuring on a loan is carried out in extreme cases - it helps to get back on schedule and pay on it before the loan is closed. But not all borrowers understand what debt restructuring means, so they go into delay and hide from the collection service specialists.
The essence of the process is to revise the terms of the loan agreement, as a result of which the client must pay a lower amount.
There are several types of restructuring, which are spelled out in FZ-127:
- revision of the term of the loan agreement, as a result of which the size of the planned payment is reduced;
- revision of the interest rate to reduce the size of the planned payment;
- providing credit vacations for up to 12 months, during which the client will only pay the amount of interest, excluding the principal debt;
- registration of refinancing, which means issuing a new loan to repay the old one with a decrease in the interest rate.
Usually, the restructuring of a loan in a bank is complex: the term of the agreement is increased and the interest rate is reduced. But good reasons are needed to design the product.
Reasons for registration
It is necessary to understand that the restructuring of a consumer loan occurs only if there are objective reasons that do not allow making payments on schedule.
These include:
- reduction from the main place of work (not dismissal by on their own);
- an increase in the number of dependents in the family;
- maternity leave;
- serving a sentence in places of deprivation of liberty or conscription into the army;
- decrease in income for objective reasons by more than 40%;
- a serious illness that requires long-term and immediate treatment.
Each case is considered by the bank in individually.
The following is taken into account:
When the borrower realizes that he cannot make payments on schedule, he himself needs to contact the service office to carry out debt restructuring at the bank. It should be understood that the negotiation process may drag on.
If you receive a refusal, you do not need to give up, it is important to require the registration of the program. It is recommended to take a document confirming the refusal to restructure. If the creditor sues to collect the debt, these certificates will be the basis for writing off most of the interest and the entire amount of fines.
How to restructure a loan. Statement
Everything happens as follows:
- the client faces financial difficulties, as a result of which it is not possible to make payments in full;
- contacting a bank branch and writing, which describes in detail the current life situation and a proposal for revising the terms of the contract;
- receiving a response to the application and providing for the restructuring of the loan debt;
- discussion of conditions with a bank specialist;
- signing of an additional agreement and registration of restructuring;
- getting a new one.
If the criteria for restructuring the borrower's debt are not met, then a refusal occurs. Usually the process of obtaining a permit takes a month or more. During this time, the debtor is obliged to make payments.
Restructuring loans from other banks
The process is called refinancing. It boils down to lowering the interest rate and issuing a new loan to repay the existing one. The borrower is obliged to provide a different package of documents, depending on which loan is refinanced.
Here are the main papers that must be provided to the bank:
If the guarantor was involved as security, then you need to provide his passport and a second identity document. When a pledge is used as security, it is required to additionally provide papers confirming the ownership.
In most banks, one of the requirements for refinancing is to be overdue for 10-14 days. That is, overdue restructuring is being carried out.
After registration of the restructuring, you must pay according to the schedule. If the borrower continues to overdue systematically, then on the basis of Art. 810 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, the creditor may require early repayment of the entire amount of the debt at a time.
It is possible to enter partial and full early cancellation from the first day of registration of the program. However, it is necessary to study the terms of the contract, because some banks impose a moratorium on early cancellation during the year.
This applies to the largest financial and credit institutions with a large share of state capital.
This is possible for both individuals and legal entities... In this article, we will look at the restructuring process for physical only. persons on the example of Sberbank.
A debt restructuring agreement is made by agreement (individual) between the financial institution and the borrower. You should contact the bank as soon as possible after a difficult situation that has arisen (redundancy or loss of work, serious illness and other force majeure circumstances). This will demonstrate a sense of responsibility for your obligations and a desire to prevent problems from arising. But even if you are severely overdue, there are many ways to convince a bank to restructure a problem loan.
Debt restructuring options at Sberbank
Sberbank, in order to ease the position of the lender, offers several ways out of the difficult situation:
Postponement or postponement
Debt (principal) repayment on loans can be postponed:
- Mortgage loans - up to 24 months.
- Automotive and consumer goods - up to 12 months.
During this time, it will become necessary to try to find money to repay it.
Prolongation (extension) of the contract period
Loan terms employees of financial institutions can increase:
Up to 10 years old. But no longer than 35 years - for the total loan period.
For loans: consumer and automobile
For 3 years. No more than 7 years is the total period.
With this measure, the (financial) position of the borrower becomes much better. After all monthly amount required for repayment becomes several times less.
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Repayment schedules (customized)
Both interest and principal can be repaid using individual flexible schedules. Such a tool is suitable for people engaged in seasonal work. For them, schedules are drawn up that take this factor into account, and the main burden of debt repayment will now have to fall on the “profitable” season. For example, instead of repaying 200 rubles every month, they pay 30 rubles for 7 months, and then extinguish the debt (accumulated) in a lump sum.
Important: if the client comes to the bank in advance, then he does not have a debt. For him, a new loan repayment schedule is simply drawn up.
In addition to these basic methods, there are other tools:
Important: all these measures can be applied in combination and in a complex. There is even repeated restructuring. The bank may look for other schemes, if the situation does not change even after 12 months.
As a rule, similar methods are used by other banks, not only Sberbank. Terms and interest rates may differ.
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You should know it
When signing a new loan agreement (restructuring is usually done this way) financial institution is obliged to officially terminate the existence of the previous one: in addition to the "old" loan agreement, draw up an agreement with a clear indication that the terms of the previous loan cease to be valid.
If the bank does not forgive the debts and draws up a new agreement, according to which the amount of the arisen debt, taking into account fines and interest, will significantly increase, then its decision can be challenged in court. In such a situation, lawyers very often take the side of the debtors, and the accrued interest and fines are canceled.
Loan restructuring affects the interests of banks
Banks are not obliged to restructure the loan as soon as the borrower asked to do so, but they often do it because it affects their interests. The emergence of overdue debt is fraught with the accrual of huge reserve amounts, otherwise - losses. Therefore, the bank, in order not to receive another problem loan, it is better to make temporary concessions.
Is there a benefit from restructuring to the borrower
As the saying goes: "A double-edged sword."
- First, the size of systematic payments is declining.
- Secondly, the overpayment (total) on the loan for the entire period increases. After all, the main debt is paid off in a smaller amount, it turns out that more interest will be charged on it. If the loan is repaid in a different currency, the interest rate is likely to increase on it.
Important: only in force majeure cases (when it is really impossible to repay the loan), resort to its restructuring, so as not to render yourself a "disservice".
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Loan restructuring procedure
To start the procedure, you need to call the bank by phone and tell about your intention. Then - come there and write (in free form) a statement. In it - to state the reasons due to which the debt was formed or its possible occurrence. It is desirable to document it.
Usually, Sberbank employees are asked to indicate the amount of payments that the client is willing to make at a given time.
Secondly, you can fill out an application (special) in electronic form, then go to the official website of Sberbank - http://www.sberbank.ru/ru/ and send it to the email address indicated there.
Required documents for applying
- Application for restructuring a loan for an individual.
- Original passport.
- Confirmation document (certificate) financial income that you received in the last 6 months.
- Application form for restructuring.
- Labor book (in case of reduction).
- An order from the place of work to reduce wages.
- Medical certificate in case of a serious illness that resulted in a decrease in income.
- If the client has collected a lot of loans, and this has increased his credit load, then all loan agreements are attached to the application.
Important: remember that while your issue is being considered, continue to repay the loan in an amount that is acceptable to you.
After the Sberbank employee communicates his decision, a new (with simplified credit terms) agreement will be signed with the client.
Free legal advice:
It is advisable to prepare for the visit to the institution in advance. An individual who needs to facilitate the conditions for repayment of the loan can not only use the above methods, but also offer his own version of the schedule for the repayment of the resulting debt.
Remember, the debtor's credit history will not deteriorate during debt restructuring, if the bank's client himself takes the first step to resolve his problems and does not run away from solving them.
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How to restructure a loan debt in Sberbank to an individual - registration and conditions
The largest bank in the country offers its clients various loan products. Various programs - from a simple consumer loan to mortgage lending- help to realize any ideas and aspirations. However, sometimes there may be a problem with the return of debt due to situations beyond the client's control. Restructuring a loan at Sberbank for individuals helps to solve the problem, but documents confirming a difficult financial situation will be required.
What is loan restructuring
No bank is interested in the borrower to stop paying the loan debt. For this reason, lenders always make concessions, offering different solutions to the problem. Restructuring is a way to balance loan payments with the borrower's income and to do everything possible so that the client continues to service his debt, only on new terms. However, for this it is necessary to prove your insolvency, therefore, you will need to provide a number of documents that the bank would consider a serious reason for revising the credit conditions.
Types of restructuring at Sberbank
To begin with, it should be said that as such, Sberbank does not have a debt restructuring program that would operate on an ongoing basis. The institution offers only refinancing of loans taken from other banks. On an individual basis, he will always consider the client's request if he has problems with debt repayment. The main thing is to inform about the difficulties in time and then the employees will definitely select the best solution to the problem.
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Individual payment schedule
Every borrower is important for the bank, because by issuing loans, a financial institution earns the lion's share of its profits. For this reason, although not often, bankers go to such a step as an individual payment schedule. It is mainly applied to clients who have regular but seasonal earnings. For the most part, this applies to workers employed in agriculture.
For scheduling, the time when the borrower has the highest income is taken into account. During this period, the amount of payments on the loan will reach its peak, and the rest of the time the borrower will pay a minimum of money. An individual schedule is rarely used, since it takes a lot of effort and time to calculate it, especially since several options are being considered for the ability to pay a loan.
Credit holidays or deferred payments
An interesting solution to the problem is the so-called "credit holidays", the essence of which is to postpone the payment of the main dog. Time is given to restore solvency. It is important to understand that during this period it is imperative to pay interest. In this case, the main debt is divided in proportion to the remaining period of time, so subsequently monthly payments increase, which you also need to know about.
Extension of the term of the loan agreement
To reduce the size of monthly payments, it is optimal to increase the number of debt repayment periods or prolong the loan agreement for another period. The principal debt is broken down into a larger number of payments, which ensures a decrease in the credit burden with a simultaneous increase in the repayment period. On the other side, total money deposited at accrued interest increases. However, if we make an adjustment for inflation and wage growth, then the total amount of debt is leveled.
Debt restructuring on a loan in Sberbank on individual terms
Since the restructuring of a loan at Sberbank is not a standard service, but a strictly individual approach, separate conditions are determined for each borrower. Based on the analysis of the documents provided and the obligatory personal conversation, a decision is made on each case. It is important to understand that in relation to one borrower, a certain option may be adopted, while for the other it will be necessary to implement a whole range of measures.
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Lower interest rate
In rare cases, the restructuring of a loan at Sberbank occurs by lowering the rate under the agreement, since the lender loses money in this way. As you know, at the heart of credit policy the bank applies the value of the key rate of the Central Bank of Russia. For this reason, when the regulator once again lowers the COP, you can write a statement with a request, because why should the borrower pay more if there is a full legal basis reduce contributions. However, before writing, you should carefully study the contract and see if such a possibility is spelled out there.
Quarterly interest payment
One of the options for an individual debt repayment schedule is to pay interest once a quarter. This approach does not contradict tax legislation, therefore it is considered quite real. Its essence lies in the fact that the borrower makes payments every month only on the principal debt, and pays interest for the use of money only four times a year. It should be noted right away that this method is not common, but it can be applied if, for example, the employee has additional quarterly bonuses and similar payments.
Decrease or recalculation of accrued interest
As already mentioned, the main condition for restructuring a loan at Sberbank is the timely notification of an employee of the institution that the client is unable to pay off the debt. If you look closely at the agreement, then there are penalties for delays in payment and late repayment of the loan. As a rule, they consist in the payment of a penalty or a forfeit, and the accrual occurs for each day of delay.
If the borrower in time asks the question to consider his difficult situation, then such collection measures are not applied. Otherwise, the borrower will not escape punishment. If such a fact has taken place, the borrower can ask the bank to revise the amount of the fine or increase the number of periods during which he can pay off the debt in full.
How to restructure a loan at Sberbank
You should be aware that the restructuring at Sberbank is carried out exclusively with the consent of the client. V unilaterally the bank does not have the right to change the terms of the loan agreement, even if the borrower has a debt. Another thing is that the positive credit history of the payer will be spoiled. However, if he promptly took all measures in his control, this will not happen, and the borrower's dossier will remain flawless.
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Who can claim
Loan restructuring at Sberbank is available to any client banking institution... To do this, he must confirm that at the present time his financial situation has changed in the direction of deterioration and it is not possible to pay the debt in the same amount. How a valid argument will be considered:
- job loss due to dismissal or layoffs;
- the birth of a child, due to which the spending of the family budget has increased;
- conscription for urgent military service;
- restructuring of a foreign exchange mortgage or car loan;
- disaster;
- temporary or permanent disability, disability.
Borrower requirements
The borrower must meet the criteria that apply to all borrowers of the bank. The main emphasis is on age, or rather on its upper bar. Since the age limit is limited for unemployed pensioners 65 years, then the restructuring, if an increase in the number of payments is implied, will be calculated in such a way that the last installments are paid before the client reaches 65. Since the debt restructuring at Sberbank implies the conclusion of a new loan agreement, the client will have to show a passport.
How to file a restructuring
If there is a large amount of information on other credit products on the official website of Sberbank, then for information on approving the restructuring, you will have to contact the department directly, since you will not be able to find information online. This is due to the fact that there are no general conditions for the procedure, and each individual case is considered on an individual basis. In order to imagine what the essence of the operation is and how it happens, you should carefully look at the information below.
Questionnaire for a preliminary analysis of the possibility of restructuring a loan from Sberbank
Before the bank makes a decision on the possibility of restructuring the debt, the debtor is obliged to fill out a questionnaire, which will be considered the basis for considering the case. There, in addition to personal data, it is necessary to indicate the reason for applying for a revision of the terms of the contract and the availability of its official confirmation. You also need to list the sources and prospects of loan repayment later. In addition, you still have to indicate all the necessary information about the current loan.
Registration of the application
Drawing up an application for restructuring should not be too difficult. The form can be taken at a Sberbank branch. It is filled in by the borrower personally, but if the loan was taken on behalf of individuals or legal entities, his signature is also required. There should be indicated
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- data of the loan agreement;
- the debtor's preference for the payment of the debt;
- the reason and circumstances of the restructuring;
- the date of the problem;
- debt repayment prospects.
Interview with a bank employee
Workers the largest bank countries, before restructuring a loan at Sberbank, will carefully study all the documents and conduct a direct conversation with the borrower. This is due to the fact that this is the only way to find a consensus and choose the optimal alternative. The manager will try to consider everything possible options restructuring, calculate the upcoming payments, and if the client is satisfied with everything, prepare documents for signing.
What documents are needed for restructuring a loan at Sberbank
As has already been noted more than once, in order to confirm the reasons for the difficult financial situation, the applicant must submit a document. If a person thinks that it will be enough just to write a statement, then he is mistaken. The bank will not even consider such an application. Depending on the cause of delays, the papers may be different:
- a decrease in income can be proved with a certificate from the accounting department;
- work book for confirmation of dismissal or reduction;
- a serious illness can be evidenced by a certificate from a polyclinic or hospital;
- the birth of a child or the death of a close relative can be certified by a certificate or a certificate can be taken from the internal affairs bodies.
Features of the restructuring procedure
It should be understood that Sberbank employees are proposing loan restructuring and mean by this the conclusion of a new loan agreement. It is imperative that the old contract, under which the debt was formed, must be closed. If this is not done, then, according to the conditions, the borrower will have to pay additional fines. If the new agreement provides for additional penalties for non-fulfillment of credit obligations under the old one, it can and should be challenged in court.
Consumer loan
Sberbank presents a broad view consumer loans... They are issued on cards or in cash. As a rule, the amounts are small, so it will not be difficult to restructure such loans. You can also use refinancing, if you still have loans in other banks. In this way, you can combine all loans into one, as a result of which there will be a decrease in the total amount of the payment and a decrease in the interest rate.
Restructuring a mortgage loan in a savings bank to an individual
If a mortgage was issued and a person has problems with servicing it, then here without delay it is necessary to contact the lender to resolve the situation. The fact is that the collateral for housing loan the acquired real estate acts and, provided that the borrower does not fulfill his obligations, the bank has the right to sell the property to cover the balance of the debt. In order to prevent this from happening, it is recommended to contact the bank at the earliest opportunity for help in restructuring the mortgage.
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Credit card debt
Credit cards have become a popular means of lending. They are beneficial in that you can use money not only in Russia, but also when traveling abroad. According to treaties banking services the card is issued for a certain period of time, and the exact return period is determined separately. On a monthly basis, the borrower is only required to reimburse part of the money spent, which can then be reused.
If a large amount of money has been withdrawn or the card limit has been selected, and additional contributions are not received, the bank blocks the plastic. All additional credits to the account are directed to repay the interest accrued during this time. When restructuring debt, it becomes possible to revise the payment schedule in order to be able to repay the principal debt.
Pros and cons of restructuring at Sberbank for loans
The restructuring of the loan at Sberbank has both positive and negative aspects, and for both parties. The bank bears certain costs and expenses for concluding a new agreement, reviewing documentation that confirms the client's insolvency. In addition, there is a risk of recurring problem debts on a newly issued loan.
For the borrower, the revision of the terms of the agreement helps to avoid bad credit history, the amount of the monthly payment decreases, helping the client to manage more efficiently own funds... If the loan was taken not in rubles, then it is possible to change the lending currency in order to avoid the risks associated with fluctuations in foreign exchange market... Do not forget that the bank may refuse to provide debt restructuring, so you also need to be ready for this and look for other debt repayment schemes or apply for re-restructuring.
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Reviews
Olga Petrovna, 50 years old
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When she was laid off at her last job, she was forced to apply for loan restructuring to Sberbank. I cannot say that this process is simple, since it was required to collect documentary evidence of my insolvency.
At one time, they took out a loan for construction at Sberbank. When the baby was born, payments began to put undue pressure on the budget. We contacted the bank with a request to reduce monthly payment by increasing the loan term. Although this has increased the size of the overpayment, it is better than being blacklisted for problem borrowers.
Features of debt restructuring on a loan in Sberbank
When we get a consumer or mortgage loan, we never think that a streak of failures may come in our life. Firing from work, sudden illness and other problems lead to absence Money to pay off obligations.
The result is one - endless calls to collectors, litigation, sale of collateral and a completely spoiled credit history. A popular service will help to avoid a sad outcome - debt restructuring on a loan at Sberbank. Thanks to it, borrowers can solve their financial problems without risking their reputation.
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According to the provisions of the Law on Bankruptcy of Borrowers, the financial institution and the debtor can agree to soften the terms of the loan agreement, i.e. about restructuring. This service is available to both citizens and commercial organizations. Let's consider the procedure using the example of Sberbank's work with individuals.
If you are experiencing financial hardship due to job loss, pay cut, serious illness, or other emergency, you do not need to hide from your lender or try to escape. Head to the bank and be honest about your situation. A financial institution, seeing your reliability and desire to pay off debts, will certainly meet you halfway and offer models for changing the terms of the agreement.
Options for restructuring a loan at Sberbank
The largest bank in the country, striving to improve the position of the debtor, offers him several ways out of a difficult situation.
1. Postponement
The bank may postpone the maturity financial commitment... By mortgage deferral is possible for two years, for consumer and car loans - for a year. During this time, the client can establish his financial position and find funds to pay off the debt.
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2. Prolongation of the contract
Sberbank may increase the period for which a loan agreement is concluded with a client. As a result, the amount of the monthly payment will decrease, and the financial burden on an individual will decrease. A mortgage can be extended for up to 10 years (no more than 35 years in total), for an inappropriate loan - for three years (no more than seven years in total).
3. Drawing up an individual loan repayment schedule
This method is suitable for people whose income is seasonal (farmers, people involved in tourism, etc.). For a person is compiled individual plan, according to which he settles with the creditor. For example, instead of paying monthly in rubles, the borrower transfers seven months a year in rubles, and the resulting difference pays off in one payment in the "income" period.
Debt restructuring on a loan in Sberbank can be carried out according to other schemes:
- Credit holidays - the bank provides the client with the opportunity for a certain period not to repay the debt at all or to pay only interest on it. It is assumed that during this period a person will be able to normalize his financial situation.
- Quarterly payment of interest - a person extinguishes only the principal debt on a monthly basis, and transfers the interest in a single payment once every three months.
- Conversion of interest - In some cases, the financial institution may “forgive” the customer interest by recalculating it to the level of regular interest.
In relation to a specific borrower, one method or a combination of measures can be used, selected taking into account the specifics of the case. In some cases, even a second restructuring is possible if the actions taken did not help the first time.
The main thing that is required from a "problem" borrower is a timely appeal to a credit institution. It is not profitable for banks to have overdue debts or a lot of court cases, so they most often meet their clients halfway.
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From a legal point of view, restructuring a loan at Sberbank (or any other credit institution) is the signing of a new agreement with amended conditions. Please note that the financial institution must formally terminate the previous agreement. Usually, for this, an additional agreement is drawn up, which states that all the provisions of the agreement are no longer relevant.
If the bank has not complied with it important condition and prepared new document, in which the amount of debt has grown significantly, increasing the penalties, you can defend your case in court. Usually, in such cases, lawyers take the side of the borrower.
Debt restructuring: pros and cons
A debt restructuring service for a loan at Sberbank appeared on financial market not without reason: it is beneficial to both sides of the legal relationship.
For the bank it is great way avoid losses. The fact is that the functioning of credit organizations is regulated by legislative norms, according to which reserves must be formed for each overdue debt. This means significant monetary losses, and therefore it is more profitable to offer the borrower ways to restructure his obligations.
For the bank client himself, changing the terms of the loan is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, such a step gives him time to fix his financial situation and pay off his debt. The credit history will remain positive, the person will not receive endless calls from the collectors with threats, there will be no need for litigation, which means a significant loss of time, effort and money.
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On the other hand, restructuring a loan at Sberbank always means an increase in monetary obligation... The amount of the monthly payment decreases, the debt repayment period increases. This means that an individual will be charged more interest, and the amount of overpayment will significantly increase. Therefore, the restructuring service should be used only in the most difficult situations, when there are practically no options left to pay with the bank. Otherwise, you can seriously harm yourself.
How to restructure debt at Sberbank?
To get new conditions for a loan, you need to call the bank and state your situation. Then you need to come there in person and write a statement in free form. The document prescribes a request to restructure debts and the reason why this need arose. The latter is best documented. If you are sick, attach a certificate from medical institution if you got fired - copy work book etc. Often, Sberbank employees ask customers to indicate the amount of a monthly payment that is currently acceptable to them.
The following documents must be attached to the application:
- Russian passport;
- a certificate of income that you received over the past six months;
- a document confirming the onset of difficult life circumstances;
- a completed questionnaire in the form of a bank.
While debt restructuring is being considered, do not stop monthly payments. Continue to pay off debt as much as is possible for you.
When a decision on your issue is made, you will conclude a new agreement with the bank.
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Debt restructuring on a loan at Sberbank is a procedure that allows people who find themselves in a difficult life situation to get out of it with honor and pay off their debts. Both Moscow and small towns offer all the opportunities for restructuring, it is important not to hide from the bank, but to go straight to a credit institution and honestly talk about your problems.
For 100% approval, send several applications at once!
Is credit restructuring profitable ?! - consider and study this process in more detail in the material. When a borrower has difficulty repaying a loan, financial institutions offer debt restructuring.
The essence of their programs is to change the key terms of the agreement in order to reduce the level of financial burden.
Familiarization with the restructuring!
This measure implies that the bank provides the opportunity to change some of the provisions of the agreement. The client does not see any "live" money.
In fact, it will be noted on paper that the financial institution issued new loan and secured the repayment of the old loan.
Traditionally, from a practical point of view, this process implies an increase in the period in which the loan is repaid in order to reduce the burden on the debtor.
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In words, the promises of banks look very attractive, but the practice cannot boast that this was so absolutely in all cases. After all, the client who applied for this procedure is regarded for the bank as a problematic “copy”.
And for such individuals, there are hardly favorable conditions. In fact, it turns out that when agreeing on this type of relationship, the borrowers themselves agree to a high interest rate in comparison with the old loan.
Grounds for restructuring!
The revision of the general contractual conditions can be carried out at the initiative of both parties.
- The borrower. This is relevant when it is not possible to pay off the debt in full. He makes an appeal to a financial institution and creates a request for a breakdown of the monthly contribution into small parts.
- Lender. The financial institution makes a proposal to reduce the credit burden.
Traditionally, for the implementation of this event, some causal factors are possible:
- dismissal;
- being on parental leave;
- army conscription;
- disease.
Thanks to the conclusion of such a deal, several fundamental results can be achieved:
- maintain a favorable level of credit statistics;
- prevent a financial institution from filing a lawsuit;
- reduce the size of the monthly payment;
- prevent penalties.
Based on these data, it is already possible to draw some conclusions regarding the profitability of this event.
How beneficial is debt restructuring ?!
When a client has serious delays due to job loss or a decrease in wages, or if there is another financial hole, he has the right to take advantage of the restructuring opportunity.
Such a service can be carried out exclusively in the financial institution in which the loan was issued. The financiers are making changes to the agreement drawn up on the loan. They go in several directions.
Financial organizations that actively offer such services also do not remain without benefits:
- get the opportunity to meet the repayment schedule and reduce the total share of overdue loans;
- lead to a more improved state of the quality of the loan portfolio;
- have a chance to do without lengthy proceedings, which saves time and money.
As for the client side, she can also expect to receive a certain number of benefits:
- prevention of negative dossier on loans if the debt is short enough;
- prevention of litigation with an instance, and this seriously affects the general reputation of the client;
- the absence of various kinds of penalties, penalties that are charged by the bank;
- the ability not to fall into a state of default, since the calculator recalculates according to the repayment scheme and contributes to the establishment of the minimum monthly payment;
- prevention of confiscation of property values in compensation for debt obligations within the framework of a court decision.
On this basis, you can conclude whether credit restructuring is beneficial, and how much.
When it comes to increasing the term!
This type of transaction will take place in a situation where the borrower needs to reduce the amount of the monthly payment. To this end, the company is increasing the term of issue, and often it can be significant.
This process always implies an increase in the size of the total overpayment, which turns out to be disadvantageous. As part of the restructuring process, a simple unspoken rule always applies: the longer the renewal period, the large sum overpayment is observed.
This is due to the accrual of interest on a monthly basis on the balance of the debt, and since the total number of months increases, the accrual of interest also increases.
Therefore, when registering a restructuring of this type of loan, you should immediately tune in to partial repayments ahead of schedule.
If this is a credit vacation ?!
This option implies increasing the term of the existing loan at the bank's discretion. The term is increased by a total of 3-12 months. For this time, the borrower receives a deferral to pay the principal amount of the debt.
For example, for six months, he may not pay until the moment when his financial situation reaches a state of stability. Despite this fact, the payment of interest charges remains in effect.
So the client continues to pay, but it will be much smaller, since it consists solely of interest.
Complete exemption from payments!
Unlike previous options, in this case, the overpayment practically does not change. The bank simply freezes payments for a while, as well as increases the loan term due to the fact that in a certain period of time the borrower will not pay anything at all. It is important to take into account the fact that the bank retains the right to increase the interest rate.
When restructuring on a bank initiative!
If this procedure is carried out after a long period of delays and penalties, then the loan amount will contain a certain amount of interest and penalties.
And this suggests that a certain percentage will run up on them. So in this situation, the overpayment will have a tremendous impact.
Writing off penalties!
This is a rather profitable version of the process, taking into account the fact that fines and penalties for delays and delays are considerable. Therefore, we can assume that there will be a decrease in the total amount.
Transfer to another currency!
Due to fluctuations in foreign currencies, the financial position of many borrowers is becoming precarious. Properly implemented restructuring measures will reduce the total amount of payments and overpayments, as well as improve lending conditions.
The above options will allow you to answer the question whether it is worth doing a loan restructuring. Having weighed all the pros and cons, you can count on an intelligible result.
What is needed for restructuring ?!
In order to initiate the procedure, the first thing you need to do is.
Within the framework of this document, there is an indication of several data:
- number and date of the agreement;
- options for making a starting payment;
- dimensional indicator of the received loan limit;
- the amount of the repaid debt;
- the amount of the contribution;
- the date of the last payment events;
- the time when the first delay occurred;
- a detailed description of the causal factors of violation of the terms.
Traditionally, financial organizations require a certain list of documents to be attached to the application:
- identity card of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
- a certificate from a medical institution;
- a copy of the contractual relationship on the loan;
- labor book (if the reason was precisely the dismissal);
- a reference document from the employment center that you are registered, as well as materials about the amount of benefit that is assigned;
- document from the place of work in the form of 2-NDFL.
Impact on your credit history!
To avoid risks to your credit history, you should contact the lender before the delay occurs.
If the lender agrees to change the terms of the agreement, information about the borrower's problems will not be sent to the CRI. Your personal situation will reflect the fact of default if you contact the bank after the debt has arisen.
Based on the length of the delay in payments, the degree to which the situation is aggravated may be:
- weak- if the restructuring is carried out within a month from the time of delay;
- middle- if there are several violations of the deadlines, this is called regular evasion of payments;
- high- this procedure is carried out on the initiative of a financial organization, and this indicates the income of the case before the court.
How many times can the procedure be carried out ?!
Borrowers are interested in how many times a loan can be restructured. The number of applications for this purpose is not limited in any way from a legal point of view. It all depends on personal opportunities and lender preferences.
If after this event you again stopped depositing amounts to the bank account, there is a high probability of receiving a refusal of an unreasonable nature.
Also, the lender is entitled to the following:
- requirement for early termination of the contract;
- broadcast promissory note to the collectors;
- going to court with a claim to terminate the relevant contract.
If measures have already been taken, but your position has remained at the same level, you can act as an initiator.
The situation when it becomes difficult to make payments to the bank on time is possible for every borrower. The reason for this may be a layoff at work, a serious illness, or other unforeseen events. To avoid complications in the future, the client needs to invite the financial institution to reconsider the terms of the lending.
Distinctive features of debt restructuring
Delays in making payments on the loan taken threaten the debtor with many problems. These include:
- Accrual by the bank of penalties and fines for late payment.
- Communication with employees collection agency, to which the bank can turn (this directly poses a threat to the physical safety of the debtor).
- Litigation on the bank's claim with possible consequences (for example, seizure of property).
- Damaged credit history, in which it will be very difficult to get a bank loan (in a limited number of banks, under high percent and etc.).
Having realized the consequences of non-payment of loan payments in a timely manner, the borrower is able to minimize Negative consequences... He needs to inform the bank about the problems that have arisen and apply for a loan restructuring. This procedure has the following features:
- It involves changing the terms of the loan agreement (for example, by reducing the interest rate when the agreement is extended), helping the borrower to make timely payments.
- Debt restructuring is carried out in the presence of confirmed financial problems of the borrower (for example, a certificate of termination of employment) in the same bank where the loan was issued.
- In the short term, it is beneficial for the borrower, since it reduces the financial burden (for example, reduces the amount of individual payments), but the total overpayment on the loan increases.
- Although restructuring simplifies loan repayment, it can lead to a deterioration of credit history (CI), because in a number of banks (VTB, Alfa-Bank, etc.), it is possible to apply for a revision of credit terms only if there is a 2-month delay. With such a period of interruption in payments, information about the delay will surely fall into the CI.
A similar process, but carried out at a different bank, is called refinancing. In this case, the client takes a new loan on more favorable terms than the current one, and with its help extinguishes his debt. Depending on the terms of the current loan and the proposed conditions, refinancing may be more profitable for the borrower from an organizational point of view (for example, allowing not to spoil the CI). At the same time, the amount of overpayment, with a high probability, will be greater than in the case of restructuring, because third party bank also take care of making a profit.
Reasons for changing the parameters of the loan agreement
Debt restructuring in a bank is necessary if the client, due to objective reasons, cannot make loan payments of the same amount.
The financial institution is interested in repaying the issued loan with the least losses for itself (that is, without the cost of a lawsuit, etc.), therefore, if there are good reasons, the procedure for revising the loan conditions will be approved.
Documented facts are suitable grounds for restructuring:
- layoffs due to downsizing or liquidation of the organization;
- official salary reductions (for example, upon demotion);
- incurred large losses individual entrepreneur;
- damage to property (including real estate) by natural disasters or man-made accidents.
There are different restructuring programs that are selected by the bank depending on the specific situation, wishes and capabilities of the client. Regardless of the options, they will have:
- Advantages - the ability to repay the loan in a difficult financial situation, the absence of litigation and / or communication with collectors, under favorable circumstances (for example, the bank will approve the restructuring without waiting for a 2-month delay) CI will not be damaged.
- Disadvantages - the total overpayment will be greater than with payments under the previous conditions.
How to restructure loan debt
When submitting an application to the bank, the borrower must be aware that the upcoming procedure does not relieve him of the obligation to pay the debt and does not reduce its size, but only revises the procedure for making individual payments. The table shows the advantages and disadvantages of credit restructuring:
Methods and methods | Characteristic | ||
Extension of the term of the loan agreement | An increase in the term of debt payments (prolongation of the agreement), leading to a decrease in the size of monthly installments. | The ability to normally pay off loan obligations in the event of financial problems. | An increase in the overall overpayment for a consumer or mortgage loan. |
Change of loan currency | Recalculation of contributions to others monetary units(as a rule, in rubles, instead of dollars or euros, with a sharp increase in the exchange rate foreign currency). This method deprives banks of some of their profits, so it is often initiated by political decisions (for example, by decrees of the Russian Government). | Possibility of reducing the size of payments in case of fluctuations in the exchange rate. | It is very difficult to get approval. |
Credit Holidays | The ability to pay only interest for a certain time (half a year, rarely a year), with the prospect of returning to the contributions of the same size in the future. | The appearance of a deferral in payments on the principal debt is the time that can be used to solve current financial problems (search new job and etc.). | Excess interest payments during the holidays. |
Lower interest rate | Without extending the payment period, this is an unprofitable option for banks. For this reason, it is used very rarely, as a rule, during the period of a significant reduction in the refinancing rate of the Central Bank and has serious selection criteria (for example, it can be applied for for the first time who was in delay or paying a mortgage). | Repayment of the loan with lower costs than before. | Great difficulty in obtaining this form of refinancing. |
Cancellation of forfeit and cancellation of penalties | This is also a rare case, which banks go to if there are very good reasons for the client's delay (for example, a serious operation). Often, writing off penalties and fines for a certain period does not cancel out the payment of interest at that time. | Reducing the current financial burden. | Produced separately, such an amnesty does not reduce the burden on the loan, but only eliminates fines and penalties. In the optimal case, it should be complemented by other types of restructuring, for example, extension of the payment period. |
Registration procedure
In order to revise the terms of the loan agreement, you must:
- Fill out a restructuring application in the form of a bank. The sample is taken on the website of the credit institution. This document informs the lender of the problems the borrower has encountered and shows a disciplined attitude towards debt repayment.
- Submit this document to the department for work with credit debts... Ideally, the copy should be stamped with the date and signature of the employee who accepted the application - if the restructuring application is rejected and the case goes to court, it will be important that the loan recipient tried to find civilized ways to repay the debt, and did not hide from payments.
- Wait for an invitation to an interview. Together with the bank manager, choose the most convenient options for changing the credit conditions.
- Fill out an application, indicating there specific options for changing the loan conditions, which were discussed at the interview. Attach a package of documents.
- Wait for the bank's response. If the bank's decision is positive, consider a new agreement (or an additional agreement to the current credit agreement) and the payment schedule. Sign a document.
- If the bank refuses to restructure, demand from it a written confirmation of this (the client's explicit desire to pay off the debt may become a reason for the court to further oblige financial institution revise the terms of loan repayment).
- Peculiarities of interaction of insured organizations with the FSS, if they are located in the region where the pilot project is operating Interaction with the social insurance fund
- Keeping a journal of registration of cash documents
- A sample of filling out an order for an inventory
- What to correct in the accounting if the company issued an invoice with a long delay If the invoice was not issued